JP2000512138A - Dna増幅を蛍光でモニタリングするためのシステムと方法 - Google Patents
Dna増幅を蛍光でモニタリングするためのシステムと方法Info
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Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.生物学的試料の標的DNA配列を、DNA配列多型性、異型接合性又は突 然変位について分析する方法であって、 標的配列の隣接する領域にハイブリダイズする二つの核酸プローブの存在下で ポリメラーゼ鎖反応によって標的配列を増幅する工程であって、前記プローブの 内の一方はアクセプター蛍光体によって標識され、他方のプローブは蛍光エネル ギートランスファー対のドナー蛍光体によって標識され、二つのプローブと標的 配列とのハイブリダイゼーションにより、ドナー及びアクセプター蛍光体は相互 に0〜25ヌクレオチド以内になり、前記ポリメラーゼ鎖反応は、温度的に安定 なポリメラーゼと標的核酸配列についてのプライマーを生物学的試料に加える工 程と、少なくとも変性温度と伸長温度の間で生物学的試料を温度サイクリングに 付す工程とを含むものである工程と、 ドナー蛍光体によって吸収される波長の光で生物学的試料を励起し、試料から の発光を検出する工程とを含む方法。 2.生物学的試料の標的DNA配列を、DNA配列多型性、異型接合性又は突 然変位について分析する方法であって、 標的配列の隣接する領域にハイブリダイズする二つの核酸プローブの存在下で ポリメラーゼ鎖反応によって標的配列を増幅する工程であって、前記プローブの 内の一方はアクセプター蛍光体によって標識され、他方のプローブは蛍光エネル ギートランスファー対のドナー蛍光体によって標識され、二つのプローブと標的 配列とのハイブリダイゼーションにより、ドナー及びアクセプター蛍光体は相互 に0〜25ヌクレオチド以内になり、前記ポリメラーゼ鎖反応は、温度的に安定 なポリメラーゼと標的核酸配列についてのプライマーを生物学的試料に加える工 程と、少なくとも変性温度と伸長温度の間で生物学的試料を温度サイクリングに 付す工程とを含むものである工程と、 ドナー蛍光体によって吸収される波長の光で生物学的試料を励起する工程と、 生物学的試料からの温度に依存する蛍光をモニターする工程とを含む方法。 3.生物学的試料における標的核酸配列のポリメラーゼ鎖反応増幅をリアルタ イムでモニターする方法であって、 (a)生物学的試料に二つの核酸プライマーと一つの核酸プローブを有効量加 える工程であって、プライマとプローブの内の一方は、アクセプター蛍光体とド ナー蛍光体とを含む蛍光エネルギートランスファー対の何れか一方によって標識 されており、標識されたプローブは標識されたプライマーの0〜25ヌクレオチ ド以内で標的核酸配列の増幅されたコピーにハイブリダイズする工程と、 (b)ポリメラーゼ鎖反応によって標的核酸配列を増幅する工程であって、こ のポリメラーゼ鎖反応は、温度的に安定なポリメラーゼと標的核酸配列について のプライマーを加える工程と、少なくとも変性温度と伸長温度の間で生物学的試 料を温度サイクリングに付す工程とを含むものである工程と、 (c)ドナー蛍光体によって吸収される選択された波長の光で試料を照明し、 試料から発光される蛍光を検出する工程とを含む方法。 4.請求項3の方法であって、試料の温度依存性の蛍光をモニターする工程を 更に含む方法。 5.生物学的試料の標的核酸配列を増幅する改良された方法であって、 (a)標的配列の隣接する領域にハイブリダイズする二つの核酸プローブを生 物学的試料に有効量加える工程であって、前記プローブの内の一方はアクセプタ ー蛍光体によって標識され、他方のプローブは蛍光エネルギートランスファー対 のドナー蛍光体とによって標識され、二つのプローブと標的配列とのハイブリダ イゼーションにより、ドナー及びアクセプター蛍光体は相互に0〜25ヌクレオ チド以内になる工程と、 (b)ポリメラーゼ鎖反応を使用して標的核酸配列を増幅する工程であって、 このポリメラーゼ鎖反応は、所定の温度と時間のパラメータを用いて生物学的試 料を温度サイクリングに付すことを含むものである工程と、 (c)ポリメラーゼ鎖反応の間に前記ドナー蛍光体によって吸収される選択さ れた波長の光で生物学的試料を照明する工程と、 (d)試料から発光される蛍光をモニターする工程と、 (e)工程(d)で発生されたデータに従って温度と時間のパラメータを調節 して生成物の収率又は特異性を最適化する工程とを含む方法。 6.請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載の方法であって、蛍光共鳴エネルギート ランスファー対が、フルオレセインをドナーとして、またCy5をアクセプター として含む方法。 7.試料の蛍光をモニターするための装置であって、 チャンバと、 容積に対する表面積の割合が高く光学的に透明な材料を含む毛細管と、 毛細管ホルダーと、 前記チャンバ内に取付けられ、毛細管の端部を通して毛細管を照明するように 位置決めされた光源と、 前記チャンバ内に取付けられ、毛細管の端部を通して毛細管からの蛍光を測定 するように位置決めされた光検出器とを含む装置。 8.請求項7の装置であって、毛細管ホルダーは複数の毛細管を保持するカル ーセルを包含し、カルーセルは前記チャンバ内に回転可能に取付けられ、前記装 置は更に、 カルーセルを回転させるためのステッパーモーターと、 前記カルーセルを前記モーターに結合する手段とを含む装置。 9.請求項7又は8の装置であって、チャンバは、チャンバと空気流的に連通 した状態で前記装置内に取付けられチャンバの温度サイクルを迅速に回転させる ファンとヒーターとをさらに備えている装置。 10.PCR反応を行うための装置であって、 チャンバと、 チャンバと空気流的に連通した状態で前記装置に取付けられているファン及び ヒーターと、 前記チャンバ内に回転可能に取付けられ、複数の毛細管を保持するカルーセル と、 光学的に透明な材料からなる前記毛細管と、 前記チャンバ内に取付けられ、前記のうち少なくとも1本の毛細管を毛細管の 端部を通して照射するように位置決めされた光源と、 前記チャンバ内に取付けられ、前記のうち少なくとも1本の毛細管からの蛍光 を毛細管の端部を通して測定するように位置決めされた光検出器とを含む装置。 11.蛍光体を含む試料の蛍光の検出と収集効率を向上させるための方法であ って、 光学的に透明な材料を包含する毛細管内に試料を置く工程と、 毛細管の端部を通して毛細管からの蛍光を検出する工程とを含む方法。 12.請求項11の方法であって、蛍光は試料の蛍光体励起する照射によって 引き起こされるものであり、毛細管の端部を通して試料を照射する工程を更に含 む方法。 13.請求項11の方法であって、蛍光は試料の蛍光体励起する照射によって 引き起こされるものであり、検出された蛍光の光通路に沿って試料を照射する工 程を更に含む方法。 14.請求項11、12又は13の方法であって、毛細管の容積に対する表面 積の割合が4mm-1以上である方法。 15.請求項11又は12の方法であって、生物学的試料の蛍光は温度に依存 するものであり、蛍光を検出する間に生物学的試料を加熱又は冷却する工程を更 に含む方法。 16.請求項11、12又は15の方法であって、試料が蛍光エネルギートラ ンスファー対を含んでおり、蛍光エネルギートランスファー対の少なくとも一方 の蛍光体の蛍光が検出される方法。 17.請求項11又は12の方法であって、試料は、核酸プローブを含有する 核酸を含み、一方のプローブはアクセプター蛍光体によって標識され、他方のプ ローブは蛍光エネルギートランスファー対のドナー蛍光体によって標識され、検 出される蛍光はドナー蛍光体、アクセプター蛍光体、又はその両方の蛍光体であ る方法。 18.試料のための取扱いシステムであって、毛細管を含み、この毛細管は試 料デリバリーポートと前記毛細管を充填するための漏斗キャップとを有し、毛細 管は光学的に透明な材料を含み、毛細管の容積に対する表面積の割合は4mm-1 以上であり、漏斗キャップは第1の試料受入れオリフィスと、試料移送オリフィ スと、漏斗キャップの試料移送ポートと毛細管の試料デリバリーポートとが位置 合わせされるように毛細管の試料デリバリーポートに開放可能に係合する手段と を有するシステム。 19.請求項18の試料取扱いシステムであって、漏斗キャップの試料受入れ ポートと摩擦嵌め合いシール係合のためのプラグを更に含むシステム。 20. PCRを行うとともに、その反応をリアルタイムでモニターするため のシステムであって、 チャンバと、 前記装置内に取付けられチャンバと空気流的に連通しているファンとヒーター 、及び初期の所定の温度及び時間のパラメータに従ってチャンバ内の温度サイク リングを制御する手段と、 前記チャンバ内に回転可能に取付けられ、光学的に透明な材料を含み且つ容積 に対する表面積の割合が大きく熱伝導の速い複数の毛細管を保持するカルーセル と、 前記チャンバ内に取付けられ、少なくとも1本の毛細管をその端部を通して照 明するように位置決めされた光源と、 前記チャンバ内に取付けられ、少なくとも1本の毛細管からの蛍光をその端部 を通して測定するように位置決めされた光検出器と、 検出された蛍光に基づいて反応の状態を表示する手段とを含むシステム。 21.請求項20のシステムであって、一以上の反応パラメータがリアルタイ ムで調節されるようにコントローラを調節するための手段を更に含むシステム。 22.請求項20又は21のシステムであって、前記毛細管のどれもが約0. 02mm〜約1.0mmの範囲の内径を有するシステム。 23.請求項20及び21のシステムであって、 前記カルーセルによって保持された前記毛細管を照明と蛍光検出のために順次 位置決めするために、前記カルーセルを回転させるステッパーモーターを更に含 むシステム。 24.生物学的試料中の標的核酸配列のポリメラーゼ鎖反応増幅をリアルタイ ムでモニターするための方法であって、 標的配列の隣接する領域にハイブリダイズする二つの核酸プローブの存在下で ポリメラーゼ鎖反応によって標的配列を増幅する工程であって、前記プローブの 内の一方はアクセプター蛍光体によって標識され、他方のプローブは蛍光エネル ギートランスファー対のドナー蛍光体によって標識され、二つのプローブと標的 配列とのハイブリダイゼーションにより、ドナー及びアクセプター蛍光体は相互 に0〜25ヌクレオチド以内になり、前記ポリメラーゼ鎖反応は、温度的に安定 なポリメラーゼと標的核酸配列についてのプライマーを生物学的試料に加える工 程と、少なくとも変性温度と伸長温度の間で生物学的試料を温度サイクリングに 付す工程とを含むものである工程と、 ドナー蛍光体によって吸収される波長の光で生物学的試料を励起すし、生物学 的試料からの発光を検出する工程と、 試料からの温度に依存する蛍光をモニターする工程とを含む方法。 25.請求項24の方法であって、共鳴エネルギートランスファー対が、フル オレセインをドナーとして、またCy5をアクセプターとして含む方法。 26.生物学的試料の標的DNA配列を、DNA配列多型性、異型接合性又は 突然変位について分析する方法であって、 (a)生物学的試料に二つの核酸プライマーと一つの核酸プローブを有効量加 える工程であって、プライマーの一方とプローブは、アクセプター蛍光体とドナ ー蛍光体とを含む蛍光エネルギートランスファー対の何れか一方によって各々標 識されており、標識されたプローブは、標識されたプライマーの0〜25ヌクレ オチド以内で標的核酸配列の増幅されたコピーにハイブリダイズする工程と、 (b)ポリメラーゼ鎖反応によって標的核酸配列を増幅する工程であって、こ のポリメラーゼ鎖反応は、温度的に安定なポリメラーゼと標的核酸配列について のプライマーを加える工程と、少なくとも変性温度と伸長温度の間で生物学的試 料を温度サイクリングに付す工程とを含むものである工程と、 (c)ドナー蛍光体によって吸収される選択された波長の光で試料を照明し、 試料から発光される蛍光を検出する工程とを含む方法。 27.請求項26の方法であって、試料の温度依存性の蛍光をモニターする工 程を更に含む方法。 28.請求項26の方法であって、前記共鳴エネルギートランスファー対が、 フルオレセインをドナーとして、またCy5をアクセプターとして含む方法。
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