FI66027C - Foerfarande foer avlaegsnande av orenheter ur koppar kadmium och kobolt innehaollande zinkelektrolyt - Google Patents
Foerfarande foer avlaegsnande av orenheter ur koppar kadmium och kobolt innehaollande zinkelektrolyt Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI66027C FI66027C FI794056A FI794056A FI66027C FI 66027 C FI66027 C FI 66027C FI 794056 A FI794056 A FI 794056A FI 794056 A FI794056 A FI 794056A FI 66027 C FI66027 C FI 66027C
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- arsenic
- electrolyte
- filtrate
- leach
- Prior art date
Links
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 175
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 155
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 142
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- LHBPLFWXEXNIJU-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;trioxido(oxo)-$l^{5}-arsane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O.[O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O LHBPLFWXEXNIJU-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 72
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 71
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 61
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 33
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 21
- HJTAZXHBEBIQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-bis(chloromethyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCl)=CC=CC2=C1CCl HJTAZXHBEBIQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic trioxide Inorganic materials O1[As]2O[As]1O2 GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 13
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229940030341 copper arsenate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- RKYSWCFUYJGIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-H copper(ii) arsenate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O.[O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O RKYSWCFUYJGIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- YAVWDJDEOLOYQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOOOOOOOO Chemical compound OOOOOOOOOO YAVWDJDEOLOYQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JEMGLEPMXOIVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic copper Chemical compound [Cu].[As] JEMGLEPMXOIVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052935 jarosite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 zinc arsenates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KYARBIJYVGJZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-amino-4-hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 KYARBIJYVGJZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Arsenate3- Chemical compound [O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001424392 Lucia limbaria Species 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUGRPPRAQNPSQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOOO Chemical compound OOOOO KUGRPPRAQNPSQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZBZONOEYUBXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOOOOOOO Chemical compound OOOOOOOOO OZBZONOEYUBXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTYZCUMXOXNVSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO Chemical compound OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO RTYZCUMXOXNVSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXEPVHXXBMDAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO Chemical compound OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO LXEPVHXXBMDAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940000489 arsenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012045 crude solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zn] IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G28/00—Compounds of arsenic
- C01G28/02—Arsenates; Arsenites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
- C22B3/46—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes by substitution, e.g. by cementation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B30/00—Obtaining antimony, arsenic or bismuth
- C22B30/04—Obtaining arsenic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/075,081 US4240826A (en) | 1979-09-13 | 1979-09-13 | Process for the recovery of arsenic as a zinc arsenate and its _utilization in the purification of zinc plant electrolytes |
| US7508179 | 1979-09-13 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI794056A7 FI794056A7 (fi) | 1981-03-14 |
| FI66027B FI66027B (fi) | 1984-04-30 |
| FI66027C true FI66027C (fi) | 1984-08-10 |
Family
ID=22123426
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI794056A FI66027C (fi) | 1979-09-13 | 1979-12-27 | Foerfarande foer avlaegsnande av orenheter ur koppar kadmium och kobolt innehaollande zinkelektrolyt |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4240826A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0025466B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPS5641337A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU539409B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR7908416A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA1146906A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE2966696D1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES494981A0 (de) |
| FI (1) | FI66027C (de) |
| IE (1) | IE51183B1 (de) |
| MX (1) | MX153202A (de) |
| NO (1) | NO153062C (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA796771B (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5182023A (en) * | 1991-10-17 | 1993-01-26 | Texas Romec, Inc. | Process for removing arsenic from water |
| US5415847A (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1995-05-16 | Gem, Inc. | Treatment of pit waste containing chromated copper arsenate |
| WO1996041039A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-19 | Cominco Ltd. | Redox control in the electrodeposition of metals |
| US8545690B1 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-10-01 | Yunnan Metallurgical Group Co., Ltd. | Purification method of zinc sulfate leachate |
| CN102965507A (zh) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-03-13 | 铜陵市祥英锌业有限公司 | 一种除去高镉硫酸锌溶液中镉离子的一步两段法 |
| CN104944468B (zh) * | 2014-03-26 | 2017-01-18 | 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 | 二砷化三锌的制备方法 |
| CN112725624A (zh) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-30 | 中南大学 | 一种高效回收利用含砷钴镍渣的方法 |
| CN116377242B (zh) * | 2023-05-05 | 2025-04-01 | 陕西锌业有限公司 | 一种渣处理系统及工艺方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1347200A (en) * | 1920-07-20 | Williams | ||
| US1322104A (en) * | 1919-11-18 | Toria | ||
| DE477290C (de) * | 1926-09-09 | 1929-06-10 | Broken Hill | Technische Entfernung von Nickel aus Zinksulfatloesungen |
| US2509916A (en) * | 1946-03-05 | 1950-05-30 | Hudson Bay Mining & Smelting | Method of removing nickel and cobalt impurities from zinc electrolyte solutions |
| FI52595C (fi) * | 1974-09-20 | 1977-10-10 | Outokumpu Oy | Menetelmä vesiliuosten puhdistamiseksi arsenideina saostuvista metalli -ioneista. |
| US4059514A (en) * | 1975-01-24 | 1977-11-22 | Elkem-Spigerverket A/S | Method for purification of industrial waste water |
| CA1046288A (en) * | 1975-01-28 | 1979-01-16 | Nassef E. Ghatas | Purification of zinc sulphate solutions |
| CA1063967A (en) * | 1976-03-11 | 1979-10-09 | Monica F. Morris | Zinc hydrometallurgical process |
| US4168970A (en) * | 1978-09-21 | 1979-09-25 | Noranda Mines Limited | Purification of zinc sulphate solutions |
-
1979
- 1979-09-13 US US06/075,081 patent/US4240826A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1979-12-04 NO NO793939A patent/NO153062C/no unknown
- 1979-12-10 MX MX18041679A patent/MX153202A/es unknown
- 1979-12-13 ZA ZA00796771A patent/ZA796771B/xx unknown
- 1979-12-19 CA CA000342258A patent/CA1146906A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-12-21 BR BR7908416A patent/BR7908416A/pt unknown
- 1979-12-27 FI FI794056A patent/FI66027C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-12-28 JP JP17389779A patent/JPS5641337A/ja active Pending
- 1979-12-28 EP EP19790303069 patent/EP0025466B1/de not_active Expired
- 1979-12-28 DE DE7979303069T patent/DE2966696D1/de not_active Expired
-
1980
- 1980-09-12 ES ES494981A patent/ES494981A0/es active Granted
- 1980-09-12 IE IE1925/80A patent/IE51183B1/en unknown
- 1980-09-12 AU AU62384/80A patent/AU539409B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO153062C (no) | 1986-01-08 |
| DE2966696D1 (en) | 1984-03-22 |
| FI66027B (fi) | 1984-04-30 |
| EP0025466B1 (de) | 1984-02-15 |
| FI794056A7 (fi) | 1981-03-14 |
| ES8107333A1 (es) | 1981-10-16 |
| IE801925L (en) | 1981-03-13 |
| AU6238480A (en) | 1981-03-19 |
| BR7908416A (pt) | 1981-06-23 |
| NO153062B (no) | 1985-09-30 |
| MX153202A (es) | 1986-08-22 |
| EP0025466A1 (de) | 1981-03-25 |
| ZA796771B (en) | 1980-12-31 |
| IE51183B1 (en) | 1986-10-29 |
| US4240826A (en) | 1980-12-23 |
| JPS5641337A (en) | 1981-04-18 |
| NO793939L (no) | 1981-03-16 |
| ES494981A0 (es) | 1981-10-16 |
| CA1146906A (en) | 1983-05-24 |
| AU539409B2 (en) | 1984-09-27 |
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| MM | Patent lapsed |
Owner name: RIDD CREEK MINES LTD. |