ES3032986T3 - Optimization method for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for optimizing combustion in an internal combustion engine based on the use of a component located near the fuel chamber, which results in a better combustion reaction. The method comprises, in particular, the steps required to configure the component. (Automatic translation with Google Translate, no legal value)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Method for optimizing combustion in an internal combustion engine

Object of the invention

The present invention is a method for optimizing combustion in an internal combustion engine based on the use of a component located close to the fuel chamber, which results in a better combustion reaction. The method comprises the steps required to configure the component.

Background of the invention

One of the most intensively developed fields of technology is the optimization of combustion processes to promote lower pollutant emissions and increased energy efficiency.

One of the combustion processes with the greatest impact is that which occurs in the combustion chamber of internal combustion engines in vehicles, especially due to the high volume of vehicles on the road. There is increasing pressure to harness the energy capacity of fuel by optimizing combustion.

One of the areas of work for improving combustion is focused on the mixing processes between fuel and oxidizer. The more homogeneous the mixture, the easier it is for the fuel and oxidizer molecules to come into contact, facilitating the combustion reaction of most of the fuel molecules, especially when lean mixtures below stoichiometric values are used.

Examples of improvements in mixing processes include those that occurred with the introduction of fuel injection. In the past, carburetor mixing was heavily dependent on atmospheric conditions, and its regulation was highly technical and prone to deviations from its optimal operating point.

The introduction of high-pressure injection has allowed fuel to be delivered with very precise dosage, and the micro-droplet atomization of the fuel promotes a very high mixture density.

There are even known systems that incorporate up to two or three injectors per combustion chamber to achieve progressive injection during the compression phase and even after ignition, thus making fuel delivery more flexible under different operating regimes of the internal combustion engine and with a filling rate that can also vary as the deflagration progresses.

Another line of research seeking to improve mixing processes involves increasing the turbulence of the intake flow at the chamber inlet. These flows with greater mixing capacity must ensure that pressure loss is not penalized, since a pressure loss also implies a reduction in the chamber's filling capacity before the compression phase, since the amount of air or fuel introduced into the chamber is proportional to the engine's power output.

Combustion chamber filling is another strategy for improving internal combustion engine performance. Conventional solutions for increasing filling involve increasing inlet pressure, which increases air density and therefore chamber filling.

When boosting pressure using turbochargers, it is necessary to control the temperature rise caused by the pressure increase, since a rise in temperature during the pre-compression phase reduces air density, achieving the opposite effect to that sought.

To solve this problem of temperature rise, heat exchangers are used. Operating at a pressure above atmospheric pressure, they reduce the temperature by evacuating heat. Two- or multi-stage turbochargers are commonly used, so that, between each compression stage, the temperature is reduced with intermediate stages of a heat exchanger, preferably a radiator.

Finally, another line of work aimed at improving the performance of internal combustion engines is to consider combustion as a chemical reaction between oxidizer and fuel. Most of the proposed solutions involve incorporating fuel additives that catalyze the combustion reaction, for example, by increasing the reaction rate of one or more intermediate components.

In this case, additives are expensive, which increases the already high price of fuel.

The present invention overcomes these drawbacks by increasing efficiency and torque in an internal combustion engine by acting at the molecular level in the fuel without the use of additives.

Description of the invention

A first aspect of the invention is a method of preparing a metal part using the following elements:

- at least one graphic pattern;

- at least a first container with a first liquid;

- at least a second container with a second liquid;

- a device comprising:

an input for capturing an electromagnetic signal captured through an input antenna configured to capture emission radiation from a given object;

an output for applying an excitation signal to an output antenna configured to apply electromagnetic emission radiation to a given object;

where the device is adapted to amplify and process the signal received through the input and, after processing, provide the processed signal through the output;

- a metal piece.

The metal part should be positioned close to the mixing point of the fuel and intake air of the internal combustion engine, such that the mixture is under the influence of the metal part, which acts on the reactant molecules, improving the reaction rate. This influence, in preferred examples, is less than 1 meter, and more preferably less than 25 cm, and most preferably less than 10 cm.

The metal part is in resonance following a treatment process. Being in resonance should be understood as the part having the capacity to emit an electromagnetic signal at at least one frequency for a period of time. Likewise, when subjected to an electromagnetic field caused by an antenna, it is capable of entering resonance at the antenna's excitation frequency, maintaining the signal for a period of time.

This treatment of the metal part includes the following stages:

a) adding the at least one graphic pattern on the surface of the at least one first container with the first liquid;

b) freeze the first liquid in at least the first container;

c) placing the at least one first container with the first frozen liquid on the input antenna of the device and placing the at least one second container with the second liquid on the output antenna of the device; d) putting the device into operating mode for a predetermined period of time, where the output signal of the device is established by amplifying the input signal;

e) freeze the second liquid in at least the second container;

f) place at least one second container with the second frozen liquid on the input antenna and the metal piece on the output antenna;

g) putting the device into operating mode for a preset period of time, where the output signal of the device is established by amplifying the input signal.

In a first step, a graphic pattern is incorporated onto the surface of at least one first container containing the first liquid. One specific way of incorporating the graphic pattern onto the first container is by means of an adhesive that joins a sheet on which the graphic pattern is printed and the first container.

The presence of the graphic pattern interferes with the molecular ordering of the first liquid stored in the first container, especially when the first liquid is a polarizable liquid, and more preferably water.

This molecular arrangement is ensured by freezing the first liquid stored in the first container. While the freezing condition prevents the molecules of the first liquid from moving, it does not prevent them from vibrating in resonance, even though this causes a weak signal.

The next step places the at least one first container with the first frozen liquid on the input antenna of the device such that the device receives through the input antenna a resonant signal with at least one frequency spectrum containing a frequency component dependent on the first liquid and the graphic pattern.

The input antenna of the device is excited by the first container causing a signal that is amplified by the device to give rise to an amplified output signal intended to feed the output antenna.

The output antenna, excited by the device, emits a signal of at least the excitation frequency of the input antenna, which is applied to a second liquid stored in a container. The liquid responds by entering resonance according to a predetermined pattern dependent on the frequency spectrum emitted by the output antenna. After a predetermined time, it is frozen to preserve the generated pattern.

In a subsequent step, the second frozen container is placed on the input antenna to generate a new resonant signal. The metal part is now placed on the output antenna so that the input signal generated by the second container is amplified again and applied to the metal part amplified by the device, which is maintained in this state for a predetermined time.

The device has the ability to amplify the input signal received at the input antenna and feed the output antenna with this amplified signal.

According to embodiments, the device can process the input signal, including:

- filtering the input signal by eliminating those components that have a frequency outside a preset range;

- apply a high-pass filter;

- apply a low-pass filter;

- invert the signal.

Each time an element is placed on the input antenna and another on the output antenna with the device in operating mode, a residence time is established where times that have been proven effective are at least 30 seconds, more preferably at least 1 minute, more preferably 5 minutes, more preferably 10 minutes, more preferably 15 minutes, more preferably 30 minutes.

Once the metal part has been treated, this metal part can be placed in operational mode in an area proximal to the internal combustion engine, more specifically to at least one of the combustion chambers of said internal combustion engine.

Description of the drawings

These and other features and advantages of the invention will become more clearly apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment, given solely as an illustrative and non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying figures.

Figure 1 This figure shows schematically the first stages of the metal part preparation method.

Figure 2 This figure shows schematically some final stages of the metal part preparation method.

Figure 3 This figure shows an example of graphic patterns used in a preferred embodiment.

Figure 4 This figure shows a configuration of one of the preferred metal part surfaces.

Figure 5 This figure shows a comparison of the increase in torque of an internal combustion engine in which a previously prepared metal part is placed in a position proximal to the combustion chamber.

Figures 5a and 5b These figures show the power and torque curves respectively of a Renault Clio 1.5 dCi without using the metal part.

Figures 5c and 5d These figures show the power and torque curves of the same engine, the Renault Clio 1.5 dCi, modified by the action of the metal part adapted to act on the engine. Figures 6a and 6b These figures show the power and torque curves respectively of a Kia Stonic 1.0 T-GDI without using the metal part.

Figures 6c and 6d These figures show the power and torque curves of the same engine, the Kia Stonic 1.0 T-GDI, modified by the action of the metal part adapted to act on the engine. Figures 7a and 7b These figures show the efficiency curves, measured as fuel consumption per unit of energy delivered (gr/Kwh), with and without the metal part adapted to act on the engine of the previous example, the Kia Stonic 1.0 T-GDI.

Detailed exposition of the invention

The present invention, according to the first inventive aspect, is a method of optimizing combustion in an internal combustion engine.

As shown schematically in Figure 1, the method makes use of a device (4) comprising an input (4.1) adapted to receive a signal captured through an input antenna (4.1.1), the input antenna (4.1.1) configured to capture an electromagnetic signal from an object located in a position proximal to the input antenna (4.1.1).

In this embodiment, the supporting element on which an object capable of emitting an electromagnetic signal is placed is represented by a first support (4.1.2) located on the antenna (4.1.1).

The signal entering through the input (4.1) is processed by the device (4), in particular by amplifying it, to emit the amplified signal through an output (4.2) that feeds an output antenna (4.2.1) which in turn emits an electromagnetic signal that propagates by radiating in particular any object that is placed on a second support (4.2.2).

Examples of devices such as the one described and marketed include the BICOM bioresonance equipment. Figure 1 shows a first container (2) containing a first liquid. In this embodiment, water will be used because it is a polarizable substance in an electric field and provides a higher signal response.

The first container (2) has a label attached by adhesive, this label containing a graphic pattern (1). Examples of graphic patterns are those shown in Figure 3, in particular 64 symbols formed by the stacked combination of the symbol shown in the top row, on its own column, on top of the corresponding symbol in the first column, at the same height as its own row. The patterns thus formed are known as the hexagrams of the I-CHING coding.

In this embodiment, a total of 64 first containers (2) containing water will be used, each of them incorporating a different graphic pattern (1) from among the 64 graphic patterns in figure 3.

For each of these first containers (2) thus prepared, the water they contain is influenced by the pattern, establishing a molecular arrangement that allows it to enter into resonance, emitting a weak electromagnetic signal dependent on the graphic pattern (1).

Each of the first containers (2) has been stored for a period of at least 1 minute, more preferably at least 5 minutes, more preferably 1 hour, more preferably 12 hours, more preferably 24 hours, by storing them in a freezer that preserves the resonance pattern of the water. Each of the first containers (2) should preferably be stored in such a way that it is shielded from electromagnetic fields, for example by a Faraday cage or in a metal casing such as aluminum foil.

To observe how the structure of water is modified in the presence of the graphic pattern (1), an example is the use of a dark field microscope with a minimum magnification of 4 million.

Once the first 64 containers (2) have their contents frozen, a total of 64 intermediate stages are carried out, one for each first frozen container (2).

This intermediate stage incorporates, as shown in figure 1, the first container (2) on the first support (4.1.2) and puts the device (4) in operating mode by amplifying the signal captured in the input antenna (4.1.1) to feed the output antenna (4.2.1) that emits the amplified signal. The amplified signal affects a second container (3) that is placed in operating mode on the second support (4.2.2). Each intermediate stage has kept, for each first container, the device (4) operational for a minimum of 3 minutes, preferably a minimum of 5 minutes, preferably a minimum of 10 minutes, preferably a minimum of 12 minutes, preferably a minimum of 15 minutes, period after which the first frozen container (2) has been replaced by another one keeping the second container (3). After this process, the second container (3) processed by the device (4) is frozen.

At the end of this intermediate stage, the result is a second container (3) processed and frozen that contains the information transmitted from the first 64 containers (2).

Once these 64 intermediate stages have been completed, a new additional stage is executed. This additional stage is shown schematically in figure 2, where it is shown how the second container (3) is placed on the first support (4.1.2) and the metal piece (5) on the second support (4.2.2). In this additional stage, the metal piece (5) is placed on the second support (4.2.2) while the device (4) is in operating mode, amplifying the signal received by the first input antenna (4.1.1) for at least 5 minutes, more preferably a minimum of 10 minutes, more preferably a minimum of 15 minutes, more preferably a minimum of 18 minutes, more preferably a minimum of 20 minutes.

Once this process is completed, the metal part (5) is adapted to, once placed in a position proximal to at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, modify the combustion behavior, improving the engine's response.

According to a preferred example of the invention, the output antenna (4.2.1) additionally incorporates a magnet that resonates with said antenna, enhancing the transfer of energy to metallic elements. This example is preferably used in the second transfer from the second container (3) to the metallic part (5).

According to another embodiment, the device (4) comprises a specific output antenna that already incorporates the magnet to irradiate metals and is used in the last stage in which the metal piece (5) is placed in the output antenna.

The accumulation of processing stages with containers that have started from different graphic patterns (1) increase the radiation spectra applied to the metal part, improving the engine's performance to a greater degree.

In this embodiment, the metal part (5) is an aluminum disc in which one of its faces has a relief in the form of a pattern known as "the flower of life" and shown in Figure 4. It has been observed in experimental tests that a pattern configured in this way has a longer duration in its effect on the combustion chamber. Alternatively, fractal patterns in the relief of one of the faces of the metal part are considered suitable. The device (4) used in this preferred example has an amplification factor of at least 24 and has preferably been configured to have an amplification factor of at least 50 and more preferably with an amplification factor of 64.

Both the first containers (2) and the second container (3) are ampoules, as shown in figures 1 and 2.

The freezing phase of both the first containers (2) and the second container (3) has required intermediate protection with a metal sheet, preferably an aluminum sheet shielding the containers (2, 3) from external radiation.

Once the metal part (5) was adapted, tests were carried out on used vehicles to check its effectiveness by measuring both the torque and the power delivered in the operating range of engine revolutions. For each engine, two tests were carried out, one without placing the metal part (5) in a position proximal to the combustion chamber and a second test placing the metal part (5) close to the combustion chamber.

The first test was performed on a Renault Clio 1.5 dCi engine (68 hp - 50 kW), with a nominal power of 68 hp. The atmospheric pressure was 941,742 hPa and the ambient temperature was 22°C. Both tests were performed on a PHIVEHICLE engine bench to verify the actual response curves.

Figure 5a shows the power in the first test without bringing the metal part (5) close to the engine. The power curve is shown superimposed on three smooth reference curves: a lower curve, an upper curve, and a smoother intermediate curve. The power curve fluctuates more than the reference curves. The two are distinguished by a label (Pot) located above the figure.

Figure 5b shows the torque curve also in the first test without bringing the metal part (5) close to the motor. In this case, the torque curve is also superimposed on three smooth reference curves: a lower curve, an upper curve, and a smoother intermediate curve. The torque curve fluctuates more than the reference curves. The two curves are distinguished by a label (Torque) located above the figure.

In both cases, the curves only exceed the upper limit at the end of the engine, at maximum revs. Both curves start at a speed of around 2,000 rpm and reach the cut-off speed at around 4,200 rpm. This test found a maximum power of 74.9 hp (at 4,079 rpm) and a maximum torque of 154.2 Nm (at 2,568 rpm).

The results of the second test are shown in Figures 5c and 5d for the power and torque curves, respectively. These second curves demonstrate the improvement in both power and torque. The reference curves (lower, upper, and middle) are superimposed on the curves, which are exactly the same as the reference curves in Figures 5a and 5b to allow for easier comparison.

These second curves show how, in both cases, the power and torque curves exceed the upper reference curve over a wide range at mid- and high revs. In particular, power reaches a maximum of 79 hp at 4,051 rpm (even at lower revs) and torque reaches 165.2 Nm (at 2,698 rpm). Not only are higher peak values achieved, but both curves show higher power and torque values in the mid- and high-rev ranges.

The third test was performed on a Kia Sonic 1.0 T-GDI engine (120 hp - 88 kW), with a rated power of 120 hp. The atmospheric pressure was 943,214 hPa and the ambient temperature was 20°C. Both the third and fourth tests were performed on a PHIVEHICLE test bench to verify the actual response curves. Figure 6a shows the power in the third test without bringing the metal part (5) close to the engine. The power curve is shown superimposed on three smooth reference curves: a lower curve, an upper curve, and a smoother intermediate curve. The power curve fluctuates more than the reference curves. They are distinguished from each other by a label (Pot) located above the figure.

Figure 6b also shows the torque curve in the third test without bringing the metal part (5) close to the motor. In this case, the torque curve is also superimposed on three smooth reference curves: a lower curve, an upper curve, and a smoother intermediate curve. The torque curve fluctuates more than the reference curves. The two curves are distinguished by a label (Torque) located above the figure.

In both cases the curves will be above the middle reference curve, slightly above, and far from the upper reference curve, only approaching the upper curve in its final part at maximum rpm.

Both curves start at a speed of around 1,500 rpm until reaching the cut-off speed, which does not reach 6,300 rpm.

In this test, a maximum power of 123.2 HP (at 5722 rpm) and a maximum torque of 178.8 N*m (at 3452 rpm) were found.

The results of the fourth test are shown in Figures 6c and 6d for the power and torque curves, respectively. These curves, relative to the fourth test, show improvements in both power and torque. The reference curves (lower, upper, and middle) are superimposed on the curves, which are exactly the same as the reference curves in Figures 6a and 6b to allow for easier comparison.

These second curves show how, in both cases, the power and torque curves closely resemble the upper reference curve over a wide range from low to high revs, even slightly exceeding this upper reference curve at high revs. In particular, power reaches a maximum of 129.7 hp (at 5,671 rpm) (even at lower revs) and torque reaches 189.3 Nm (at 2,778 rpm).

In this second test, efficiency data is also available, such as fuel consumption measured in grams per work delivered by the engine, that is, per kilowatt-hour.

Figure 7a shows the efficiency curve in the range of engine rotation speeds also represented on three reference curves, a lower curve, an upper curve and an intermediate curve.

These curves serve as a reference to observe how the real curve changes (which presents important variations with respect to the rotation speed), when comparing it in two situations, a first situation where the metal piece is not used, the one shown in figure 7a, and a second situation where the metal piece (5) is used, the one shown in figure 7b.

Regardless of whether power and torque can be improved, these graphs are highly representative, as they show a significant reduction in fuel consumption, reflecting increased efficiency. That is, the curve shown in Figure 7a starts from a value above the intermediate reference curve and drops to between the lower and intermediate reference curves for low and medium engine speeds. Following this evolution, fuel consumption increases until the curve is close to the upper reference curve, then decreases but remains close to the intermediate curve before reaching the engine's cut-off values.

In contrast, the curve shown in Figure 7b already starts from a much lower fuel consumption value, between the lower and intermediate reference curves, evolving close to the lower reference curve for low and medium speeds. The subsequent increase in fuel consumption, instead of reaching the upper reference curve, is located on the intermediate reference curve, then drops back to the lower reference curve.

It is therefore observed that fuel consumption decreases drastically at low, medium and high engine speeds, thereby increasing the efficiency thus measured (gr/Kwh).

If we look at the maximum efficiency, it occurs at the curve's minimum. That is, the lowest fuel consumption. In the curve shown in Figure 7a, the highest efficiency is 261.9 g/kWh at 3452 rpm.

The minimum fuel consumption in Figure 7b, when using the metal part (5), is 249.6 g/kWh at 2968 rpm. While the reduction is significant at the minimum fuel consumption position, what is most relevant is that the reduction in fuel consumption occurs noticeably throughout the engine's speed range.

Claims (15)

1. - Method of preparing a metal piece using the following elements: - at least one graphic pattern (1); - at least a first container (2) with a first liquid; - at least a second container (3) with a second liquid; - a device (4) comprising: an input (4.1) for capturing an electromagnetic signal captured through an input antenna (4.1.1) configured to capture emission radiation from a certain object; an output (4.2) for applying an excitation signal to an output antenna (4.2.1) configured to apply electromagnetic emission radiation to a given object; where the device (4) is adapted for the amplification and processing of the signal received through the input (4.1) and, after its processing, providing the processed signal through the output (4.2); - a metal piece (5); where the method comprises: a) adding the at least one graphic pattern (1) on the surface of the at least one first container (2) with the first liquid; b) freeze the first liquid of the at least first container (2); c) placing the at least one first container (2) with the first frozen liquid in the input antenna (4.1.1) of the device (4) and placing the at least one second container (3) with the second liquid in the output antenna (4.2.1) of the device (4); d) putting the device (4) into operating mode for a pre-established period of time, where the output signal of the device (4) is established by amplifying the input signal; e) freeze the second liquid in at least the second container. f) place the at least one second container (2) with the second frozen liquid in the input antenna (4.1.1) and the metal piece (5) in the output antenna (4.2.1); g) putting the device (4) into operating mode for a pre-established period of time, where the output signal of the device (4) is established by amplifying the input signal. 2. - Method according to claim 1, comprising: - a plurality of distinct graphic patterns (1) and a plurality of first containers (2), with the first liquid; - step a) adds each graphic pattern (1) to a distinct first container (2); - freezing step b) is applied to the plurality of first containers (2); - steps c) and d) are applied sequentially for each first container (2) located in the input antenna (4.1.1) of the device (4) and for the same second container (3) located in the output antenna (4.2.1). 3. - Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first liquid, the second liquid or both liquids is a polarizable substance. 4. - Method according to the preceding claim, wherein the first liquid, the second liquid or both liquids is water. 5. - Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the graphic pattern is a hexagram of the I-CHING coding. 6. - Method according to the preceding claim, wherein the plurality of graphic patterns corresponds to all the hexagrams of the I-CHING coding. 7. - Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the metal piece is configured according to a disc, preferably made of aluminum. 8. - Method according to the preceding claim, wherein one of the faces of the disc has a relief in the form of a continuous pattern. 9. - Method according to claim 8, wherein the relief is the pattern identified as “the flower of life”. 10. - Method according to claim 8, wherein the pattern is a fractal. 11. - Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the amplification factor of the amplification device (3) is at least 25, more preferably greater than 50, more preferably greater than 64. 12. - Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first containers (2) are ampoules. 13.- Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the freezing process of any of the containers (2, 3) includes the protection of each container by means of an aluminum sheet. <14.- Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the addition of a graphic pattern (1) on the surface of at least one first container (2) with the first liquid of step a) is applied by printing the pattern on a sticker which in turn is adhered to the first container (2). 15.- Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the output antenna (4.2.1), preferably when used with the metal piece (5), comprises a magnet close to the antenna to enhance the transmitted energy.