FR2995299A1 - Apparatus, useful for mechanical and biological treatment of e.g. organic muds in sewage treatment plant, comprises mill for crushing incoming organic material, mixing device injecting microorganisms in mill, receiving vessel, and blade - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the biological treatment of organic materials for the purposes of a reduction close to 90% and total elimination, ie 100%, of the organic materials treated in said invention. Steps of this process consist of: The assembly of microorganisms> 4 strains and fixed on a natural mineral support. Non-pathogenic bacteria of Group 1. Biological agent not capable of causing disease in humans and characterized in that they do not belong to the list of pathogenic micro-organisms. Ferment a consortium of microorganisms particularly suited to this type of rapid degradation <24 hours. The consortium comprises an assembly of> 4 adapted strains of microorganisms and nutrients capable of degrading substances resulting from food or other rejections in <24 hours. The consortia can be modified according to the substances to be degraded. The accelerated degradation of food waste is operational after having previously introduced food compounds, such as vegetable peelings, leftover cooked dishes, meats and any bones, starches, bread, sauce, packaging boxes. The invention also relates to a preparation device by fine grinding of food waste, participating in the rate of degradation. The innovation of such grinding is the addition at the same time as the grinding of microorganisms selected and nested on a mineral support necessary for their cohabitation.

Description

A method of mechanical and biological treatment for decomposing and reducing materials of organic origin and apparatus for carrying out such a method. Apparatus for the degradation or transformation into fine powder of solid or liquid organic matter. The invention allows the transformation of unused and fermentable food waste, or packaging boxes, or green waste, or sludge from purification stations in 100% total elimination. The invention proposes a system integrated into the apparatus in order to liquefy the reduced waste in powder form, then, once liquefied, to oxygenate them and transfer them to a rest tank integrated in said invention. This seeded and liquefied powder will be evacuated from the device using a pump to a grease trap system or all-water pit or any system authorizing a discharge into the sewer networks in the values of admissible discharges to the network. public sanitation.

Technical field The invention proceeds to grind all the organic matter entering and thus allow the bacteria injection system to provide a homogeneous mixture for organic decomposition. The crusher is specially designed to allow the timed injection of microorganisms. From this upstream grinding, the organic material thus seeded by the consortia is transferred to the organic waste treatment tank.

The invention provides specific grinding for making food or other rejects available, such as bones or organic materials that are hard or more difficult to degrade, with the consortium of microorganisms specifically adapted to the complete elimination of rejects.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation and biological treatment of degradation of fermentable organic materials. The method of the invention characterized by the use in particular of selected microorganisms, nested on a mineral support> 400 m2 / cm3, allowing the increase in the u.f.c / gram titration, necessary for the present invention.

The invention relates to an innovative mechanical method for the preparation and in situ augmentation of consortia of microorganisms. The invention allows nesting on the mineral support allowing the increase or stabilization of the bacterial u.f.c / gram titration particularly oriented to the treatment of organic matter or other specific consortia.

The present invention admitting the increase in the bacterial ufc / gram titration allows an adaptation of our mechanical system with a view to treating the sludge from urban or chemical wastewater treatment plants by accommodating the strains, then a redistribution of intentionally linear bacteria or a distribution calibrated according to needs, to enhance the biological basin of an urban station, for example.

The treatment process of the invention makes it possible, in a mechanical device, in particular to completely eliminate 100% of the organic matter emanating from the residues of food kitchens, industrial canteens, manufacturers of ready meals, service chests, school canteens, high school or catering in general, fast or traditional food. The invention relates to food waste from supermarkets or organic waste producers.

The invention also relates to an innovative mechanical device having a system for heating the composting tank and for automatically managing the functions of the invention known as the motherboard by an electronic controller. The invention is provided with various control and analysis probes allowing the control at all levels of the degradation work. For example: hydrometric probes or even temperature probes, or even Ph probes or any other control system. The invention makes it possible to reactivate bacteria specific to this type of effluent and to bring oxygen into the primary tank, then to transfer the effluent to a rest tank before its transfer to the public sanitation network or tank. grease. The device of the invention makes it possible in particular to implement a biologically accelerated degradation treatment process and to modify the organic materials of food or faecal, human and or animal origin. The device of the invention makes it possible in particular to implement the degradation of organic materials of green waste origin from mowing lawns or else green waste in general of the marine algae type. The invention allows the degradation of organic waste of the food packaging type of cardboard, paper, or wood, printed or unprinted type. The device of the invention makes it possible in particular to implement a specific treatment for the biological treatment of the residues reduced in the first stage by 80 to 90%. The present invention allows discharge to sewers in liquid form. To do this, said invention is equipped with a biological treatment tank and then equipped with a small air pump and a ramp allowing micro bubbling the ramp is pierced by small holes with a diameter of 0.2 mm allowing the creation of small oxygen air bubbles or any other micro-oiling system. An evacuation device of the invention makes it possible in particular to direct the degraded materials and to reduce by 80% to 90% by weight and by volume resulting from the degradation of the organic materials towards a settling system or rest basin after passing through the tank. oxygenation basin. The invention transforms the degraded materials into a liquid which can be easily evacuated to the sewer or public sewerage network using a pump making it possible to evacuate a loaded or thick effluent. 35 2 SUMMARY OF INNOVATIONS: The device of the invention allows organic matter to be transformed or completely eliminated with a device having 3 innovations: Fine grinding of all organic matter entering the system and will facilitate biological digestion. The mill will be equipped with a microorganism injector. The injection will be sequential and will take place automatically according to the incoming volumes.

The fermentation of bacteria nested on a mineral support giving an important access to the exchange. The exchange surface is> 400 m2 / cm3 and varies according to the composition of the consortia chosen according to the type of waste disposal. The development of the mechanical system allows the nesting of non-pathogenic bacteria of Group 1. Biological agent capable of not causing disease in humans and characterized in that they do not belong to the list of microorganisms pathogenic.

This invention allows the cohabitation of several strains, thus avoiding predation and bacterial competition, in particular in the context of the treatment of organic sludge in a wastewater treatment plant or any fermentable material.

The present invention makes it possible, thanks to the cohabitation of the strains, to treat the organic matter originating from packaging cartons, thus reducing the volume of waste by up to 100%.

The present invention in its mechanical concept has a system of input bin for the composted material with oxygenation of the bin and a specific bacteria input to finish the work of total elimination. The present invention has an organic matter settling tank. This resting tank allows the complete elimination of the material at 100%. The present invention allows total elimination of organic compost in sewer networks within the values of allowable discharges to the public sewerage network by the administrations.

In conclusion, we have here to demonstrate the creation of a device capable of eliminating food or fermentable or other waste. This elimination is 100%. The degraded waste and transformed into powder will be reprocessed in the present invention by dilution with running water in an oxygenated tank, then transferred to a so-called rest or settling tank. They will then be directed according to the invention to the public sewerage network by this unique process. The present invention provides a technology never implemented with such a process, the present organic degradation is carried out between> 6 h and <24 hours. 3 STATE OF THE ART There are many systems for converting organic matter into compost.

Many systems and methods for treating any organic material exist. For example composting tubes in this example such a type of composting is reserved for very large installations of the technical landfill center (CET) type. Other means of composting organic matter exist such as Pandain. Manual sorting unit or composting platform for organic waste or green waste.

It is known in the field of the treatment of organic matter resulting from the collection of household waste, resulting from fast or traditional catering. Or from discharges by supermarkets, or from school canteens or composting platform for green waste from mowing or pruning and or other groups producing said organic matter, polluting or non-polluting, to transfer them to treatment centers.

It is known that mature composting is carried out on swaths for a long period, ranging from 18 to 38 weeks. The problem generally encountered by this technology is that the indigenous microorganisms used by the swath method for composting or disposal in a technical landfill center (CET) or any other systems, these microorganisms have a life of very short life, sometimes the total disappearance of microorganisms generates significant odor nuisance due to poor degradation of organic matter.

The composting of organic matter through indigenous microorganisms takes an average of 18 to 38 weeks depending on the ripening to obtain stabilized compost. The principle of poor stabilization brings significant odor nuisance.

Various composting tube systems are known for sorting household waste with recovery of the organic matter in the fraction under trommel.

Many systems for composting organic matter with a base of microorganisms exist, but no system offers total disposal at an appropriate operating cost. 4 Problems encountered in the state of the art There is no system allowing the evacuation of organic waste in its entirety: ie 100%. My invention is different from all other techniques in that it is innovative due to the fact of degrading and eliminating 100% organic waste from the catering sector or from the sector of supermarkets or school canteens, or even canteens of companies, or manufacturers of ready meals. My invention is different from all other techniques in that it is innovative for the degradation of organic sludge from wastewater treatment plants and the reseeding of biological ponds in a recurrent and automatic manner. 25 The consortia implemented propose to treat many types of organic matter, from the catering sector or industrial, if they are severely deficient in nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus, which are essential nutrients. to the development of numerous micro-organisms used in the biological treatment of organic materials. My invention is different from all other techniques in that it is innovative by the total elimination of organic waste via an oxygenated biological tank and via a settling tank via total elimination to the sewer network or a grease trap. Aims and objects of the invention.

The objective of the present invention is to respond to the various modifications of the law on the in situ treatment of fermentable materials. The present invention allows total removal without displacement or transport of organic materials.

The objective of the present invention is to provide major innovations in the treatment and total elimination of the fermentable part of organic waste, both at home, or in fast food restaurants, or in traditional restaurants, or in supermarkets. , or industrial canteen, or in a school canteen or manufacturer of ready-made meals, or any organic matter such as, for example, sludge from an urban wastewater treatment plant.

The present invention makes it possible to eliminate organic residues in situ in order to avoid their transport or displacement and their long treatment in a specialized center. The present invention, by virtue of its specific mechanical system, allows the preparation in situ and the increase in the u.f.c / gram titration of the selected microorganisms. The present invention provides complete degradation between> 6 hours to <24 hours of all organic material thus changing all current data on the decomposition of organic material.

According to the present invention, such an apparatus is mainly recognizable in that it comprises: A material inlet tank this tank makes it possible to quantify the fermentable organic matter entering into the present invention operating only with the door closed. The present tank giving direct access to a mill specifically equipped with a microorganism injector previously, oxygenated and heated in a tank specifically acclimatized for the increase of microorganisms, as indicated in paragraph 15 of the ufc / value. g microorganisms whose action is oriented according to needs.

A tank equipped with a metal axis stainless steel rotor in its center, equipped with blades specifically adapted to the mixing of organic materials and organized in operating time by an electronic system adjusted according to the needs of the incoming materials. Said tank is equipped with an integrated heating system allowing a temperature of up to 600 centigrade.

The said tank is equipped with an internal ventilation system by a small turbine and a system for extracting the gases produced by the degradation of organic matter and the production of humid air produced by the multiplication of the ufc / grams value. microorganisms. A filtration system by means of a successive tank filled with filtering materials such as pozzolan, or zeolite or any other filtration material particularly important for odor problems.

A worm screw system for evacuating mature compost to the treatment and oxygenation tank.

6 A treatment and oxygenation tank equipped with a running water supply system and a pump to oxygenate the effluent. Said oxygenation tank is equipped with a ramp provided with a small 0.2 mm hole allowing a fine air bubble. Said tank is equipped with a gravity transfer system to the settling tank or said to rest.

10 A settling tank or said to rest the effluent allowing non-degraded materials, heavy materials to descend to the bottom of the tank ensuring continuity in the biological degradation and light materials to remain on the surface.

15 The tank is equipped with an evacuation pump regulated by an electronic system located in the motherboard this pump evacuates the effluent to the grease trap type treatment system required in the sewer networks in the discharge values eligible for the public sewerage network by the administrations.

20 The tanks and benefit from a total cleaning program per cycle maximum of 36 hours the tank cleaning system and are electronically managed by the motherboard. The whole of the invention is placed inside a stainless steel frame equipped with an air intake grid 7 In the single figure (A), one can see an embodiment of the device (1) organic type waste inlet and closure (2) 10 A crusher (3) a microorganism preparation and injection system (4) an oxygenation ramp (5) and a heating resistor d '' an effluent (6) in a specific stainless steel tank suitable for the preparation of microorganisms used for treatment (7) the stainless steel injector frame (8) the store of biological product for the injection (9) a injection pump (10) city water supply (11) closure of the microorganism preparation and injection system (12) electrical and electronic management by the motherboard (13) 15 A stainless steel receiving tank for waste (14) fitted with a stainless steel shaft (15) fitted with blades (16) an orientable worm to release the compost (17) an air inlet grille (18) a suction air outlet grid (19) various control probes (20) of the heating resistors (21) 20 A motherboard for the general management of the entire device (13) 25 an air suction pump ( 24) 6 air filtration product boxes (26) a filtered air outlet (28) an air inlet grid (30) 30 A stainless steel tank for receiving the compost (32) a oxygenation of the compost in the tank (34) equipped with a fluid transfer pipe to the settling tank (36) 35 A stainless steel fluid settling tank (38) allowing heavy materials to settle down and the materials light to float on the surface is equipped with a discharge pump (40) to the network (42) The whole of the invention is installed in a frame (44) and wheels for the movement of the device (46) 9

Claims (8)

CLAIMS 1. Apparatus for the mechanical and biological treatment of materials of organic origin characterized in that it is composed of a grinder (3), allowing the fine grinding of incoming organic materials (1) of a Micro injection device. organisms (4, 10) in said mill, a receiving tank (14) of the ground materials with a mixing device, with blades (16), a control probe (20), a grid of air inlet (18) and an air suction pump (19), said tank also being managed using an electronic and electrical management motherboard (13), a screw endless (17) in the bottom of the tank, which brings into a tank (32) for the reception of the compost, having an oxygenation ramp of the compost in the tank (34), as well as a transfer pipe (36 ) fluids to the settling tank (38), connected to a discharge pump (40) to the network (42); the air from the tank (14) is sucked into a filtered air outlet (19) using a pump (24), passes through 6 air filter boxes (44) and is discharged through a pipe air outlet (28). 2. Apparatus for the mechanical and biological treatment of materials of organic origin according to claim 1 characterized in that the tanks are made of stainless steel. 3. Apparatus for the mechanical and biological treatment of materials of organic origin according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the microorganisms are, prior to their injection into the mill, diluted with water (11), heated, thanks to a resistance (6) and oxygenated (5). 4. Apparatus for the mechanical and biological treatment of materials of organic origin according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air filtration system comprises tanks filled with filtering materials (of the pozzolan or zeolite type). 5. Apparatus for the mechanical and biological treatment of materials of organic origin according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air filtration system comprises tanks filled with filtering materials (of the pozzolan or zeolite type). 6. Apparatus for the mechanical and biological treatment of materials of organic origin according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the worm (17) has an angle of 3.5 to 5 °. 7. Apparatus for the mechanical and biological treatment of materials of organic origin according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air filtration system comprises tanks filled with filtering materials (of the pozzolan or zeolite type). 8. Apparatus for the mechanical and biological treatment of materials of organic origin according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxygenation ramp (34) is provided with small holes (0.2 mm) to obtain fine air bubbles. A process for degrading or transforming solid or liquid organic material into fine powder, characterized in that an apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 10 is used. degradation or transformation into fine powder of the solid or liquid organic material according to claim 9, characterized in that the duration of the process is between 6 and 24 hours.