HUP0200877A2 - Self-injection device and method for its operation - Google Patents

Description

95656-1650B/FT-KO

O20 ⁰⁸⁷⁷

Syringe and method for operating a syringe barrel

FOR SYRINGE OPERATION

The invention relates to a syringe, which is designed to operate a syringe barrel with a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, which is provided with a syringe opening for accommodating a syringe needle or opening into the syringe needle, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and at least one movable partition wall 10 that can be connected to a piston rod is fitted into the syringe barrel, and the syringe: a) is arranged in a housing, and b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or the syringe barrel and moving it axially between two positions relative to the housing, where the two positions are, on the one hand, a rear, syringe needle concealing position, and on the other hand, a front, syringe needle revealing position, and c) is provided with an insertion arrangement for moving the syringe needle from its rear position to its front position, and d) is provided with the is provided with an arrangement for moving the syringe needle at least to the rear, syringe needle-hiding position, and e) is equipped with an injection arrangement for removing the contents of the syringe barrel through the syringe needle, and f) is provided with at least one control valve arranged on the housing for operating at least the insertion arrangement and/or the injection arrangement, and a syringe which is designed to operate a syringe barrel with a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, for accommodating a syringe needle or having a syringe opening opening into the syringe barrel, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and at least one partition wall, connectable to a piston rod and movable, is fitted into the syringe barrel and the syringe: a) is in a housing el95656-1650B/FT-KO

-2, and b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or the syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing between two positions, the two positions being on the one hand a rear, syringe needle hiding position and on the other hand a front, syringe needle revealing position, and c) is provided with an insertion arrangement for moving the syringe needle from the rear position to the front position, and d) is provided with an arrangement for moving the syringe needle at least to the rear, syringe needle hiding position, and e) is equipped with an injection arrangement for removing the contents of the syringe barrel through the syringe needle, and f) is provided with at least one control valve arranged on the housing for operating at least the insertion arrangement and/or the injection arrangement, and a syringe which is used for placing a syringe needle or for inserting a syringe needle into a syringe needle. is designed to operate a syringe cylinder with an opening syringe opening and having a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe cylinder, and at least one movable partition wall, connectable to a piston rod and serving to move the contents of the syringe cylinder, is fitted into the syringe cylinder, and the syringe: a) is arranged in a housing, and b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or the syringe cylinder and moving it axially relative to the housing, and c) is equipped with an injection arrangement for moving at least the movable partition wall of the syringe cylinder forward, and a method for operating a syringe for operating a syringe cylinder, wherein the syringe cylinder is formed with a syringe opening suitable for connecting a syringe needle, and the syringe is a) arranged in a housing and b) a slide for receiving the syringe needle or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing between two positions, the two positions being a rear, syringe needle concealing position and a front, syringe needle exposing position, and c) a pump mechanism

-3is formed by which the contents of the syringe barrel are emptied through the syringe needle, and d) is provided with at least one control valve by which the syringe needle is moved axially and/or the pump mechanism is activated, and during the process: i) the syringe needle is moved from the rear position to its front position, and ii) the contents of the syringe barrel are emptied through the syringe needle by actuating the pump mechanism, iii) the syringe needle is optionally moved to its rear position, and a method for operating a syringe for operating a syringe barrel, wherein the syringe barrel is formed with a syringe opening suitable for connecting a syringe needle, and the syringe is a) arranged in a housing, and b) with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or the syringe barrel and moving it axially between two positions relative to the housing where the two positions are on the one hand a rear, needle-hiding position and on the other hand a front, needle-revealing position, and c) a pump mechanism is provided with which the contents of the syringe barrel are emptied through the syringe barrel, and d) at least one control valve is provided with which the syringe barrel is moved axially and/or the pump mechanism is activated, and during the process: i) the syringe barrel is moved from its rear position to its front position, and ii) the contents of the syringe barrel are emptied through the syringe barrel by actuating the pump mechanism, iii) the syringe barrel is optionally moved to its rear position, and a method for operating a syringe barrel having a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, for accommodating a syringe needle or having a syringe opening opening into a syringe needle, where the syringe opening is is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and at least one movable partition connected to a piston rod and used to move the contents of the syringe barrel is inserted into the syringe barrel, and the syringe is: a) arranged in a housing, and b) a slide for receiving the syringe needle or the syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing

-4, and c) at least the movable partition of the syringe barrel is equipped with an injection arrangement for moving the movable partition forward, and d) a hinged member is connected to the housing, and a syringe is designed to operate a syringe barrel with a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, for accommodating a syringe needle or having a syringe opening opening into the syringe barrel, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and at least one movable partition that can be connected to a piston rod and that serves to move the contents of the syringe barrel is fitted into the syringe barrel, and the syringe: a) is arranged in a housing, and b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or the syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing, and c) at least the syringe barrel is movable It is equipped with an injector arrangement that moves its partition forward.

Although injection using syringes equipped with a hypodermic needle is simple, it requires practice in several steps. Several preparatory steps may be required before injection. First, the syringe must be filled with a drug, which is drawn from a syringe container, such as a vial, while ensuring that the correct amount of drug is administered. In order to avoid this step in a given treatment situation, prefilled syringes are usually used, in which case a dose filling or selection step must be performed. As a first step, the syringe plunger must be released with extreme force after storage in order to overcome both the internal resistance and the increased wall friction that is a consequence of the drying or sticking of the lubricant at the contact points. For storage reasons, prefilled syringes are sometimes supplied in dual or multi-chamber form, which requires an additional mixing step immediately prior to administration. Venting and expelling air are usually necessary to ensure that the

-5remove gas from the syringe barrel and fill dead spaces such as at the front seal, at the outlet connections and inside the outlet devices or syringe needles. The injection process itself consists of basic steps such as piercing the skin with the syringe needle, injecting the medicinal product and withdrawing the syringe needle from the tissue. Depending on the target tissue, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intracavernous or intravenous injections can be distinguished and these tissues may require slightly different injection techniques, including puncture. A typical problem may be the introduction of the entire syringe needle into the desired target tissue, the injection can only be started after the syringe needle is in the correct location and the full prescribed dose of medication is delivered before the syringe needle is withdrawn. After injection, at least the syringe tip is usually destroyed or covered to avoid transmission of infection in the event of an unintentional secondary needlestick.

These requirements can be met even when the simplest syringes are used, such as the commonly used hypodermic syringe, which is used by a competent person who can also initiate medically relevant corrective action in the event of an accident or organ dysfunction. However, the general trend in treatment is for patients to take responsibility for administering the medication themselves, even in the case of children, the elderly and the disabled. In the case of long-term treatments, the patient often acquires a certain level of practice, but there are also less common dosing schedules that often take into account the danger or the patient's loss of balance. Additional problems with self-administration by the patient, compared to administration by a professional, are that it is less advantageous and often takes place in a twisted position, and the pain experienced, or the fear of pain or discomfort, can influence the medically correct execution of the procedure. In summary, self-administration in particular requires more and better-suited devices to facilitate the injection process and to avoid or reduce the risk of errors. Patients who require daily or occasional injections may legitimately require suitable and sufficiently discreet devices to be used on a daily basis. It is also necessary that such sophisticated and suitable devices are simple and inexpensive to facilitate and enable widespread use, including disposable devices.

More or less automated devices have long existed to assist laypeople less experienced in administering injections, with reasonable safety precautions, in critical or emergency situations, or to ease the situation of patients who are afraid of introducing a syringe needle. Mechanical automation is found in many existing automatic syringes. It is generally assumed that the user places the device on the skin in the appropriate injection position and then activates a trigger switch or key. The mechanical energy stored - for example in a spring system - then automatically drives the syringe needle into the tissue, automatically injects the drug and, if possible, also automatically retracts the syringe needle. In simpler solutions, there may be no automatic insertion, but the user inserts the syringe needle. Generally, once the device has been started, whether intentionally or accidentally, the process of the operation is no longer reversible. On the one hand, the risk of misplacement is relatively high for mechanical devices due to the kickback effect, and on the other hand, as a result of the force, since the force must be designed for the greatest foreseeable operating resistance. In addition to being expensive and cumbersome, these devices rarely provide the patient with the experience of complete and perfect control of the injection and the possibility of interrupting or correcting the injection in case of pain or discomfort.

-7 —

The use of automated devices that operate on an electronic or electromechanical principle has also been proposed. Known devices can offer the advantages of automatic operation in several aspects, such as accurate and reproducible injection, possibly by means of electric motors, motor-assisted insertion and mixing, vial identification, sample analysis, injection data collection and operation, dose adjustment, syringe alignment for proper mixing or venting relative to the direction of gravity. Due to these many possibilities, automated devices are useful in many situations, especially for repeated or frequent use, although the devices are increasingly expensive for extensive or disposable use. Again, patients have also had negative experiences with automated functions from the perspective of personal control.

In contrast, simple manual devices do not meet the ergonomic, comfort and safety requirements at all. A conventional syringe, for example, does not provide any or very little assistance in the preparatory steps, in inserting or withdrawing the needle, and requires a cumbersome, reverse grip for injection on different body surfaces and does not maintain a safe sequence of operations during the necessary steps. Several so-called “injection pens” have been developed and are on the market, mainly for repeated and regular self-administration of medication, such as insulin or growth hormone, in which multi-dose ampoules are placed and pre-selected doses are dispensed, and which are typically activated by operating a button at the end of the device. These devices were created to facilitate everyday use and to facilitate repeated administration, but they do not solve the additional problems associated with hypodermic syringes. Also known are fees-8-cloths on which the control valves can be set to alternative positions for injection. For example, US 4,444,560, 4,581,022 and 4,820,287 and WO 96/17640 all describe a side lever connected to a piston rod, particularly for the purpose of increasing the delivery pressure in the case of piston toothpastes. Pistol-type handles for injection with such elements are also known, for example from FR 2717697, particularly for facilitating the grip of devices for veterinary mass vaccination. Also known, for example, from patent specification FR 2586192 are the lateral removable wheels 10 which serve for the fine movement of the syringe structure, especially for laboratory work. All these solutions are however not designed for self-medication and are not optimized for this purpose. For example, there is no solution for controlling the movement of the syringe needle and the injection mechanism. Simple devices which are provided with a syringe needle moving device and an injection device are known, for example from patent applications US 5 425 722 and 5 147 323, but these do not take into account the issue of self-medication either, for example different handles are used to perform the two operations and do not ensure the correct sequence of the procedural steps.

Accordingly, there remains a need to create a simple and inexpensive syringe that can assist the user in the various treatment phases, prevent or correct errors, and provide an ergonomic, comfortable, and trauma-free product, especially one that is also useful for patients who self-medicate. Although the present invention has more general applications, it will be described primarily in the context of the background provided.

Our aim with the present invention is therefore to eliminate the disadvantages of known and disclosed syringes. More specifically, our aim is to provide such

-9to provide a syringe that is capable of performing the insertion of the syringe needle, as well as an injection step, and preferably a syringe needle withdrawal step. It is also our aim to provide a device that primarily operates with hand energy alone. It is also our aim to provide a device that supports preparatory steps prior to injection. It is still another aim to support the provision of a proper injection sequence. It is still another aim to provide a device that generates increased or appropriately directed force in different operational phases. It is still another aim to provide a device that is suitable for delivering different doses. It is still another aim to provide a device that can be adapted to pre-filled syringes of different types. It is still another aim to provide a device that can be used for self-medication. It is a further object of the invention that the device according to the invention is ergonomic and comfortable to handle during use. It is a further object of the invention that the device according to the invention causes the least pain or discomfort during use. It is also a further object of the invention that the user can exercise even greater control over the injection process with the device according to the invention. It is a further object of the invention that the device according to the invention is simple and can be used as a cheap and disposable device. It is also an object of the invention that a method is developed for operating said devices.

Our objective was achieved by designing a syringe that is designed to operate a syringe barrel that is provided with a syringe opening for accommodating a syringe needle or that has a syringe opening opening into the syringe needle and has a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and furthermore, at least one partition that can be connected to the pistons and can be moved is fitted into the syringe barrel and the syringe;

a) is arranged in a house, and

b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing between two positions, the two positions being a rear syringe-hiding position and a front syringe-revealing position, and

c) is provided with an insertion arrangement for moving the syringe needle from a rearward position to a forward position, and

d) the syringe nozzle is provided with an arrangement for moving it at least to the rear, syringe-retracting position, and

e) is equipped with an injection arrangement for removing at least the contents of the syringe barrel through the syringe needle, and

f) is provided with at least one control key arranged on the housing, which operates at least the insertion arrangement and/or the injection arrangement, and a separate or unified communication means comprising and connecting the insertion arrangement, the injection arrangement and the control key, which operates the insertion arrangement and/or the injection arrangement by using the energy manually applied to the key, and a switching element directing the manual energy communicated to the key first to the insertion arrangement and then to the injection arrangement.

There is preferably a direct force connection between the insertion arrangement and the syringe needle, the syringe barrel or the slide.

At least one component of the direction of movement of the valve is preferably perpendicular to the axis of the syringe needle.

The key is favorably forced to move forward along a forced path.

The key is preferably forced to rotate, at least partially, about an axis of rotation.

The axis of rotation is preferably arranged substantially in the direction of the width of the housing.

- 11 The valve is preferably arranged laterally with respect to the axis of the syringe needle.

The valve is preferably arranged at least partially between the ends of the syringe barrel shaft.

The transmission is an arrangement that advantageously converts the force exerted on the valve into a force acting in the direction of the axis of the syringe needle and/or the septum.

The converter arrangement is preferably of mechanical construction.

The converter arrangement is preferably formed from elements selected from the group consisting of wire, belt, hinged or lever arrangement.

The converter arrangement is preferably provided with a wheel, preferably a gear wheel.

The transmission is advantageously equipped with power-converting components.

The force-transducing components are preferably designed with a gear ratio greater than that used in the injection arrangement.

The switching element is preferably designed to perform the transition between the operating phases at a predetermined axial position between the syringe needle and the housing.

The predetermined axis position is preferably at or near the position of the syringe needle revealer 20.

The coupling element preferably includes a locking element for securing the syringe needle in a predetermined axial position.

The syringe is advantageously provided with a device in a substantially fixed position relative to the housing, which redirects, releases, or supports the force acting on the control valve for the operation of the syringe arrangement.

In the aforementioned axis position, the phase transition is preferably made possible within the range of motion of the transmission.

-12 The coupling element is preferably provided with a ratchet mechanism.

The force is advantageously applied to the same point of the housing, and by the insertion movement, one of the working elements of the injection arrangement is brought into the said axial position.

The operating element is preferably a cam which is in force connection with the syringe barrel.

Preferably, at least one gear is actuated by an attacking force at the same point of the housing.

During the phase transition, a shift between gear ratios is advantageously performed.

The syringe is preferably provided with a locking element that at least temporarily holds the syringe needle in its first, needle-exposed position.

Repeated actuation of the key is preferably made possible by using a reconnection system.

The reconnection system is advantageously operated as a power transmission system in only one direction of movement of the key.

The reconnection system is designed to enable reverse phase operation.

The insertion movement is preferably reversible.

The reconnection system is advantageously designed to allow pumping movement of the valve for intermittent operation of the injector arrangement.

The syringe is preferably provided with a one-way arrangement acting on the movable partition of the syringe barrel, preventing the movable partition from moving backwards.

The reconnection system is preferably provided with at least one gear having a movable axle for releasing the connection.

-13The valve is biased towards one of the end positions, preferably one that is further away from the housing.

The syringe is preferably provided with a syringe needle retractor arrangement.

The retraction of the syringe needle is advantageously achieved by stored energy, preferably by a counter spring compressed during its insertion movement.

The syringe needle retraction is conveniently triggered by moving the key.

The syringe needle retraction is preferably triggered automatically at a specific point during the injection process.

A dose setting mechanism is advantageously arranged in the syringe.

The slide is preferably arranged to allow the syringe barrel to move rearwardly toward the housing while the movable partition is moved forward relative to the syringe barrel.

By moving the movable partition, preferably, the breakthrough of the movable partition, deaeration, pre-injection or mixing of preparations is carried out.

The syringe is advantageously provided with a lever for moving the syringe barrel.

A hinged door is conveniently arranged on the arm.

The arm is purposefully designed to multiply force.

The ratio of the maximum height to the maximum width of the housing is preferably greater than 1, more preferably greater than 1.5.

The ratio of the maximum length to the maximum height of the house is advantageously less than 4, preferably less than 3.

The syringe barrel is preferably a syringe barrel consisting of two or more chambers.

- 14 The syringe barrel is advantageously connected to the housing by a threaded screw, the length of which is designed to be sufficient for the movement of the movable partition for uniting the contents of the chamber.

The syringe needle is preferably arranged in a movable manner relative to the syringe barrel.

The syringe barrel is preferably firmly secured in the housing.

A syringe needle is advantageously attached to the syringe barrel for common axial movement.

The realization of our objective is also served by the syringe 10 which is designed to operate a syringe cylinder with a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, which is used to accommodate a syringe needle or is provided with a syringe opening opening into the syringe needle, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe cylinder, and furthermore at least one partition 15, which can be connected to a piston rod and can be moved, is fitted into the syringe cylinder and the syringe:

a) is arranged in a house, and

b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing between two positions, the two positions being a rear, syringe-hiding position and a front, syringe-exposing position, and

c) is provided with an insertion arrangement for moving the syringe needle from a rearward position to a forward position, and

d) is provided with an arrangement for moving the syringe needle at least to a rear, syringe needle-hiding position, and

e) is equipped with an injection arrangement for removing at least the contents of the syringe barrel through the syringe needle, and

f) has at least one control valve arranged on the housing, which operates at least the insertion arrangement and/or the injection arrangement

-15, further provided with the key being arranged on the housing for rotational and translational movement relative to the housing and at least one component of said movements being perpendicular to the axis of the syringe, further provided with a separate or unitary means, comprising at least the insertion arrangement and connected to the key, operating the insertion arrangement during the movement by using the energy manually applied to the key, which means is designed to move the syringe needle at least partially forward from its rear, syringe-hiding position to its front, syringe-revealing position.

The syringe is suitably designed according to any of the aforementioned features.

The achievement of our objective is also served by a syringe which is designed to operate a syringe barrel having a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, which is used to accommodate a syringe needle or has a syringe opening opening into the syringe needle, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and at least one movable partition wall, which can be connected to a piston rod and serves to move the contents of the syringe barrel, is fitted into the syringe barrel, and the syringe:

a) is arranged in a house, and

b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing, and

c) is equipped with an injection arrangement for moving at least the movable partition of the syringe barrel forward, and the slide is arranged in a way that allows the syringe barrel to move rearwardly towards the housing while the movable partition is moved forward relative to the syringe barrel, and is provided with an articulated arm for moving the syringe barrel.

- 16 By moving the movable partition, wall penetration, air venting, pre-injection or preparation mixing is conveniently performed.

The arm is preferably a hinged door.

The arm is a favorable force-enhancing arm.

The syringe is suitably designed according to any of the aforementioned features.

Our object has also been achieved by providing a method for operating a syringe for operating a syringe barrel, wherein the syringe barrel is formed with a syringe opening suitable for connecting a syringe needle, and wherein the syringe is a) arranged in a housing, and b) provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or the syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing between two positions, wherein the two positions are, on the one hand, a rear, syringe needle hiding position, and on the other hand, a front, syringe needle revealing position, and c) provided with a pump mechanism 15 by which the contents of the syringe barrel are emptied through the syringe needle, and d) provided with at least one control valve by which the syringe needle is moved axially and/or the pump mechanism is activated, and during the method: i) the syringe needle is moved from its rearward position to its first position, and ii) the contents of the syringe barrel are emptied through the syringe needle by operating the pump mechanism 20, iii) the syringe needle is optionally moved to its rearward position and a manual force is applied to the key in order to move the key, and as a first operation, at least a portion of the force is transferred to the syringe needle in order to bring the syringe needle at least partially from its rearward position to its first, operative position, and after the first operation, at least a portion of the force is transferred to the pump mechanism 25 in order to empty the contents of the syringe barrel through the syringe needle.

During the first operation, the force is preferably transferred directly to the syringe needle, or to the syringe barrel, or to the slide.

- 17 The valve is preferably moved with a rotational or translational motion relative to the housing, wherein during the movement at least one component of the motion is perpendicular to the axis of the syringe barrel.

The force applied to the key is converted into a favorable axial force.

The gear ratio between the movement of the valve and the movement of the syringe needle in the first operation is preferably chosen to be greater than 0.1 and less than 10.

The strengthening is preferably carried out between the first operation and the second operation.

A single keystroke is advantageously used for the first operation and the second operation.

During the first operation, the valve is preferably at least partially released and the syringe needle is at least partially moved backwards in a reversible manner.

Between the first operation and the second operation, the key is preferably at least partially released and moved in the opposite direction.

To perform the second operation, we move the key a second time in the favorable direction.

To perform the second operation, it is advisable to move the key several times.

Between the first operation and the second operation, the syringe needle is preferably permanently or temporarily fixed in its first position.

Following the second operation, the syringe needle is advantageously moved from its forward position to its rearward position as a third operation.

The third operation is preferably triggered using a control key.

The control valve is preferably used for triggering.

-18 For triggering, it is preferable to release the control valve after the second operation.

To activate it, move the control key once more.

The third operation is preferably triggered at a predetermined content of the syringe barrel.

The third operation is preferably performed by releasing stored energy.

During the procedure, the dose to be injected is appropriately adjusted.

The pump mechanism is preferably activated by moving a door arranged on the syringe.

Our objective was further achieved by developing a method for operating a syringe for operating a syringe barrel, wherein the syringe barrel is formed with a syringe opening suitable for connecting a syringe needle, and wherein the syringe is a) arranged in a housing, and b) provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or the syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing between two positions, wherein the two positions are, on the one hand, a rear, syringe-retaining position, and on the other hand, a front, syringe-releasing position, and c) provided with a pump mechanism by which the contents of the syringe barrel are emptied through the syringe barrel, and d) provided with at least one control valve by which the syringe needle is moved axially and/or the pump mechanism is activated, and during the method: i) the the syringe needle is moved from its rearward position to its front position, and ii) the contents of the syringe barrel are emptied through the syringe needle by operating the pump mechanism, iii) the syringe needle is optionally moved to its rearward position, and a manual force is applied to the valve so that the valve performs a rotational movement or a translational movement relative to the housing, and said movement includes at least one of the

-19, the component perpendicular to the syringe barrel is utilized, and at least a portion of the force is transferred to the syringe barrel in order to move it from its rear covered position to its at least partially first, syringe needle exposing position as a first operation.

During the procedure, any of the aforementioned steps is preferably used.

Our objective was further achieved by developing a method for operating a syringe barrel with a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, which is used to accommodate a syringe needle or has a syringe opening opening into the syringe needle, and wherein the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and wherein at least one movable partition wall, which can be connected to a piston rod and serves to move the contents of the syringe barrel, is inserted into the syringe barrel, and the syringe:

a) arrange it in a house, and

b) it is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing, and

c) at least the movable partition of the injection cylinder is equipped with an injection arrangement that advances the injection, and

d) connecting a hinged member to the housing, and moving the hinged member and transferring the movement of the hinged member to the rearward movement of the syringe barrel towards the housing, while moving the movable partition forward relative to the syringe barrel.

By moving the movable partition, wall penetration, air venting, pre-injection and/or preparation mixing are conveniently performed.

The hinged member is preferably a lockable door, the closing of which is effected by moving the hinged member.

Closing the door advantageously seals at least a portion of the syringe barrel.

-20 The operation triggered by the movement of the articulated member is preferably performed with the control key.

The force exerted on the hinged member is preferably amplified when it acts on the movable partition.

The method is advantageously carried out using any of the aforementioned steps.

The achievement of our objective is also served by a syringe which is designed to operate a syringe barrel having a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, which is provided with a syringe opening for accommodating a syringe needle or opening into a syringe needle, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and furthermore at least one movable partition wall, which can be connected to a piston rod and serves to move the contents of the syringe barrel, is fitted into the syringe barrel, and the syringe:

a) is arranged in a house, and

b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing, and

c) is equipped with an injection arrangement for moving at least the movable partition of the syringe barrel forward, and at least one rack is arranged in the syringe, which is at least partially coaxial or parallel to the axis of the syringe barrel and is connected to a piston rod or cam arrangement, by means of which the movable partition is arranged at least movably forward, and is further connected to a gear wheel axle such that the wheel axle is directly or indirectly connected to the housing so as to be displaceable between two axle positions, and the gear wheel is in contact with the rack in a first axle position and is disconnected from the rack in a second axle position.

The rack and pinion are toothed in a purposeful manner.

-21 An operating element is preferably movably connected to the housing, which is possibly connected to the drive gear by interposing intermediate parts or wheels.

The actuating element is advantageously arranged such that, upon actuation, movement of the drive gear into the first position is permitted.

The actuator is preferably connected to the drive gear to move the rack forward when the drive gear is urged toward the first position.

The actuator is preferably provided with a second gear or gears.

The operating element is advantageously a control key.

The connection between the key and the drive gear is preferably implemented on a forced track surface.

The key is advantageously rotatable about a key axis arranged on the housing, and the forced path surface has a curvature which curvature is formed substantially centrally on the key axis of the key.

There is preferably a gear ratio change between the actuator and the rack.

The syringe is preferably designed according to any of the aforementioned features.

By using an externally accessible control key, which is connected to the structure of the device in such a way as to allow operation in different phases by applying manual force to the key, the entire mechanical design becomes simple and inexpensive. By making at least some of the mechanical movements in the different phases at least partially dependent on the position of the control key, the patient is enabled to receive feedback on the action being performed, thereby facilitating accurate dosing. For example, if the penetration of the syringe needle through the skin causes pain,

-22it is possible to slow down the insertion of the syringe or to stop the procedure or to select a new target area. Similarly, in the event that the patient experiences pain during the injection phase, the injection speed can be reduced, stopped or interrupted. If the phase movements are reversibly dependent on the position of the control valve, the process causing discomfort can be completely reversed, for example by allowing the syringe needle to be partially or completely withdrawn during the insertion phase in order to correct or postpone the injection process. Reversibility during the injection process allows, for example, aspiration in intravenous injection. The use of the same control key for insertion and injection allows the user to perform these operations completely without changing the grip, allows one-handed use, reduces the risk of pain caused by movement or wobble due to changing grips, and eliminates the causes of incorrect sequence of operations due to accidental operation of poorly controlled elements or double operation of multiple control elements. These advantages are consistent with repeated use and the use of the same control key in different phases. Such an arrangement also serves to provide the patient with tactile feedback on the progress and completion of the phase, thus increasing the patient's visibility of the process and reducing the possibility of error. It also facilitates the mechanical transition between phases and functional fit for each phase requirement, for example by allowing different gear ratios to be used between phases or varying degrees of feedback to be provided within a phase. It also facilitates the arrangement of a simple mechanical lock and the placement of a release device in the process chain for absolutely necessary or irreversible steps. The absolutely

-23 necessary procedural steps, in addition to the patient-controlled steps, serve to support the user in avoiding risky procedural errors and to ensure proper phase completion before the next phase begins, and also serve to instruct and accustom the inexperienced user to the likely injection program with appropriate guidance. We have found it extremely advantageous, especially for self-medication purposes, to design the actuating valve so that during its actuation it moves at least partially in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the syringe needle instead of moving co-axially therewith, and is preferably in a lateral position relative to the syringe housing. The actuating button can be reached and pressed with the palm, not just the finger, and as a result, even more stable operation can be ensured with one or two hands, and has general advantages in terms of avoiding pain, and is particularly advantageous for patients with shorter arms or limited mobility. Furthermore, the syringe according to the invention can be held equally advantageously in the palm with the syringe needle pointing forward or backward, thus broadening the range of possible operations, so that the device is useful and suitable for use by both the patient and the healthcare personnel. The fact that the movement of the actuating button is 20 different from the direction of the puncture reduces the risk of accidental phase initiation during preparation when the device is pressed against the skin. For a given ampoule length, the arrangement also provides the possibility of creating a shorter and even more handy device. Considering the general design aspects, they are fully compatible with the usual single or multi-chamber ampoule types, up to 25 filled or unfilled, and their necessary preparation steps. If desired, the device may also include a dose adjustment arrangement, simply by limiting the length of travel of the plunger. Syringe tip provided for increased post-injection safety

-24-retraction capability is easily achievable with slight modifications to the insertion arrangement. All device features can be implemented using low-cost components, allowing the syringe to be used for most medical purposes, including single-use or disposable applications.

Further advantages of the syringe according to the invention will become clear from the detailed description.

Unless expressly stated to the contrary, the terms "comprises," "includes," "has," and the like used in the specification are not to be understood as referring exclusively to the recited element, but are to be understood as allowing for the presence of additional elements, and as including any element that is part of, or a substitute for, the structure, or a component consisting of interconnected elements. Similarly, the terms "connected," "connected," "arranged," "applied," "between," and the like do not refer exclusively to the relationship that exists between the recited elements, but allow for the presence of one or more intervening elements or structures that may be placed in the structure. The same applies to similar terms when mentioned in the specification in connection with forces and movements.

In this specification, the term "manual" 20 used in connection with force or energy, which refers to the control or operation of the device, is understood to mean that the force that drives the process in question is exerted by the operator, directly or indirectly. It is obvious that servo-type arrangements are also included in which the force or energy comes from a source other than the operator, for example, energy stored in a spring, gas or other means, which is used in part or in whole to drive the process, if the operator decides to start the process, although servo assistance is generally not necessary or advisable. In contrast to the term "start", which can be an on-off switch, manual switching is at least partially

-25or to a limited extent it represents a functional relationship by which the process in question is placed in the specified position.

The syringe described herein can be used for a variety of medical purposes and beyond, and in connection with any material, such as chemical compounds or mixtures, which are arranged in a syringe container and which are to be dispensed therefrom for any purpose. For this reason, the system has certain special values in the context of medical dispensing devices, where the constraints of form are much more stringent than in many other applications. For the sake of simplicity, the invention will be described in the terminology of this application.

The substance to be administered is generally a liquid, preferably a flowable substance containing substances that behave as a liquid, e.g. emulsions or suspensions. This applies to the finished preparation, as other components, namely solid components, may also be present before the preparation of the final preparation to be used. The nature of the contents of the syringe container is broadly understood as a medicine, but it also includes, for example, natural components and body fluids that have been pre-filled or drawn into the syringe container, although the medicine is usually prepared in a factory.

Syringe containers suitable for the present invention generally comprise a syringe container for the medicament and an opening through which the medicament can be removed from the syringe container, and a wide range of syringe container types are contemplated. Each of the syringe needles, puncture needles or similar piercing devices is herein understood as a syringe needle, which is brought into fluid communication with the opening, for example by being placed over the opening or connected to it by a tube. If the syringe container type does not itself include a syringe means for dispensing its contents, a pump mechanism may be used, as will be described later. Syringe containers are advantageously applicable to the syringe of the invention and are understood in a broad sense, and generally comprise a syringe container having a front and rear portion, an axis extending therebetween, and an outlet for the medicament, which is usually a liquid, the outlet being arranged in the front portion, and at least one movable partition formed near the rear portion, the displacement of which causes the composition to move forward or be squeezed out through the outlet, thus having its own pumping mechanism. The shape of the syringe container 10 and the movable partition are mutually dimensioned. The glass or, for example, plastic syringe container has a substantially constant internal cross-section with a similarly constant syringe container axis between the front and rear parts and is therefore a substantially tubular syringe container, however, it is highly expedient if the cross-section is conventionally circular and thus a cylindrical syringe container is formed. The movable partition is expediently an essentially shape-retaining element, although it may also be flexible, and has insulating properties, fits the inner surface of the syringe container and is expediently of a piston-like design. The syringe needle is arranged at the front of the syringe container and the invention is expediently applied to syringe containers 20 where the axis of the syringe needle is essentially parallel to the axis of the syringe container, more expediently concentric therewith, as a result of which the piercing and injection movements take place essentially in parallel. Within these limits, a wide range of syringe containers can be used in the use of the syringe according to the invention, such as ampoules, cassettes and syringe barrels.

It is not absolutely necessary for the syringe barrel to have a separate piston rod, but it is advantageous if the syringe arrangement can act more or less directly on the movable partition of the syringe barrel, although not entirely.

In -27 it is possible for the syringe container to have a piston rod, in the sense that this is a part that projects from the rear end of the syringe container and on which the syringe arrangement can act to move the piston, as many standard devices are designed in this way. The syringe can conveniently be used with standard syringe container types, for example those listed in the DIN or ISO standards. Also useful are dual or multi-chamber syringe container types, which can be used, for example, for preparations the preparation of which requires mixing of two or more components or precursors before administration. The components are kept separated by 10 or more partitions, which partitions can be of various known designs and divide the syringe container into a number of chambers, sometimes parallel along the axis of the ampoule, but most often arranged one after the other along the axis. The components are combined by breaking through, opening or piercing valve structures on the partitions. In other known designs, the partition or partitions are piston-like and the flow connection between the chambers can be established by moving the piston to the connecting section, where the inner wall has one or more flared sections, or repeating circumferential grooves, or elements forcing the piston to deform, and this makes it possible for the contents of the rear chamber to flow into the first chamber by moving the rear movable partition. The chambers can contain gas, liquid or solid components. Usually there is at least one liquid component between them. In pharmaceutical applications, only two chambers are most often formed and usually one liquid and one solid component are used, the latter being dissolved and physiologically prepared during mixing. These types of syringe containers can be placed in the syringe after mixing, but elements can also be arranged within the device that

-28 — are used to combine the contents of the chambers before the injection process begins.

The positional and directional arrangement of the syringe needle, syringe barrel and syringe may be axial, forward or rearward with respect to the syringe needle, although if the syringe needle and syringe barrel are arranged to move together, as in conventional syringes, this is equally true of the above-described components of the syringe barrel.

The syringe needle can be connected to the syringe barrel in any way, for example by known methods: by permanent attachment, gluing, fusing, etc., or by a fitting such as a luer cone connection, thread, threaded pin, snap-in connections or combinations thereof. The front of the syringe barrel must be suitable for implementing the chosen type of attachment, for example it must be made of solderable material, provided with a membrane that can be pierced or broken, or has a face valve, possibly a through valve. It is clear that the syringe needle can be attached either by the manufacturer for greater comfort, but this can also be done by the user before injection, for example if we want to ensure complete sterility, or the possibility of choosing between syringe barrel types, the choice of lumen size, or to ensure possible repeated use of the device. In accordance with common practice, the syringe needle may be covered with a sterile needle cover which is removed immediately prior to use. Standard syringe needles, as well as standard syringe tip configurations and needle attachments, are preferred in order to maintain low cost. However, modifications may be made to provide specific advantages. As with the devices of the aforementioned US 5,425,722 and US 5,147,323 patents, the syringe needle need not be directly or firmly attached to the syringe container, but may be connected to any other fluid-permeable connection. This

-29 for example, it may be modified to make the movement of the syringe needle independent of the syringe barrel, which is then not moving in the housing, and to limit the movements of the syringe needle, for example during puncture and needle retraction, or to simplify the mechanism of the device. Unless otherwise indicated, this possibility is considered to be already included in the slide concept disclosed herein. In this case, the syringe barrel should be designed according to the conventional hypodermic syringe type, but any other type of syringe barrel can be used and the injection can be performed by any pumping mechanism, for example by shaking the syringe barrel 10, by displacement pumps, for example a piston/cylinder type solution, in which the liquid is sucked out of the syringe barrel before injection, and also includes muscle movements.

As we have seen, the syringe consists of a broadly defined housing which essentially serves to relate the position and orientation of the other components to it. It is advisable, however, if the housing actually contains at least the structure of the device and leaves exposed only those components which must be accessible to the user, mainly the operating or regulating key, but also such auxiliary components as the dose setting, the emergency switch, the armament, the starting and releasing devices. The syringe barrel can also be attached to the housing in such a way that it remains visible, although it is more advisable if the housing covers the syringe barrel, and preferably also the syringe needle, at least until insertion begins. The housing can also be designed to be partially or completely openable and/or closable in order to access or close the interior, which can be implemented by any releasable connection, for example threaded or hinged parts, or by releasable or non-releasable closure means. The releasable closure means allows access to the interior of the housing, for example, to adjust the regulation, or to insert or replace the — 30 — syringe containers in case of repeated use, and also to fill the different selected types of preparation or doses. As already indicated, it is often advisable to use the syringe in a disposable manner, and in this case it is advantageous if the syringe container is placed in the plant - for reasons of reasonable assembly - and is protected by a simple locking arrangement. For safety reasons, a non-removable closure is most suitable to prevent unauthorized access to the syringe container and the syringe needle. In a broad sense, the shape of the housing does not have a critical effect on the basic function of the device, but it can affect its ergonomic and comfort properties. The shape of the entire housing can consist of several sub-shapes depending on, for example, the design of the internal components. As already indicated, the housing includes at least the syringe container and the transmission arranged between the control valve and the syringe container. As is customary in professional practice, most of the components can be placed axially 15 behind the syringe container, and in this case the housing with the smallest dimensions can be elongated. The control valve can be dimensioned for axial pressure. For several very important reasons, however, it is more expedient to design the control valve to move laterally relative to the axis of the syringe barrel, and within this it is expedient if the control valve 20 is at least partially arranged laterally relative to the axis of the syringe barrel, preferably between the ends of the syringe barrel, and advantageously at least a part of the structure is arranged in a similar manner between the control valve and the syringe barrel. The minimum size housing surrounding these components can be designed to be shorter in the axial direction but wider in the lateral direction25 and if the lateral extension of the housing - apart from the control valve - is considered the height of the housing, the axial extension of the housing can be considered its length and the extension perpendicular to these as its width, then it is expedient if the ratio of the maximum height to the maximum width is greater,

-31 is greater than 1, preferably greater than 1.5 and more preferably greater than 2. The ratio of maximum length to maximum height can often be kept below 4, preferably less than 3 and more preferably less than 2.5. We have found that the overall disclosed design is ergonomically sound, structurally rigid and easy to handle and assemble during manufacture.

Another important component of the syringe is the slide, the minimum requirement for which is that it allows axial movement of at least the syringe needle, but preferably the syringe needle firmly connected to each other, and the syringe barrel relative to the housing, namely between a rear position and a front position between which the movement is carried out during insertion. The distance between these two positions must at least correspond to the desired puncture depth and, if the syringe needle is hidden in the housing before insertion, must be greater than the distance the tip of the syringe needle must move within the housing until it disappears. The slide can be provided with guide elements which are fixedly fixed relative to the housing and which define the desired path of the syringe needle, or alternatively, in addition, it can be provided with a housing which is movable relative to the housing and in which the syringe needle or the syringe container is placed. Depending on the chosen design of the slide, the piercing arrangement to be described can act directly or indirectly on the syringe needle, the syringe container or the slide in order to move the syringe needle forward during the piercing and during any needle retraction. The required piercing depth can also be controlled, for example, by the path of the slide or by the piercing arrangement. The depth can also be controlled by the length of the selected syringe needle.

The disclosed syringe will include arrangements that are at least necessary for the piercing movement of the syringe needle and the syringe movement of the contents of the syringe barrel. The syringe is further preferably

-32 also includes an arrangement for retracting the syringe needle. However, it is also desirable for the syringe to incorporate features that assist the user in performing the preliminary, preparatory injection steps described later.

Similar to the corresponding capabilities of automatic syringes, functions such as insertion and injection can also be performed in a concurrent mode, for example in simpler devices, or with the intended purpose of allowing continuous, distributed injection at all points along the insertion path. However, it is generally desirable to limit injection until the tip of the syringe needle is close to the target area or depth. This ingenious solution can be achieved by a power transmission system that acts on the movable partition or the piston rod to achieve both goals, and which is based on the syringe needle penetration resistance, which is generally lower than the injection resistance of the liquid. However, it is difficult to avoid some leakage during the puncture, and above all, if the insertion movement is obstructed or there is a problem, the injection may be completely incorrect and the preparation may be applied to the skin or to an inappropriate depth. It is therefore advisable to apply the insertion force directly or indirectly to the syringe needle or the syringe barrel 20, which requires some control mechanism that reduces or eliminates the application of the injection force during most of the insertion phase and helps to ensure that the injection force only occurs after a certain depth of penetration has been reached. The retraction of the syringe needle can be carried out manually, but preferably at least semi-automatically, in order to guarantee the safe retraction of the syringe needle into place, which can be solved in a known manner, for example by stored energy, which is usually stored during the insertion process in a weaker return counterspring and which operates in such a way that the completed injection is

-33following, it pushes the syringe barrel together with the syringe needle back into the syringe. This function may also require a control mechanism that activates the return spring strictly only after the injection is completed, so that when a certain piston or piston rod displacement is reached, the insertion and injection forces are disconnected from the syringe, then the return spring is released and activated.

The piercing movement can be carried out by manual energy applied to the control valve, and the piercing movement may require a transmission mechanism, with which the force is transmitted between the control valve and the syringe needle, preferably by interposing the syringe barrel or the slide, whenever possible, but for the reasons mentioned it is also expedient to transmit this force via the syringe barrel. Essentially any conventional transmission mechanism can be used, for example electromechanical transmission, for example electric motors or solenoid coils, hydraulics, pneumatics, etc., but for the sake of simplicity, a mechanical transmission is preferably used. The transmission of force can take various forms depending on the position and movement of the valve. For example, if the key is arranged on the housing in an extension of the axis of the syringe barrel or the syringe needle, the transmission may be a more or less rigid connection, if the key is movable forwardly, or a screw and nut solution, if the key is rotatable about said axis. Preferably, the key is forced to move in such a way that at least one component of the path vector of the movement is perpendicular to the axis of the syringe needle, more preferably to the direction of the syringe needle's displacement when the key moves towards the housing, which is for example a more or less guided translational movement along the key path, or a rotational movement about an axis of rotation, preferably arranged along the width of the housing, when the pressure surface of the key is arranged either behind the axis of rotation, or preferably in front of the axis of rotation. As already mentioned, the key can be most conveniently located laterally with respect to the axis of the syringe needle between the syringe barrel and the rear limiting elements of the syringe. In this case, it is advisable to use a power transmission that is able to redirect the force acting on the key, and this can be achieved by any known power transmission arrangement, for example a belt or wire solution, or for example a system consisting of levers, or a lever arrangement and preferably a wheel, preferably a gear, in which the movement of the key rotates the gear in order to bend the syringe needle forward, preferably by moving a rack. If necessary, any power transmission solution can include transmission members that increase or decrease or change the force during the puncture stroke. Known means can also be used for this purpose, for example, suitably selected gear ratios, angled levers, elbow elements or guideway surfaces. The control valve itself can also be used as a lever, for example if it is hinged, namely by using its support point as a force extraction point 15 towards the transmission. In general, the insertion stroke requires only a small force, in view of the small insertion resistance in the soft tissues, and in order to ensure adequate patient control and feedback, the movement path of the valve is preferably not too short in this phase. The ratio between the finger movement on the valve associated with the displacement of the syringe needle and the amount of displacement of the syringe needle is preferably greater than 0.1, preferably greater than 0.2 and most preferably greater than 0.5. This ratio is preferably less than 10, preferably less than 5 and most preferably less than 1. It is also necessary to provide a specific stop to limit the movement of the valve at the end of the full, predetermined travel of the syringe needle, for example by providing a stop surface that can be placed anywhere in the chain between the valve and the syringe needle.

The injection movement can also be performed automatically during or after the insertion movement to reduce the number of operations required by the

-35 the patient must perform, or when the pain of the injection is unavoidable, for example due to irritating chemicals in the injected preparation. This aim is achieved by following a force application principle in which the injection force is applied to the movable partition 5 of the syringe container, as already mentioned, while the control valve is continuously moved. Alternatively, non-manual stored energy can be provided to the injection arrangement, for example by using the energy of a spring or pneumatic element, which is preferably released at the end of the injection movement, which, similar to the solution used in autoinjectors, may require the use of a release mechanism at this point, for example in the form of a device arranged on the housing that releases a locking element between the stored energy element and the movable partition at a point on the housing corresponding to complete insertion. For the reasons mentioned, it is advantageous that the injection movement is carried out by manual power, since the patient should be given 15 feedback and the possibility to control the injection in order to correct or choose the speed, if pain or discomfort occurs as a result of the injection, especially with larger injected volumes. After insertion with the control valve, such manual injection can be carried out by operating a separate injection arrangement, for which purpose any known injection mechanism or the power transmission already described can be used. However, it is advantageous to use the control valve for the injection operation as well. A power transmission is required between the control valve and the movable partition of the syringe barrel, which is similar to the solution described for insertion 25, but acts on the movable partition, and all the power transmission principles already described can be used for the injection. A completely separate power transmission can be used for injection, but preferably the power transmission contains common components for both purposes and more preferably

-36they differ essentially only where necessary, in particular in the case of components related to the transition between phases and the specific operation of each phase. In the latter case, we can take into account the different force requirement, since it is greater for injection than for puncture. This can be achieved by increasing the gear ratio of the lever or gear. It is advisable that the ratio between the movement of the finger placed on the key and the length of the movement of the movable partition is greater than the ratio between the movement of the finger and the movement of the syringe needle used for insertion. For injection, this ratio is preferably greater than 0.2, preferably greater than 0.5, and even more preferably greater than 1. Preferably, this ratio is less than 20, preferably less than 10, and even more preferably less than 5. In the event that the movement of the finger would be uncomfortably long, it is possible and advantageous to allow the control valve to be operated repeatedly until the syringe container is completely empty.

Under the simplest operating conditions described, for example when a force is applied to the movable partition of the syringe barrel and when a single keystroke is used to perform both operations, it is not necessary to use any switching system to properly turn on or off or redirect the force applied to the control key. However, to achieve most of the advantages described, it is advantageous to use such a switching system. The first switching function may be performed by an operation matching system that allows the applied force to be applied first directly or indirectly to the syringe barrel, for example through the syringe barrel or slide, to effect insertion, and then indirectly or directly to the movable partition for injection. The second necessary switching function is performed by a reconnection system that allows the control key to be reactivated. These necessary

-37 functions are to some extent interdependent, as for example the key must be pressed and released in order to effect a change of operation, for example at a certain position during the movement of the key, although it is expedient to use other means instead of the key, and all possibilities and combinations cannot be enumerated in detail for the purposes of the description. The change of operation, broadly understood, can be expediently effected at a certain relative axial position between the syringe needle and the housing, for example at a location corresponding to the full insertion stroke, or expediently slightly in advance of this in order to avoid excessively tight tolerance requirements in the change of operation arrangement. The change of operation can be physically conveniently implemented by a device which is substantially fixed in position relative to the housing in order to redirect or release the force applied to move the movable partition, for example by deflection, rotation or any other mechanism, or conveniently by applying force at a fixed position, conveniently by using a gear, where an automatic changeover takes place when the insertion movement is completed, for example by using a gear which first acts on one surface for piercing and then, when the insertion is completed, acts on another surface for injection, and this principle also allows the gear ratio to be changed. For a number of reasons, such as to safely perform the appropriate sequence of operations and to avoid accidental needle retraction, and to facilitate subsequent needle retraction and to indicate to the user that the needle has been fully inserted, it is expedient to use a locking element which at least temporarily holds the needle in its first position, the locking element being, for example, a hook mechanism which is preferably biased to establish an automatic positive engagement in said position and, if possible, designed to provide tactile or audible confirmation of needle insertion. The locking mechanism may be non-releasable, for example if the mechanism does not have a needle retraction function, or may be designed to be manually releasable by means of internal structural elements or when used with a needle or syringe container which can be inserted from the front.

The described and suitably designed operation switching system, preferably with components different from the key, allows great freedom in the design of the reconnection system and the design of the movement path of the control key. It is also possible to implement the insertion and injection with a single keystroke, for example in order to minimize the patient's activity, or in the case of small injection volumes or puncture depths, or in order to allow fluid aspiration, in which case a reconnection system is not required. Among other things, in order to provide the patient with phase-dependent feedback, or if a phase-dependent design is required, or if excessively long keystrokes are to be avoided, it is expedient from the point of view of use to design at least two keystrokes, preferably at least one movement for insertion and at least one movement for injection, so that there are as many movement steps as possible within a phase, especially, as already mentioned, within the injection phase. This can be achieved by using the key as part of the action switching system, for example by using the end of the first key stroke for action switching and the further movement of the key for injection. It is however desirable to apply the aforementioned principles separately from the key, which allows a much more general reconnection system design. A general reconnection system can also allow for two-way key movement. It can allow force to be applied to the transmission in both directions during movement, but is preferably designed so that it does not work in one direction of movement, and for greater convenience it does not work when it is moved away from the housing. Mechanically, any one-way or two-way device can be used, such as a clutch, centrifugal or friction-based mechanisms, ratchet mechanisms or, preferably, a releasable clutch with a wheel. In all such designs, the movements of the key are freely repeatable, for example allowing the patient to make mistakes or perform individual actions while the action switching system ensures the correct sequence of actions. Reversible action is also possible. This is advantageous, for example, if the movement of the syringe needle can be reversed in certain situations during insertion, for example to allow interruption and selection of a new injection site if pain occurs or to allow the front of the syringe needle or syringe barrel to be visible for inspection or to secure the syringe needle. Reversible insertion can be achieved, for example, by applying a biasing force in the opposite direction to the direction of the syringe needle, for example by a syringe retraction spring. During injection, several pumping strokes can be performed more safely and automatically with the general reconnection system even if the syringe barrel is prevented from moving backwards, for example in embodiments where a fixed syringe barrel is used, if there is no force acting backwards on it, or if it is fixed and locked in the frontmost position, as described above. Further safety during injection, especially when several strokes are required, is provided if the movable partition is prevented from moving backwards, for example by allowing only those parts that act on the movable partition to move forward, for example by incorporating a friction element, a one-way latch mechanism, or the like. It is also expedient to force the valve itself into one of its positions, expediently into the starting position of the valve, which may be, for example, the outermost position relative to the housing.

-40pest, which can be achieved using simple and inexpensive means, such as a metal, rubber, or plastic spring.

For the reasons mentioned, the syringe needle return function is advantageously incorporated into the syringe. Similar considerations apply to the force applied to retract the syringe needle as for insertion, i.e. the force may be applied directly to the syringe needle or its retaining elements, or to the syringe barrel or any supporting part of these elements. The syringe needle may be retracted by manual force, for example by providing the user with the possibility of operating this movement. However, a separate control may also be incorporated, which allows for a simple design and a simple connection between the control means and the syringe needle. For convenience, it is advantageous to use the control key also for retracting the syringe needle, especially if this phase takes place in close connection with the injection and serves to withdraw the syringe needle from the tissue. In principle, a similar arrangement should be provided for the linkage and key reconnection arrangement used in the insertion and injection phases. Retraction of the syringe needle from the tissue is rarely painful and therefore does not require full manual control. For this and other reasons, it is expedient to automate the retraction of the syringe needle at least partially. The function may also be semi-automatic in the sense that after a permissible manual start, the syringe needle retraction process takes place automatically, expediently by releasing previously stored energy, for example in the known manner of arranging a return spring that creates a forced movement to move the syringe needle backwards, usually by squeezing something during the insertion phase. The start may also take place by means of a separate control device used for this purpose, but expediently the control key is also used to initiate the process for retracting the syringe needle. The control key is for example

-41 the syringe needle can be retracted when the key is released after injection, but it is convenient to achieve this purpose by a further, repeated key operation. For greater safety and simplification of the operation, the syringe needle can also be retracted completely automatically in the sense that this step occurs at a point in the injection process when the user does not make any manual intervention. This situation conveniently occurs when the injection of the composition has been completed, has been completed, and thus the injection phase has been completed, i.e. for example when the movable partition hits when the syringe container is completely empty, or at a certain intermediate partition position when the syringe container is partially empty: the latter case is particularly useful when setting or regulating the dose or when repeated injections are required from a syringe container containing several doses. In other words, the retraction of the syringe needle begins when the movable partition reaches the predetermined position. Any part of the transmission mechanism of the injection arrangement can be used as a mechanical internal actuating part, including the key, which parts have a certain defined position relative to the movable partition, for example, to initiate the release of stored energy, for example by releasing a return spring lock. In the case where such a lock is used to retain the syringe needle in position after insertion in the preferred manner described above, it is also advantageous if such a lock serves to release a return spring, which can then be activated. In this case, it is advantageous to permanently deactivate the syringe after the needle has returned to its place, for example in the case of disposable devices, such that the components irremovably lock the needle in its retracted position, for example by any known means arranged anywhere in the transmission. As part of this solution, or in addition to this, the user is informed of the fees

-42 the state of the cloth by locking the control valve against further movement, preferably in the depressed position to save space. In the case where the device has a syringe retraction function or other safety procedures are relied upon to deactivate the device, such as cremation, the non-releasable locking may also occur after the injection phase.

In order to enable the dose to be injected to be adjusted, for example for partial or repeated injections, a dose adjustment mechanism can be incorporated. Since the dose adjustment is usually carried out before the actual injection process and without the device having to be held in a specific position, the elements serving this purpose can be positioned more freely than the control valve. Although it is possible to provide adjustable displacement limits acting on the movable partition as such, it is generally advantageous to arrange these limits earlier in the transmission of the injection arrangement. They can also be arranged in the control valve or anywhere in the injection power train, but it is advantageous if such limiting elements are separate. All conventional means known, for example, from injection pushers can also be used here. If the transmission mechanism acting on the movable partition or the piston rod, i.e. the last component of the transmission, is considered as a piston mechanism, then a controllable interface, a control space for the backlash of the piston mechanism relative to the movable partition, or a combination of these can be formed. It is also possible that the injection stroke length of the control valve, or the combined stroke length, varies according to the different dose settings, but it is expedient to choose the dose adjustment mechanisms so that the stroke lengths are constant and independent of the dose setting.

-43 It is also desirable if the device has a feature that facilitates the preparatory steps prior to injection. For example, it is possible to market the device without a syringe barrel or a syringe needle in order to connect these parts to it later and to facilitate the connection, there may be some kind of fastening element, a push-lock, a bayonet lock, threads or other fitting element in place of the syringe barrel. It is also possible to pre-integrate the syringe needle into the syringe barrel, but usually this must be connected immediately before use or it is possible to replace it, but in most cases a syringe needle guard must be removed before use, and in all these cases the place of attachment of the syringe needle, which is most often the front part of the syringe barrel, must be accessible to the user. If possible, the device has a certain space for storing the syringe needle before connection. In the case of dual or multi-chambered cartridges, an initial movement is required by the movable partition to combine and mix the contents of the chambers and although this step may be performed prior to insertion of the syringe barrel, it is advantageous to allow this to occur once it is already connected to the syringe, for example by allowing the piston arrangement to first press against the movable partition, for example by temporarily disconnecting it from the transmission, but preferably by moving the syringe barrel axially towards the piston mechanism once it is firmly in the housing and more preferably by a threaded means which allows the movable partition to be moved gently, as is discussed for example in US 4,968,299. During the initial movement of the movable partition, both the venting and the pre-injection must be carried out, which movement can be carried out by similar means as used for the multi-chamber syringe barrel. Any initial movement of the movable partition can require large breakthrough forces. In each of these operations, it is advantageous that at least the front of the syringe barrel is accessible to the user, which can be achieved by using the insertion mechanism to at least partially perform the insertion movement, and preferably a temporary lock is used in this position to resist the intervention.

It is also possible, and often necessary and advantageous, to keep at least the front of the syringe open or to make it openable, for example by providing a removable or hinged door, etc. For the purposes of preparation mentioned, the movable partition can be moved by manually pressing the piston mechanism or the syringe container towards each other in the axial direction 10. However, it is expedient to provide an auxiliary lever mechanism or gear transmission, for example to increase the breakthrough force, to reduce the speed during mixing, or to keep the movement short during deaeration and pre-injection. Any known lever mechanism can be used, but a convenient arrangement from the point of view of use is a hinged door at the front of the device, when closed, the syringe container moves rearwardly, expediently under the influence of its increased force and expediently while the movable partition - which is in a practically stationary position relative to the housing - moves forward. After closing the door, the syringe needle conveniently disappears in the housing and it is advantageous if the door 20 is arranged in such a way that it cannot be completely closed unless the syringe needle is very precisely fixed, and also so that the door is permanently and irreversibly closed and preferably arranged to prevent any further changes to the dose setting if this function is incorporated. The door also serves to influence the possible movements of the control valve 25, in particular to increase or decrease, brake its movement. For example, the valve is out of operation as long as the door is in the fully closed state, while performing all the other functions already mentioned, either by disconnecting from the transmission or remaining stationary

-45by blocking the key or the gear in a given position. All these arrangements serve to define and make the sequence of operations exclusive and to reduce the risks of errors or misuse.

The procedures for using the syringe follow from the description of the structure, as well as its functions and purposes. Below is a summary of the appropriate operations. Any door or closure located on the front of the syringe must be removed or opened. The syringe container is not pre-installed in the syringe housing, so the person performing the operation inserts the syringe container and preferably connects it to the given connection device. If the syringe container is a dual or multi-chamber device, the mixing operation can take place before the attachment, but preferably takes place when the syringe container is attached to the syringe, or possibly during the attachment, preferably by an intervention consisting of an axial movement of the syringe container towards a piston mechanism located in abutment with the movable partition. If the syringe needle is not already in place, the operator places a syringe needle in the slide and, if possible, removes any syringe needle protection element. The syringe needle points approximately forward and the movable partition moves forward to remove air and possibly eject a small amount of preparation to ensure proper operation. Conveniently, the partition moves forward as a result of the rearward movement of the syringe container, when the syringe container moves towards a piston mechanism and more conveniently by closing a hinged door which is arranged to also move the syringe container rearward. Such movement can be achieved by a lever gear such that the closing length exceeds the travel of the syringe container. Conveniently, the closing also acts to assist the operation of the control valve. The steps already taken should ensure that the syringe needle is now hidden

-46jon in the housing. If possible, a dose setting operation can take place at any time up to this point. The control key is operated so that the insertion movement takes place and the syringe needle is brought into the protruding position from the syringe. This is conveniently done in a single step, without repeated actuation of the key and preferably by pressing the key towards the housing with a movement which is conveniently provided with a component which is perpendicular to the axial direction. The protruding syringe needle can now be placed on the target object, for example human or animal tissue, or for example in the case of laboratory use on any other material or device, but it is convenient to place the front part of the syringe on the target object first so that the insertion is the result of the insertion operation. The syringe needle or the syringe container is preferably closed at the end of the puncture and it is advantageous if an audible or tactile signal is emitted by the syringe, the closure element or other component in order to ensure that the user is satisfied that the insertion has been completed. The injection can then take place. This can be done by continuously moving the control valve, but it is advantageous if the movement of the valve changes during the injection, preferably it must be released back to the starting position and even more preferably so that a new movement begins from the starting position for the purpose of the injection. Several injection strokes are performed with the valve during the injection, especially when a larger volume of the substance to be injected or a weaker patient is involved. The completed injection can be detected by the key hitting when the movable partition reaches the end of the syringe barrel or a stop surface formed in the force transmission mechanism. Conveniently, the action of retracting the syringe needle takes place at this time, either automatically or triggered by the operator. The actuation of the syringe needle retraction can be carried out by a separate trigger element, or by releasing the actuating key, or when the key is actuated again. Although the fees

The swab may be withdrawn from the target before the syringe needle retraction operation begins, but the retraction preferably occurs as a result of the syringe needle retraction operation.

Although the above-described process steps have been described as a specific sequence of operations, it is within the scope of the invention to employ a different sequence of operations, unless otherwise indicated.

The invention will be described in detail hereinafter by way of example embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawing,

Figures 1A and 1B schematically illustrate in two different states the syringe according to the ^invention , in which a transmission is arranged such that a transmission mechanism for transmitting the pressure applied to the control valve is formed in the transmission, the

Figure 1C shows a modified arrangement in which a built-in syringe reservoir and a movable syringe needle are arranged, the

Figures 2A. -2G. show a detailed embodiment of the syringe in various phases of operation; Figure 2A. is an exploded view of the components of the device, and Figures 2B. -2G. are elevational and lateral cross-sectional views in various phases of operation,

Figure 3 is a similar figure to Figure 2, but with a hinged door 20 at the front of the syringe.

Figures 1A and 1B schematically illustrate a syringe 100 in which a force transmission mechanism, or linkage 140, is arranged, which is adapted to transmit force to a control key 130. The control key 130 schematically illustrated in Figure 1A is in a starting position, while the control key 130 in Figure 1B is in a starting position.

The control key 130 is shown in the depressed position. The syringe 100 has a housing 110, indicated by a dashed line, and the housing has an opening 111 through which a syringe needle 123 can extend from the housing, and a side opening 112 for the control key. The housing has a length 113 and a height 114.

-48ga, and also has a width not shown in the figure, which is perpendicular to the height 114 and the length 113. In the housing 110, a syringe cylinder 120 is arranged, which consists of a syringe cylinder 121, a front part 122 on which a syringe 123 is fixed, a rear cylinder end 124, and a movable partition 125, which is arranged like a piston in the syringe container 121. The syringe container 120 is axially displaceable in the housing 110 between a rear position (see Fig. 1A) and a front position (see Fig. 1B). The control key 130, on which a manually accessible pressure surface 131 is formed, is mounted about a key shaft 132, which key shaft 132 extends across the width of the housing 110, and the control key 130 is biased by a key spring 133 towards the starting position, in which position it is furthest from the housing 110. By applying a manual force 134 towards the housing 110, the pressure surface 131 can be moved to the compressed position shown in Figure 1B, in opposition to the force of the key spring 133. It should be noted that the manual force 134 applied to the key 130 in the direction of the arrow also has a component that is perpendicular to the axis of the syringe barrel 120, although the force 134 is not completely perpendicular to this axis. Furthermore, the angle of the axis and the force component changes somewhat between the positions shown in Figures 1A and 1B due to the movement of the control valve 130 about the axis. It should also be noted that the control valve 130 is arranged laterally with respect to the syringe barrel 121, i.e., it is not co-axial with the syringe barrel 121 and has a force pressure point 134 that is located between the axial front portion 122 of the syringe barrel 120 and the barrel end 124. The link 140 is an arrangement in which a first arm 141 and a second arm 142 are arranged, the first arm 141 being connected at one end to the control key 130 by a first joint 143 and the other end being connected to the rear end of the generally axial second arm 142 by a second joint 144, such that the joints 143, 144 allow rotation in the plane of the drawing.

-49. The first arm 141 is arranged so that the second joint 144 moves forward when the control key 130 is pressed in the direction of the force 134. As a result, the front end of the second arm 142 will move forward and, since the second arm 142 is arranged substantially axially, its rear end will also move forward. In order to ensure the desired form of movement, for example to avoid the first arm 141 from falling in, guide elements are used, either in the form of guide structures arranged on the housing 110, for example in the form of rails or slots, or, as is customary in connection arrangements, by using additional connections, as shown in dashed line by a third arm 145, which is connected to the first arm 141 by a third joint 146 for rotational movement and its other end is connected to the housing 110 by a fourth joint 147 about which it can pivot. It is clear that the arrangement described translates the perpendicular component of the force 134 exerted on the control valve 130 into axial movement with respect to the rear part of the second arm 142, where a cam 149 is arranged, which is depicted as a ratchet hook and which has a smooth front leading edge acting on the syringe barrel 121, on the one hand, and a rear jumping surface forming a peak, on the other hand. The described components of the linkage 140 are common to the insertion and injection arrangements of the syringe 100. The further details of the insertion arrangement in this embodiment are extremely simple and can be said to be formed between the cam 149 and the barrel end 124 of the syringe barrel 121, allowing the cam 149 to move the syringe barrel 121 from its rear position to its front position. Further elements of the injection arrangement include a piston rod 161 which acts on a movable partition 125 and has teeth 162, shown as ratchet teeth with a smooth rear surface and a conical front pressure surface, which cooperate with the cam 149. As will be explained later, the cam 149 and teeth 162 act as a syringe engagement system, allowing the cam 149 to first act on the syringe barrel 121 for insertion,

-50then subsequently reaches the teeth 162 for injection. The cam 149 and the plurality of teeth 162 also act as the reengagement system of the device, allowing the control key 130 to be repeatedly depressed and released during successive injection movements. Also schematically shown is a locking member 180 having a hook portion 181 biased toward the syringe barrel 121 and arranged to move behind the barrel end 124 at the end of the insertion operation and prevent rearward movement during subsequent steps.

Figure 1A shows the starting position of the components of the syringe 100. By applying a force 134 to the control key 130 in the direction of the arrow, the pressure surface 131 of the key 130 will rotate about the key axis 132, as a result of which the first arm 141 rotates about the first joint 143, while the second joint 144 moves forward and pulls the second arm 142 forward together with the rear cam 149. During this type of first movement, the cam 149 engages the cylinder end 124 and moves the syringe barrel 120 forward together with the piston rod 161, thereby moving the syringe needle 123 out of the front opening 111 of the housing 110. At the end of this movement, the hook portion 181 of the lock 180 engages the barrel end 124 to prevent the syringe barrel 121 from moving backward. This state of the syringe 100 is shown in FIG. 1B. Upon releasing the control key 130, the key spring 133 pushes the control key 130 back to its starting position, which is shown in FIG. 1A, but the lock 180 prevents the syringe barrel 121 from moving backward. The cam 149, in addition to the backward movement resulting from the control key 130 returning to its starting position, will jump over one or more teeth 162 located on the piston rod 161 such that the inclined surfaces of the teeth 162 and the cam 149 slide over each other. Accordingly, the components act as a switching system, allowing the release of the 130 key and thus allowing the transition from insertion to

-51 for injection operation. The control key 130 is then pressed again and the resulting forward movement of the cam 149 pulls the piston rod 161 forward by the teeth 162, as schematically shown in Fig. 1B at the cam position 149'. If necessary, for the dose to be injected, the control key 130 can be released and then pressed again so that the cam 149 comes into contact with a further, rearward tooth 162, thereby creating a repeated injection stroke. Accordingly, in the hook-and-claw type mechanism, which is present in the form of the cam 149, the rear cylinder end 124 and the teeth 162 are re-engaged, thereby allowing the control key 130 to be actuated again.

Fig. 1C. shows schematically modifications of the embodiment shown in Figs. 1A. and 1B. where the syringe container 121 is stationary incorporated in the syringe 100 and the movement of the syringe needle 123' is independent thereof. Only the second arm 142, the second joint 144 and the cam 149 are shown in the drawing. The axially movable syringe needle 123' is formed with an intermediate side opening 126 and has a closing cover 127 at its rear end, but the head 127 also serves as a pressure surface when the syringe needle 123' moves from its rear position to its front position, and the head 127 is acted upon by a pressure plate 150 formed on the second arm 142. The syringe barrel 120' is shown with a lateral projection 128 formed on the projection 122' of the syringe barrel 121 and which can be pierced by the syringe needle 123' so that the lateral opening 126 of the syringe needle 123' is located inside the projection 122' and communicates with the interior of the syringe barrel 120'. The syringe barrel 120' is located in the housing 110 in approximately the same position as shown in FIG. 1B, and the piston rod 161' is also in the same position as shown in FIG. 1A, so that there is a certain distance between the front end of the piston rod 161 and the movable partition 125, which distance is approximately equal to the puncture stroke length indicated by the arrow 151. The piston rod 161' has an additional tooth 162' which engages the movable 125

-52 is located closest to the partition wall, and which tooth 162' first comes into contact with the cam 149.

In Figure 1C, the individual elements of the syringe 100 in the position before the puncture are shown in solid lines and after the puncture in dashed lines. The first actuation of the control key 130 causes the second lever 142 to move forward by a distance corresponding to the arrow 151. In this movement, the pressure plate 150 exerts pressure on the head 127 and moves the syringe needle 123' forward through the lateral projection 128 of the syringe barrel 120', so that the side opening 126 is placed inside the syringe barrel 120' in the manner described, while in parallel, the syringe needle extending through the front opening 111' of the housing 110 is inserted, for example, into the tissue. The syringe needle 123' then remains in this position due to friction or the effect of any locking arrangement. In the same movement, the cam 149, acting on the tooth 162', moves the piston rod 161' forward until it contacts the movable partition 125. As can be seen in Figures 1A and 1B, by releasing the control key 130, the cam 149 moves and skips the rearward teeth 162. By repeatedly pressing the control key 130, the piston rod 161' and the movable partition 125 are moved forward, thereby forcing the liquid in the syringe barrel 120' to flow through the lateral projection 128 and the side opening 126, and through the syringe needle 123' for injection. It is assumed that the piston rod 161' cannot move rearward, for example due to friction, or due to the effect of an additional ratchet mechanism or other arrangement.

The simplified syringe shown in Figures 1A-1C may be modified in various ways, for example, as described above. For example, the syringe 100 may be provided with a return mechanism, such as the incorporation of a return spring, and a mechanism on the rear of the piston rod 161 that opens the locking element 180. A dose adjustment mechanism may be provided on the piston

-53 rod. In addition, elements suitable for preparatory steps can be formed in the syringe 100. The aforementioned lever system can be replaced by any power transmission mechanism, for example, one in which wires or gears 242, 243 are arranged. In the case of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1C, the syringe barrel 121 can be replaced by any other piston, pump arrangement, for example, a cylinder/piston type device for performing repeated insertion and injection strokes, which operates with a one-way valve so that the choice of the syringe barrel 121 is completely free, including, for example, flexible bags.

Figures 2A-2G show a detailed embodiment of a syringe 200 in various phases of operation, including priming, dose setting, insertion, injection, and needle retraction. The components of the syringe 200 are described primarily in connection with Figures 2A and 2B, which show the components of a commercially available syringe 200 and the assembled syringe 200 in a starting position. The syringe 200 is arranged in a two-part housing 210, which has a front opening 211 for a syringe needle 223 and a syringe barrel 221, a side opening 212 for a control valve 230, and a rear opening 213 for a dose setting unit 270. The syringe container 221 is arranged in the housing 210 and has parts 220 a syringe barrel, 222 a front part with a syringe needle 223, a rear container end 224 and a movable partition 225 in the form of a piston fitted in the syringe barrel 220. The syringe container 220 is arranged in a slide 226 which consists of a sleeve and a frame and has a rear rim 227 which holds the rear container end 224 and is adapted to fit a syringe needle 223 at its front end, and also has a radial stop 228 on which the movement of the slide 226 is limited by a rearward projection 229. In Fig. 2B. In the figure, the slide 226 is located in its outermost, front position, so that not only the syringe needle 223, but also the front part of the syringe container 221 is located in the front opening 211 of the housing 210.

-54 is outside, and the stop element 228 abuts the inside of the front part of the housing 210. From this position, the slide 226 can be moved back manually by means of an extension 229 accessible from the outside. The extensions 229 are arranged on both sides of the housing 210 so that they are connected to the sleeve of the slide 226 by means of stop elements 228 which run in slots 214 along the sides of the housing 210. The control valve 230, which has a hand-gripable part 231, is mounted around a valve shaft 232 which runs in the width direction of the housing 210 and is biased to its furthest position from the housing 210 by means of a rocker spring 233. In Fig. 2B. In Figure 1, however, the key 230 is shown in the depressed state and is held in this position by a key hook 234, the rear hook portion 235 of which is in contact with the key 230 and the front portion 236 of which is engaged with the projections 229 when the slide 226 moves rearwardly. The key further has two guide tracks 238, 238', one on each side of the slide 226, and the front track surface 239 of the guide tracks 238, 238' is of a circular arc design, centered about the key axis 232 and provided with teeth corresponding to the teeth of the gear wheels 242, 243 described. Rather than considering the guideways 238, 238' as part of the original key design, the guideways 238, 238' may be considered as part of the original force transmission 140, which will be described in more detail below. As in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the force acting on the key 230 has at least one component that is perpendicular to the syringe barrel 221 and the key 130 is arranged laterally with respect to the axis of the syringe barrel 221 and at least partially along the syringe barrel 221. The power transmission gear 240 is provided with a gear group 241, which has two large outer gears 242, 242' and an intermediate gear 243 with a smaller head circle, with which a different gear ratio can be achieved, and these are arranged in such a way that they are threaded onto a common wheel axle 244, which is mounted in bearings 245 fixed to the housing 210.

-55 is guided. The bearings 245 are larger in the direction of the height of the housing 210 than perpendicularly thereto, allowing the wheel shaft 244 and the gears 242, 242', 243 thereto to move upwards and to eliminate their connection with the racks 261, 261' described. The larger gears 242, 242' are always in contact with the raceway surfaces 239, 239' of the guideways 238, 238' and begin to rotate clockwise (as shown in Fig. 1A) when the key 230 is pressed, but rotate in a counterclockwise direction when the key 230 is released. The power transmission components can be considered common during the insertion and injection operations. Further components of the insertion arrangement are the piercing sleeve 250, which is arranged around and guides the syringe container 221, and a slide 226, which is arranged in the direction of the axis between its rear and front positions and includes two piercing racks 251, 251', which are arranged to cooperate with the gears 242, 242', further a ratchet gear 252, on which forwardly inclined teeth are formed, which cooperate with a similar structure arranged on the injection sleeve to be described, further clamps 253, which fix the stop elements 228 of the extensions 229, and fixing elements 254, which cooperate with a locking element 280 when fixing the syringe container 221 in the front position, as already described. The injector arrangement further includes an injector sleeve 260 which surrounds the piercing sleeve 250 and the piston rod 271, and a dose setting unit 270, to be described later. The injector sleeve 260 has two toothed injector racks 261, 261' which cooperate with the smaller gear 243, and an internal cam 262 which is provided with rearwardly inclined teeth which cooperate with the ratchet teeth 252 formed on the piercing sleeve 250 and prevent the injector sleeve 260 from moving rearwardly relative to the piercing sleeve 250, and a

-56272 screw threads 263 connected with threaded surface, and also 264 inclined surface, which serves to release the described locking element 280, and also 265 spring support, which is designed for the described return spring 291. The dose setting unit 270 has a piston rod 271, which acts on the movable partition 225 during injection, and also has a threaded surface 272, the threads of which cooperate with the screw threads 263, which are formed on the injector sleeve 260, and also a rear dose setting head 273, which is accessible by hand through the rear opening 213 of the housing 210. A locking element 280 is arranged inside the housing 210 and a resilient member 281 is biased towards the syringe barrel 221 and is arranged to deflect upwards and then move downwards behind the locking element 254 arranged on the insertion sleeve 250 at the end of the insertion movement, preventing rearward movements during the subsequent injection step. The locking element 280 is arranged to be released again at the end of the injection phase when the inclined surface 264 of the injection sleeve 260, which is always at the same distance independent of the dose setting, reaches the locking element 280 and lifts the resilient member 281, triggering the syringe needle retraction operation. The return arrangement 290 is provided with a return spring 291 which acts between a spring support 265 arranged on the injector sleeve 260 and a base 292 fixed to the housing 210.

Figure 2B shows the syringe 200 in the starting position with the control key 230 closed and the syringe barrel 221 at the very front. The syringe 200 is generally supplied in this condition with the needle 223 not connected to the front part 222 of the syringe barrel 221. The user first connects the needle 223 to the visible front part 222 of the syringe barrel 221 and removes any needle guard 223. Figure 2C shows the syringe 200 after these interventions. The user holds the syringe 200 with the needle 223 pointing upwards and then pulls the side projections 229 rearward until their stop elements 228

-57 do not reach the clamps 253, as shown in Fig. 2D. The syringe container 221 and its slide 226 are then fixed relative to the insertion sleeve 250 and the distance of movement is such that the front part of the syringe needle 223 and the syringe container 221 completely disappear in the front opening 211 of the housing. With the same movement, the projections 229 arrive at the front part 236 of the key hook 234 of the key 230 and the key hooks 234 are moved rearwardly to release the rear hook part 235 and release the control key 230, which under the action of the rocker spring 233 moves rearwardly and thus becomes ready for operation. The position of the tip of the piston rod 271 in the dose setting unit 270 is also adjusted to abut and displace the movable partition 225 a certain distance as the rear of the syringe barrel 221 moves before engaging the projections 229, thereby deaerating the syringe barrel 221. If the user wishes to administer less than the maximum dose, the user can twist the dose setting head 273 to move the dose setting unit 270 together with the piston rod 271 backwards, thereby creating a certain distance between the piston rod 271 and the movable partition 225, which distance corresponds to the portion of the dose that remains after injection, since the injection sleeve 260 is arranged to make a forward movement that is independent of the dose setting. The user then places the front opening of the housing 211 in the injection area and presses the control key 230, which first locks the guide track surfaces 239, 239' so that the wheel shaft 244 of the gears 242, 243 moves downward in the bearings 245 and the large wheels 242, 242' come into contact with the insertion racks 251, 251' and subsequently rotate the gear group 241 clockwise (Fig. 1A), pushing the insertion sleeve 250 together with the syringe barrel 221 forward until the locking element 254 of the insertion sleeve 250 reaches the locking element 280 and its elastic member 281. As shown in

As can be seen more clearly in Figure 582E, this movement extends the syringe needle 223 through the opening in the front portion 222 of the housing 210 to allow for the puncture and also moves the dose setting head 273 to an inaccessible position within the housing 210. The movement is shorter than the initial rearward movement of the syringe barrel 221 caused by the projections 229. This is to limit the outward movement of the syringe needle 223 to a suitable extent and to prevent the front portion 222 of the syringe barrel 221 from extending out of the housing, which was originally intended only to facilitate the attachment of the syringe needle. During this movement, the engagement between the internal cam 262 on the injector sleeve 260 and the ratchet teeth 252 on the insertion sleeve 250 is locked so that the injector sleeve 260, which contains the dose setting unit 270, also moves forward. Accordingly, the insertion movement occurs against the force of the return spring 291 and if the key 230 is released at any time before the insertion sleeve 250 reaches the locking element 280 and locks, the return spring 291 will return the parts again by retracting the syringe needle 223, thereby allowing another target area to be selected. After the locking element 280 is engaged, the regulating key 230 is released and the key 230 returns to its initial position in idle mode, as the rear force acting on the gear 241 lifts its wheel axle 244 in the bearing 245 to reach the interposing racks 251, 251'. In the closed position, the gear 241 and the small gear 243 reach a point above the injection racks 261, 261' and the large gears 242, 242' are located at the end of the interposing racks 251, 251'. When the control key 230 is pressed again, the small gear 243 comes into perfect contact with the injector racks 261, 261' and, due to the clockwise rotation of the gear 241, the injector sleeve 260 moves forward relative to the fixed insertion sleeve 250. Accordingly, the related parts in question form a coupling system which allows the changeover from

-59 from puncture to injection. The smaller diameter of the small gear 243 provides greater torque during the injection phase, which consequently requires a longer key stroke to move the corresponding sleeve 260. As a result, more strokes may be required on the key 230 to fully advance the injection sleeve 250. Any release or disengagement of the key 230 disengages the small gear 243 from the injection racks 261, 261' and repeated actuation of the key 230 re-establishes the connection, while the internal cam 262 and ratchet teeth 252 prevent any backward movement of the injection sleeve 260. Accordingly, the components in question act as a re-engagement system, allowing the actuation of the key 230 again and again. The operator may employ any combination of full or partial actuation of the key 230 during the injection operation until the injector sleeve 260 is fully advanced to its predetermined end position, as shown in FIG. 2F. 2G, where the inclined surface 264 lifts the resilient member 281 of the locking element 280, activating the return spring 291, which retracts the now shorter syringe barrel and syringe needle assembly 221 and the insertion sleeve 250, the injection sleeve 260 and the dose setting unit 270 back into the housing 210, - the process may be assisted by releasing a smaller key 230 - concealing the syringe needle 223 and leaving the dose setting unit 270 still inside, as shown in FIG. 2G. In this end position, the rearwardly extending projection 229 of the stop element 228 continuously raises the wheel axle 244 to its upper, disengaged position, preventing further engagement of the gear 243 with the injector rack 261, 261', thereby also disabling the control valve 230. Since in this state all control elements are in the off state or are hidden in the housing 210, the syringe 200 can be safely thrown away.

-60 In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the housing 310 has a hinged door 315 arranged in the front part of the housing 310, which has a front opening 311 for a syringe needle 323 and can be rotated about an axis 316. On the inside of the hinged door 315, a pin 317 (dotted line) is arranged, which can move along a track 355 (dotted line) formed on the upper extension 356 of the insertion sleeve 350. The control valve 330 is also provided with a temporary locking element 337, which can contact the locking mechanism 318 formed on the hinged door 315. The rocker spring 333 is designed as a coil spring. The locking elements 319, 319' of the hinged door 315 are arranged on the hinged door 315 and the housing 310 in such a way that the hinged door 315 is kept permanently closed when it is fully closed. As can be seen in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the syringe 300 also includes a transmission 340 for power transmission, an insertion sleeve 350 with a syringe barrel 320, and an injection sleeve 360 and a dose setting unit 371 with a dose setting screw 373 at the rear opening 313 of the housing 310 and a piston rod 371 arranged to act on a movable partition 325 of the syringe barrel 320, as well as a lock (not shown) near the end of the insertion path, and a syringe needle return arrangement 390 323.

The syringe 300 shown in Figure 3 is in a starting position in which it can be distributed to the end user. The user first removes the syringe guards 323. The hinged door 315 and the syringe guard 323 are preferably designed to mutually prevent the hinged door 315 from closing until the syringe guards 315 have been removed. It is advisable for the user to hold the syringe 323 upwards before closing the hinged door 315, since the venting and pre-injection occur in parallel. When the hinged door 315 is pivoted closed about its axis 316, the pin 317 moves along the track 355 and pushes the insertion sleeve 350 rearward, which pulls the injection sleeve 360 with it.

-61 and the dose setting unit 370 backwards, thereby retracting the syringe needle 323 behind the front opening 311 and exposing the dose setting screw 373, which appears in the rear opening 313 of the housing. In the final stage of the backward movement, the injection sleeve 360 with the dose setting unit 370 strikes a housing part not shown in the figure, so that for the remainder of the movement, the insertion sleeve 350 moves with the syringe barrel 320 towards the already stationary parts and therefore the piston rod 371 moves the movable partition 325 forward relative to the still moving syringe barrel 320, which movement is designed to take place for venting and pre-injection. Also, during the closing of the hinged door 315, the temporary locking element 337 of the regulating key 330 releases the locking mechanism 318 of the door, and therefore the regulating key 330, due to the action of the key spring 333, snaps into the starting position and becomes ready for operation. When the hinged door 315 is in the fully closed position, the locking elements 319, 319' are in constant contact with each other and the pin 317 leaves the track 355 at its lower end, thereby allowing the insertion sleeve 350 to move freely. The syringe 300 is now ready for use in the same manner as described in connection with FIG. 2 , i.e. for any dose adjustment by the dose adjustment screw 373, and for actuation of the control key 330 to perform the insertion of the syringe needle 323, and for one or more repeated key operations to perform the injection, followed by automatic needle retraction after the injector 360 has reached the most forward position of the sleeve.

Claims (98)

-62PATENT CLAIMS 1. A syringe, which is designed to operate a syringe barrel having a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, which is provided with a syringe opening for accommodating a syringe needle or opening into a syringe needle, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and at least one partition wall, which can be connected to a piston rod and can be moved, is fitted into the syringe barrel, and the syringe: a) is arranged in a house, and b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing between two positions, the two positions being a rear, syringe needle concealing position and a front, syringe needle exposing position, and c) is provided with an insertion arrangement for moving the syringe needle from a rearward position to a forward position, and d) is provided with an arrangement for moving the syringe needle at least to a rear, syringe needle-hiding position, and e) is equipped with an injection arrangement for removing at least the contents of the syringe barrel through the syringe barrel, and f) at least one control key arranged on the housing for operating at least the insertion arrangement and/or the injection arrangement, characterized in that the insertion arrangement, the injection arrangement and the control key (130) are connected to each other by a separate or unitary means (140) for operating the insertion arrangement and/or the injection arrangement by using the energy manually applied to the key (130), and the manual energy communicated to the key (130) -63 is provided with a switching element directing first to the insertion arrangement and then to the injection arrangement. 2. A syringe according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a direct force connection between the insertion arrangement and the syringe needle (123, 123'), the syringe barrel (121), or the slide (226). 3. The syringe of claim 1, wherein at least one component of the direction of movement of the valve (130) is perpendicular to the axis of the syringe needle (123, 123'). 4. The syringe according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve (130) is forced to move forward along a forced path. 5. The syringe of claim 3, wherein the valve (130) is at least partially forced to rotate about an axis of rotation (132). 6. The syringe of claim 5, wherein the axis of rotation (132) is arranged substantially in the width direction of the housing (110). 7. The syringe according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve (130) is arranged laterally with respect to the axis of the syringe needle (123, 123'). 8. A syringe according to claim 7, characterized in that the valve (130) is arranged at least partially between the ends of the axis of the syringe barrel (121). 9. The syringe according to claim 3, characterized in that the transmission (140) is an arrangement for converting the force exerted on the valve (130) into a force acting in the direction of the axis of the syringe needle (123, 123j) and/or the partition (125). 10. A syringe according to claim 9, characterized in that the conversion arrangement is of mechanical construction. 11. The syringe of claim 10, wherein the transducer arrangement is formed from elements selected from the group consisting of a wire, a belt, a hinged or a lever arrangement. 12. Syringe according to claim 11, characterized in that the conversion arrangement is provided with a wheel, preferably a gear wheel (242, 242', 243). 13. The syringe of claim 1, wherein the transmission (140) is provided with force-transducing components. 14. A syringe according to claim 13, characterized in that the force-transducing components in the injection arrangement are designed with a gear ratio greater than the gear ratio used in the insertion arrangement. 15. The syringe according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching element is adapted to perform the transition between the operating phases at a predetermined axial position between the syringe needle (123, 123') and the housing (110). 16. The syringe of claim 15, wherein the predetermined axis position of the syringe needle (123, 123') is at or near the syringe needle opening position. 17. Syringe according to claim 15, characterized in that a locking element (180) for fixing the syringe needle (123, 123j) in a predetermined axial position is arranged in the coupling element. 18. The syringe of claim 15, further comprising a device substantially fixed in position relative to the housing (110) for redirecting, releasing, or supporting the force acting on the control valve (1030) for the operation of the syringe assembly. 19. A syringe according to claim 15, characterized in that the phase transition in said axial position is enabled within the range of movement of the transmission (140). 20. A syringe according to claim 19, characterized in that the coupling element is provided with a ratchet mechanism. 21. A syringe according to claim 15, characterized in that the force is applied to the same point of the housing (110), the insertion movement bringing an operating element of the injection arrangement into said axial position. 22. A syringe according to claim 21, characterized in that the operating element is a cam (149) which is in force connection with the syringe barrel (121). 23. A syringe according to claim 21, characterized in that at least one gear is actuated by an attacking force at the same point of the housing. 24. Syringe according to claim 22, characterized in that during the phase transition a change between gear ratios (242, 243) is performed. 25. The syringe according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a locking element (180) for at least temporarily retaining the syringe needle (123, 123') in the first, syringe needle-revealing position. 26. The syringe of claim 1, wherein repeated actuation of the valve (130) is enabled by using a reconnection system. 27. A syringe according to claim 26, characterized in that the reconnection system is operated as a power transmission system in only one direction of movement of the valve (130). 28. The syringe of claim 26, wherein the reconnection system is configured to allow reverse phase operation. 29. A syringe according to claim 26, characterized in that the insertion movement is reversible. 30. The syringe of claim 26, wherein the reconnection system is capable of intermittently operating the injection arrangement. -66, the valve (130) is designed to allow pumping movement. 31. A syringe according to claim 30, characterized in that it is provided with a one-way arrangement acting on the movable partition (125) of the syringe barrel (121) to prevent the movable partition (125) from moving backwards. 32. A syringe according to claim 26, characterized in that the reconnection system is provided with at least one gear (242, 243) having a movable wheel axle (244) for disconnecting the connection. 33. The syringe according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve (130) is biased towards one of the end positions, preferably the end position further away from the housing (110). 34. The syringe of claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a syringe retractor arrangement. 35. Syringe according to claim 34, characterized in that the retraction of the syringe needle (123, 123') is achieved by stored energy, preferably by a counter spring compressed during its insertion movement. 36. A syringe according to claim 35, characterized in that the needle retraction is triggered by movement of the valve (130). 37. A syringe according to claim 35, characterized in that the needle retraction is automatically triggered at a specific point during the injection process. 38. The syringe of claim 1, wherein the syringe includes a dose setting mechanism. 39. The syringe of claim 1, wherein the slide (226) is arranged to allow the syringe barrel (121) to move rearwardly toward the housing while the movable partition (125) is moved forwardly relative to the syringe barrel (121). 40. The syringe according to claim 39, characterized in that by moving the movable partition (125), the breakthrough of the movable partition (125), deaeration, pre-injection or mixing of preparations is performed. 41. A syringe according to claim 39, characterized in that it is provided with a lever (141) for moving the syringe barrel (121). 42. A syringe according to claim 40, characterized in that a hinged door (315) is arranged on the arm (141). 43. A syringe according to claim 41, characterized in that the arm (141) has a force multiplier feature. 44. The syringe of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the maximum height to the maximum width of the housing (110) is greater than 1, preferably greater than 1.5. 45. The syringe of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the maximum length to the maximum height of the housing (110) is less than 4, preferably less than 3. 46. The syringe of claim 1, wherein the syringe barrel (121) is a two-chamber or multi-chamber syringe barrel (121). 47. A syringe according to claim 46, characterized in that the syringe barrel (121) is connected to the housing (110) by a threaded screw, the length of which is designed to be sufficient for the movement of the movable partition (125) for uniting the contents of the chamber. 48. The syringe according to claim 1, characterized in that the syringe needle (123, 123') is arranged to be movable relative to the syringe barrel (121). 49. A syringe according to claim 48, characterized in that the syringe barrel (121) is firmly fixed in the housing (110). 50. A syringe according to any one of claims 1 to 49, characterized in that a syringe needle (123, 123') is attached to the syringe barrel (121) for mutual axial movement. 51. A syringe, which is designed to operate a syringe barrel with a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, which is provided with a syringe opening for accommodating a syringe needle or opening into the syringe barrel, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and at least one partition wall, which can be connected to a piston rod and can be moved, is fitted into the syringe barrel, and the syringe: a) is arranged in a house, and b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing between two positions, the two positions being a rear, syringe needle concealing position and a front, syringe needle exposing position, and c) is provided with an insertion arrangement for moving the syringe needle from a rear position to a front position, and d) the syringe needle is provided with an arrangement for moving it at least to the rear, syringe needle-hiding position, and (e) is equipped with an injection arrangement for removing at least the contents of the syringe barrel through the syringe barrel, and f) at least one control key operating at least the insertion arrangement and/or the injection arrangement and arranged on the housing, characterized in that the key (130) is arranged on the housing (110) for rotational and translational movement relative to the housing and at least one component of said movements is perpendicular to the axis of the syringe needle (123, 123'), and a separate or unitary control key, comprising at least the insertion arrangement and connected to the key (130), for controlling the insertion arrangement during the movement by using the energy manually applied to the key (130) -69is provided with an actuating linkage (140) which is configured to move the syringe needle (123, 123') from its rear, syringe-hiding position at least partially forward to its front, syringe-revealing position. 52. A syringe according to claim 51, characterized in that it is configured with a feature according to any one of claims 1 to 50. 53. A syringe, which is designed to operate a syringe barrel having a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, for accommodating a syringe needle or having a syringe opening opening into the syringe needle, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and further, at least one movable partition wall, connectable to a piston rod and serving to move the contents of the syringe barrel, is fitted into the syringe barrel, and the syringe: a) is arranged in a house, and b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing, and c) is equipped with an injection arrangement for moving at least the movable partition of the syringe barrel forward, characterized in that a slide (226) is arranged in a manner that allows the syringe barrel (121) to move rearwardly towards the housing (110) while the movable partition (125) is moved forward relative to the syringe barrel (121), and is provided with an articulated arm (142) for moving the syringe barrel (121). 54. The syringe according to claim 53, characterized in that wall penetration, air venting, pre-injection or preparation mixing is performed by moving the movable partition (125). 55. The syringe of claim 53, wherein the arm (142) is a hinged door (315). 56. The syringe of claim 53, wherein the lever (142) is a force-amplifying lever (142). 57. A syringe according to claim 56, characterized in that it is provided with the features according to any one of claims 1 to 52. 58. A method for operating a syringe for operating a syringe barrel, wherein the syringe barrel is formed with a syringe opening suitable for connecting a syringe needle, and the syringe is further provided with a) a housing, and b) a slide for receiving the syringe needle or the syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing between two positions, the two positions being, on the one hand, a rear, syringe needle hiding position, and on the other hand, a front, syringe needle revealing position, and c) a pump mechanism for emptying the contents of the syringe barrel through the syringe needle, and d) at least one control valve for moving the syringe needle axially and/or activating the pump mechanism, and during the method: i) the syringe needle is moved from its rear position to its front position, and ii) the contents of the syringe barrel are emptied through the syringe needle by operating the pump mechanism, iii) the syringe barrel is moved to its rearward position, characterized in that a manual force is applied to the valve in order to move the valve, and as a first operation at least part of the force is transferred to the syringe barrel in order to bring the syringe needle at least partially from its rearward position to its first, operative position, and after the first operation at least part of the force is transferred to the pump mechanism in order to empty the contents of the syringe barrel through the syringe needle. 59. The method according to claim 58, characterized in that during the first operation the force is transferred directly to the syringe barrel, or the syringe cylinder, or the sliding carriage. 60. The method of claim 58, wherein the valve is moved with a rotational or translational motion relative to the housing, wherein at least one component of the motion during the movement is perpendicular to the axis of the syringe barrel. 61. The method of claim 60, characterized in that the force applied to the valve is converted into an axial force. 62. The method of claim 58, characterized in that the gear ratio between the movement of the valve and the movement of the syringe needle in the first step is selected to be greater than 0.1 and less than 10. 63. The method of claim 58, wherein the force enhancement is performed between the first operation and the second operation. 64. The method of claim 58, wherein a single keystroke is used for the first operation and the second operation. 65. The method of claim 58, wherein the first step comprises at least partially releasing the valve and at least partially reversibly moving the syringe needle rearward. 66. The method of claim 58, characterized in that between the first operation and the second operation, the key is at least partially released and moved in the opposite direction. 67. The method of claim 58, wherein the second operation comprises moving the key a second time. 68. The method of claim 58, characterized in that the second operation is performed by moving the key multiple times. 69. The method of claim 58, wherein the syringe needle is permanently or temporarily fixed in its first position between the first step and the second step. 70. The method of claim 58, further comprising, following the second step, moving the syringe needle from its forward position to its rearward position as a third step. 71. The method of claim 70, wherein the third operation is triggered by a control key. 72. The method according to claim 71, characterized in that the control valve is used for the triggering. 73. The method according to claim 72, characterized in that the triggering is performed by releasing the control valve after the second operation. 74. The method of claim 72, characterized in that the control valve is moved once more for the triggering. 75. The method of claim 70, wherein the third step is triggered at a predetermined content of the syringe barrel. 76. The method of claim 74, wherein the third step is performed by releasing stored energy. 77. The method of claim 58, further comprising adjusting the dose to be injected. 78. The method of claim 58, wherein the pump mechanism is actuated by moving a door on the syringe. 79. A method for operating a syringe for operating a syringe barrel, wherein the syringe barrel is formed with a syringe opening suitable for connecting a syringe needle, and the syringe is further provided with a) a housing, and b) a slide for receiving the syringe needle or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing between two positions, the two positions being a rear, syringe needle-hiding position and a front, syringe needle-revealing position, and c) a pump mechanism for emptying the contents of the syringe barrel through the syringe needle, and d) at least one control valve, -73by which the syringe needle is moved axially and/or the pump mechanism is activated, and during the process: i) the syringe needle is moved from the rear position to the first position, and ii) the contents of the syringe barrel are emptied through the syringe needle by operating the pump mechanism, iii) the syringe needle is optionally moved to its rear position, characterized in that a manual force is applied to the valve so that the valve performs a rotational movement or a translational movement relative to the housing, and at least one component of said movement is used perpendicular to the syringe barrel, and at least a part of the force is transferred to the syringe needle in order to move it from the rear covered position to the first, at least partially, syringe needle exposing position as a first operation. 80. The method according to claim 79, characterized in that the method steps according to any one of claims 58 to 78 are used. 81. Method for operating a syringe barrel having a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, provided with a syringe opening for accommodating a syringe needle or opening into a syringe needle, wherein the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and further, at least one movable partition wall, connectable to a piston rod and serving to move the contents of the syringe barrel, is inserted into the syringe barrel, and the syringe: a) arrange it in a house, and b) it is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing, and c) at least the movable partition of the syringe barrel is equipped with an injection arrangement that advances the injection, and d) connecting a hinged member to the housing, characterized in that the hinged member is moved and the movement of the hinged member is caused by the syringe cylinder being moved backwards -74 is transferred to its movement towards the housing while the movable partition is moved forward relative to the syringe barrel. 82. The method according to claim 81, characterized in that wall penetration, air venting, pre-injection and/or composition mixing are performed by moving the movable partition. 83. The method of claim 81, wherein the hinged member is a lockable door, the closing of which is effected by moving the hinged member. 84. The method of claim 83, wherein closing the door seals at least a portion of the syringe barrel. 85. The method of claim 81, wherein the operation triggered by the movement of the articulated member is performed by the control valve. 86. The method of claim 81, wherein the force exerted on the hinged member is amplified when it acts on the movable partition. 87. The method of claim 81, characterized in that it is carried out with the features of any one of claims 58 to 80. 88. A syringe, which is designed to operate a syringe barrel with a constant cross-section in the direction of its axis, which is provided with a syringe opening for accommodating a syringe needle or opening into a syringe needle, and the syringe opening is arranged on the front wall of the syringe barrel, and at least one movable partition, which can be connected to a piston rod and serves to move the contents of the syringe barrel, is fitted into the syringe barrel, and the syringe: a) is arranged in a house, and b) is provided with a slide for receiving the syringe needle or syringe barrel and moving it axially relative to the housing, and c) is equipped with an injection arrangement for advancing at least the movable partition wall of the injection cylinder, characterized in that the fees -75- In the syringe (100) at least one rack (251) is arranged, which is at least partially coaxial or parallel to the axis of the syringe barrel (121) and is connected to a piston rod (161) or a cam (149) arrangement, by means of which the movable partition is arranged to be at least movable forwardly, and a gear (242', 243) is connected to a wheel axle (244) such that the wheel axle (244) is directly or indirectly connected to the housing (110) so that it can be moved between two axial positions, and the gear (242', 243) is in contact with the rack (251) in a first axial position, and the connection maintained with the rack (251) is terminated in its second axial position. 89. A syringe according to claim 88, characterized in that the rack (251) and the gear (242', 243) are meshed. 90. The syringe according to claim 88, characterized in that an actuator is movably connected to the housing (110), which is connected to the drive gear (242', 243) optionally by means of intermediate parts or wheels. 91. A syringe according to claim 90, characterized in that the actuating element is arranged such that, upon actuation, the movement of the drive gear (242', 243) to the first position is permitted. 92. The syringe of claim 91, wherein the actuator is connected to the drive gear (242', 243) for forward movement of the rack (251) when the drive gear (242', 243) is biased toward the first position. 93. A syringe according to claim 90, characterized in that the actuating element is a second gear (243) or is provided with such a gear (243). 94. The syringe of claim 90, wherein the actuating element is a control valve (130). 95. The syringe according to claim 94, characterized in that the connection between the valve (130) and the drive gear (242', 243) is implemented on a forced path surface. 96. The syringe of claim 95, wherein the key (130) is rotatable about a key axis (132) disposed on the housing (110), and the constrained path surface has a curvature substantially centered on the key axis (132) of the key (130). 97. The syringe according to claim 90, characterized in that there is a gear (242', 243) gear ratio change between the actuating element and the rack (251). 98. A syringe according to claim 88, characterized in that it is provided with the features according to any one of claims 1 to 57. A. instead of the notifier, the authorized person) DANUBIA Patent and Trademark Office Ltd. Our file number: 95656-165OB/FT-Ko Our administrator: Tamás Farkas