GB977903A - Improved process and apparatus for contacting flowable materials - Google Patents

Improved process and apparatus for contacting flowable materials

Info

Publication number
GB977903A
GB977903A GB4182660A GB4182660A GB977903A GB 977903 A GB977903 A GB 977903A GB 4182660 A GB4182660 A GB 4182660A GB 4182660 A GB4182660 A GB 4182660A GB 977903 A GB977903 A GB 977903A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
zone
catalyst
vortex
gas
centre
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB4182660A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of GB977903A publication Critical patent/GB977903A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
    • F23C3/008—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion for pulverulent fuel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J19/2405—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside provoking a turbulent flow of the reactants, such as in cyclones, or having a high Reynolds-number
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C1/00—Apparatus in which the main direction of flow follows a flat spiral ; so-called flat cyclones or vortex chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
    • B01J2219/00094—Jackets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00157—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00159—Controlling the temperature controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

<PICT:0977903/C1/1> Finely - divided pyrites or other sulphur-bearing ores, or calcium hydroxide, are contacted respectively with air or calcining gas by forcing said air or gas into a substantially flat zone, whose height is not greater than one-eighth of its diameter, from the entire periphery thereof in an inwardly spiralling path to form a vortex at the centre of said zone, introducing said solid material into said zone (e.g. with said air or gas) and discharging the products from the centre of said vortex in a direction perpendicular to said zone. As shown in Fig. 4, the ore &c. and air are admitted to an outer annular plenum chamber 60 and guided into the flat zone 61 by means of tangential vanes 62. The vortex passes out through nozzle 69. Fuel may, if desired, be supplied by the gas or oil burner 73.ALSO:Vaporous hydrocarbons are contacted with cracking catalysts by forcing the gases into a substantially flat zone, whose height is not greater than one eighth of its diameter, from the entire periphery thereof in an inwardly spiralling path to form a vortex at the centre of said zone, introducing the catalyst into the zone, and discharging the gases and catalyst from the centre of said vortex in a direction perpendicular to the plane of said zone. In the system shown in Fig. 1, a reactor 15 and catalyst regenerator 16 are of this type. A gas oil boiling at 400-1000 DEG C. is preheated with regenerating gases in heat exchanger 22, mixed with regenerated with an acid-treated bentonite clay catalyst at 17 and passed to reactor 15 where cracking takes place at 900 DEG F. and 12 p.s.i.g. to give a product of stated composition rich in gasoline which is withdrawn at 20. The catalyst is passed to regenerator 16 and thence via line 21 to mixing nozzle 17. Fig. 2 shows a reactor/separator in more detail. Gas is admitted to the outer annular plenum chamber 30 and enters the chamber 33 through annular slot 35 extending therearound. Catalyst is added at 43 and the vortex passes out through outlet 37 into separating chamber 38. Catalyst is removed at 39 and entrained fines at 41, the gaseous products being discharged at 42. <PICT:0977903/C4-C5/1> <PICT:0977903/C4-C5/2>
GB4182660A 1959-12-11 1960-12-05 Improved process and apparatus for contacting flowable materials Expired GB977903A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US85901859A 1959-12-11 1959-12-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB977903A true GB977903A (en) 1964-12-16

Family

ID=25329781

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB4182660A Expired GB977903A (en) 1959-12-11 1960-12-05 Improved process and apparatus for contacting flowable materials

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CH (1) CH393277A (en)
DK (1) DK115912B (en)
GB (1) GB977903A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK115912B (en) 1969-11-24
CH393277A (en) 1965-06-15

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