JP2000292516A - Apparatus and method for finding direction of radio wave arrival - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for finding direction of radio wave arrivalInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000292516A JP2000292516A JP11101005A JP10100599A JP2000292516A JP 2000292516 A JP2000292516 A JP 2000292516A JP 11101005 A JP11101005 A JP 11101005A JP 10100599 A JP10100599 A JP 10100599A JP 2000292516 A JP2000292516 A JP 2000292516A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- radio wave
- delay time
- wave arrival
- arrival direction
- measuring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000005433 ionosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、空間の電波を受信
し、到来する電波方向を測定する電波到来方位測定装置
において、特に１つの受信局のみで発信源位置決定でき
る電波到来方位測定の技術に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a radio wave arrival direction measuring device for receiving a radio wave in space and measuring a direction of a radio wave coming from the space. About.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の電波発信源位置評定手法について
図６と図７とを用いて説明する。図６は、地表と電離層
に挟まれた空間を電波が伝わる様子を模式的に示してい
る。受信地点１には、電波到来方位及び電波到来仰角が
測定可能な方探システムを設置する。送信地点２から発
せられた電波は、図６の矢印に示すように電離層に反射
し、受信地点１に到達する。図中のθは電波到来仰角、
ｈは電離層の高さを示す。受信地点１の方探システムで
は、測定した電波到来方位と電波到来仰角により送信地
点を求めている。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional radio wave source position estimating method will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 schematically shows how a radio wave is transmitted in a space between the ground surface and the ionosphere. At the receiving point 1, a direction finding system capable of measuring the radio wave arrival direction and the radio wave arrival elevation angle is installed. The radio wave emitted from the transmission point 2 is reflected on the ionosphere as shown by the arrow in FIG. Θ in the figure is the radio wave elevation angle,
h indicates the height of the ionosphere. In the direction finding system of the reception point 1, the transmission point is obtained from the measured radio wave arrival direction and the radio wave arrival elevation angle.
【０００３】図７に受信地点に設置される方探システム
のブロック図の一例を示す。空間から到来した電波は、
方探空中線１３で受信され、共通の局部発信器の信号で
動作する受信機１４に入力される。受信機１４では、高
周波信号を中間周波信号に変換し、方探処理器１５に出
力する。方探処理器１５では、各受信機出力の中間周波
信号の位相差を求め、演算により電波到来方位と電波到
来仰角を求めている。演算手法については例としてイン
ターフェロー方探方式等の公知の手法がある。電波到来
方位と電波到来仰角が得られることにより電波到来仰角
と電離層の高さの関係から、送信地点までの距離は式
（Ｉ）で求められる。FIG. 7 shows an example of a block diagram of a direction finding system installed at a receiving point. Radio waves arriving from space
The signal is received by the direction search antenna 13 and is input to the receiver 14 which operates by the signal of the common local oscillator. The receiver 14 converts the high-frequency signal into an intermediate-frequency signal and outputs the intermediate-frequency signal to the direction search processor 15. The direction finding processor 15 obtains the phase difference between the intermediate frequency signals output from the respective receivers, and obtains the radio wave arrival direction and the radio wave arrival angle by calculation. As an example of the calculation method, there is a known method such as an interfero search method. By obtaining the radio wave arrival direction and the radio wave arrival elevation angle, the distance to the transmission point can be obtained by equation (I) from the relationship between the radio wave arrival elevation angle and the height of the ionosphere.
【０００４】Ｌ＝２×ｈ／ｔａｎθ……（Ｉ） 但し、受信地点−送信地点間距離：Ｌ、電離層の高度：
ｈ、地表面と到来する電波の角度（仰角）：θとする。L = 2 × h / tan θ (I) where the distance between the receiving point and the transmitting point is L, the altitude of the ionosphere:
h, the angle (elevation angle) of the radio wave arriving with the ground surface: θ.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、従来技
術には以下に掲げる問題点があった。従来の電波発信源
位置評定手法では、発信源を１箇所に特定することはで
きなかった。図８に電離層反射波の状態を示すように、
従来の手法から得られる評定位置は、図８の＃１の地域
２６、＃２の地域２７、＃３の地域２８のように、複数
の地点が候補となり、どの地域から電波が発信されたか
を特定することができない。更に、電離層の高度及び電
波到来仰角の測定精度を考慮した場合、＃１に比べ＃３
の地域は拡大し、正確に送信地点２を特定することがで
きないという問題点があった。However, the prior art has the following problems. In the conventional radio wave source position assessment method, it was not possible to specify a single transmission source. FIG. 8 shows the state of the ionospheric reflected wave,
The evaluation position obtained by the conventional method is a plurality of points, such as the area 26 of # 1, the area 27 of # 2, and the area 28 of # 3 in FIG. Cannot be identified. Further, when the measurement accuracy of the ionospheric altitude and the radio wave elevation angle is considered, # 3 compared to # 1
However, there is a problem that the transmission area 2 cannot be specified accurately.
【０００６】本発明は斯かる問題点を鑑みてなされたも
のであり、その目的とするところは、電波発信源を特定
する機能を有する方探システムにおいて、１つの受信局
で発信源位置評定の精度を向上した電波到来方位測定に
関する技術を提供する点にある。The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a positioning system having a function of specifying a radio wave transmission source, in which one receiving station evaluates a transmission source position. An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for measuring the direction of arrival of a radio wave with improved accuracy.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１記載の本発明の
要旨は、空間の電波を受信し、到来する電波の方向を測
定することで電波発信源の位置を特定する電波到来方位
測定装置であって、空間の電波を受信する少なくとも２
つの方探空中線と、該方探空中線で受信された各々の高
周波信号を中間周波信号に変換する受信手段と、各々の
前記中間周波信号から各々の電波到来方位と各々の電波
到来仰角とを計算する方探処理手段と、各々の前記方探
空中線の位相を制御して指向性ビームを形成する位相制
御手段と、該位相制御手段が入力した各々の前記中間周
波信号の出力を復調する復調手段と、該復調手段により
復調された復調信号のうち、一方の復調信号を基準とし
た他方の復調信号の遅延時間を測定する遅延時間測定手
段と、該遅延時間測定手段が出力する遅延時間データか
ら電波発信源の位置評定結果を演算して出力する制御処
理手段とを備えたことを特徴とする電波到来方位測定装
置に存する。請求項２記載の本発明の要旨は、前記制御
処理手段は、少なくとも２つの前記位相制御手段のう
ち、一方の前記位相制御手段を電波到来方向に指向する
ように制御し、他方の前記位相制御手段を一方の前記位
相制御手段と１８０度反対方向の電波到来方向に指向す
るように制御して、指向性が１８０度ずれた２つの指向
性ビームを同時に形成することで、互いに反対方向から
の電波を同時に受信可能とすることを特徴とする請求項
１記載の電波到来方位測定装置に存する。請求項３記載
の本発明の要旨は、前記方探処理手段は、同一周波数で
ある複数の前記電波の到来方向をマルチパス分離方式に
より、同時に測定できることを特徴とする請求項１又は
２記載の電波到来方位測定装置に存する。請求項４記載
の本発明の要旨は、前記方探処理手段は、到来する前記
電波の到来方向をインターフェロー方式により測定する
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の電波到来方位測
定装置に存する。請求項５記載の本発明の要旨は、前記
方探空中線は、空間に想定された円周上に所定の間隔で
配置されて、到来する広い周波数帯域の前記電波を受信
することを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載
の電波到来方位測定装置に存する。請求項６記載の本発
明の要旨は、前記方探空中線は、空間に想定された２本
の直線上に所定の間隔で配置されて、到来する広い周波
数帯域の前記電波を受信することを特徴とする請求項１
乃至４のいずれかに記載の電波到来方位測定装置に存す
る。請求項７記載の本発明の要旨は、空間の電波を受信
し、到来する電波の方向を測定することで電波発信源の
位置を特定する電波到来方位測定方法であって、少なく
とも２つの方探空中線が、空間の電波を受信し、受信手
段は、各々の前記電波を高周波信号から中間周波数信号
に変換し、方探処理手段は、前記受信手段が出力する前
記中間周波数信号の位相差から、各々の電波到来方位と
電波到来仰角とを算出して、制御処理手段へ前記電波到
来方位と前記電波到来仰角とのデータを出力し、前記制
御処理手段は、前記電波到来方位と前記電波到来仰角と
のデータを入力し、前記制御処理手段は、少なくとも２
つの位相制御手段のうち、一方の前記位相制御手段を電
波到来方向に指向するように制御し、他方の前記位相制
御手段を一方の前記位相制御手段と１８０度反対方向の
電波到来方向に指向するように制御して、指向性が１８
０度ずれた２つの指向性ビームを同時に形成すること
で、互いに反対方向からの電波を同時に受信可能とし、
前記位相制御手段は、前記受信手段から入力した各々の
前記中間周波数信号を復調手段に出力し、該復調手段
は、各々の前記中間周波数信号を復調して、遅延時間測
定手段に出力し、該遅延時間測定手段は、復調された各
々の復調信号のうち、一方の前記復調信号を基準とした
他方の前記復調信号の遅延時間を計測して遅延時間のデ
ータを前記制御処理手段に出力し、前記制御処理手段
は、前記遅延時間のデータから前記電波の発信源を求め
ることを特徴とする電波到来方位測定方法に存する。請
求項８記載の本発明の要旨は、空間の電波を受信し、到
来する電波の方向を測定することで電波発信源の位置を
特定する電波到来方位測定方法であって、少なくとも２
つの方探空中線が、空間の電波を受信し、受信手段は、
各々の前記電波を高周波信号から中間周波数信号に変換
し、方探演算手段は、各々の前記中間周波数信号を入力
してＡ／Ｄ変換し、電波到来方位と電波到来仰角との演
算と指向性ビームの形成とを行い、前記電波のうち、一
方の前記電波と一方の前記電波の１８０度反対方向から
来方する他方の前記電波の受信を可能とするマルチパス
分離処理をし、該マルチパス分離処理された、各々の信
号をＤ／Ａ変換し、復調手段へ信号を出力し、前記復調
手段は、Ｄ／Ａ変換された各々の信号を復調し、各々の
復調信号を遅延時間測定手段に出力し、該遅延時間測定
手段は、各々の前記復調信号のうち、一方の前記復調信
号を基準とした他方の前記復調信号の遅延時間を計測し
て、遅延時間のデータを制御処理手段に出力し、該制御
処理手段は、前記遅延時間のデータに基づき電波発信源
を求めることを特徴とする電波到来方位測定方法に存す
る。The gist of the present invention is to provide a radio wave arrival direction measuring device which receives a radio wave in space and measures the direction of the arriving radio wave to specify the position of the radio wave source. And receiving at least two radio waves in space
One direction search aerial, receiving means for converting each high frequency signal received by the direction search aerial to an intermediate frequency signal, and calculating each radio wave arrival direction and each radio wave arrival elevation angle from each intermediate frequency signal Search processing means, phase control means for controlling the phase of each of the search antennas to form a directional beam, and demodulation means for demodulating the output of each of the intermediate frequency signals inputted by the phase control means. A delay time measuring means for measuring a delay time of the other demodulated signal with reference to one of the demodulated signals demodulated by the demodulating means; and a delay time data output from the delay time measuring means. Control processing means for calculating and outputting the position evaluation result of the radio wave transmission source. The gist of the present invention according to claim 2, wherein the control processing means controls one of the at least two phase control means so as to be directed in a radio wave arrival direction, and the other phase control means Means is controlled so as to be directed in the direction of arrival of radio waves 180 degrees opposite to that of one of the phase control means, thereby simultaneously forming two directional beams whose directivity is shifted by 180 degrees. A radio wave arrival direction measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein radio waves can be received simultaneously. The gist of the present invention described in claim 3 is that the direction finding processing means can simultaneously measure arrival directions of a plurality of the radio waves having the same frequency by a multipath separation method. It exists in the radio wave arrival direction measurement device. The gist of the present invention according to claim 4 is that the direction finding processing means measures an arrival direction of the arriving radio wave by an interfero method. Exist. The gist of the present invention described in claim 5 is that the direction finding antenna is arranged at a predetermined interval on a circumference assumed in space and receives the incoming radio wave in a wide frequency band. A radio wave arrival direction measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The gist of the present invention according to claim 6 is that the direction search aerial is arranged at a predetermined interval on two straight lines assumed in space, and receives the incoming radio wave in a wide frequency band. Claim 1
The radio wave arrival direction measuring device according to any one of the above (1) to (4). The gist of the present invention according to claim 7 is a radio wave arrival direction measuring method for receiving a radio wave in space and measuring the direction of the arriving radio wave to specify the position of the radio wave source. The antenna receives a radio wave in space, the receiving means converts each of the radio waves from a high-frequency signal to an intermediate frequency signal, and the search processing means uses a phase difference of the intermediate frequency signal output by the receiving means, Each of the radio wave arrival directions and the radio wave arrival elevation angles are calculated, and data on the radio wave arrival direction and the radio wave arrival elevation angles are output to control processing means. And the control processing means outputs at least 2
One of the two phase control means is controlled so as to be directed in the radio wave arrival direction, and the other phase control means is directed in the radio wave arrival direction which is 180 degrees opposite to the one phase control means. Control so that the directivity is 18
By simultaneously forming two directional beams shifted by 0 degree, radio waves from opposite directions can be received simultaneously,
The phase control unit outputs each of the intermediate frequency signals input from the reception unit to a demodulation unit, and the demodulation unit demodulates each of the intermediate frequency signals and outputs the demodulated intermediate frequency signal to a delay time measurement unit. The delay time measuring means, among the respective demodulated signals demodulated, outputs the data of the delay time to the control processing means by measuring the delay time of the other demodulated signal based on one of the demodulated signals, The control processing means is characterized in that a source of the radio wave is obtained from the data of the delay time. The gist of the present invention according to claim 8 is a radio wave arrival direction measuring method for receiving a radio wave in space and measuring a direction of an incoming radio wave to specify a position of a radio wave transmission source.
One of the two antennas receives space radio waves,
Each of the radio waves is converted from a high frequency signal to an intermediate frequency signal, and the direction finding operation means inputs each of the intermediate frequency signals and performs A / D conversion, and calculates and directs the radio wave arrival direction and the radio wave arrival elevation angle. Forming a beam, and performing a multipath separation process of enabling reception of one of the radio waves and the other of the radio waves coming from a direction opposite by 180 degrees to the one of the radio waves, Each of the separated signals is D / A-converted, and a signal is output to a demodulation unit. The demodulation unit demodulates each of the D / A-converted signals and converts each demodulated signal to a delay time measurement unit. And the delay time measuring means measures the delay time of the other demodulated signal based on one of the demodulated signals among the demodulated signals, and outputs the data of the delay time to the control processing means. And the control processing means outputs It consists in radio wave arrival direction measuring method characterized by determining the radio sources based on data of the extended time.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて詳細に説明する。 （実施の形態１）図１に示すように、本実施の形態１に
係る電波到来方位測定装置は、２つの方探空中線３と２
つの受信機（受信手段）４と方探処理器（方探処理手
段）５と２つの位相制御器（位相制御手段）６と２つの
復調器（復調手段）７と遅延時間測定器（遅延時間測定
手段）８と制御処理器（制御処理手段）９とで概略構成
される。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. (Embodiment 1) As shown in FIG. 1, a radio wave direction-of-arrival measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 1 has two
Two receivers (receiving means) 4, a direction finding processor (direction finding processing means) 5, two phase controllers (phase controlling means) 6, two demodulators (demodulating means) 7, and a delay time measuring device (delay time) It is schematically composed of a measuring means 8 and a control processor (control processing means) 9.
【０００９】方探空中線３は、各々が無指向性の指向性
特性を有する複数の空中線素子である（例として、図２
に示す配置で並べられる方探空中線３があり、広い周波
数帯域の電波の受信するために、方探空中線３は、空間
に想定された円周上に所定の間隔で配置されたり、空間
に想定された２本の直線上に所定の間隔で配置されたり
する）。受信機４は、共通の局部発振器を有し、高周波
信号を中間周波数信号に変換する。方探処理器５は受信
機が出力する中間周波数信号の位相差から、電波到来方
位及び電波到来仰角を算出する。算出方法はインターフ
ェロメータ方式等が公知の技術としてある。方探処理器
５は制御処理器９へ電波到来方位及び電波到来仰角をデ
ータとして出力する。制御処理器９は、２つの位相制御
器６に対し、同時に指向性形成の制御を行う。制御処理
器９は、一方の位相制御器６を電波到来方向に指向する
ように制御し、他方の位相制御器６を１８０度反対方向
に指向するように制御する。指向性が１８０度ずれた２
つの指向性ビームを同時に形成することで、反対方向か
らの電波を同時に受信可能になる（図３に空間に形成さ
れる指向性ビームの概念図を示す）。２つの位相制御器
６の出力を、２つの復調器７にそれぞれ入力し、復調さ
れた復調信号を同時に遅延時間測定器８に入力する。遅
延時間測定器８では、入力された２つの復調信号の一方
を基準とし、残る他方の復調信号の遅延時間を計測し遅
延時間のデータを制御処理器９に出力する。制御処理器
９においては式（II）、（III）、（IＶ）により電波発
信源を求める。電波発信源の算出方法を次に示す。The antenna 3 is a plurality of antenna elements each having omnidirectional directivity characteristics (for example, FIG.
There is a direction search antenna 3 arranged in the arrangement shown in the figure. In order to receive radio waves in a wide frequency band, the direction search antenna 3 is arranged at a predetermined interval on the circumference assumed in the space or assumed in the space. Or arranged at predetermined intervals on the two straight lines.) The receiver 4 has a common local oscillator and converts a high frequency signal into an intermediate frequency signal. The direction finding processor 5 calculates the radio wave arrival direction and the radio wave arrival elevation angle from the phase difference of the intermediate frequency signal output from the receiver. As a calculation method, an interferometer method or the like is a known technique. The direction finding processor 5 outputs the radio wave arrival direction and the radio wave arrival elevation to the control processor 9 as data. The control processor 9 controls the two phase controllers 6 to form directivity at the same time. The control processor 9 controls one phase controller 6 so as to be directed in the radio wave arrival direction, and controls the other phase controller 6 so as to be directed 180 degrees in the opposite direction. Directivity shifted by 180 degrees 2
By forming two directional beams at the same time, radio waves from opposite directions can be simultaneously received (FIG. 3 shows a conceptual diagram of a directional beam formed in space). The outputs of the two phase controllers 6 are respectively input to two demodulators 7, and the demodulated signals are simultaneously input to the delay time measuring device 8. The delay time measuring device 8 measures the delay time of the other two demodulated signals based on one of the two input demodulated signals, and outputs the data of the delay time to the control processor 9. The control processor 9 obtains a radio wave transmission source from the equations (II), (III), and (IV). The calculation method of the radio wave transmission source will be described below.
【００１０】２πｒ＝Ｌ１＋Ｌ２……（II） Δｔ×Ｃ＝Ｌ１−Ｌ２ （Ｌ１＞Ｌ２）……（III） Ｌ２＝（２πｒ−Δｔ×Ｃ）／２……（IＶ） 但し、遅延時間：Δｔ（ＳＥＣ）、周波数：ｆ（ＭＨ
ｚ）、地球の半径：ｒ（ｍ）、電波伝搬速度：Ｃ（３０
×１０８ｍ／ｓｅｃ）、第１経路：Ｌ１（ｍ）、第２経
路：Ｌ２（ｍ）とする。式（II）は第１経路Ｌ１と第２
経路Ｌ２の和が地球の大円通路（地球の中心を通る平面
と球表面が交わる円周）に等しいことを示し、式（II
I）は測定した遅延時間Δｔが経路のＬ１、Ｌ２の距離
との関係を示している。式（IＶ）は式（II）、（III）
から導かれる。第１経路Ｌ１と第２経路Ｌ２との概念図
を図４に示す。2πr = L1 + L2 (II) Δt × C = L1−L2 (L1> L2) (III) L2 = (2πr−Δt × C) / 2 (IV) where delay time: Δt (SEC), frequency: f (MH
z), radius of the earth: r (m), radio wave propagation velocity: C (30
× 10 8 m / sec), the first route: L1 (m), and the second route: L2 (m). Equation (II) shows that the first route L1 and the second route L1
It is shown that the sum of the path L2 is equal to the great circle path of the earth (the circumference where the plane passing through the center of the earth and the spherical surface intersect), and the equation (II)
I) shows the relationship between the measured delay time Δt and the distance between the paths L1 and L2. Formula (IV) is obtained by formulas (II) and (III)
Is derived from FIG. 4 shows a conceptual diagram of the first route L1 and the second route L2.
【００１１】実施の形態１に係る電波到来方位測定装置
は上記の如く構成されているので、以下に掲げる効果を
奏する。２つの指向性ビームパターンを形成することに
より、２つの経路によって到達する電波を分離して受信
することができ、電波の到来する時間差の計測が可能に
なり、従来は複数の発信源の特定にとどまっていた位置
標定結果から発信源を１ヶ所に特定する測定結果を得る
ことができる。また、２つの指向性ビームを形成するこ
とで、従来はエコー現象として現れる通信品質を劣化さ
せる不要波が除去されるため、電波到来方位測定の精度
が向上する。Since the radio wave arrival direction measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. By forming two directional beam patterns, radio waves arriving via two paths can be separated and received, and the time difference between arrival of radio waves can be measured. Conventionally, a plurality of transmission sources can be specified. It is possible to obtain a measurement result for specifying the transmission source in one place from the position location result that has been stopped. In addition, by forming two directional beams, unnecessary waves which degrade communication quality conventionally appearing as an echo phenomenon are removed, so that the accuracy of the radio wave arrival direction measurement is improved.
【００１２】（実施の形態２）図５に示すように、本実
施の形態２に係る電波到来方位測定装置は、２つの方探
空中線３と２つの受信機４と２つの復調器７と遅延時間
測定器８と制御処理器９と方探演算器（方探演算手段）
１０とで概略構成される。(Embodiment 2) As shown in FIG. 5, a radio wave direction-of-arrival measurement apparatus according to Embodiment 2 includes two direction finding antennas 3, two receivers 4, two demodulators 7, a delay Time measuring device 8, control processor 9, and direction finding operation device (direction finding operation means)
10 and a schematic configuration.
【００１３】実施の形態１と異なるのは、方探演算器１
０内のＡ／Ｄ変換器での内部の信号処理により中間周波
数信号をデータで取り込み、電波到来方位、電波到来仰
角の演算、指向性ビーム形成を行い、第１経路の電波と
第２経路の電波の受信を可能とするマルチパス分離処理
ができることである。更に、方探演算器１０内にて、各
々の信号をＤ／Ａ変換し、後段の復調器７へ信号を送出
する。復調された復調信号は実施の形態１と同様に、遅
延時間測定器８に入力され、遅延時間のデータを制御処
理器９に送信する。制御処理器９では、入力された遅延
時間Δｔと、電波到来方位から電波発信源の位置を特定
する。なお、その他の構成要素は、実施の形態と同様な
ので省略する。The difference from the first embodiment is that
The intermediate frequency signal is fetched as data by internal signal processing in the A / D converter within 0, the radio wave arrival direction, the radio wave arrival elevation angle are calculated, and the directional beam is formed. That is, multipath separation processing that enables reception of radio waves can be performed. Further, each signal is D / A-converted in the direction finding arithmetic unit 10 and transmitted to the demodulator 7 in the subsequent stage. The demodulated signal is input to the delay time measuring device 8 as in the first embodiment, and the delay time data is transmitted to the control processor 9. The control processor 9 specifies the position of the radio wave transmission source from the input delay time Δt and the radio wave arrival direction. The other components are the same as those in the embodiment, and thus will not be described.
【００１４】なお、本実施の形態においては、本発明は
それに限定されず、本発明を適用する上で好適な方位測
定装置及び方位測定方法に適用することができる。In the present embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to an azimuth measuring device and an azimuth measuring method suitable for applying the present invention.
【００１５】また、上記構成部材の数、位置、形状等は
上記実施の形態に限定されず、本発明を実施する上で好
適な数、位置、形状等にすることができる。The number, position, shape, and the like of the above-mentioned constituent members are not limited to those in the above-described embodiment, but can be set to numbers, positions, shapes, and the like suitable for carrying out the present invention.
【００１６】なお、各図において、同一構成要素には同
一符号を付している。In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】本発明は以上のように構成されているの
で、以下に掲げる効果を奏する。第１の効果は電波到来
波の発信源位置評定の精度が向上することにある。その
理由は、２つの指向性ビームパターンを形成することに
より、２つの経路によって到達する電波を分離して受信
することができ、電波の到来する時間差の計測が可能に
なり、従来は複数の発信源の特定にとどまっていた位置
標定結果から発信源を１ヶ所に特定する測定結果を得る
ことができることにある。Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. The first effect is that the accuracy of the source position estimation of the incoming radio wave is improved. The reason is that by forming two directional beam patterns, radio waves arriving by two paths can be separated and received, and the time difference between arrival of radio waves can be measured. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a measurement result for specifying a transmission source in one place from a position localization result which has been limited to specifying a source.
【００１８】第２の効果は、電波到来波の電波到来方向
及び電波到来仰角の測定精度が向上することにある。そ
の理由は、２つの指向性ビームを形成することで、従来
はエコー現象として現れる通信品質を劣化させる不要波
が除去されるため、電波到来方位測定の精度が向上する
ためである。The second effect is to improve the measurement accuracy of the direction of arrival of the radio wave and the elevation angle of the radio wave. The reason for this is that by forming two directional beams, unnecessary waves that conventionally degrade communication quality that appear as an echo phenomenon are removed, and the accuracy of radio wave arrival direction measurement is improved.
【００１９】第３の効果は、復調信号の音質改善があ
る。その理由は、２つの指向性パターンを形成すること
でマルチパスが除去されるため、電波の揺らぎが低減さ
れ、復調信号の音質が改善するためである。The third effect is to improve the sound quality of the demodulated signal. The reason is that multipath is removed by forming two directivity patterns, so that the fluctuation of radio waves is reduced and the sound quality of the demodulated signal is improved.
【図１】本発明の実施の形態１に係る電波到来測定装置
のブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a radio wave arrival measuring device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
【図２】図１の方探空中線配置の一例を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an arrangement of a direction search antenna in FIG.
【図３】図１の指向性ビームの概念図である。FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of the directional beam in FIG. 1;
【図４】図１の電波伝搬経路の概念図である。FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a radio wave propagation path in FIG.
【図５】本発明の実施の形態２に係る電波到来測定装置
のブロック図である。FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a radio wave arrival measuring device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
【図６】電波の電離層伝搬を示す概略図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing ionospheric propagation of a radio wave.
【図７】従来の方探システムの一例を示すブロック図で
ある。FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional direction finding system.
【図８】図７の位置特定誤差を説明する図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a position identification error in FIG. 7;
１ 受信地点 ２ 送信地点 ３ 方探空中線 ４ 受信機（受信手段） ５ 方探処理器（方探処理手段） ６ 位相制御器（位相制御手段） ７ 復調器（復調手段） ８ 遅延時間測定器（遅延時間測定手段） ９ 制御処理器（制御処理手段） １０ 方探演算器（方探演算手段） １３ 方探空中線 １４ 受信機 １５ 方探処理器 ２６ ＃１の地域 ２７ ＃２の地域 ２８ ＃３の地域 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Receiving point 2 Transmitting point 3 Aerial search line 4 Receiver (receiving means) 5 Locating processor (modulating means) 6 Phase controller (phase controlling means) 7 Demodulator (demodulating means) 8 Delay time measuring instrument ( Delay time measuring means) 9 control processor (control processing means) 10 direction search operation unit (direction search operation means) 13 direction search antenna 14 receiver 15 direction search processor 26 # 1 area 27 # 2 area 28 # 3 Region of
Claims (8)
向を測定することで電波発信源の位置を特定する電波到
来方位測定装置であって、 空間の電波を受信する少なくとも２つの方探空中線と、 該方探空中線で受信された各々の高周波信号を中間周波
信号に変換する受信手段と、 各々の前記中間周波信号から各々の電波到来方位と各々
の電波到来仰角とを計算する方探処理手段と、 各々の前記方探空中線の位相を制御して指向性ビームを
形成する位相制御手段と、 該位相制御手段が入力した各々の前記中間周波信号の出
力を復調する復調手段と、 該復調手段により復調された復調信号のうち、一方の復
調信号を基準とした他方の復調信号の遅延時間を測定す
る遅延時間測定手段と、 該遅延時間測定手段が出力する遅延時間データから電波
発信源の位置評定結果を演算して出力する制御処理手段
とを備えたことを特徴とする電波到来方位測定装置。A radio wave arrival direction measuring device for receiving a radio wave in space and measuring a direction of the radio wave to specify a position of a radio wave transmission source, wherein at least two directions for receiving radio waves in space are provided. An antenna, receiving means for converting each high-frequency signal received by the antenna into an intermediate frequency signal, and a method for calculating each radio wave arrival direction and each radio wave elevation angle from each intermediate frequency signal Processing means; phase control means for controlling the phase of each of the antennas to form a directional beam; demodulation means for demodulating the output of each of the intermediate frequency signals input to the phase control means; A delay time measuring means for measuring a delay time of the other demodulated signal based on one of the demodulated signals demodulated by the demodulating means; and a radio wave from the delay time data output by the delay time measuring means. The radio wave arrival direction measuring device characterized by comprising a control processing means for calculating and outputting a position location result of the signal source.
前記位相制御手段のうち、一方の前記位相制御手段を電
波到来方向に指向するように制御し、他方の前記位相制
御手段を一方の前記位相制御手段と１８０度反対方向の
電波到来方向に指向するように制御して、指向性が１８
０度ずれた２つの指向性ビームを同時に形成すること
で、互いに反対方向からの電波を同時に受信可能とする
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の電波到来方位測定装
置。2. The control processing means controls one of the at least two phase control means so as to be directed to a radio wave arrival direction, and sets the other phase control means to one of the phase control means. It is controlled so as to direct in the direction of arrival of the radio wave 180 degrees opposite to the control means, and
2. The radio wave arrival direction measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein two directional beams shifted by 0 degrees are simultaneously formed, so that radio waves from directions opposite to each other can be simultaneously received.
複数の前記電波の到来方向をマルチパス分離方式によ
り、同時に測定できることを特徴とする請求項１又は２
記載の電波到来方位測定装置。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the direction finding processing means can simultaneously measure arrival directions of a plurality of the radio waves having the same frequency by a multipath separation method.
Radio wave arrival direction measuring device as described in the above.
の到来方向をインターフェロメータ方式により測定する
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の電波到来方位測
定装置。4. The radio wave arrival direction measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the direction finding processing means measures an arrival direction of the incoming radio wave by an interferometer method.
周上に所定の間隔で配置されて、到来する広い周波数帯
域の前記電波を受信することを特徴とする請求項１乃至
４のいずれかに記載の電波到来方位測定装置。5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the direction finding aerial is arranged at a predetermined interval on a circumference assumed in a space and receives the incoming radio wave in a wide frequency band. The radio wave arrival direction measuring device according to any one of the above.
本の直線上に所定の間隔で配置されて、到来する広い周
波数帯域の前記電波を受信することを特徴とする請求項
１乃至４のいずれかに記載の電波到来方位測定装置。6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the direction search midline is a 2
The radio wave arrival direction measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the radio wave arrival direction measurement device is arranged at a predetermined interval on a straight line of the book and receives the radio wave in a wide frequency band.
向を測定することで電波発信源の位置を特定する電波到
来方位測定方法であって、 少なくとも２つの方探空中線が、空間の電波を受信し、 受信手段は、各々の前記電波を高周波信号から中間周波
数信号に変換し、 方探処理手段は、前記受信手段が出力する前記中間周波
数信号の位相差から、各々の電波到来方位と電波到来仰
角とを算出して、制御処理手段へ前記電波到来方位と前
記電波到来仰角とのデータを出力し、 前記制御処理手段は、前記電波到来方位と前記電波到来
仰角とのデータを入力し、 前記制御処理手段は、少なくとも２つの位相制御手段の
うち、一方の前記位相制御手段を電波到来方向に指向す
るように制御し、他方の前記位相制御手段を一方の前記
位相制御手段と１８０度反対方向の電波到来方向に指向
するように制御して、指向性が１８０度ずれた２つの指
向性ビームを同時に形成することで、互いに反対方向か
らの電波を同時に受信可能とし、 前記位相制御手段は、前記受信手段から入力した各々の
前記中間周波数信号を復調手段に出力し、 該復調手段は、各々の前記中間周波数信号を復調して、
遅延時間測定手段に出力し、 該遅延時間測定手段は、復調された各々の復調信号のう
ち、一方の前記復調信号を基準とした他方の前記復調信
号の遅延時間を計測して遅延時間のデータを前記制御処
理手段に出力し、 前記制御処理手段は、前記遅延時間のデータから前記電
波の発信源を求めることを特徴とする電波到来方位測定
方法。7. A radio wave arrival direction measuring method for receiving a radio wave in space and measuring a direction of an incoming radio wave to specify a position of a radio wave transmission source, wherein at least two space search median lines detect radio waves in space. Receiving means converts each of the radio waves from a high-frequency signal to an intermediate frequency signal, and the direction finding processing means determines the direction of arrival of each radio wave from the phase difference of the intermediate frequency signal output by the receiving means. Calculates the radio wave arrival elevation and outputs data of the radio wave arrival direction and the radio wave arrival elevation to control processing means.The control processing means inputs data of the radio wave arrival direction and the radio wave arrival elevation. The control processing means controls one of the at least two phase control means so as to be directed in a radio wave arrival direction, and sets the other phase control means to one of the phase control means and one of the at least two phase control means; By controlling to direct in the direction of arrival of the radio wave in the opposite direction by 0 degrees and simultaneously forming two directional beams with a directivity shifted by 180 degrees, radio waves from directions opposite to each other can be received simultaneously, The control unit outputs each of the intermediate frequency signals input from the receiving unit to a demodulation unit, and the demodulation unit demodulates each of the intermediate frequency signals,
The delay time measuring means outputs the delay time data to the delay time measuring means by measuring the delay time of the other demodulated signal with reference to one of the demodulated signals. Is output to the control processing means, and the control processing means obtains the transmission source of the radio wave from the data of the delay time.
向を測定することで電波発信源の位置を特定する電波到
来方位測定方法であって、 少なくとも２つの方探空中線が、空間の電波を受信し、 受信手段は、各々の前記電波を高周波信号から中間周波
数信号に変換し、 方探演算手段は、各々の前記中間周波数信号を入力して
Ａ／Ｄ変換し、電波到来方位と電波到来仰角との演算と
指向性ビームの形成とを行い、 前記電波のうち、一方の前記電波と一方の前記電波の１
８０度反対方向から来方する他方の前記電波の受信を可
能とするマルチパス分離処理をし、 該マルチパス分離処理された、各々の信号をＤ／Ａ変換
し、復調手段へ信号を出力し、 前記復調手段は、Ｄ／Ａ変換された各々の信号を復調
し、各々の復調信号を遅延時間測定手段に出力し、 該遅延時間測定手段は、各々の前記復調信号のうち、一
方の前記復調信号を基準とした他方の前記復調信号の遅
延時間を計測して、遅延時間のデータを制御処理手段に
出力し、 該制御処理手段は、前記遅延時間のデータに基づき電波
発信源を求めることを特徴とする電波到来方位測定方
法。8. A radio wave arrival direction measuring method for receiving a radio wave in space and measuring a direction of an incoming radio wave to specify a position of a radio wave transmission source, wherein at least two of the space search median lines detect radio waves in space. Receiving means converts each of the radio waves from a high frequency signal to an intermediate frequency signal, and the direction finding operation means inputs each of the intermediate frequency signals, performs A / D conversion, and receives the radio wave arrival direction and the radio wave. Calculation of the angle of arrival and formation of a directional beam are performed, and one of the radio waves and one of the radio waves are
A multipath separation process is performed to enable reception of the other radio wave coming from the opposite direction by 80 degrees, each signal subjected to the multipath separation process is D / A converted, and a signal is output to demodulation means. The demodulation unit demodulates each of the D / A-converted signals, and outputs each demodulated signal to a delay time measurement unit. The delay time measurement unit includes one of the demodulated signals. The delay time of the other demodulated signal is measured with reference to the demodulated signal, and the delay time data is output to the control processing means. The control processing means obtains a radio wave transmission source based on the delay time data. A radio wave arrival direction measurement method characterized by the following.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008122246A (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2008-05-29 | Toshiba Corp | Array antenna device |
| JP2010008110A (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2010-01-14 | Toshiba Corp | Array antenna apparatus and transmission source position estimation apparatus |
-
1999
- 1999-04-08 JP JP10100599A patent/JP3389882B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008122246A (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2008-05-29 | Toshiba Corp | Array antenna device |
| JP2010008110A (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2010-01-14 | Toshiba Corp | Array antenna apparatus and transmission source position estimation apparatus |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3389882B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 |
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