IE36459L - Mirror with electrical resistance-heating means - Google Patents

Mirror with electrical resistance-heating means

Info

Publication number
IE36459L
IE36459L IE720730A IE73072A IE36459L IE 36459 L IE36459 L IE 36459L IE 720730 A IE720730 A IE 720730A IE 73072 A IE73072 A IE 73072A IE 36459 L IE36459 L IE 36459L
Authority
IE
Ireland
Prior art keywords
layer
sheets
glass
sheet
coating
Prior art date
Application number
IE720730A
Other versions
IE36459B1 (en
Original Assignee
Glaverbel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Glaverbel filed Critical Glaverbel
Publication of IE36459L publication Critical patent/IE36459L/en
Publication of IE36459B1 publication Critical patent/IE36459B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G1/00—Mirrors; Picture frames or the like, e.g. provided with heating, lighting or ventilating means
    • A47G1/02—Mirrors used as equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet with at least one intermediate air space
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • F24D13/022—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
    • G02B7/181—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors with means for compensating for changes in temperature or for controlling the temperature; thermal stabilisation
    • G02B7/1815—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors with means for compensating for changes in temperature or for controlling the temperature; thermal stabilisation with cooling or heating systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H05B3/845—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields specially adapted for reflecting surfaces, e.g. bathroom - or rearview mirrors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mirrors, Picture Frames, Photograph Stands, And Related Fastening Devices (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)

Abstract

1391425 Resistance heating elements GLAVERBEL 7 June 1972 [9 June 1971] 19736/71 Heading H5M An electrically heated mirror comprises a resistance heating element in the form of a coating separated from the light reflecting coating by a solid insulating layer. The heating element may be in the form of a continuous coating or in the form of a plurality of discrete coatings. The heating element may be made from Au, Cu, Ag, Al, Cr, SnO 2 , In 2 O 3 or graphite. The insulating layer may be in the form of a coating of TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Cr 2 O 3 , CoO, Fe 2 O 3 and Sr 2 O 3 . It may be formed by glass sheets, sheets of organic polymeric material ceramic sheets or vitroceramic sheets. In Fig. 1, a sheet 1 of chemically tempered float glass or sodalime glass of specified composition is coated with a silver reflecting layer 2, a protective copper layer 3 and a protective paint or varnish layer 4. A second chemically or thermally tempered or soda-lime glass sheet 5 is coated with a gold resistive layer 6, preferably coated on one or both sides with a layer of Bi 2 O 3 , or by a 95% Al, 5% Sb alloy by abrasion transfer from a rotating disc of said alloy, or by a coating of SnO 2 . The two coated sheets 1 and 5 are secured together by a polyvinylbutyral foil 7 which is softened by heat and pressure. In an alternative embodiment (Fig. 3, not shown), the coated glass sheets are separated from each other by a silicone spacer glued to the uncoated margins of the sheets to form a sealed space between the sheets. The heating element may be a coating of In 2 O 3 or Cu strips glued by polyvinylbutyral to the heated sheet. In a modification of this embodiment (Fig. 4, not shown), the heated sheet comprises a heating element sandwiched between two glass sheets. The heating element may be polyvinylbutyral sheet coated with graphite. In Fig. 5 (not shown), a sheet of glass carrying the reflective layer has a further insulating layer of Cr 2 O 3 protecting the reflecting layer and is spaced from a glass layer provided with a heating layer by a pair of metal frame members which act as supply electrode. Further insulated or insulating frame members may be provided on the other margins of the glass sheets. In Fig. 6 (not shown), a glass sheet provided with a resistive layer protected by an insulating SiO 2 coating is secured in spaced relation to a glass sheet coated with a reflecting layer by ceramic frame members and two brass electrodes which seal the space between the sheets. In Fig. 7, not shown, a silvered glass sheet bearing a protective silicone layer and a glass sheet bearing a heating element composed of graphite impregnated polyvinylbutyral protected by a plastics sheet are secured together by adhesive tapes around the sheet margins. In Fig. 8 (not shown), a glass sheet with a reflective coating protected by an insulating P.T.F.E. is clamped to a sheet provided with an aluminium resistor by marginal clamps. In Fig. 9 (not shown), a glass sheet with a reflecting layer is clamped to a glass sheet bearing a heating layer so that the reflecting layer is insulated from the heating layer by the glass sheet. In Fig. 10 (not shown), a tinted mirror comprises a single glass sheet with a transparent gold resistive layer on one surface and a silver reflecting layer on the other surface. The glass sheets may be replaced by wired glass sheets or vitroceramic sheets. The mirror may be used as a space heater. In one embodiment, the sheet carrying the reflecting coating is spaced from that carrying the resistive coating by a sealed space filled with dry gas at reduced pressure, the rise in this gas pressure causing bowing of the sheets. [GB1391425A]
IE730/72A 1971-06-09 1972-05-31 Electrically heated panels IE36459B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1973671A GB1391425A (en) 1971-06-09 1971-06-09 Electrically heated panels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
IE36459L true IE36459L (en) 1972-12-09
IE36459B1 IE36459B1 (en) 1976-11-10

Family

ID=10134344

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
IE730/72A IE36459B1 (en) 1971-06-09 1972-05-31 Electrically heated panels

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3790748A (en)
AT (1) AT327343B (en)
BE (1) BE784185A (en)
CA (1) CA981319A (en)
CH (1) CH558123A (en)
DE (1) DE2227712A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2140415B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1391425A (en)
IE (1) IE36459B1 (en)
IL (1) IL39610A (en)
IT (1) IT965098B (en)
NL (1) NL7207822A (en)

Families Citing this family (46)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU74641A1 (en) * 1976-03-25 1977-10-10
US4367388A (en) * 1979-06-06 1983-01-04 Hitachi Heating Appliances Co., Ltd. Cooking heating apparatus
CH638055A5 (en) 1979-06-07 1983-08-31 Siv Soc Italiana Vetro HEATING MIRROR FOR ESTABLISHING AN EXTERIOR MIRROR ELEMENT FOR A VEHICLE.
US4382177A (en) * 1980-09-15 1983-05-03 Heaney James J Substantially transparent insulating anti-condensation structure
US4568281A (en) * 1981-05-26 1986-02-04 Harvey Thomas E Heated dental mirror
US4459470A (en) * 1982-01-26 1984-07-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Glass heating panels and method for preparing the same from architectural reflective glass
DE3309024A1 (en) * 1983-03-14 1984-09-20 Deutsche Spezialglas Ag, 3223 Delligsen Heatable mirror having a back surface protected against corrosion
US4665304A (en) * 1984-05-04 1987-05-12 Spencer A George Anti-condensation mirror
DE3700076A1 (en) * 1987-01-02 1988-07-14 Flachglas Ag MULTIPLE-WAY INSULATING GLASS FOR REFRIGERATORS OR THE LIKE
US4940317A (en) * 1988-08-01 1990-07-10 Ronnie Reuben Electric heating device for mirror
US4857711A (en) * 1988-08-16 1989-08-15 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Positive temperature coefficient heater
US4931627A (en) * 1988-08-16 1990-06-05 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Positive temperature coefficient heater with distributed heating capability
CH678143A5 (en) * 1989-05-22 1991-08-15 Nestle Sa
US5083009A (en) * 1989-06-16 1992-01-21 Carl Reiser Fog-resistant mirror assembly
US5406049A (en) * 1989-06-16 1995-04-11 Reiser; Carl Fog-resistant mirror assembly
LU87797A1 (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-03-11 Glaverbel HEATING MIRROR
US5446576A (en) * 1990-11-26 1995-08-29 Donnelly Corporation Electrochromic mirror for vehicles with illumination and heating control
BE1005519A3 (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-08-31 Timmermans Jan Maximiliaan Eli Mirror and method for protecting a layer of a mirror reflecting.
US5408069A (en) * 1993-09-28 1995-04-18 Mischel, Jr.; James V. Self-defogging mirror
US5459533A (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-10-17 See Clear Eyewear Inc. Defogging eye wear
FR2717033B3 (en) * 1994-03-02 1996-06-28 Saint Gobain Vitrage Int Heated mirror with laminated structure.
CA2170338C (en) * 1996-02-26 2005-06-21 Heinz Zorn Heated mirror
DE29606416U1 (en) * 1996-04-06 1996-06-27 Mekra Rangau Plastics GmbH & Co KG, 90765 Fürth Exterior rear-view mirrors for motor vehicles, in particular commercial vehicles
IT1283675B1 (en) * 1996-08-02 1998-04-23 Cadif Srl ELECTRIC MIRROR HEATING
JPH1064669A (en) * 1996-08-21 1998-03-06 Tokyo Cosmos Electric Co Ltd Planar heating element for mirror and its manufacturing method
FR2770737B1 (en) * 1997-10-31 2004-06-25 Muller Et Cie HEATING MIRROR
US20040071983A1 (en) * 1998-05-28 2004-04-15 Isoclima S.P.A. Heated mirror, particularly for vehicles, and method for manufacturing it
ITPD980134A1 (en) * 1998-05-28 1999-11-28 Isoclima Spa HEATABLE MIRROR STRUCTURE, ESPECIALLY FOR VEHICLES, AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS REALIZATION
DE19922778A1 (en) 1999-05-18 2000-11-23 Mekra Lang Gmbh & Co Kg Heated rearview mirror
AUPQ272099A0 (en) * 1999-09-09 1999-09-30 Pillinger, Barry Ernest Laminated anti-fogging mirror assembly
DE10115204A1 (en) * 2001-03-27 2002-10-10 Inglas Innovative Glassysteme Heating composite glass, used as heating element in e.g. baths, comprises two glass panes joined by composite layer to form laminate with mirror surface
DE20105791U1 (en) * 2001-04-03 2002-08-14 MEKRA Lang GmbH & Co. KG, 90765 Fürth Mirror arrangement for motor vehicles
DE20106977U1 (en) 2001-04-23 2002-08-29 Mekra Lang Gmbh & Co Kg Warning device in motor vehicles
AT410573B (en) * 2001-12-07 2003-06-25 Czapka Linda Mag GLASS COMPOSITE
DE20304873U1 (en) * 2003-03-25 2004-08-05 Karl Otto Platz Consulting E.K. mirror
WO2006092402A1 (en) * 2005-03-02 2006-09-08 Glaverbel Heatable mirror
DE102005016536A1 (en) * 2005-04-08 2006-10-12 Point-Europe Ltd. Heated mirror for a living room
KR100819520B1 (en) * 2006-03-24 2008-04-07 박종진 Electric heating mirror manufacturing method and the mirror
FR2903563B1 (en) * 2006-07-07 2008-08-22 Saint Gobain ELECTRIC HEATING MIRROR
JP2008243774A (en) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-09 Seiko Epson Corp Device with surface heater
DE102009022238A1 (en) * 2009-05-20 2010-11-25 Kraussmaffei Technologies Gmbh Process for the production of plastic molded parts with an integrated conductor track
DE102010038079A1 (en) * 2010-10-08 2012-04-12 Peter Bäumler Laminated glass and process for its production
JP6071024B2 (en) 2013-02-25 2017-02-01 コーニング インコーポレイテッド Method for manufacturing a thin glass plate
EP2961709A1 (en) 2013-02-28 2016-01-06 Corning Incorporated Glass mirror apparatus and methods of manufacturing a glass mirror apparatus
DE102020203075A1 (en) * 2019-05-26 2020-11-26 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Sealing arrangement for the static sealing of a component that is at risk of icing
EP3994106A4 (en) * 2019-07-03 2022-09-07 Central Glass Company, Limited Glazing having an electrical connector

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US3052787A (en) * 1959-08-31 1962-09-04 Gen Motors Corp Heated mirror
US3160736A (en) * 1962-09-11 1964-12-08 Thomas V Catterson Anti-fogging mirror
US3272900A (en) * 1963-05-13 1966-09-13 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Method of fabrication of laminated structures
US3299253A (en) * 1963-10-30 1967-01-17 Sierracin Corp Warming device
US3530275A (en) * 1968-10-31 1970-09-22 Duyane J Rust Condensation control for mirrors
US3597586A (en) * 1969-04-03 1971-08-03 Stephen M Rebovich Mounting apparatus for anti-condensation mirror

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2227712A1 (en) 1972-12-21
IL39610A (en) 1975-08-31
CH558123A (en) 1975-01-15
NL7207822A (en) 1972-12-12
BE784185A (en) 1972-11-30
CA981319A (en) 1976-01-06
ATA496472A (en) 1975-04-15
AT327343B (en) 1976-01-26
FR2140415A1 (en) 1973-01-19
US3790748A (en) 1974-02-05
IL39610A0 (en) 1972-08-30
FR2140415B1 (en) 1978-07-07
IE36459B1 (en) 1976-11-10
GB1391425A (en) 1975-04-23
IT965098B (en) 1974-01-31

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