ES2596504T3 - Facade scaffolding - Google Patents

Abstract

Facade scaffolding, of the type composed of multiple tubular elements, interconnected with each other, constituting a scaffold (1) fixed on the facade and arranged parallel to it, giving rise to different levels of work on the facade, determined by service platforms, comprising a plurality of removable frames (2.12) and rectangular frames (2 ', 2' ') not removable, in transverse arrangement to the plane of the façade and related to each other by horizontal and diagonal bars, with intermediate coupling devices safety, not removable spontaneously (27,28,29,30,56,58), whose frames (2,12) and rectangular frames (2 ', 2' ') directly support platforms (4,4', 4 ") of passage to one or another of the outer or inner sides of the frames (2 ', 2' '), vertically adjustable brackets (5.6) carrying other service platforms (7.8), whose platforms (4.4 ', 4 ", 7.8) have fixed base plates (36.37) in at least one, of its edges, the removable porches (2.12) comprise vertical elements (10) and the rectangular frames (2 ', 2' ') comprise vertical elements, the vertical elements of the limiting frames (2', 2 ") being associated with front openings by beams (72) mounted directly on them, the vertical elements (10) of the frames (2.12) being able to receive structures (12) at their upper ends for service platforms or fixed beams carriers of lower couplings (13,14) for the ends of said vertical elements (10) and other upper couplings (17,18,19) to receive another rectangular frame (2 ', 2 "), characterized in that said scaffolding also has fences (79) safety specials attachable to two successive frames (2 ', 2 ") of the scaffolding in the part that corresponds to upper nodes of the frames (2', 2"), determining provisional fences (79) of protection on a platform superior, presenting these elements sees Vertical frames (2 ', 2 ") multiple rings (20,20') distributed longitudinally intended to receive brackets (5,6) carrying service platforms (7,8) which are equipped with their vertical hooks (21,22) for its suspension in the rings (20,20 ') of the vertical elements of the frames (2', 2 "), also presenting said brackets (5,6) on the vertical side itself a clamp (23 ) for attachment to the corresponding frame (2 ', 2 "), and because the separation of the hooks (21,22) is half the separation of the rings (20,20') from the frames (2 ', 2 ").

Description

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

DESCRIPTION

Facade scaffolding

The present invention relates to the so-called facade scaffolding, achieving characteristics of novelty and inventive activity with respect to those currently known.

The facade scaffolding is associated with the facades of the buildings to carry out repair work on them, being able to include among them the works of complete rehabilitation of the facade.

The currently known facade scaffolds suffer from excessive constructive complication, which increases their price and the time required for erection and disassembly. At the same time they do not present in many cases the proper safety features for the staff working in them.

The brochure "Allegemeine Bauaufsichtliche Zulassung Z-8.1-16.2 Anglage C Aufbau- und Verwendungsanleitung Layher Blitz Gerüst Sytem 70 Stahl" by Wilhelm Layher GMBH & co published on 2-2-1998 discloses general formwork systems with multiple structures connected with service platforms and support. This document discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1.

FR1376804 discloses a formwork system that has brackets supported by a hook and a clamp, said hook fitting into rings of vertical scaffold posts.

DE19527235 A1 discloses scaffold beams, said beams comprising a coupling for diagonal connection, presenting an oscillating retaining element.

EP0995860 A1 discloses a fence assembly process on a scaffold in which a provisional security fence is arranged and mounted by means of an auxiliary fence base to which horizontal bars are connected.

The present invention is intended to disclose facade scaffolding according to claim 1, by means of which it is possible to achieve constructive and functional improvements that allow for lower costs and greater safety for personnel.

The present invention extends to multiple aspects of the scaffolding, which can be explained starting from the constitution of the gantry feet by means of several easily removable constituent segments, especially three pieces, reducing transport and storage space, being intended for the constitution of porches with fixed iron beams, prefabricated, Voith type or similar, carriers of platforms and equipped with fixed stems receiving tubular frames that, successively, will constitute the scaffold assembly. These frames have a special structure, the vertical elements of several rings being provided for the suspension of the brackets for the service platforms, with the characteristic that the separation between the suspension rings is twice that of the separation between the hooks of the brackets, allowing greater freedom to adjust the suspension height of the bracket. In addition, each bracket has an intermediate flange intended for fixing to the corresponding vertical frame element. At the same time, the scaffolding frames feature quick and non-detachable couplings for bar ends, both rebar and other structural elements, such as handrails, etc. Said couplings have pivot retention tabs, capable of allowing the insertion of the rod end to be inserted, producing by their own means the automatic lifting of the retention tab, which is subsequently arranged so that it cannot be detached from fortuitous form, requiring for this an express manual action, which provides greater security in the device.

The service platforms, carried out as usual in non-slip plate, for example, perforated and embedded sheet, are provided with extreme clamps that can be centered directly on the tubular elements of the structure frames, having safety devices that prevent their accidental disassembly . Likewise, the ends of the platforms are made with a special structure of great rigidity that prevents their deformation or breakdown in transport and also prevents accidental deformations on the platforms in service.

The platforms themselves have associated sockets inserted by means of pythons in their housings, which guarantees the good coupling of the baseboard with the platform for any dimensions of the latter and regardless of the elements of the structure, guaranteeing at all times a adequate closure of the side edges of the platform preventing the fall of tools or other objects.

Another feature of the present invention is that the fixed beams of the porches have fixed upper stems at the ends and stems or receiving elements of the frames in intermediate position moved on the beam itself, to allow the scaffolding to adapt to the facade line and the different protruding bodies of it.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

Another additional aspect of the present invention lies in the way of mounting the beams of the porches of considerable light, which is carried out suspended in special supports that are hung from the rings of the right feet or frames, which limit the porch, allowing the placement of the beams resting on said supports and without an extreme stop. In this way, two objectives are achieved, firstly, to keep the beam suspended while performing the work of fixing it on the right feet or frames, and on the other, since there is no longitudinal stop, allow the use of the same beam fixed for spans of shorter length, that is, smaller than the beam.

For better understanding, some drawings of a preferred embodiment of the present invention are attached by way of explanatory but not limiting example.

Figure 1 shows a front view of a scaffolding assembly according to the present invention.

Figure 2 shows a side elevation view of the scaffolding itself of Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows an exploded view, a portico and a scaffolding frame.

Figure 4 shows a perspective detail of one of the upper vertices of a scaffolding frame.

Figure 5 shows a variant of the scaffold bar retaining coupling.

Figures 6, 7 and 8 represent paths in side elevation, plan and bottom view of a service platform.

Figures 9 and 10 respectively represent an elevation view from one end of the platform itself and a section along the indicated cutting plane.

Figure 11 shows an elevation view of a socket to be used with the platforms object of the present invention.

Figure 12 shows a detail in side elevation of the incorporation of a platform to a tubular element of the structure.

Figure 13 shows, according to a perspective view, the relative position of a service platform with respect to a tubular element of the structure.

Figure 14 shows a perspective view of one end of a platform, in an inverted position.

Figure 15 shows a detail of a safety coupling device of a platform to a tubular structure element.

Figure 16 shows the exploded view of a beam for a bay with its right support feet and additional mounting parts.

Figures 17 and 18 are views in side elevation and in front elevation of a supplementary piece of support for the beams for the openings.

Figure 19 shows a perspective view in which the coupling of one of the supplementary parts of Figures 17 and 18 can be seen in a frame.

Figure 20 shows a front elevation view of a provisional safety device to be used in the assembly of successive platforms.

Figure 21 shows a detail of a closing element of one end of a service platform.

Figures 22 and 23 show two side elevation and plan views of a retaining coupling device.

Figures 24 to 27 are representative of the different stages of operation of the retaining coupling of the reinforcing bars, handrails and others of the structure.

Figure 28 is a perspective view showing the coupling of platforms in a scaffolding structure according to the present invention.

As can be seen in the figures, a facade scaffolding incorporating the present improvements has been indicated with the general numeral -1- in figures 1 and 2 and comprises rectangular frames -2-, -2 "- and removable frames -2 - that establish contact with the ground by means of the adjustable feet -3- and that constitute

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

levels of work through successive platforms such as -4-, -4'-, -4-, associated at the upper ends of the frames. Lateral brackets, such as those indicated with numerals -5- and -6-, allow other lateral platforms, such as -7- and -8- to be coupled, as well as other structures, possibly at different heights and with different depths with respect to the facade, as shown with the frames -9- and -9'- associated with the front brackets, which will be arranged with a different separation from the facade than that achieved by means of platforms -4- and -7-.

As can be seen in figure 3, some gantry feet indicated with the numeral -10- are integrated by a lateral tubular element -11- detachably coupled to the regulation feet or regulation bases -3- and carrying superiorly coupled a support structure -12- of the frames that have lower couplings such as -13- and -14-, intended to coincide on the protruding stems -15- and -16- of the gantry feet -11- and protruding stems higher such as those indicated with numerals -17-, -18- and -19- intended to receive the upper frames -2- and platforms -4-. The number of intermediate stems -18- will be variable, especially one or two, and its mounting on the beam will be movable to adapt to the facade line and its protruding bodies. The structure -12- will preferably be realized by means of steel crossbeams of known type, such as the so-called Voith beams.

The constitution mentioned allows easy disassembly of the porches, which also simplifies their storage and transport.

The vertical elements of the frames -2'-, -2 "- have multiple suspension rings -20-, -20 '-..., figures 3 and 4, in which it is possible to suspend the brackets -5- or - 6- by their hooks, having represented the two hooks indicated with the numbers -21- and -22- for the bracket -5-. The separation between each two rings -20-, -20'- is twice the separation between the hooks -21- and -22- of the brackets, which considerably increases the height adjustment possibilities of said brackets.For the securing of the brackets once suspended, they will have quick-acting flanges such as the one indicated with the numeral -23- in figure 3. These flanges will be in solidarity with the vertical elements of the frame -2-, achieving a perfect stability of the carrier bracket of its own platform -8-.

As can be seen in Figure 4, an upper knot of a frame -2- comprises a welded crossbar -24- and an upper protruding rod -25- intended to receive the tubular elements of other frames in a higher position, also providing other elements of reinforcement of varied form such as those indicated with the numeral -26-, In the vertical elements of the frame -2- there are also arranged quick coupling devices of bars, constituted, for example, by protruding stems such as that indicated with numeral -27- having a retention tab -28- for flattened end bars provided with a hole, or the structure shown in Figure 5, in which the support -29- of the retention tab -30- It adopts a substantially parallelepipedic structure, being constituted, for example, by a U-folded plate.

Some constructive details of one of the platforms -4-, -4'-, -4 "- are shown in Figures 6 to 10. As shown in said figures, each platform -4-, -4'-, -4 "- comprises a top plate -67- equipped with a non-slip profile, for example, by means of inlaid holes -68-, also presenting reinforced terminals at both ends, indicated with numerals -31- and -32- and which are internally shaped of sector of circle -33-, figure 12, to allow its better coupling to a tubular element -34- of the structure. A safety device -35-, which will be explained later, prevents the accidental dismantling of a platform.

As can be seen in greater detail in Figure 14, each of the ends of the platforms -4-, -4'-, -4 "- is constituted by a parallelepiped drawer structure -69- carrier of the coupling terminals -32- and which are fixed by welding to the folded side flanges such as -36- and -37- of the platform -4-, also providing internal reinforcement plates -38- fixed to the indicated flanges themselves.

Figure 15 shows a detail of a coupling terminal -32- in which the arrangement of the safety devices -35-, comprising a rod or short bar -70- provided with stops, for example, is shown. bottom stop -39- and through the bottom and side walls of the drawer -69- through holes -40- and -41-, so that these rods can adopt the two positions shown: on the right, the service position in the which help to retain the platform on the tubular element -34- of the frame or the position shown in strokes to the left, in which said rods are arranged in the disassembly position.

The platforms will have associated socket elements, for which they have holes in their upper face arranged in the vicinity of their lateral edges, such as those indicated with numerals -71- and -71'- for one of the sides of the platform - 4-, -4'-, -4 "- shown in figure 7. In this way, the sockets integrated by flat plates of elongated rectangular shape -42-, figure 11, can be easily mounted by internally projecting stems -43- and -44- which are introduced in the holes -71- and -71'- Said rods also penetrate the flanges of the plate constituting the platform, in such a way as to prevent its accidental removal, since its disassembly can be carried out only by ensuring the verticality of the sockets, which will exclude their accidental disassembly.In addition, by incorporating the sockets on the platforms themselves, will they ensure their proper functioning in any circumstance.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

Another safety measure is that represented in Figure 13 of the drawings, in which it is observed that each platform -4- has at its end some stops such as -45- and -46- that will prevent the platforms from tipping over and also they serve to avoid openings between the platforms of the same floor.

In accordance with the present invention, the formation of frames -2- with important light, that is to say, notable opening in the opening, is carried out by means of extreme support frames, such as those indicated with numerals -47- and -48- in Figure 16 and a transverse beam -72- which is incorporated into the aforementioned right feet by means of supplementary parts -49- and -50-, intended for coupling to rings at the top of said right feet, as a phase prior to its mounting in position.

In figures 17, 18 and 19 the assembly of the additional parts -49- and -50- can be seen in greater detail, one of them being represented, that is, the part -49-, in which the arrangement of an upper hook -73- intended to allow suspension of one of the rings -74- of a frame -75-, also presenting a lower U-shaped profile -76- intended to embrace the right foot or frame -75- a Once the suspension has been made in the ring -74-, Some lateral arms in cross -77- and -78-, equipped with resistant lower brackets, will allow to receive a beam, such as for example the beam -72- represented in Figure 16. Through this arrangement, it is possible to suspend the beam -72- and then proceed comfortably to fix it to the right foot or frame -75-, avoiding the difficult work that must be done at present when having to simultaneously perform two Functions: support the beam -72- and simultaneously, perform its fij ation by appropriate flanges with the frame -75-. At the same time, since there is no axial stop for beam -72-, since it is supported on the cross arms of the supplementary piece -49-, the beam can be used for spans smaller than its total length, since it will simply vary the support point on the horizontal arms -77- or -78-,

According to another aspect of the present invention, special safety fences are provided, such as the one indicated as a whole with numeral -79- in Figure 20. Said frame comprises two vertical uprights -80- and -81- that are coupled by means of hooks to the rings of two successive frames -82- and -83-, resting internally by means of the arched supports -84- and -85- in the mentioned frames themselves, having said protective fences -79- crossbars such as -86- and -87-, which constitute a protection fence. In this way, once a platform is mounted, such as the one indicated with the number -88- in figure 20, between the frames -82- and -83-, it can already be mounted from under that platform, that is, from the lower floor determined by the platform -89-, the protective fence -79-, which will be attached to the upper platform -88- and that will serve so that, when the operators go up to said platform, they already have provisional protection immediately . After that, the elements of the upper floor will be assembled with the definitive defenses, after which they will proceed to move the protective fence -79- upwards, towards the next floor in height and so on.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in the end frames -51- corresponding to the end of a platform, protection closures consisting of smaller frames -52- provided with vertical elements -53- and -54- and crossbars will be incorporated in variable number, as well as a bottom socket plate-55-,

Figures 22 to 27 show the concrete embodiment of a bar connection device with retention tab. In the version shown, which corresponds to an outer envelope of substantially rectangular parallelepipedic shape, a folded plate holder -56- receives a tongue -58- inside, tilting on the transverse axis -57- and presenting a complex profile shown in Figures 24 to 27, in which it can be seen that said tongue -58- has two substantially parallel faces -59- and -60-, which end at ends where they are observed, on the one hand, a prominent sharp tooth - 61- and a protruding pin towards the top -62-, while the other end has two flat faces -63- and -64- forming an obtuse angle. With this arrangement, the introduction of a bar will serve to force the tongue to occupy the retention position, and to release the coupling device a manual lifting action of the tongue will necessarily be required. Thus, for example, representing in figure 27 the entry position of the end of the bar -65-, provided with the hole -66-, when acting on the tooth -61-, will cause the tongue to swing, becoming occupied the position shown in figure 26, until the extension -62- protrudes through the upper part of the support -56-, position indicated in figure 25. In this position and when the bar end of the rod continues , this will propel said projection -62- necessarily causing the tongue to swing down occupying the position of figure 24, in which, as it is to be seen, the same tooth -61- will prevent the retraction of the end of the bar - 65-, that is, a non-detachable union will have been constituted.

Claims (9)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 55 60 65 1. Facade scaffolding, of the type composed of multiple tubular elements, interconnected with each other, constituting a scaffold (1) fixed on the facade and arranged parallel to it, giving rise to different levels of work on the facade, determined by platforms service, comprising a plurality of removable frames (2.12) and non-removable rectangular frames (2 ', 2 "), in transverse arrangement to the plane of the façade and related to each other by horizontal and diagonal bars, with intermediate devices safety coupling, not removable spontaneously (27,28,29,30,56,58), whose frames (2,12) and rectangular frames (2 ', 2 ") directly support platforms (4,4', 4") of passage to one or the other of the outer or inner sides of the frames (2 ', 2 "), vertically adjustable brackets (5,6) carrying other service platforms (7,8), whose platforms (4,4' , 4 ", 7.8) have fixed base plates (36.37) in at least one, of its edges, the removable frames (2.12) comprise vertical elements (10) and the rectangular frames (2 ', 2 ") comprise vertical elements, the vertical elements of the spanning frames (2', 2") being associated of facade by means of beams (72) mounted directly on them, the vertical elements (10) of the porches (2.12) being able to receive at their upper ends structures (12) for the service platforms or fixed carrier beams of lower couplings (13,14) for the ends of said vertical elements (10) and other upper couplings (17,18,19) to receive another rectangular frame (2 ', 2 "), characterized in that said scaffolding also has fences ( 79) safety specials attachable to two successive frames (2 ', 2 ") of the scaffolding in the part that corresponds to upper nodes of the frames (2', 2"), determining provisional fences (79) of protection in a superior platform , presenting these elements see ticals of the frames (2 ', 2 ") multiple rings (20,20') distributed longitudinally intended to receive brackets (5,6) carrying service platforms (7,8) which are equipped on their vertical side of hooks (21,22) for its suspension in the rings (20,20 ') of the vertical elements of the frames (2', 2 "), also presenting said brackets (5,6) on the vertical side itself a clamp (23 ) for attachment to the corresponding frame (2 ', 2 "), and because the separation of the hooks (21,22) is half the separation of the rings (20,20') from the frames (2 ', 2 "). 2. Facade scaffolding according to claim 1, characterized in that the beams of the structures (12) have a variable number of upper couplings (18), said couplings being movable on the beam for adapting the scaffolding to the façade line and their outgoing bodies. 3. Facade scaffolding according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical elements (10) of the frames (2.12) are integrated by a vertical tubular element internally attachable to a base (3) adjustable on the ground seat and that it presents superiorly stems (15,16) projections intended to receive the interconnection beam of two vertical elements (10). 4. Facade scaffolding, according to claim 1, characterized in that the safety coupling devices (56,58) have parallelepiped projections in which recessed pivot tabs grooves (58) are integrated, capable of being arranged in the position of retention by the passage of the terminal end (65) of the bar itself, the tongue (58) having a profile with two parallel faces (59,60), said faces ending at ends, one of said ends having a sharp tooth (61) prominent and one limb (62), and the other end has two flat faces (63.64). 5. Facade scaffolding according to claim 1, characterized in that each service platform (4,4 ', 4 ", 7,8) is constituted by elements (67) of non-slip sheet with cross section in C and at the ends they have reinforcement transverse drawer structures (69), on whose external faces corresponding to the ends of the platform (4,4 ', 4 ", 7,8) supports (32) are arranged for centering on the elements (34) upper tubular frames (2 ', 2 "), also presenting stops (35) anti-roll projections. 6. Facade scaffolding according to claim 5, characterized in that the platforms (4,4 ', 4 ", 7,8) comprise an arrangement of through rods (70) that cross the inner side and the lower side of the structures ( 69) of drawer, said rods (70) being provided with extreme limitation heads (39) and being capable of adopting a mounting position in which the rod (70) is suspended from the hole of the internal wall of the structure (69 ) of drawer and a service position in which the rod (70) is removed, abutting internally with the tubular element (34) of the frames (2 ', 2 ") and limited by the stopper of the other end of the rod (70). 7. Facade scaffolding according to claim 1, characterized in that the special security fences (79) comprise two vertical uprights (80,81) provided with protection crossbars (86) and which are internally capable of being suspended by hooks ( 21,22) on the rings (20,20 ') of the upper part of two successive frames (2', 2 "), having supports (84,85) at their lower ends capable of fitting laterally on the frames (2 ' , 2 ") in which it is coupled, allowing the mounting of the provisional protection fence (79) on the upper platform from the lower part of the fence and its subsequent transfer to higher levels to achieve provisional protection fences (79). 8. Facade scaffolding, according to claim 1, characterized in that the beams (72) mounted on frames (2 ', 2 ") that limit facade openings are coupled by suspension, at the longitudinally precise point according to the length of the opening, in the side arms (77,78) of a supplementary piece (49,50) coupled to each of the frames (2 ', 2 "), whose additional parts (49.50) are in turn suspended from the rings (20.20') of said frames (2 ', 2"). 9. Facade scaffolding according to claim 8, characterized in that said supplementary parts (49.50) 5 have a central element provided superiorly with a suspension hook (73) on the rings (20,20 ') of the frames (2 ', 2 "), presenting an arched or U-shaped profile (76) at the bottom for centering on the frame itself (2', 2") and having lateral arms (77.78) in the intermediate zone for the suspension of the beams (72).