ES352465A1 - Improvements in the production of vinyl chloride polymers - Google Patents
Improvements in the production of vinyl chloride polymersInfo
- Publication number
- ES352465A1 ES352465A1 ES352465A ES352465A ES352465A1 ES 352465 A1 ES352465 A1 ES 352465A1 ES 352465 A ES352465 A ES 352465A ES 352465 A ES352465 A ES 352465A ES 352465 A1 ES352465 A1 ES 352465A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- water
- acid
- solvents
- peroxide
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title abstract 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- ZQMIGQNCOMNODD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)=O ZQMIGQNCOMNODD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PAOHAQSLJSMLAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylperoxybutane Chemical group CCCCOOCCCC PAOHAQSLJSMLAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- MKTOIPPVFPJEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-carboxypropanoylperoxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical group OC(=O)CCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCC(O)=O MKTOIPPVFPJEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 acetyl peroxide Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N aconitic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract 1
- GMGLYSIINJPYLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-one;propan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)=O.CCC(C)=O GMGLYSIINJPYLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
- C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
- C11D10/042—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on anionic surface-active compounds and soap
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
- B01D19/04—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
- B01D19/04—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
- B01D19/0404—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/02—Monomers containing chlorine
- C08F214/04—Monomers containing two carbon atoms
- C08F214/06—Vinyl chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F22/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
- C11D1/06—Ether- or thioether carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
- C11D1/10—Amino carboxylic acids; Imino carboxylic acids; Fatty acid condensates thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
Vinyl chloride polymers containing free carboxyl groups are prepared by copolymerizing vinyl chloride and a monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, or an anhydride or acid chloride of such an acid, or a partial ester of a monoethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acid, alone or together with other copolymerizable monomers in the presence of a dispersing agent and a polymerization catalyst and in an aqueous medium containing from 5 to 25% by weight of a water-miscible organic solvent or mixture of solvents based on the weight of water. Suitable monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids include maleic, fumaric, acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, itaconic and aconitic acids and the proportion of said acid, acid anhydride, acid chloride or partial ester is preferably between 0,3% and 10% of the total weight of polymerizable compounds employed. Suitable water-miscible organic solvents are low molecular weight alcohols, glycols, esters of low molecular weight, e.g. methyl acetate, and ketones, e.g. acetone methyl ethyl ketone. Mixtures of two or more of these solvents may be used and other organic solvents which are normally substantially immiscible with water may also be added in small quantities to the water-miscible solvent or solvents. Dispersion agents mentioned are gelatine, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, methyl cellulose, glycol cellulose and other high molecular weight water-soluble polymers such as polyalkylene oxides. Polymerization catalysts which may be used include organic peroxides and hydroperoxides, e.g. acetyl peroxide, tertiary butyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide and succinyl peroxide, hyponitrous esters, e.g. benzyl hyponitrile and azo compounds having molecules containing the group >C-N=N-C< in which the two carbon atoms are non-aromatic in character, e.g. a , a 1-bis-(a , g -dimethyl valeronitrile) and azo di-isobutyronitrile. The catalyst may be added to the monomeric materials as a solution in an organic solvent. Chain-transfer agents, e.g. chloroform and tetrachloroethylene, may be added. Small proportions of other polymerizable compounds may be included, e.g. vinyl esters of saturated monocarboxylic acids, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile the proportion employed should not exceed 40% of the total weight of polymerizable compounds employed. The products of the invention may be used as heat-sealable coatings on aluminium foil, lacquers for beer cans and for coating glass and wood surfaces.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU53379A LU53379A1 (en) | 1967-04-07 | 1967-04-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES352465A1 true ES352465A1 (en) | 1969-09-16 |
Family
ID=19725174
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES352465A Expired ES352465A1 (en) | 1967-04-07 | 1968-04-05 | Improvements in the production of vinyl chloride polymers |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT282783B (en) |
| BE (2) | BE713270A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH499617A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1767143B2 (en) |
| DK (2) | DK125431B (en) |
| ES (1) | ES352465A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI49834C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1577358A (en) |
| GB (2) | GB924645A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE32003B1 (en) |
| LU (1) | LU53379A1 (en) |
| NL (3) | NL153270B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO124882B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE348219B (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3819538A (en) * | 1972-05-15 | 1974-06-25 | Dow Chemical Co | Environmentally compatible laundry detergent |
| GB1432137A (en) | 1972-06-13 | 1976-04-14 | Chem Y | Detergent compositions |
| GB1564507A (en) * | 1976-01-16 | 1980-04-10 | Unilever Ltd | Detergent composition |
| NL8203257A (en) * | 1982-08-19 | 1984-03-16 | Chem Y | NEW POLYETHERCARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS. |
| NL8301389A (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1984-11-16 | Chem Y | NEW LIQUID IODOPHORS. |
| DE3703258A1 (en) * | 1987-02-04 | 1988-08-18 | Eau De Cologne & Parfuemerie Fabrik 4711 | Soap-based personal care products |
| US4877544A (en) * | 1987-04-17 | 1989-10-31 | Lever Brothers Company | Oxidation stable surfactants |
| FR2617862B1 (en) * | 1987-07-09 | 1994-01-07 | Sandoz Sa | BUILDER FREE DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS |
| DE3905939A1 (en) * | 1989-02-25 | 1990-08-30 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | TENSIDE COMBINATION |
| US5298195A (en) * | 1992-03-09 | 1994-03-29 | Amway Corporation | Liquid dishwashing detergent |
| TW363978B (en) * | 1994-05-06 | 1999-07-11 | Akzo Nobel Nv | A method of radically (co)polymerizing at least one vinyl halide or vinylidene halide |
| WO2023025766A1 (en) | 2021-08-25 | 2023-03-02 | Unilever Ip Holdings B.V. | Detergent composition |
| EP4392517A1 (en) | 2021-08-25 | 2024-07-03 | Unilever IP Holdings B.V. | Detergent composition |
-
0
- BE BE609934D patent/BE609934A/xx unknown
- NL NL270987D patent/NL270987A/xx unknown
- DK DK125431D patent/DK125431A/da unknown
- NL NL124882D patent/NL124882C/xx active
-
1960
- 1960-11-04 GB GB3795060A patent/GB924645A/en not_active Expired
-
1967
- 1967-04-07 LU LU53379A patent/LU53379A1/xx unknown
-
1968
- 1968-03-27 CH CH451268A patent/CH499617A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-04-01 IE IE37068A patent/IE32003B1/en unknown
- 1968-04-03 NL NL6804638A patent/NL153270B/en unknown
- 1968-04-04 FR FR1577358D patent/FR1577358A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-04-04 BE BE713270D patent/BE713270A/xx unknown
- 1968-04-04 GB GB1628868A patent/GB1169496A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-04-05 FI FI93868A patent/FI49834C/en active
- 1968-04-05 NO NO134868A patent/NO124882B/no unknown
- 1968-04-05 DE DE19681767143 patent/DE1767143B2/en active Pending
- 1968-04-05 ES ES352465A patent/ES352465A1/en not_active Expired
- 1968-04-05 AT AT334268A patent/AT282783B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-04-05 DK DK152968A patent/DK125431B/en unknown
- 1968-04-05 SE SE463368A patent/SE348219B/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK125431B (en) | 1973-02-19 |
| GB924645A (en) | 1963-04-24 |
| FI49834B (en) | 1975-06-30 |
| NL124882C (en) | |
| NL6804638A (en) | 1968-10-08 |
| IE32003B1 (en) | 1973-03-07 |
| NL153270B (en) | 1977-05-16 |
| SE348219B (en) | 1972-08-28 |
| NO124882B (en) | 1972-06-19 |
| GB1169496A (en) | 1969-11-05 |
| DE1767143A1 (en) | 1971-08-19 |
| AT282783B (en) | 1970-07-10 |
| CH499617A (en) | 1970-11-30 |
| IE32003L (en) | 1968-10-07 |
| NL270987A (en) | |
| LU53379A1 (en) | 1968-11-27 |
| DK125431A (en) | |
| FR1577358A (en) | 1969-08-08 |
| DE1767143B2 (en) | 1976-12-23 |
| FI49834C (en) | 1975-10-10 |
| BE609934A (en) | |
| BE713270A (en) | 1968-10-04 |
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