JP2000510041A - 再生可能な触媒を用いた捕捉および装置そしてそれの使用方法 - Google Patents
再生可能な触媒を用いた捕捉および装置そしてそれの使用方法Info
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- JP2000510041A JP2000510041A JP09540891A JP54089197A JP2000510041A JP 2000510041 A JP2000510041 A JP 2000510041A JP 09540891 A JP09540891 A JP 09540891A JP 54089197 A JP54089197 A JP 54089197A JP 2000510041 A JP2000510041 A JP 2000510041A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/085—Sulfur or sulfur oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
- B01D53/8609—Sulfur oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8671—Removing components of defined structure not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8668
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0871—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents using means for controlling, e.g. purging, the absorbents or adsorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/12—Combinations of different methods of purification absorption or adsorption, and catalytic conversion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1. 被収着性成分が入っている希薄気体流れから上記被収着性成分を除去す る方法であって、 (a)捕捉期間中には、該気体流れを再生可能収着材と酸化触媒の組み 合わせを含有する触媒含有捕捉部材の中に収着温度範囲内で通すことで該被収着 性成分の少なくともいくらかを該収着材の中に収着させることで、被収着性成分 が減少した気体流れを該触媒含有捕捉部材から出させ、 (b)脱離期間中には、燃焼性成分を該気体流れの中に該触媒含有捕捉 部材の上流で導入することで該燃焼性成分を該酸化触媒の存在下で燃焼させるが 、該燃焼性成分を、該気体流れのバルク組成が希薄状態に維持されるように制限 された量であるが該収着材の少なくとも一部が脱離温度範囲内に熱せられるに充 分な量で導入することで、該被収着性成分を該収着材から熱で脱離させて被収着 性成分が豊富になった気体流れを該触媒含有捕捉部材から出させる、 ことを含む方法。 2. 該脱離期間中の燃焼を該触媒含有捕捉部材の表面の少なくとも一部が該 被収着性成分が豊富になった気体流れのバルク温度より高い温度に維持されるよ うに管理することを含む請求の範囲第1項記載の方法。 3. 該被収着性成分が減少した流れを第一ゾーンに通しそして該被収着性成 分が豊富になった流れを第二ゾーンに通すことを更に含む請求の範囲第1項また は請求の範囲第2項記載の方法。 4. 該被収着性成分がSOxを含むことで該被収着性成分が減少した流れが SOxが減少した流れを含む請求の範囲第3項記載の方法。 5. 該気体流れが汚染成分を含有しそして該第一ゾーンに該汚染成分を減少 させる触媒作用を示す処理ゾーンを含める請求の範囲第4項記載の方法。 6. 該汚染成分がNOxを含みそして該第一ゾーンに触媒作用を示す希薄N Ox減少用ゾーンを含める請求の範囲第5項記載の方法。 7. 該触媒作用を示すNOx減少用ゾーンに、SOxが脱離する温度範囲より 低い有効運転温度範囲を有するNOx減少用触媒を含め、そしてSOxが減少した 流れを該触媒作用を示すNOx減少用ゾーンに希薄NOx減少に有効な運転温度の 範囲内の温度で通す請求の範囲第6項記載の方法。 8.該被収着性成分がSOxおよびPOxの一方または両方から成る群から選択 される請求の範囲第1項または請求の範囲第2項記載の方法。 9. 該収着材に少なくとも1種の酸化された塩基性化合物を含め、そして該 酸化触媒に、触媒作用を示す少なくとも1種の白金族金属成分から成る群から選 択される触媒を含める請求の範囲第1項または請求の範囲第2項記載の方法。 10. 該酸化触媒に触媒作用を示す白金成分を含める請求の範囲第9項記載 の方法。 11. 該収着材を金属の酸化物、金属の炭酸塩、金属の水酸化物および混合 金属の酸化物の1つ以上から成る群から選択する請求の範囲第10項記載の方法 。 12. 該金属の酸化物、金属の水酸化物および金属の炭酸塩の金属そして該 混合金属の酸化物の金属の少なくとも1つをマグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロ ンチウム、バリウムおよびランタンの1つ以上から成 る群から選択する請求の範囲第11項記載の方法。 13. 該収着材をセリウム、プラセオジムおよび原子番号が含めて22から 29の元素の1つ以上の酸化物から成る群から選択する請求の範囲第11項記載 の方法。 14. 該収着材をA群およびB群の各々から選択される少なくとも1種の化 合物から成る群から選択し、ここで、A群が金属の酸化物、金属の炭酸塩、金属 の水酸化物および混合金属の酸化物の1つ以上から成るがこれらの金属(該混合 金属の酸化物の少なくとも1つの金属)がマグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロン チウム、バリウムおよびランタンから成る群から選択され、そしてB群がセリウ ム、プラセオジムおよび原子番号が含めて22から29の元素の1つ以上の酸化 物から成る請求の範囲第11項記載の方法。 15. 該触媒含有捕捉部材が酸化触媒と収着材の隔離された組み合わせを含 む請求の範囲第1項記載の方法。 16. 被収着性成分を気体流れから収着する熱再生可能組成物であって、該 組成物が酸化触媒と再生可能収着材を含んでいてそれらが互いの組み合わせで共 通の耐火性担体部材上位置しており、 該酸化触媒が少なくとも1種の触媒作用金属成分を含んでいてそれが 第一支持体材料上に分散しており、そして 該収着材が少なくとも1種の酸化された塩基性金属化合物を含んでい てそれが1番目の触媒作用金属成分の少なくとも約50重量パーセントから隔離 されているが、この隔離されている度合が、少なくとも、(a)該収着材が支持 体材料上に分散している時にはその隔離されている触媒作用金属成分と該収着材 が支持体材料の同じ増分上に分散し ておらずそして(b)該収着材がバルク形態の時にはその隔離されている触媒作 用金属成分がバルク収着材の中に組み込まれていない度合である、組成物。 17. 被収着性成分を気体流れから収着する熱再生可能組成物であって、該 組成物が酸化触媒と再生可能収着材を含んでいてそれらが互いの組み合わせで共 通の耐火性担体部材上に位置しており、 該酸化触媒が少なくとも1種の触媒作用金属成分を含んでいてそれが 第一支持体材料上に分散しており、そして 該収着材がA群およびB群の各々から選択される少なくとも1種の化 合物から成る群から選択され、ここで、A群が金属の酸化物、金属の炭酸塩、金 属の水酸化物および混合金属の酸化物の1つ以上から成るがこれらの金属(該混 合金属の酸化物の少なくとも1つの金属)がマグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロ ンチウム、バリウムおよびランタンから成る群から選択され、そしてB群がセリ ウム、プラセオジムおよび原子番号が含めて22から29の元素の1つ以上の酸 化物から成る、組成物。 18. A群の化合物がA群の化合物とB群の化合物を一緒にした重量の約5 0から95重量パーセントを構成する請求の範囲第17項記載の組成物。 19. 該触媒作用金属成分が触媒作用を示す白金族金属成分を含む請求の範 囲第16項または請求の範囲第17項記載の組成物。 20. 該触媒作用金属成分が白金金属成分を含む請求の範囲第19項記載の 組成物。 21. 該酸化触媒が個々別々の第一層として該耐火性担体部材上に位置して おりそして該収着材が個々別々の第二層として該耐火性担体部材上に位置してい る請求の範囲第16項または請求の範囲第17項記載の組成物。 22. 該収着材が金属の酸化物、金属の炭酸塩、金属の水酸化物および混合 金属の酸化物の1つ以上から成る群から選択される請求の範囲第16項または請 求の範囲第17項記載の組成物。 23. 該収着材がA群の1つ以上の化合物およびB群の1つ以上の化合物を 含み、ここで、該金属の酸化物、金属の水酸化物および金属の炭酸塩の金属そし て該混合金属の酸化物の金属の少なくとも1つが、A群の化合物の場合にはマグ ネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウムおよびバリウムの1つ以上から成る群か ら選択されそしてB群の化合物の場合には希土類金属の酸化物およびマンガン、 ランタン、ニッケルおよび鉄の酸化物の1つ以上から成る群から選択される、 請求の範囲第22項記載の組成物。 24. A群の化合物がA群の化合物とB群の化合物を一緒にした重量の約5 から95重量パーセントを構成する請求の範囲第23項記載の組成物。 25. A群の1つ以上の化合物およびB群の1つ以上の化合物がバルク形態 で存在していてそれらが収着材の同じ層内で混ざり合っている請求の範囲第24 項記載の組成物。 26. A群の1つ以上の化合物およびB群の1つ以上の化合物が支持体材料 の同じ増分上に支持されている請求の範囲第24項記載の組成物。 27. 酸化触媒作用を示す2番目の金属部分を更に含み、この部分が、該収 着材のSOx収着能力を向上させる量で存在していて、該酸化触媒作用を示す2 番目の金属部分が該収着材に密に接触しているが、この密に接触している度合が 、(a)該収着材が支持体材料上に分散している時にはその触媒作用を示す2番 目の金属部分が該収着材と同様に支持体材料の同じ増分上に分散しておりそして (b)該収着材がバルク形態の時にはその触媒作用を示す2番目の金属部分がバ ルク収着材の中に組み込まれている度合である、 請求の範囲第16項または請求の範囲第17項記載の組成物。 28. 該酸化触媒作用を示す2番目の金属部分が少なくとも1種の白金族金 属成分を含む請求の範囲第27項記載の組成物。 29. 該酸化触媒作用を示す2番目の金属部分が触媒作用を示す白金金属部 分を含む請求の範囲第27項記載の組成物。 30. 該酸化触媒作用を示す2番目の金属部分が該収着材の収着機能を助長 するに充分な量で存在している請求の範囲第27項記載の組成物。 31. 被収着性成分が入っている気体流れから上記被収着性成分を除去する 装置であって、 (a)気体流れ源に流れ伝達状態で連結する寸法および構造を有し ていて1番目の成分が入る入り口導管、 (b)上記気体流れに入っている燃焼性成分の酸化を助長するに有 効な触媒材料と再生可能収着材の隔離された組み合わせを含んでいて該入り口導 管に流れ伝達状態で連結している捕捉入り口と捕捉出口を有する触媒含有捕捉部 材、 (c)該捕捉出口に連結している出口導管、 (d)該入り口導管に流れ伝達状態で連結している燃焼性成分入り口 手段、および (e)該入り口導管に関連していて燃焼性成分を該入り口導管に断続 的に注入することを可能にする制御手段、 を含む装置。 32. 該捕捉部材が金属の酸化物、金属の炭酸塩、金属の水酸化物および混 合金属の酸化物の1つ以上から成る群から選択されるSOx捕捉材料を含みそし て該酸化触媒が触媒作用を示す白金族金属である金属成分を含んでいてそれが適 切な支持体材料上に分散している請求の範囲第31項記載の装置。 33. 該酸化触媒が触媒作用を示す白金金属成分を含む請求の範囲第31項 または請求の範囲第32項記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/645,301 US5792436A (en) | 1996-05-13 | 1996-05-13 | Method for using a regenerable catalyzed trap |
| US08/645,301 | 1996-05-13 | ||
| PCT/US1997/007195 WO1997043034A1 (en) | 1996-05-13 | 1997-05-01 | Regenerable catalyzed trap and apparatus, and method of using the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000510041A true JP2000510041A (ja) | 2000-08-08 |
| JP4147591B2 JP4147591B2 (ja) | 2008-09-10 |
Family
ID=24588475
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP54089197A Expired - Fee Related JP4147591B2 (ja) | 1996-05-13 | 1997-05-01 | 再生可能な触媒を用いた捕捉および装置そしてそれの使用方法 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5792436A (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4147591B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1218422A (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2994097A (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9709315A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE19781763T1 (ja) |
| IN (1) | IN192095B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1997043034A1 (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA973990B (ja) |
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| JP2002349248A (ja) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-12-04 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | ディーゼルエンジン排ガス中の窒素酸化物除去方法及び装置 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9709315A (pt) | 2000-05-09 |
| ZA973990B (en) | 1997-12-09 |
| AU2994097A (en) | 1997-12-05 |
| IN192095B (ja) | 2004-02-21 |
| JP4147591B2 (ja) | 2008-09-10 |
| WO1997043034A1 (en) | 1997-11-20 |
| US20020006363A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
| CN1218422A (zh) | 1999-06-02 |
| US5792436A (en) | 1998-08-11 |
| DE19781763T1 (de) | 1999-04-15 |
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