ID24255A - Proses pembuatan dengan aroma tajam - Google Patents
Proses pembuatan dengan aroma tajamInfo
- Publication number
- ID24255A ID24255A IDW991593A ID991593A ID24255A ID 24255 A ID24255 A ID 24255A ID W991593 A IDW991593 A ID W991593A ID 991593 A ID991593 A ID 991593A ID 24255 A ID24255 A ID 24255A
- Authority
- ID
- Indonesia
- Prior art keywords
- making
- sharp aroma
- aroma
- sharp
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C6/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions
- C07C6/08—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond
- C07C6/12—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond of exclusively hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C6/126—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond of exclusively hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring of more than one hydrocarbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- C07C2529/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups C07C2529/08 - C07C2529/65
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/874,875 US5942651A (en) | 1997-06-13 | 1997-06-13 | Process for converting C9 + aromatic hydrocarbons to lighter aromatic products by transalkylation in the prescence of two zeolite-containing catalysts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ID24255A true ID24255A (id) | 2000-07-13 |
Family
ID=25364770
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IDW991593A ID24255A (id) | 1997-06-13 | 1998-06-12 | Proses pembuatan dengan aroma tajam |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5942651A (id) |
| EP (1) | EP0988265B1 (id) |
| JP (1) | JP4021943B2 (id) |
| KR (1) | KR100534062B1 (id) |
| CN (1) | CN1111518C (id) |
| AU (1) | AU738979B2 (id) |
| BG (1) | BG103960A (id) |
| CA (1) | CA2290694C (id) |
| DE (1) | DE69807476T2 (id) |
| ES (1) | ES2180181T3 (id) |
| ID (1) | ID24255A (id) |
| PL (1) | PL337778A1 (id) |
| PT (1) | PT988265E (id) |
| RU (1) | RU2183611C2 (id) |
| TW (1) | TW402587B (id) |
| WO (1) | WO1998056741A1 (id) |
Families Citing this family (63)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7569136B2 (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 2009-08-04 | Ackerson Michael D | Control system method and apparatus for two phase hydroprocessing |
| US6750446B2 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2004-06-15 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Ultrasonic-welding apparatus, optical sensor and rotation sensor for the ultrasonic-welding apparatus |
| US6815570B1 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2004-11-09 | Uop Llc | Shaped catalysts for transalkylation of aromatics for enhanced xylenes production |
| US7148391B1 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2006-12-12 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Heavy aromatics processing |
| US7553791B2 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2009-06-30 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Heavy aromatics conversion catalyst composition and processes therefor and therewith |
| US6893624B2 (en) | 2002-11-15 | 2005-05-17 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | High activity small crystal ZSM-12 |
| ITMI20022712A1 (it) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-21 | Polimeri Europa Spa | Composizione catalitica e processo per la transalchilazione di idrocarburi. |
| US6958425B1 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2005-10-25 | Uop Llc | Aromatics transalkylation to ethylbenzene and xylenes |
| US6855854B1 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2005-02-15 | Uop Llc | Process and apparatus for ethylbenzene production and transalkylation to xylene |
| US6872866B1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-03-29 | Uop Llc | Liquid phase process for C8 alkylaromatic isomerization |
| US6972348B2 (en) | 2004-03-24 | 2005-12-06 | Uop Llc | Catalytic conversion of polycyclic aromatics into xylenes |
| FR2877665B1 (fr) * | 2004-11-09 | 2006-12-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de transalkylation d'hydrocarbures alkylaromatiques mis en oeuvre dans deux zones reactionnelles |
| US20070049780A1 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2007-03-01 | Schwartz Hilary E | Methods of making xylene isomers |
| US20100179360A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2010-07-15 | Toray Industries, Inc., A Corporation Of Japan | Method for conversion of ethylbenzene and process for production of para-xylene |
| US7566810B2 (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2009-07-28 | Uop Llc | Xylene production processes employing rhenium-containing catalysts |
| US7847137B2 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2010-12-07 | Uop Llc | Xylene production processes with integrated feedstock treatment |
| US7776283B2 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2010-08-17 | Uop Llc | Xylene production apparatus with integrated feedstock treatment |
| US7663010B2 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2010-02-16 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Heavy aromatics processing catalyst and process of using the same |
| JP5340620B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-27 | 2013-11-13 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 触媒組成物及び芳香族炭化水素の製造方法 |
| US20100029467A1 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2010-02-04 | Tomoyuki Inui | Multiple zeolite catalyst |
| US8653315B2 (en) | 2008-07-30 | 2014-02-18 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Multiple zeolite catalyst and method of using the same for toluene disproportionation |
| CN201340888Y (zh) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-11-04 | 东莞新能源科技有限公司 | 锂离子电池 |
| US8163966B2 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2012-04-24 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Aromatics processing catalyst system |
| SG191570A1 (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2013-07-31 | Exxonmobil Chem Patents Inc | Transalkylation of heavy aromatic hydrocarbon feedstocks |
| US8071828B2 (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2011-12-06 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Transalkylation of heavy aromatic hydrocarbon feedstocks |
| US8586809B2 (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2013-11-19 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Purification of transalkylation feedstock |
| CN103120954B (zh) * | 2011-11-18 | 2015-04-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 稠环芳烃制取单环芳烃催化剂 |
| CN103120952B (zh) * | 2011-11-18 | 2015-02-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 歧化与烷基转移催化剂及其制备方法 |
| WO2013095815A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-27 | Uop Llc | Enhanced aromatics production by low pressure end point reduction and selective hydrogenation and hydrodealkylation |
| KR101676151B1 (ko) | 2012-04-19 | 2016-11-14 | 사우디 아라비안 오일 컴퍼니 | 크실렌 생산을 극대화하기 위한 조합된 중질 개질유 탈알킬화-알킬교환 공정 |
| US20140100403A1 (en) * | 2012-10-05 | 2014-04-10 | Uop Llc | Low pressure transalkylation process |
| WO2014193563A1 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-04 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Transalkylation system |
| CN103467238B (zh) * | 2013-08-23 | 2016-08-10 | 宁夏宝塔石化科技实业发展有限公司 | 一种对二甲苯的生产方法 |
| US9783462B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2017-10-10 | Saudi Basic Industries Corporation | Toluene methylation with transalkylation of heavy aromatics |
| WO2015187363A1 (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-10 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Transalkylation of heavy aromatic hydrocarbon feedstocks |
| US10472305B2 (en) | 2014-08-06 | 2019-11-12 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Heat integration in disproportionation or transalkylation processes |
| RU2665477C2 (ru) * | 2014-10-31 | 2018-08-30 | Чайна Петролеум & Кемикал Корпорейшн | Способ получения ароматических углеводородов |
| US10781149B2 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2020-09-22 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Transalkylation process |
| WO2016099618A1 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Sulfiding process for aromatic transalkylation |
| US10053403B2 (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2018-08-21 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Catalyst compositions and their use in transalkylation of heavy aromatics to xylenes |
| US10118165B2 (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2018-11-06 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Catalyst compositions and use in heavy aromatics conversion processes |
| KR102252012B1 (ko) | 2016-10-04 | 2021-05-17 | 엑손모빌 케미칼 패턴츠 인코포레이티드 | 중질 방향족 탄화수소의 불균화 및 알킬교환 |
| KR102534347B1 (ko) | 2016-10-10 | 2023-05-22 | 엑손모빌 케미칼 패턴츠 인코포레이티드 | 중질 방향족의 btx로의 전환 공정 및 사용된 촉매 조성물 |
| US10173950B2 (en) | 2017-01-04 | 2019-01-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated process for the production of benzene and xylenes from heavy aromatics |
| CN108264445B (zh) * | 2017-01-04 | 2021-02-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 甲苯歧化与/或烷基转移反应的方法 |
| US10035742B1 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2018-07-31 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process for maximizing xylenes production from heavy aromatics for use therein |
| US10252958B2 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2019-04-09 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process for xylene production with energy optimization |
| US10464868B2 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2019-11-05 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process for maximizing production of xylenes from heavy reformate without purge |
| US10661260B2 (en) | 2017-06-15 | 2020-05-26 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Zeolite composite catalysts for conversion of heavy reformate to xylenes |
| EP3539651B1 (en) | 2018-03-14 | 2025-09-17 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method of heavy reformate conversion into btx over metal-impregnated zsm-5+layered mordenite zeolite composite catalyst; said composite catalyst |
| EP3785797B1 (en) | 2018-03-14 | 2024-04-24 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Heavy reformate conversion into xylenes using composite zeolite catalysts |
| EP3834931A1 (en) | 2018-03-14 | 2021-06-16 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Composite zeolite catalysts for heavy reformate conversion into xylenes |
| EP3539652A1 (en) | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-18 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method of heavy reformate conversion into btx over metal-impregnated zsm-5+mesoporous mordenite zeolite composite catalyst |
| US10894755B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2021-01-19 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated process for optimum production of para-xylene |
| US10696609B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2020-06-30 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated process for maximizing production of para-xylene from full reformate |
| US10501389B1 (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2019-12-10 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process and system for the production of para-xylene and benzene from streams rich in C6 to C12+ aromatics |
| TWI749489B (zh) | 2019-03-29 | 2021-12-11 | 美商艾克頌美孚化學專利股份有限公司 | 用於轉化芳族化合物之觸媒及方法 |
| WO2020205444A1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Catalysts and processes for converting aromatics |
| CN112745926A (zh) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-05-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 处理催化裂解汽油的方法和系统、多产低碳烯烃和轻质芳烃的工艺和装置 |
| US10981160B1 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2021-04-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Composite hierarchical zeolite catalyst for heavy reformate conversion to xylenes |
| JP2023542418A (ja) | 2020-09-27 | 2023-10-06 | 中国石油化工股▲ふん▼有限公司 | 不均化およびトランスアルキル化触媒、ならびに調製、ならびにそれらの利用 |
| US12098121B2 (en) | 2023-02-07 | 2024-09-24 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methods for producing xylenes with limited ethylbenzene production |
| CN117943109A (zh) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-04-30 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | 一种用于多环芳烃加氢裂化制取苯及烷基苯的催化剂 |
Family Cites Families (37)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3308069A (en) * | 1964-05-01 | 1967-03-07 | Mobil Oil Corp | Catalytic composition of a crystalline zeolite |
| US3702886A (en) * | 1969-10-10 | 1972-11-14 | Mobil Oil Corp | Crystalline zeolite zsm-5 and method of preparing the same |
| US3729409A (en) * | 1970-12-24 | 1973-04-24 | Mobil Oil Corp | Hydrocarbon conversion |
| JPS517655B1 (id) * | 1970-12-28 | 1976-03-10 | ||
| US3832449A (en) * | 1971-03-18 | 1974-08-27 | Mobil Oil Corp | Crystalline zeolite zsm{14 12 |
| US3767568A (en) * | 1971-03-19 | 1973-10-23 | Mobil Oil Corp | Hydrocarbon conversion |
| US3957621A (en) * | 1974-06-17 | 1976-05-18 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons |
| US3948758A (en) * | 1974-06-17 | 1976-04-06 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons |
| US3965208A (en) * | 1975-01-06 | 1976-06-22 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Methylation of toluene |
| US4100215A (en) * | 1974-09-25 | 1978-07-11 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Selective production of para-xylene |
| US4001346A (en) * | 1975-01-06 | 1977-01-04 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Selective production of para-xylene |
| US3965209A (en) * | 1975-01-06 | 1976-06-22 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Selective production of para-xylene |
| US4052476A (en) * | 1975-04-24 | 1977-10-04 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Toluene disproportionation over zeolite catalyst |
| US4016218A (en) * | 1975-05-29 | 1977-04-05 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Alkylation in presence of thermally modified crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst |
| US4016219A (en) * | 1975-08-22 | 1977-04-05 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Disproportionation of toluene |
| US4007231A (en) * | 1975-11-24 | 1977-02-08 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Selective production of para-xylene |
| US4029716A (en) * | 1975-12-08 | 1977-06-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Selective production of para-xylene |
| US4011276A (en) * | 1976-04-28 | 1977-03-08 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Disproportionation of toluene |
| US4117026A (en) * | 1976-05-12 | 1978-09-26 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Selective production of para dialkyl substituted benzenes |
| US4150062A (en) * | 1976-12-20 | 1979-04-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Light olefin processing |
| US4127471A (en) * | 1977-07-28 | 1978-11-28 | Texaco Inc. | Hydrocracking alkylaromatic-containing hydrocarbons at mild cracking conditions and then subjecting the alkylaromatic hydrocarbon to alkyl transfer |
| US4152364A (en) * | 1978-01-19 | 1979-05-01 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Selective production of para-xylene |
| US4418235A (en) * | 1980-02-14 | 1983-11-29 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Hydrocarbon conversion with zeolite having enhanced catalytic activity |
| US4380685A (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1983-04-19 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Shape selective reactions with zeolite catalysts modified with iron and/or cobalt |
| DE3117135A1 (de) * | 1981-04-30 | 1982-11-18 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Kristallines alumosilicat, verfahren zu dessen herstellung sowie dessen verwendung zur katalytischen umwandlung von methanol und/oder dimethylether in kohlenwasserstoffe |
| US4365104A (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1982-12-21 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Para-selective zeolite catalysts treated with sulfur compounds |
| US4367359A (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1983-01-04 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Para-selective zeolite catalysts treated with carbon dioxide |
| US4370508A (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1983-01-25 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Para-selective zeolite catalysts treated with nitrogen compounds |
| ZA861382B (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-10-28 | Mobil Oil Corp | Process for improving the octane number of cracked gasolines |
| US4954325A (en) * | 1986-07-29 | 1990-09-04 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Composition of synthetic porous crystalline material, its synthesis and use |
| US4812223A (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1989-03-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Hydrocracking naphthas using mildly steamed, noble metal-containing zeolite beta |
| US4857666A (en) * | 1987-09-11 | 1989-08-15 | Uop | Alkylation/transalkylation process |
| US4891458A (en) * | 1987-12-17 | 1990-01-02 | Innes Robert A | Liquid phase alkylation or transalkylation process using zeolite beta |
| SG43877A1 (en) * | 1989-12-13 | 1997-11-14 | Mobil Oil Corp | A process for the catalytic converson of a c9+ aromatics feed |
| US5030787A (en) * | 1990-01-24 | 1991-07-09 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Catalytic disproportionation/transalkylation utilizing a C9+ aromatics feed |
| US5406016A (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1995-04-11 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Transalkylation of benzene with heavy catalytic naphtha |
| TW504501B (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 2002-10-01 | Mobil Oil Corp | Process for converting feedstock comprising C9+ aromatic hydrocarbons to lighter aromatic products |
-
1997
- 1997-06-13 US US08/874,875 patent/US5942651A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-03-16 TW TW087103842A patent/TW402587B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-12 PT PT98929047T patent/PT988265E/pt unknown
- 1998-06-12 EP EP98929047A patent/EP0988265B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 ID IDW991593A patent/ID24255A/id unknown
- 1998-06-12 WO PCT/US1998/012311 patent/WO1998056741A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-12 CN CN98805980A patent/CN1111518C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 DE DE69807476T patent/DE69807476T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-12 RU RU2000100988/04A patent/RU2183611C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-12 CA CA002290694A patent/CA2290694C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-12 AU AU80705/98A patent/AU738979B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-12 PL PL98337778A patent/PL337778A1/xx unknown
- 1998-06-12 ES ES98929047T patent/ES2180181T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 JP JP50328599A patent/JP4021943B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 KR KR10-1999-7011329A patent/KR100534062B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-12-07 BG BG103960A patent/BG103960A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0988265A4 (en) | 2000-10-04 |
| EP0988265A1 (en) | 2000-03-29 |
| AU8070598A (en) | 1998-12-30 |
| AU738979B2 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
| WO1998056741A1 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
| RU2183611C2 (ru) | 2002-06-20 |
| PL337778A1 (en) | 2000-09-11 |
| CA2290694C (en) | 2008-07-29 |
| DE69807476T2 (de) | 2003-01-02 |
| ES2180181T3 (es) | 2003-02-01 |
| JP2002504946A (ja) | 2002-02-12 |
| US5942651A (en) | 1999-08-24 |
| KR100534062B1 (ko) | 2005-12-07 |
| JP4021943B2 (ja) | 2007-12-12 |
| TW402587B (en) | 2000-08-21 |
| CN1111518C (zh) | 2003-06-18 |
| BG103960A (en) | 2000-06-30 |
| PT988265E (pt) | 2002-11-29 |
| DE69807476D1 (de) | 2002-10-02 |
| CN1259930A (zh) | 2000-07-12 |
| CA2290694A1 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
| KR20010013333A (ko) | 2001-02-26 |
| EP0988265B1 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
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