HK33896A - Image derived directional microphones - Google Patents

Image derived directional microphones Download PDF

Info

Publication number
HK33896A
HK33896A HK33896A HK33896A HK33896A HK 33896 A HK33896 A HK 33896A HK 33896 A HK33896 A HK 33896A HK 33896 A HK33896 A HK 33896A HK 33896 A HK33896 A HK 33896A
Authority
HK
Hong Kong
Prior art keywords
sensor
microphone
reflector
order gradient
toroidal
Prior art date
Application number
HK33896A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wayne Elko Gary
Alfred Kubli Robert
Phillip Mcateer Jeffrey
Edward West James
Original Assignee
At&T Corp.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by At&T Corp. filed Critical At&T Corp.
Publication of HK33896A publication Critical patent/HK33896A/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/406—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/326—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only for microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/38—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means in which sound waves act upon both sides of a diaphragm and incorporating acoustic phase-shifting means, e.g. pressure-gradient microphone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
  • Stereophonic Arrangements (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Microphone directionnel comprenant un capteur (11,31,32, 51,111) positionné par rapport à un réflecteur (15, 33, 53, 114) CARACTERISE EN CE QUE
la forme de réponse dudit capteur (11, 31, 32, 51, 111) est une forme de réponse de gradient de pression de premier ordre avec un grand axe d'une sensibilité relativement élevée et un petit axe d'une sensibilité relativement faible, et
ledit réflecteur (15, 33, 53, 114) est plat et positionné près dudit capteur (11, 31, 32, 51, 111) de telle sorte que l'interaction acoustique entre ledit capteur (11, 31, 32, 51, 111) et ledit réflecteur (15, 33, 53, 114) force la sortie dudit capteur (11, 31, 32, 51, 111) à avoir une forme de réponse de gradient de pression de deuxième ordre sur une gamme de fréquences à limite supérieure définie essentiellement par la distance entre ledit capteur (11, 31, 32, 51, 111) et ledit réflecteur (15, 33, 53, 114).
2. Microphone selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit capteur (11, 31, 32, 51,111) est positionné de telle sorte que le grand axe de sa forme de réponse est essentiellement orthogonal par rapport audit réflecteur (15, 33, 53, 114).
3. Microphone selon la revendication 1, dans lequel est fournie une pluralité de dits capteurs (31, 32, 111) sous la forme d'un réseau.
4. Microphone selon la revendication 3, dans lequel chacun de ladite pluralité de capteurs (111) est orienté avec le grand axe de sa forme de réponse orthogonal par rapport audit réflecteur (114) de telle sorte que ledit microphone directionnel a un diagramme de directivité essentiellement non directionnel.
5. Microphone selon la revendication 3, dans lequel chacun de ladite pluralité de capteurs (31, 32) est orienté avec le grand axe de sa forme de réponse incliné par rapport audit réflecteur (33) de telle sorte que ledit microphone directionnel a un diagramme de directivité essentiellement toroïdal.
6. Microphone selon la revendication 1 ou 3, dans lequel ledit réflecteur (114) est le mur d'une pièce.
7. Microphone selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit réflecteur est le pare-brise (107) d'une automobile (101).
8. Microphone selon la revendication 2, comprenant un capteur additionnel (52) à forme de réponse omnidirectionnelle, ledit capteur additionnel (52) étant monté substantiellement à l'intersection dudit grand axe et dudit réflecteur (53), les signaux de sortie dudit capteur (51) et dudit capteur additionnel (52) étant combinés de telle sorte que ledit microphone directionnel a un diagramme de directivité essentiellement toroïdal dans un plan essentiellement parallèle audit réflecteur (53).
9. Microphone selon la revendication 5 ou 8, dans lequel ledit réflecteur (33, 53) est une surface de table réfléchissant les ondes acoustiques.
HK33896A 1989-05-19 1996-02-29 Image derived directional microphones HK33896A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/354,535 US4965775A (en) 1989-05-19 1989-05-19 Image derived directional microphones

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
HK33896A true HK33896A (en) 1996-03-08

Family

ID=23393767

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
HK33896A HK33896A (en) 1989-05-19 1996-02-29 Image derived directional microphones

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4965775A (fr)
EP (1) EP0398595B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0736635B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR0152663B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2016301C (fr)
DE (1) DE69021770T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0398595T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK33896A (fr)

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US5289544A (en) * 1991-12-31 1994-02-22 Audiological Engineering Corporation Method and apparatus for reducing background noise in communication systems and for enhancing binaural hearing systems for the hearing impaired
DE4315000A1 (de) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-10 Opel Adam Ag Geräuschkompensierte Freisprechanlage in Kraftfahrzeugen
US5561737A (en) * 1994-05-09 1996-10-01 Lucent Technologies Inc. Voice actuated switching system
US6204796B1 (en) 1994-07-01 2001-03-20 Gemstar Development Corporation Apparatus and methods for generating codes for controlling appliances from a remote controller
JPH08107683A (ja) * 1994-10-03 1996-04-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電動機の運転制御装置及び絶縁型双方向直流電圧変換回路
US5625697A (en) * 1995-05-08 1997-04-29 Lucent Technologies Inc. Microphone selection process for use in a multiple microphone voice actuated switching system
US5748757A (en) * 1995-12-27 1998-05-05 Lucent Technologies Inc. Collapsible image derived differential microphone
US5742693A (en) * 1995-12-29 1998-04-21 Lucent Technologies Inc. Image-derived second-order directional microphones with finite baffle
US5781643A (en) * 1996-08-16 1998-07-14 Shure Brothers Incorporated Microphone plosive effects reduction techniques
US6122389A (en) * 1998-01-20 2000-09-19 Shure Incorporated Flush mounted directional microphone
WO2001074117A1 (fr) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-04 Intel Corporation Systeme de commande sonore spatial
AU2002243224A1 (en) * 2000-11-16 2002-06-24 The Trustees Of The Stevens Institute Of Technology Large aperture vibration and acoustic sensor
US7146014B2 (en) 2002-06-11 2006-12-05 Intel Corporation MEMS directional sensor system
US20070052549A1 (en) * 2005-08-22 2007-03-08 Contec Corporation Apparatus and method for updating encoded signal information stored in a remote control unit through direct key entry
US7697827B2 (en) 2005-10-17 2010-04-13 Konicek Jeffrey C User-friendlier interfaces for a camera
US7676052B1 (en) 2006-02-28 2010-03-09 National Semiconductor Corporation Differential microphone assembly
US7653487B2 (en) * 2006-10-06 2010-01-26 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Object detection apparatus and method
JP5168079B2 (ja) * 2008-10-22 2013-03-21 ヤマハ株式会社 音響装置
NO332961B1 (no) * 2008-12-23 2013-02-11 Cisco Systems Int Sarl Forhoyet toroidmikrofonapparat
TWI441525B (zh) * 2009-11-03 2014-06-11 Ind Tech Res Inst 室內收音系統及室內收音方法
NO20093511A1 (no) 2009-12-14 2011-06-15 Tandberg Telecom As Toroidemikrofon
USD743382S1 (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-11-17 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Microphone
US10028051B2 (en) * 2015-08-31 2018-07-17 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Sound source localization apparatus
USD895566S1 (en) 2019-02-04 2020-09-08 Biamp Systems, LLC Speaker with amplifier
KR102845979B1 (ko) * 2019-05-20 2025-08-12 삼성전자주식회사 지향성 음향 센서 및 이를 이용한 음원 거리 측정방법
US10904657B1 (en) 2019-10-11 2021-01-26 Plantronics, Inc. Second-order gradient microphone system with baffles for teleconferencing

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US1735905A (en) * 1926-12-30 1929-11-19 American Telephone & Telegraph Microphone mounting
US2457527A (en) * 1942-10-02 1948-12-28 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Acoustic device
US3068328A (en) * 1956-05-10 1962-12-11 Murray M Rosenfeld Pressure gradient transducers
US4675906A (en) * 1984-12-20 1987-06-23 At&T Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Second order toroidal microphone
US4742548A (en) * 1984-12-20 1988-05-03 American Telephone And Telegraph Company Unidirectional second order gradient microphone
US4589137A (en) * 1985-01-03 1986-05-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Electronic noise-reducing system
US4658425A (en) * 1985-04-19 1987-04-14 Shure Brothers, Inc. Microphone actuation control system suitable for teleconference systems
US4802227A (en) * 1987-04-03 1989-01-31 American Telephone And Telegraph Company Noise reduction processing arrangement for microphone arrays

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0398595A3 (fr) 1991-11-06
DK0398595T3 (da) 1995-10-02
JPH0736635B2 (ja) 1995-04-19
US4965775A (en) 1990-10-23
EP0398595A2 (fr) 1990-11-22
CA2016301A1 (fr) 1990-11-19
EP0398595B1 (fr) 1995-08-23
JPH03101399A (ja) 1991-04-26
DE69021770D1 (de) 1995-09-28
DE69021770T2 (de) 1996-01-11
KR0152663B1 (ko) 1998-11-02
CA2016301C (fr) 1995-04-18
KR900019527A (ko) 1990-12-24

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PC Patent ceased (i.e. patent has lapsed due to the failure to pay the renewal fee)