IL35105A - Process and compositions for optical brightening of organic fibrous substrates - Google Patents

Description

Process and compositions for opticall brightening of organic fibrous substrates 33338 The present invention concerns a process for optically brightening organic fibre material with water soluble optical In accordance with the invention a is treated by an extractive process with an optical brightening a water soluble in an organic solvent having a capacity of taking water in an not by and a the ant soluble in the solvent is removed the substrate and the latter is subjected to a after Optical brightening compositions suitable for use in the process of the invention are obtained by dispersing a water soluble optical brightener in an solvent in the sence of a surfactant soluble in the organic For this purpose the optical the solvent and the factant may be admixed stirring or preferably the optical brightener and the surfactant are first processed into a pasty which composition is then introduced into the vent while this manner a stable optical brightening dispersio is From among the large number of organic solvents only those are suitable for carrying out the process according to the which at take up a very small amount of about to maximum by Examples of such solvents are gasoline such as petroleum bensene and halogen or lower substituted such as and alicyclic compounds such as tetraline and cyclohexane Preferred solvents are halogenated aliphatic for example the solvents used for dry cleaning such as trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene and also methylenec loride carbontetrachloride and the chlorinated ethanes such as and Mixtures of the above mentioned solvents may also be The optical that may be used in ance with the present invention may belong to different classes of chemical but must contain at least one solubilising group such for a sulfonic acid or carboxylxc acid group which may also be in form of a or a sulfonamide Suitable which contain at least one sulfonic acid earboxylic acid group or an amide group are derived from the following basic types of acids of the formula wherein for hydrogen and or V of the formula wherein for be one of the following of the general formula or and for a lower alkyl group or a sulfonic acid or a carboxylic acid of the formula wherein R for an alkyl or alkoxy group and X is an aryl or 2 disulfonic acids of the formula wherein R for an alkoxy or a of the formula wherein an alkyl or aryl is hydrogen or chlorine and is a sulfonic carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid ester of the formula compounds of the formula or compounds of the formula wherein or or Ar is is a phenyl or naphtyl radical and m is preferably 1 or compounds of the formula wherein A is an aryl Those substituents in the above formulae which are not sulfonic or carboxylic groups and do not contribute to the water solubility of the brighteners are merely representative and may be replaced by other substituents conventional for these classes of Optical brighteners with different structures may equally well be used in the process according to the provided that they contain at least one of the mentioned water solubilizing Especially suitable for the process of the invention are those optical brighteners which contain in their molecule two water solubilizing sulfonic acid The solubility of the brightener in should be at least Mixtures of the above mentioned brighteners may also be In order to neutralise a shift from the white shade to the region of yellow and red shades which be in the substrate when using 3ome of the above small amounts about 1 to of shading dyestuffs may be incorporated in the brightening compositions according to the for the occurrence of a yellow tinge may be prevented by using a blue or violet The stuffs which can be used for this purpose are those listed the Colour Index Edition under the numbers 44055 and As surfactants the preparation persed optical brightening compositions according to the there may be used anionic or nonionic must have a satisfactory solubility in the organic solvents used in accordance with the The solubility of the surfactant in the organic solvent should not be less than Suitable representatives of such surfactants belong to the following groups of Ethers of polyhydroxy compounds such as oxalkylated fatty polyoxalkylated oxalkylated merca tans and aliphatic and polyoxalkylated captans and alk larylaraines and also the corresponding esters of the above compounds with polybasic acids such as sulfuric or phosphoric which if also in the form of ammonium or amine Fatty acid esters of ethylene and polyethylene glycols as well as of propylene butylene glycerine or polyglycerine and and also of sugar alcohols such as polyoxalkylated carbonamides and Preferred surfactants from among the above groups for the The monoe hanolamine salt of the phosphoric acid ester of the addition product from oleyl alcohol and moles of ethylene the ammonium salts of the acidic sulfuric acid esters of the addition product of 17 moles of ene oxide and oleyl Any of the following addition 4 moles of ethylene oxide and 9 moles of ethylene oxide and 8 moles of ethylene oxide and or oleyl coconut fatty acid with 2 moles of 8 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of 15 or 6 moles ethylene oxide and castor 20 moles ethylene oxide and the alcohol ethylene oxide and polyethylene or polyaminepolyglycol 15 or 30 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of an amine triethyleneglycol este oleic oleic mole oleic acid and 4 or 5 moles of ethylene 4 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of oleic acid sorbitan or the salt of dodecyclbenzenesulfonic the sodium salt of the phosphoric acid ester of the addition product of 5 moles of ethylene oxide and mixtures of the above surfactants be The process according to the inventio is ail tractive immersion process and the composition of the optical brightening compositions according to the invention depends on the desired brightening the nature of the substrate and operational bath The concentration of the optical brightener vary within large limits and may be from about to about 20 of the The amount of surfactant may accordingly vary from about to abou 30 preferably from about 2 to 10 g The amounts of optical brightener and surfactant to be used are correlated to each meaning that if amount of optical brightener is increased required amount of surfactant also The relative weight proportion of optical brightener to factant is preferably within the range of 0 to The optical brightener and surfactant are then compounded while stirring with an organic solvent in an amount to yield 1 liter unit doses and in this way a stable brightening composition is In view of the fact that the brightening process is carried out in an organic there is lacking water which is required for the swelling of the fibres to facilitate the penetration of the brightener into the fibre and thereby the distribution of the brightener needed for obtaining a level Therefore it is recommendable to add swelling agents to the brightening for when the substrate is a synthetic fibrous Examples of excelling agents that may be used in the process according to the invention Organic acids such as sulfonic and sulfonic alcohols and polyhydroxy for ethyleneglycol and higher molecular for and and inorganic acids such as phosphoric and boric and also and e Inorganic acids can be used to a limited extent only since the fibres may be The swelling agents φ are used in an amount of from to 20 preferably from 2 to 5 g The substrates which are treated by the process according to the invention are natural or synthetic organic in particular textiles from synthetic and cellulosic the term cellulosic materials being to include natural cotton and regenerated textil materials can be treated at different processing when the textile material is of cotton or regenerated preferably the nished articles such as pullovers and shirts are subjected to the treatment according to the invention although also woven and knitted piece goods may be In case of substrates wholly of synthetic fibres such as synthetic or mixtures thereof with other synthetic fibres such as elastomers it is possible to treat either the woven and knitted materials or the fibres and group of fibrous substrates which can brightened in accordance with the fleece not produced by a weaving or knitting The substrates to brightened ibr 2 to 30 minutes at temperatures of from up to the boiling ture of solvent pre a temperatures of from 20 to with the brightening Depending on affinity or extraction rate of the the duration of the treatment may last from a few seconds to more than After termination of the brightening process the tion is removed by pumping o and the is The brightened substrate is then for example by blowing hot which method enables the even the smallest traces of the organic If the substrate contains polyamide and it is treated with a composition not containing a swelling an ment of the brightening effect can be obtained by subsequent Steaming is not necessary in all cases when a trate is treated with a composition containing a swelling With cellulosic fibre substrates brightening effects are obtained without any additive and without thermal after are additives a treated cellulosic material is submitted to steaming by way of after The fibrous material brightened by the process according to the invention has good light and The process according to the invention may also be applied as a combined cleaning and brightening has been known a long time that and oils are easily soluble in various organic for chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons and can thus be removed from cloth The same also applies to the removal of substancesof various for example softeners and spindle which get onto the fibrous material during the finishing Therefore the process according to the invention is especially suitable for combining the operation of cleaning of crude material or of finished clothes and The saving of a whole operational step achieved in this way in the processing and finishing of textiles is of considerable economical Another advantage resides in the fact that by extractive immersion process according to the invention it is also possible to brighten which is not possible with the employed impregnation processes followed by the process according to the invention problems of water supply or disposal of aqueous refuse do not since the organic solvent present in the optical brightening composition is recovered after each brightening operation and only small losses of solvent In the following examples parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise and temperatures are in EXAMPLE 1 Grams of a brightener of the formula are pasted with 10 grams of a surfactant as described then grams of lactic acid are added and the is o made up to 1 litre with After a short period of mixing a stable dispersion is 40 of a knit is treated with this sition for 15 minutes at The solution is then removed by pumping and centrifuging and the substrate is completely dried and thereby freed from the last of solvent by blowing hot air The substrate is then steamed for minutes at It shows a good brightening The surfactant mixture used consists of 1 part of ethanolamine salt of phosphoric acid ester of the addition product from alcohol and 6 moles of ethylene 2 parts of the addition product of nonylphenol and 4 molee of ethylene 2 parts of perchloroethylene and 2 parts of Instead of the above mentioned the following brighteners may be Each of these brighteners may be used by itself or in admixture with the EXAMPLE 2 25 of a are treated for 25 minutes at with a brightening composition containing g of a brigh of the formula 16 g of the surfactant described in Example 1 made up to 1 with Thereafter the solution is separated by the substrate is dried and then steamed for 5 minutes at A good brightening effect is obtained on the Instead of the above the brigh eners be 20 G of a cotton fabric or 20 minutes at with a brightening composition containing g 5 g of a surfactant consisting of 2 parts of salt of the phosphoric ester of the addition product from 6 moles of ethylene 2 parts of the addition product of nonylphenol and 4 moles of ethylene 2 parts of perchloroethylene and 2 parts of made up litre with The solution by centrifugation substrate is substrate shows a effect with good colour 25 o a fabric made of regenerated cellulose is treated for 25 minutes at with a solution containing a of the formula and 10 of the addition product of 8 moles of ethylene oxide and up to 1 litre with The solution is removed by centrifugation and the substrate is The substrate shows a brightening effect with good colour 5 25 of bleached woolen yarn treated for 30 minutes a with the following of a brightener of the formula 01 10 of the product of 4 of ethylene oxide and oleic acid sorbitan ester as a 5 of formic up to litre with solution is removed by centrifugation and the substrate is The brightened yarn has a good colour 100 6 of a are treated 15 minutes at a brightening composition g of a brigh ener of the formula 12 grams of oleic acid ethylene oxide ester molecular weight as a surfactant and 10 g boric made up to litre with solution is removed by and the substrate is substrate with a good brightening effect is The shade of brightened substrate may be improved by incorporation rag of the blue dye stuff 42045 to the 7 100 of a treated fo 15 minutes at with the following solution of substrate to solution ί g of a of the formula 10 of the addition product of 1 mole of and coconut fatty formic acid the whole made up to 1 litre with The solution is then removed by een and the substrate are shows good brightening EXAMPLE 8 100 of a mixed of fibres treated for 15 minutes at o with the following o substrate to solution of a of the 10 f a of three parts the addition product from 9 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 part of sodium salt of acid and 1 part of the addition product from 8 moles of ethylene oxide and cetyl 5 of made up to 1 litre with The solution is by the substrate The fabric shows a good ing Instead of the above mentioned brigh eners the ing may also be N insufficientOCRQuality

Claims (1)

1. CLAIMS A process for the optical brightening of an organic fibrous wherein the fibrous substrate is treated by extractive in a bath of a brightening composition comprising a water soluble brightening in an organic solvent having a capacity of taking up water in an amount not exceeding by weight of a the ctant soluble the solvent is moved from substrate and the latter is subjected to a thermal after A process according to the rous substrate is of natural or synthetic polyamide and said brightening composition contains a swelling A process accordin to Claim wherein substrate is and the solvent is from the substrate process according to wherein a fibrous substrate consisting of synthetic or natural polyamide cellulosic material is treated with a composition to 20 of an optical brightener containing at least one sul or carboxylic acid group or a salt of or a sulfonamide grou an organic solvent having a water capacity not exceeding If by and 1 30 of surfactant soluble 25 A process according to wherein a fibrous substrate consisting of synthetic amide material is treated with a tion by pasting the optical brightener with a factant soluble in an organic solvent and dispersing the paste in said organic A process according to wherein said thermal consists in A process according to Claim wherein the brightening composition contains to 20 gl of a swelling A process according to any of 1 to wherein the bath temperature is within the range of from to the boiling temperature of the preferably within the of from A process according to Claim wherein said water soluble brightening compound is a or disulfonic acid or or a of a a or a A process according to wherein said brightener a disulfonic 26 A process according to 9 or wherein the water solubility the brightener compound is at least A process according to Claim wherein surfactant is a or anionic in particular a compound obtained by the addition of ethylene oxide to a phenol or fatty acid process according to Claim wherein said ganic solvent is a halogen or lower alk substituted an compound or a aliphatic A process according to Claim wherein said solvent is ylene or A process according to any one o 1 to wherein said substrate is a textile material aade of synthetic or natural polyamide cellulosie A composition for carrying out the process according to Claim comprising a water soluble brightening in an organic solvent whose capacity t ke up water does not exceed by weight and surfactant soluble in A composition according to 16 to 20 of an optical brightener containing at least one sulfonic or acid group or salt either or a sulfonamide an organic solvent having a water capacity not exceeding by and 1 to of surfactant soluble in an organic A composition according to produced by pasting a water soluble optical brightener ionic or anionic surfactant soluble in organic solvents and dispersing the resulting paste ih an organic solvent having a water capacity of not more than by composition according the water soluble optical brightener is any one of the pounds listed in 9 Fibrous material brightened by the process according to any one of 1 to 15 by of a sition according to any of 16 insufficientOCRQuality