HRP930468A2 - Vertical lift gate with strip cladding in guideways - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a lifting door with a lamellar armor, which can be moved straight up in the guides from the closed to the open position of the door opening.

As an example of a lifting door, the shutter door is known as a correctly opening closure of the transition and transport opening of the door. Roller shutter doors usually consist essentially of a roller shutter casing, which is composed of lamellas placed at an angle to each other, which are guided into the closed position on the peripheral side edges of the door opening by means of correct guide rails, a winding shaft to which the shutter casing is attached and by means of which the cover is raised in the open position and the cover, the electric motor drive, as well as the catching device that prevents the blind cover from falling down in the event that the drive fails.

The shutter casing as a part of the shutter closure, which closes and protects the door opening, consists of hinged interconnected lamellas, as a rule, of profile parts, e.g. extruded aluminum materials. The height of each lamella is usually around 80 to 120 mm. These profile parts are mostly provided as profiles that can be inserted, and due to their design, they are hingedly connected to the shutter casing without further connecting members. In a typical aluminum extruded joint, the joint is based, for example, as a pan or a bridge, so that when the profiles are pressed into each other, the joint based on such a joint accepts and bears the forces that arise during the winding of the blind cover. The joint-shaped connection of the lamellas has, according to all rules, great clearance. In addition, the shaping of profiles pressed into each other should be based on preventing the accumulation of dirt and water in the joints and ensuring sufficient tightness against wind gusts.

The layers of bundles on the winding shaft are formed with interconnected profiles that have a certain profile height. Each profile rests on the most protruding edge of the profile of the layer below. The direction taken by the profile in the cross-section of the bundles within the layer of bundles is aligned with the point of the profile, where it rests. With its accidentally occupied position, the deployment of the next profile connected to it is determined again. This results in an irregular arrangement of the layers of individual roller shutter door profiles in the case of a wrapped bundle. From this, among other things, it follows that, for example, only one edge of a single roller shutter door profile supports the entire load of the freely hanging part of the armor, and in this way, large edge pressures can occur.

To guard against lateral movement, the side rails of the roller shutter door profiles are usually attached to the ends, i.e., the tonsils, which pass through the correspondingly correct guide rails, with a U-shaped cross-section as a rule. These correct guides are widened in the form of a funnel at their upper entrance, so that the roller shutter can pass smoothly into the correct guide when rolling away, without there being any danger of getting stuck.

The shutter casing with its initial profile is attached to the shaft for wrapping in such a way that, when the door is closed, the attachment is on the side of the casing facing the side of the shaft, i.e. that the casing, i.e. that the end sheet that extends the casing surrounds the shaft by at least 180°. This achieves that the armor is widely held with frictional forces, and in this way the full weight of the armor does not act on the gallows. The door is closed when the final profile rests closely on the lower edge of the opening, i.e. generally on the floor. Otherwise, let the blind armor not collapse. The entire armor up to the final profile remains hanging as a load on the shaft, that is, on the shaft axis. In this, the roller shutter door is fundamentally different from the wrapped rib, which is mainly intended as an additional closure of the opening.

In the open position of the roller shutter door, the rolled roller shutter armor rests on the winding shaft in the area of the upper cross beam of the door opening. In most cases, the drive is protected behind the upper crossbar of the door, so it cannot be damaged by a vehicle during transport. As a rule, an electric motor is provided as a drive.

This results in a manually operated drive for auxiliary operations.

When driven by an electric motor, the shutter door shaft is started with a constant number of revolutions, i.e. an unchanged angular speed. In this way, the roller shutter cover attached to the shaft rises and wraps around the shaft. First of all, the lifting speed is determined by the effective winding radius each time, which is constantly increasing during wrapping, because the lower parts of the roller blind cover rest on the already wound upper parts. As the lifting speed changes in direct proportion to the radius of the wrap, the shutter door first moves slightly upwards, then moves towards the upper part as quickly as possible. When observing the kinematic relationships accurately, and also paying attention to the thickness and height of the profile, it is necessary to view the covers of the roller blind as a polygon. During wrapping, the profiles are first placed on the round winding shaft. Flat profiles create a polygon on it. In this case, the corners of the polygon are further away from the center point of the shaft than the center of the side of the polygon. If the shaft of the shutter door now rotates with a constant angular velocity, the shutter casing is pulled up once with one handle, the corresponding length towards the corner point of the polygon and that length of the handle with the corresponding lifting speed, and in the next moment with the handle the corresponding length towards the side of the polygon, and with that corresponding rate of lift. The lifting speed is directly proportional to the erratic and irregularly acting lever, which is why it is characterized by correspondingly strong and instantaneous oscillations when winding the roller blind. In connection with this, there are highly variable mass accelerations and negative mass accelerations of the shutter armor, which still needs to be wrapped. These high accelerations also transfer to the transmission of the driving machine, which must be designed for the appropriate level of unevenness, otherwise it may fail. In principle, these accelerations become as much smaller, the thicker the cover of the roller shutter door becomes, i.e. the closer the pitch is to the circle. However, since the greatest mass accelerations and negative accelerations occur when the roller blind armor is still far down, these forces are multiplied on both sides due to the rather large own weight of the armor.

Positive and negative accelerations of the mass of the developed roller blind are shown as oscillations. These oscillations act through the wrapping shaft and on the building itself, so in the static calculation of the building, care must be taken to ensure that its own frequency remains outside the frequency of the shutter door. In the opposite case, it is necessary to drastically reduce the speed of lifting the shutter door. At an unchanged angular speed of the shutter door shaft with thicker shutter door casings, the oscillation frequency increases and their amplitude decreases. This means, conversely, that the sound develops more strongly when the shutter door is operating, the lower the shutter casing is.

In addition to the aforementioned irregularities in the relationship of the handles when winding the profile in the form of a polygonal flow, there is also the following reason for the hitherto known shutter doors, which also leads to extremely problematic kinematic relationships. Because the running shaft of the shutter door cannot exert any compressive forces on the shutter frame, it is necessary to take care that in the raised state, the weight of the free-hanging part of the shutter frame falling with the lower rail is greater than the friction in the stationary position. This is the only way the armor, as a consequence of its own force, tends to change independently into movement, when the shaft is moved in the downward direction. The least friction for the armor exists when, in the raised state, it moves perpendicularly into the guides. This type of input is called "normal setting". Considering how much the roller shutter casing is unscrewed, the diameter of the casing is reduced. The armor then always enters more from the side into the entrance of the guide. When the roller blind armor has already completely moved away, but as is usually the case with roller shutter doors, it is still hanging on the shaft, depending on the situation, the entire weight of the roller blind armor hangs only on one profile on the shaft of the profiles still present. When observing the vertical cross-section through the roller shutter door, we realize that the pulling force of the entire own weight of the armor does not lie in the plane of the door, but in a straight line connection from the lower piece to the effective radius of the casing. The roller shutter is thus deformed in the middle between the guides, in order to get as close as possible to the flow of tensile stress. Profile ends held with guides and cannot follow the line of tensile stress. However, while the tensile tension results from the self-weight of the shutter casing, on the upper part it pulls the casing from the plane of the door in the direction of the shaft, the guides bend the ends of the profile again towards the plane of the door. This means that individual ends of the profile are not only loaded for bending, but also for twisting. At the same time, the greatest bending and twisting moments occur at the entrance.

In order to reduce the "normal setting" and at the same time the sealing problems that occur with the adjustment method, it was suggested to limit bending with the adjustment of the thrust shaft. However, this gives us a more turbulent flow of the roller shutter door and that with more noise (cf. Horst Günter Steuff, "Das Rolltor", Dusseldorf, Wernwr Verlag GmbH, 1987, S.93).

The above-described unpleasant kinematics in its basic features, which have been known for more than a hundred years (and until now almost completely unchanged), are the main reason for the noise generation during movement and, in the end, for the unsatisfactory feature of fast flow. Basically, the noise coming out of the profile joints when moving occurs mainly when the door is moving upwards, and then especially strongly in the lower third of the door opening, while the shutter door is in "normal setting". The noise is generated near the passage where the profiles are bent, they are also loaded with high tensile forces, and some of them would rotate in the joints.

Although it was considered that the doors known until now, due to their force and shape of folded connection of the lamellas with regard to sealing against wind pressure and security against unjustified opening, were a cheap solution, it was soon realized that the bad characteristics of the fast flow of ordinary roller shutter doors use as industrial doors, to have shortcomings. Movement speeds are about 0.25 to 0.35 ms-1 for ordinary shutter doors.

In the industrial area, fast-flowing roller shutter doors with a flat door leaf made of flexible material, which can be wrapped around a winding shaft or a winding drum, have proven themselves well as an additional closure for openings. In addition, with the appropriate choice of flexible material, such shutter doors offer the advantage of optical transparency. For example, Macrolon foils or soft PVC foils are very popular. This advantage compared to opaque materials disappears over time, because the optical transparency is affected by the penetration of dust and the like during the winding of the foil and the associated formation of a crust on the surface.

Due to the limited supply of space above the area of the upper door transverse beam and due to the large diameter of the shaft core, which is common in roller shutter doors made of foil, the foils of such roller doors must be very thin, because otherwise the diameter for wrapping as a whole becomes too large, in addition with the use of a thinner foil, due to easier wrapping, at the same time, it enables a faster flow of the neck sash. Smaller foil thickness and the correspondingly smaller own weight of the door leaf leads to reduced strength against the wind. As an aid, it was proposed to provide an additional weight in the form of a distributed final profile on the lower edge of the neck wing, or with spring-loaded tensioning strips, which flow over the tensioning rollers located on the floor.

The biggest shortcoming of roller shutter doors made of foil comes from the behavior of the door leaf under wind pressure, because it is closer to the behavior of a sail than a panel. As the neck wing is supported only on the winding shaft, it inflates and protrudes a lot under wind load, and eventually lifts up. Such roller shutter doors are therefore only designed as an additional closure for the door opening due to the lack of security against unauthorized opening.

Furthermore, the so-called sectional doors, which are also used for large door openings. Ordinary sectional doors consist essentially of armor with correspondingly high sections, which can be folded from the vertical closing position to the upper position under the ceiling using a roller.

With the appropriate height of individual sections, used in sectional doors, on the basis of the reduced number of connecting elements of the sections, such as hinges and the like, as well as the reduction of the number of end cells, which need to be sealed, a mechanically more compact construction method is achieved, with a correspondingly higher strength against wind impact, as well as security against unauthorized opening. Furthermore, the large height of each section allows for the provision of transparent sections in the form of glass and plastic windows.

The compact way of building sectional doors allows for the provision of lightweight doors made of aluminum sections, which are filled for heat and sound insulation, for example, with artificial material, so that, for example, the garage door can be opened and closed only manually, without an additional electric drive.

In the closing position, as a rule, the individual sections lie aligned on top of each other, so that each time the entire front surface of one section is available for sealing. The sectional door thus appears well closed with a continuous outer surface, without gaps in between. Further improved sealing is achieved, for example, with rubber inserts that are pressed together in the closing position with a section lying on top of each other. Alternatively, the sections contain, on the front side of the entire width of the door, a starting protrusion, which, as a tie, engages the corresponding recess of the adjacent section when the section swings in the same plane, thereby further improving the mechanical strength of the door leaf against wind pressure even with larger door widths.

On the inside of the door, there are sections connected to a series of individual hinges, which are arranged at constant intervals across the entire width of the door in such a number that sufficient strength and support is achieved. The hinges arranged on the side edge of the sections are, as a rule, at the same time based as a holder for the roller, which can move in the guide in the edge area of the sectional door as a letter U based on the cross section. Since the individual hinges are arranged on the section in such a way that they can be twisted towards the inside, problems arise in that the protruding parts of the hinges located on the inside of the door are optically disturbing and pose a risk of damage. A further risk of damage to sectional doors occurs when the sections are bent, and this creates gaps, that is, when the sections twist back and close the gaps.

The next shortcoming of sectional doors with relatively high sections is given in dependence with the local leading part above the area of the upper transverse beam of the door, where individual sections are twisted from a vertical to a horizontal position. These twisted segments lead to unexpected negative accelerations and correspondingly, during fast manipulation, to a strong effect of forces on individual segments. As a consequence of the different radial displacements of the guide rollers from the actual rest mass of the section in the area of the upper path of the curve, forces for positive and negative accelerations appear, in this case a general uneven flow of forces due to the flat construction of the lamellae with a finite height, which appear as a polygon during the curve, and lead to the fact that sectional doors can generally only work with lower movement speeds, so that there would be no risk of noise generation.

Transverse forces that are transmitted through a series of individual hinges are also accepted by the bodies of the section, and thus these bodies are loaded. When the section swings, the forces applied to the edge hinges and the corresponding guide rail are essentially dependent on the opening and closing speed of the sectional door. Due to the construction, which is in principle not designed for high speeds, the use of sectional doors as fast-rolling industrial doors is limited.

In the case of sectional doors, as a rule, a pulley with pulling and supporting ropes is provided as a drive system, as well as a drum for ropes arranged on the drive shaft. When driving the door upwards, the carrying rope is wound on the rope drum, while at the same time the pulling rope is unwound from the rope drum. When driving with the door down, traction; the rope is wound and thus pulls the door down, while at the same time the supporting rope is unwound from the rope drum without delay. The carrying rope is thus constantly under tension, and cannot pass by the rope drum. The drive shaft is driven by an electric motor, which is, for example, arranged directly under the ceiling.

To balance the weight of the neck wing, torsion springs are provided in a known manner and are arranged coaxially through the drive shaft. In the closing position of the door, the torsion springs are highly tensioned, and when the door leaf is moved upwards, they are relieved accordingly. These torsion springs are subject to heavy wear, and their lifespan is very limited. Especially with frequent and sudden changes in the flow direction of the sectional door, the torsion springs have to withstand high tension spikes for the return movement. With the failure of the torsion springs, the accompanying maintenance and replacement work for sectional doors is long and extensive.

Due to the arrangement of the drive shaft with torsion springs above the arch and the electric motor near the drive shaft, it is necessary to take into account the strong need for space above the upper door crossbeam for ordinary sectional doors, which without special construction measures, such as, for example, providing a double horizontal guide under ceiling or a drive shaft with torsion springs is equipped at the extreme end of the rail, does not exceed the typical value of 400 mm. In addition, with sectional doors there is an excessively large need for space in the depth, which essentially corresponds to the clear height of the door opening. How is the available free space in depth, i.e. the measurement between the rear edge of the upper transverse beam of the door and the next obstacle in the depth of the space, such as the installation of walls, ventilation devices, fans, etc. as a rule narrowly measured, known sectional doors cannot be installed in many examples.

The task of the invention is to create a lifting door that enables fast movement with little noise when opening and closing the door, which ensures in the closed state sufficient sealing against the influence of wind and weather, as well as security against unjustified opening, so it follows from all this that the door and of great height need only a small space above the upper crossbar.

This task is solved with the lifting door according to patent claim 1.

In the case of lifting doors according to the proposed invention, the guides, each individually arranged opposite the lying sides of the door opening, are based in such a way that, starting from the vertical section, which starts vertically approximately above the height of the door opening, the guides at the entrance of the lifting door exit in a spiral, going outwards spiral section. This achieves that, even with higher door opening heights, the necessary space for the lamellar armor in the open position in the depth of the door is kept as small as possible, so that there is no need for a significantly elevated space in height above the upper crossbar of the door. According to the invention, the lamellar armor can be moved to the open position of the lifting door in the spiral section of the guides, so that a row of lamellae comes in a spiral path and towards each other completely without touching, so that the lamellae are not affected by any frictional or compressive forces, thus enabling large speed of movement of the lifting door, so as not to create excessive noise. The lamellas of the lamella armor covering the width of the door opening are based on each other in an angular manner and are made of rigid material, so that the lifting door in the closed position has sufficient mechanical stability to withstand higher wind loads on its own, as well as to be secured against unjustified opening. .

To adapt to different door heights, according to claim 2, extensions are provided that are simply inserted into the spiral section of the guides.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, according to claim 3, it is provided that the guides are based on a pair of rods with a round cross-section, in this case, special sections of the guides in the shape of an arch can be made in this way.

As an improvement of the lift gate drive according to the invention, according to claim 4, a mass balance is provided which consists of a balancing spring, and on a strip attached to it, which can be wrapped around the shaft with the lift gate drive, in this case the shaft has a predetermined core diameter . The most important advantages of this mass balancing system are, first of all, the extended lifespan of the mass balancing, without the need for additional transmission means to achieve the desired characteristics.

The drive, which is prioritized, considering the possible speeds of movement of the liftgate according to the invention, contains, according to claim 5, an endless chain, which is started by an electric motor, and is attached to the lamellar armor. The endless chain is guided so that when driving up and when pulling the lamellar armor down, the traction forces affecting it as a whole flow in the plane of the neck wing.

According to claim 6, as the upper end of the door opening, a sealing lip arranged horizontally across the entire width of the door is provided, which prevents the penetration of rain, dirt and the like into the upper area of the lift door.

Due to further characteristics, we warn, and refer to the comparative German patent applications of the same applicant with the title "Lifting door with lamellar armor and angled lamellas" (representative mark 11EFO1412), i.e. "Locking element for opening" (representative mark 11EFO1432).

Further characteristics and applicability of the invention can be seen from the following description of the embodiment, where it is shown, by means of the figures

Fig. 1. a working example of a lifting door in a partial side view,

Fig. 2. a partial view from the rear of the lamellar armor, corresponding to the lifting door according to the invention,

Fig. 3. schematic representation of the section along the line III-III from Fig. 2,

Fig. 3. A enlarged detail of X from Fig. 3

Fig. 4. lamellar armor according to the proposed invention in plan,

Fig. 5. an exemplary embodiment of the lifting door according to the invention in a cut-away side view,

Fig. 6. schematic side view to represent the balancing of the masses of the embodiment of the lifting door according to the invention, i

Fig. 7 characteristics of the mass balance according to the invention shown in Fig. 6.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4, the presented exemplary embodiment of the lifting door according to the invention contains guides 2 and 2', which are each time arranged on both, opposite the lying sides 3 and 3' of the door opening 1. In the extension, they indicate with a dash reference numbers each time the corresponding parts of the liftgate, which are arranged on the side 3', so that it is no longer necessary to mention it separately. Each guide 2,2' contains a vertical section 4 starting at the height of the door opening, which reaches approximately to the height of the cross beam of the door 6, and which at the entrance 8 of the lifting door is influenced by a spirally inward starting spiral section 10 in the upper edge area of the door opening . The lamellar armor 12 for covering the door opening with a bright door opening in the closed position, in the open position of the lifting door, is moved up into the spiral section 10 of each guide so that the lamellar armor is arranged in the form of a spiral, without being next to each other lying lamellas 14 touched each other. An endless chain 16 and an electric motor 18 are provided as a drive for the lamellar armor 12.

Figures 2, 3, and 4 show the details of the lamellar armor according to the invention. On both edge sides of the lamellar armor 12, a hinge strip 20,20' is provided each time, which has a length that essentially corresponds to the height of the neck opening 1. Each hinge strip 20,20' consists of rigid hinge joints 22, which are hinged together and over hinge plugs 24 placed at an angle to each other. In this case, in a known manner, each joint of the hinge is adapted at its end to an eye made by rolling, into which the hinge plug 24 can be inserted. Adjacent joints of the hinge are each time connected to each other in such a way that their eyes are arranged coaxially to each other, and in which inserted joint plug 24.

In the presented example, the rollers 26,26', which serve as rolling guides of the hinge strips 20,20' in the guides 2 and 2', are positioned coaxially to the hinge plugs 24,24'. In the example shown, each guide contains a pair of rods 28 and 30 with a round cross-section, which are arranged with equal distance to each other, and their distance is chosen adjacent to the diameter of the rollers 26. The hinge strips 20, 20' and the rods 28, 30 are made, for example .of hard metal material, while the rollers 26 can also be made of synthetic material. To secure the lamellar armor against falling out of the guide, each roller 26, 26' has a retaining flange 27, 27' having an outer diameter greater than the clear spacing of the rods 28, 30.

The slats 14 are, for example, by means of screw connections 32, 32, positioned and attached to the hinge strips 20, 20, so that with the resulting gap between the adjacent slats 14, a space 34 is created, into which the hinge plugs 24, 24, or eye, engage, which they contain hinge plugs from hinge joints 22,22', as best shown in fig.3. In this way, according to the invention, it is achieved that the geometric hinge axis 36 comes completely within the area that is bounded by the outer main surfaces 38 and 40 of the lamellar armor 12. This position of the hinge axis 36 achieves that the width of the opening angle between the adjacent lamellae 14 when the lamellar armor is set at an angle is reduced to a smaller measure, so that there is a corresponding reduction in the reversal acceleration when entering the upper bent guide. This further increases the possible movement speeds of the liftgate without causing excessive noise.

Lamellas with a height of, for example, up to 150 mm are completely independent of each other and individually adjusted on hinge strips 20, 20', so that, for example, the lack of one whole lamella does not entail any impact on the mechanical stability and on the way the lifting door works according to the invention . The hinge strips 20,20 thus form a supporting scaffolding, or the skeleton of the lamellar armor, and this skeleton takes over all the forces generated during the movement of the lifting door. Due to the fact that the hinge strips 20.20' are constantly mechanically held together, the tensile forces of the hinge strips 20.20' are taken over and transferred to the slats 14. With the transfer and distribution of the associated forces to the hinged, constructed, tensile rigid strip, and at the end the rapid flow of the liftgate achieves an even and calm flow of movement.

As the individual slats 14 are first placed at a suitable distance from each other on the hinge strips 20, 20' in order to create space for the hinge plugs, the adjacent slats 14 and in the closed position of the door face each other without touching, and thus at of ordinary sectional doors, the well-known ratchet noise when closing the lifting door according to the invention, is completely eliminated.

In order to strengthen the mechanical stability of the lamellar armor, and to increase the sealing, without changing the properties of the proposed lifting door for generating noise, sealing strips 42 in the form of rubber strips are provided, which are arranged approximately over the entire width of the door between the hinge strips. 20,20' and which mutually connect the sides of adjacent lamellas 14, which lie opposite each other. Each sealing slat 42 is arranged coaxially towards the adjacent joint shaft 36 in the considered manner, so that the sealing slats 42 are loaded only in bending when the lamella armor 12 is placed at an angle in the upper area of the guides, the sealing slats 42 grip only with a small lateral clearance in in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the neck wing in the slats 14, so that the slat armor comes under tension at a certain point under pressure load, in this case corresponding return forces immediately act against the pressure load. Each sealing slat 42 contains on the opposite lying sides bumps or thickenings 44, which engage in correspondingly shaped cut-outs of the lamellae 14.

As can best be seen from the enlarged cutout in Fig. 3A, each thickening 44 contains a support surface 43 which is arranged opposite the corresponding surface 45 for holding the lamella 14. The distance of the support surface 43 from the associated plate for holding 45 lamella 14 is each time with respect to forces and in the face of disturbances secure installation with the insertion of the sealing strip 42 with the thickening 44 on the side into the cut-out 46 chosen as small as possible, so that in the closed position of the lamella cover it leads to the sealing strip 42 being turned to the side and after touching insertion of the support surface 43 with the holding surface 45 to load the sealing bar 42 train-stretching towards the adjacent lamellae. At even smaller deviations of the observed lamellas from the plane of the neck wing, i.e. until the support surface 43 touches the opposite of the lying surface for holding 45, the sealing bar is loaded towards the adjacent lamellas only to bending, which leads to corresponding return forces. Since the distance between the support surface 43 and the corresponding holding surface 45 is chosen to be minimal, in order to maintain the load on the sealing rail train even in the case of minor deflections, the compressive load on the lamella shell from the pre-directly struck sealing rail will appear with this. the sealing 42 is transferred and distributed to the adjacent sealing bars. In case of compressive load, the lamella armor according to the invention behaves as a homogeneous flat plate with an appropriate distribution of forces in the plane of the plate, although it allows weak bending. The sealing slats therefore cause a great increase in the mechanical stability of the lamella armor, so that the lift door in the closed position resists high wind loads or other compressive loads without further ado.

The lifting door according to the invention otherwise provides sufficient security against unjustified opening, so the lifting door according to the invention can be envisaged as a permanent blocking of the door opening.

In order to protect the lamella armor 12 against pulling out in the event of even greater pressure forces, holding flanges 27, 27' are arranged on the opposite sides of the lamella armor, which in the illustrated embodiment are based on outer plates with a larger diameter, such as the diameter of the rollers 26,26'. The retaining flanges 27,27' are so arranged with a smaller offset (not shown in the drawing) from the adjacent support surface of the guide rods 28,30 that they tilt to support only when very strong bending of the lamellae 14 under load on the outer side of the guide rods 28,30 , so that the lamella cover can be easily operated and moved with comparatively small compressive loads. With the described good distribution of force on the sealing bar 42 in the plane of the door, even with point loads, it is prevented that the holding flanges 27.27' loaded lamella 14 with strong bending and straight forward to the support and thereby hinder the movement of the lamella armor.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 3, each lamella 14 contains a sealing nose 48, which protrudes on the outer side 38 in the plane of the neck wing, and because of such a nose 48, the movement is reduced from the adjacent lamella. Because of the sealing nose 48, in the closed position the sealing strip 42 can no longer be recognized from the outside. The sealing strip 42 is then visible only from the inside (see rear view in Fig. 2). At the same time, on the basis of Fig. 3, the performance of the sealing nose 48 is given a more beautiful appearance of the lamella armor 12 in the form of a uniform smooth plate.

In order to protect the fingers, and thus to prevent damage due to accidental touching of moving parts, according to Fig. 4, sealing lips 50.50' are provided each time on the inside and outside of the door opening, which in the closed position protrude to the position of the sealing slats in the plane of the wing. door. On the outside of the neck opening 1, the sealing lips create a simultaneous seal against surfaces, dust or the like. The sealing lips can be made, for example, of rubber.

In the cross-section, the similarly based sealing lip 52 is arranged in the area of the upper transverse beam of the door (fig. 5), and flows horizontally essentially across the entire width of the door opening. The sealing lip 52 prevents rain or dirt from entering the upper area of the liftgate.

For sealing the lifting door from the floor side, according to si.3, an end 54, for example made of rubber, is provided, which is attached to the lowest lamella.

As was already explained with the help of Fig. 1, the lifting door according to the invention contains guides 2 and 2', which are in the upper area of the door, and under the ceiling, indicated with the reference number 55, based as a spiral on an inward spiral section 10. in the open position of the lifting door, the shell of slats 12 is transported into the spiral section in such a way that the row of slats takes up a spiral flow, and they do not touch each other. In contrast to known roller shutter doors, where the shutter casing is wrapped around the winding shaft, according to the invention, the lamellar casing is constantly guided so that the lamellas do not touch one under the other anywhere. In this way, we completely avoid compressive forces appearing on the slats in the case of roller shutter doors, so that a correspondingly calm movement is possible, which also allows high speeds.

In contrast to ordinary sectional doors, the upper guide is not made as a straight strip directly under the ceiling, which, especially with higher door heights, led to a great need for space in the depth of the door. In contrast, the spiral section 10 contains three arc sections 56, 58 and 60 corresponding to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. As shown, part of the arc section 60 rests directly on the arc section 56, so that the inner radius of the arc 56 is approximately corresponds to the outer radius of the arc 60. The outer radius of the arc 58 corresponds to the outer radius of the arc 56.

According to Fig. 1, the smallest possible bending radius of the guide 2 is equal to the maximum radius inside the lying arc section 60. This radius is chosen in such a way that, depending essentially on the displacement of the adjacent hinge plugs (see Fig. 3), a proper entrance of the lamellar is possible of the armor 12 in the spiral section 10, without having to fear, for example, only the closing of the angled lamellae in the narrow arched section. Only closure of this type would be resurrected later when, at the entrance of the lamellar armor 12 parallel to the guide, the part of the forces directed to overcome the rolling friction at any place on the guide becomes smaller than the corresponding part of the rolling friction at that place, and this friction is again proportional to that instead of the available normal force. In practice, however, the smallest possible arc radius is already limited by the fact that, when the slats are placed at an angle, the sealing slats are bent, thereby creating return forces that must be overcome by the drive of the liftgate, and they are so much greater, the narrower the arc of the guide is chosen.

With the spiral division of the guides 2, the height available above the upper crossbar of the door is optimally used. Arched sections 56, 58, 60 can be made standardized for all door heights, which occur in practice, so that the lifting door according to the invention, regardless of the door height, offers the advantage of a unique measure for the height above the upper crossbar of the door every time. The adjustment of the overall length of the guide to the appropriate individual neck height used is ensured with divided, horizontally starting sections 62, length a. In the shown example, by inserting the extension sections 62, the length of the overall guide 2 is increased by a total of 3x.

As these extended parts represent essentially individual parts of the lifting door, which otherwise have to be individually manufactured or made available to the corresponding door height, the lifting door according to the invention can be manufactured in a large number of suitable pieces at a favorable price, which is why they can be used in daily needs, outside the industrial area.

For further presentation, concrete numerical values are given in the extension. For normal clear door heights h=3m, 4.5m, 6m, the values of the extending sections 62 each time are a=Om, 0.5m and 1m, so that with a fixed value of the installation height above the upper crossbar of the door, g=0.5m, when increasing the clear door height from 3m to 6m, the need for space in depth increases by 1m. The diameter of the rollers is 26 and with that the light displacement of the guides amounts to about 4 cm. With this layout, it is possible, for example, to open a door with a height of h=3m completely in no less than 2 seconds.

According to Fig. 1, in the free space, which remained inside the spiral section 10, an electric motor 18 is arranged, which is connected to the drive roller 64. The endless chain 16, which is driven via drive rollers 64 and motor 18, and is guided via turning rollers 66, 68, 70 (fig. 5) and 72. On the opposite lying side 3 of the door are provided (not shown) turning rollers, which correspond to turning rollers 68, 70, 72, one of which turning rollers is, for example, via a clutch and a torsion shaft rigidly connected to a gear-based turning roller 72, where it serves as a drive for the next (not shown) endless chain. At this point, it can be noted as a further advantage of the lifting door according to the invention that, depending on the desired width of the door, the torsion shaft represents only one element for installation, which can otherwise be made to order in the appropriate length.

In the area of the lower lamella, there is an endless chain 16 over the stirrup 74, attached to the lamella armor. According to Fig. 5, the connection of the chain with the lamellar armor is best considered to be provided in such a way that the gripping tensile force when driving up the lamellar armor from the closed to the open position flows completely within the plane of the neck wing, and thus we avoid the horizontally starting part of the forces, which could lead to the overturning moment of the lamella armor, and thus forces would act on the guides, which the guides would try to push apart, meanwhile the rollers would be subjected to increased wear due to the heavy load.

The stirrup 74 further contains, for example, a protruding rigid end 76, which, in the open position of the door, almost noiselessly hits the rubber buffer 78 arranged above the upper crossbar of the door.

According to Fig. 6, the adjustment of the tension force acting on the mass of the lifting door drive each time of the free length of the lamellar armor is provided by mass balancing 80, which contains springs 82 for leveling and a less attached strip 84 made of as inelastic and rigid material as possible. The lower end of the coil spring based leveling spring 82 is rigidly connected to the floor. Through the turning roller 86, the tape 84 is wrapped around the shaft 88, which, for example, through the turning roller 72 shown in Fig. 1 and 5, participates in the drive of the lifting door in such a way that the tape 84 is unwound from the shaft when the lamellar armor is moved up. 88, the spring 82 is relieved accordingly, when the lamellar armor is lowered, the band 84 with the corresponding acting tension force on the leveling spring 82 is wrapped around the shaft 88, and the springs are then tensioned.

The shaft 88 contains a predetermined core diameter, the value of which is chosen so that depending on the thickness of the strip 84, the length. Lo of rest of the leveling springs 82, of the spring hardness of the leveling springs 82 as well as the joint weight of the lamellar armor, achieves the desired mass balancing characteristic 80 according to Fig. 7, corresponding to the height of the door.

In Fig. 7, for example, for a clear door height of 3m, the clear height of the remaining door opening is placed on the right in mm, in this case the value "0 mm" means a fully closed door, and the value "3000 mm" means a fully open door. the actuated total mass GT of the free lamella armor is shown as a solid line, and the actuated force of the spring FF is also shown as a dashed line. As can be seen from Fig. 7, the mass balance 80 is adjusted in such a way that when the door is closed, the leveling spring is compressed so strongly that an excessive spring force of about 260 N is available through the force of the mass of the lamellar armor. with the door closed, the lamellar armor and without additional upward drive up to almost the height, where the mass force of the free lamellar armor is in balance with the corresponding spring force. In Fig. 7, this means the place where the lines cross, that is, at a height of about 1m. When moving the door upwards, the mass force is always in balance with the acting mass force, so that the drive must act essentially only against the available torsional forces. The following details can be easily understood from Fig. 7, without the need for further explanations.

For reasons of space, in the case of lifting doors according to the invention, mass balancing is provided on both sides of the door each time with at least one leveling spring.

The mass balancing presented here has decisive advantages compared to the known solutions compared to the torsion springs used in ordinary sectional doors, the service life is significantly increased due to the use of a screw spring based on the leveling spring. The lifespan of a screw spring is almost twice the lifespan of a torsion spring. This reduces the problem of constantly changing the power unit for sectional doors. Otherwise, the side springs for leveling 82 do not need any space above the upper transverse beam.

The next advantage of mass balancing according to the invention is given with the use of tape 84, the thickness of which in the given example is 2 mm. In this case, when using wire rope, further transmission would be required, for example in the form of a free roller, because the rope can only be wrapped side by side on the drum, and the drum must have a correspondingly large diameter. According to the invention, on the other hand, the tape can be wrapped around the stump of a shaft with a relatively small diameter of the core, without the tape tearing, so we do not need an additional means of transmission. In addition, the tape is wound one over the other, so that as desired, initially, with the door open, the wrapping radius increases rapidly, and when it is almost completely wrapped, it is wound with the door closed, only slightly changed.

As can be seen, the achievable main characteristics of the described balance have a special meaning in combination with the following characteristics of the proposed invention, they have an independent meaning all the time, and these advantages can be used in general, regardless of the details of the door construction method.

Claims (6)

1. Lifting door with slat armor (12) in guides that contain a series of rigid slats (14), characterized by the fact that they cover the width of the opening (1) of the door, and are rigidly placed against each other in the guides (2, 2'), which are arranged on both opposite lying sides (3, 3') opens (1) the door, and exiting vertically, approximately at the height of the opening (1) of the door, the end flat part (4) at the entrance (8) of the lifting door, enter in the form of a spiral inward to the initial spiral part (10), in the guides of which there is a lamella armor (12), which, when the lifting door is open, can be placed in the spiral-like guides, which do not touch each other. 2. A lift gate according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral part (10) of the guides (2, 2') contains an essentially horizontal initial part which can be separated separately by the length (62). 3. Lift gate according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the guides (2, 2') are provided as pairs of rods (28, 30) with a round cross-section. 4. A lifting door according to one of the previously mentioned claims, indicated by the fact that it has a mass balance (80) for adjusting the traction force acting on the drive of the lifting door to the weight of each time the free length of the lamella shell, in which the mass balance (80) contains a tensile or compressive load spring for leveling (82) and the tape (84) attached to it, which can be wound on top of each other in horizontal coils on the shaft (88) which is connected to the drive of the lifting shafts, and which has a predetermined core diameter. 5. A lifting door according to one of the previously mentioned requirements, characterized in that it has an endless chain (16) connected to the lamella armor (12), and that the chain can be driven by an electric motor (18). 6. A lifting door according to one of the previously mentioned requirements, indicated by the fact that it has a sealing strip (52) placed horizontally at the entrance (8) of the lifting door over approximately the entire width of the door, and which extends perpendicularly to the plane of the door into the area of the guides (2, 2').