JP2000515109A - 硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸グアニジン及び過塩素酸カリウムの共晶混合物 - Google Patents
硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸グアニジン及び過塩素酸カリウムの共晶混合物Info
- Publication number
- JP2000515109A JP2000515109A JP10500597A JP50059798A JP2000515109A JP 2000515109 A JP2000515109 A JP 2000515109A JP 10500597 A JP10500597 A JP 10500597A JP 50059798 A JP50059798 A JP 50059798A JP 2000515109 A JP2000515109 A JP 2000515109A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nitrate
- composition
- eutectic
- gas
- melt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine;nitric acid Chemical compound NC(N)=N.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- BAKYASSDAXQKKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Hydroxy-3-methylbenzaldehyde Chemical compound CC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O BAKYASSDAXQKKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 Na and K Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FONBHTQCMAUYEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,2-diamine;nitric acid Chemical compound NCCN.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O FONBHTQCMAUYEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YIKSCQDJHCMVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(N)=O YIKSCQDJHCMVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001485 alkali metal perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HAMNKKUPIHEESI-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoguanidine Chemical compound NNC(N)=N HAMNKKUPIHEESI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper chromite Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Cu]=O.O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UAGLZAPCOXRKPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;1,2,3-triaminoguanidine Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.NNC(NN)=NN UAGLZAPCOXRKPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/005—By a process involving melting at least part of the ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.硝酸アンモニウムと、硝酸アミノグアニジン又は硝酸グアニジンのいずれ か一方と、安定化量の過塩素酸カリウム及びPVAとの、共晶溶融体形成混合物 を含有する、低微粒子で、実質的に無毒、無臭及び無色のガス発生用組成物。 2.過塩素酸カリウムが、約13重量%以上含まれている請求項1の組成物。 3.過塩素酸カリウムが、約8から約13%の範囲に含まれている請求項2の 組成物。 4.温度サイクルでは、耐クラッキング性を有する圧縮ペレットの形態である 請求項3の組成物。 5.GNを約35重量%、ANを約47.4重量%、KClO4を約12.6 重量%、PVAを約5重量%、実質的に含有する請求項1の組成物。 6.GNを約31重量%、ANを約55重量%、KClO4を約9重量%、P VAを約5重量%、実質的に含有する請求項1の組成物。 7.a)出口を有する密閉圧力チャンバーを備え、 b)上記チャンバー内に、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸アミノグアニジン又は 硝酸グアニジンのいずれか一方、及び過塩素酸カリウムを含有するガ ス発生の推進剤共晶溶融体を配置し、 c)突然の減速にさらされると、圧力チャンバーのセンサーによる検出に よって、上記共晶溶融体が発火し、ガスが実質的に即座に発生し、上 記圧力チャンバーの出口を通じて導かれる手段を備える、 各ステップを有する、低微粒子で、無毒、無臭及び無色のガス発生方法。 8.少なくとも1つのエアーバッグを備えた自動車では、発生ガスが出口を通 じて導かれ、その後エアーバッグに入り、即座に膨張して処理される、請求項7 の方法。 9.当該共晶溶融体は、約13重量%以下の過塩素酸カリウムを含有している 、請求項8の方法。 10.当該共晶溶融体が、温度サイクルにしたがい耐クラッキング性のある圧縮 ペレット形である、請求項9の方法。 11.共融推進剤溶融体の発火手段が、推進剤溶融体と実質的に同成分の共晶溶 融体の有効量を含む、請求項8の方法。 12.当該混合物が、PVA約5重量%に対して約1重量%含有している、請求 項1の組成物。 13.当該共晶溶融体が、PVA約5重量に対して約1重量%含有している、請 求項7の方法。 14.燃料組成物がガス発生装置のチャンバー内に配置され、突然の減速の検出 に応答して上記組成物を発火する手段が備えられている、実質的に即座にガスを 発生する方法において、その改良部分は、当該燃料組成物が、硝酸アンモニウム と、硝酸アミノグアニジン及び硝酸グアニジンのうちの少なくとも1つと、マイ ナーな有効安定化量の、ポリビニルアルコールと硝酸カリウム又は過塩素酸カリ ウムのうちのいずれかとをそれぞれ含有しているガス発生方法。 15.少なくとも1つのエアーバッグが備えられている自動車では、当該発生ガ スが出口を通じて案内されて上記エアーバッグ内に入り、実質的に即座に膨張し て処理される、請求項14の方法。 16.当該共晶溶融体が、過塩素酸カリウムを約13重量%以下の量で含有する 、請求項15の方法。 17.当該共晶溶融体が、温度サイクルにしたがい耐クラッキング性のある圧縮 ペレット形態で存在する、請求項15の方法。 18.共晶推進剤溶融体の発火手段が、燃料組成物と実質的に同じ成分の共晶溶 融体の有効量を含有している、請求項15の方法。 19.当該共晶溶融体が、PVAを約5重量%含有する、請求項14の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/663,012 | 1996-06-07 | ||
| US08/663,012 US5850053A (en) | 1995-03-31 | 1996-06-07 | Eutectic mixtures of ammonium nitrate, guanidine nitrate and potassium perchlorate |
| PCT/US1997/008371 WO1997046500A1 (en) | 1996-06-07 | 1997-05-19 | Eutectic mixtures of ammonium nitrate, guanidine nitrate and potassium perchlorate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000515109A true JP2000515109A (ja) | 2000-11-14 |
Family
ID=24660147
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10500597A Withdrawn JP2000515109A (ja) | 1996-06-07 | 1997-05-19 | 硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸グアニジン及び過塩素酸カリウムの共晶混合物 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5850053A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0902774A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2000515109A (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU3008797A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2258258A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1997046500A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6073438A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 2000-06-13 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Preparation of eutectic mixtures of ammonium nitrate and amino guanidine nitrate |
| US5997666A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1999-12-07 | Atlantic Research Corporation | GN, AGN and KP gas generator composition |
| US6562161B1 (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 2003-05-13 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Gas generating compositions for air bag |
| FR2772750B1 (fr) * | 1997-12-22 | 2000-01-28 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Composition pyrotechnique generatrice de gaz propres, a faible teneur en oxyde d'azote, et pastilles d'une telle composition |
| JP2963086B1 (ja) | 1997-12-26 | 1999-10-12 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | エアバッグ用ガス発生器及びエアバッグ装置 |
| US6132538A (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2000-10-17 | Autoliv Development Ab | High gas yield generant compositions |
| US6136113A (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2000-10-24 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Gas generating composition |
| US6156230A (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2000-12-05 | Atrantic Research Corporation | Metal oxide containing gas generating composition |
| US6143101A (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2000-11-07 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Chlorate-free autoignition compositions and methods |
| US6372191B1 (en) | 1999-12-03 | 2002-04-16 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Phase stabilized ammonium nitrate and method of making the same |
| US6224697B1 (en) | 1999-12-03 | 2001-05-01 | Autoliv Development Ab | Gas generant manufacture |
| US6418870B1 (en) | 2000-05-31 | 2002-07-16 | Systems Engineering Associates Corporation | Torpedo launch mechanism and method |
| US6436211B1 (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2002-08-20 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Gas generant manufacture |
| US6673172B2 (en) | 2001-05-07 | 2004-01-06 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Gas generant compositions exhibiting low autoignition temperatures and methods of generating gases therefrom |
| US6755438B2 (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2004-06-29 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Elongated inflator device and method of gas production |
| US6872265B2 (en) | 2003-01-30 | 2005-03-29 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate |
| US20130019587A1 (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-24 | Isaac Hoffman | Thruster devices and methods of making thruster devices for use with thrust vector control systems |
| US10443360B2 (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2019-10-15 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Non-detonable shaped charge and activation |
| CN111433172A (zh) | 2018-01-17 | 2020-07-17 | Arc汽车有限公司 | 非硝酸铵基推进剂 |
| CN116768688B (zh) * | 2023-06-01 | 2024-03-12 | 北京理工大学 | 一种抑制硝酸铵相变的共晶方法 |
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| US3031347A (en) * | 1951-02-05 | 1962-04-24 | Aerojet General Co | Slow burning solid composite propellant |
| US3909324A (en) * | 1966-11-21 | 1975-09-30 | Dow Chemical Co | Pyrotechnic disseminating formulation |
| US3739574A (en) * | 1969-12-03 | 1973-06-19 | Northrop Carolina Inc | Gas generator method and apparatus |
| US3954528A (en) * | 1970-11-06 | 1976-05-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Solid gas generating and gun propellant composition containing triaminoguanidine nitrate and synthetic polymer binder |
| DE2150465C3 (de) * | 1971-10-09 | 1978-05-24 | Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft Fuer Flugchemische Antriebe Mbh, 8261 Aschau | Feststoffgasgenerator eines Aufprallschutzsystems für die Insassen eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
| US4111728A (en) * | 1977-02-11 | 1978-09-05 | Jawaharlal Ramnarace | Gas generator propellants |
| JPH0633212B2 (ja) * | 1983-09-01 | 1994-05-02 | 日本油脂株式会社 | 油中水型エマルション爆薬組成物 |
| US4828633A (en) * | 1987-12-23 | 1989-05-09 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Salt compositions for explosives |
| US4948439A (en) * | 1988-12-02 | 1990-08-14 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Composition and process for inflating a safety crash bag |
| US4948438A (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1990-08-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Intermolecular complex explosives |
| US5035757A (en) * | 1990-10-25 | 1991-07-30 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Azide-free gas generant composition with easily filterable combustion products |
| US5197758A (en) * | 1991-10-09 | 1993-03-30 | Morton International, Inc. | Non-azide gas generant formulation, method, and apparatus |
| US5125684A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1992-06-30 | Hercules Incorporated | Extrudable gas generating propellants, method and apparatus |
| US5482579A (en) * | 1993-04-15 | 1996-01-09 | Nof Corporation | Gas generator compositions |
| KR100411997B1 (ko) * | 1993-08-04 | 2004-04-03 | 오토모티브 시스템즈 라보라토리, 인코포레이티드 | 저잔류 아지드-유리 가스 발생체 조성물 |
| US5411615A (en) * | 1993-10-04 | 1995-05-02 | Thiokol Corporation | Aluminized eutectic bonded insensitive high explosive |
| CN1132501A (zh) * | 1993-10-06 | 1996-10-02 | 尼古化学股份公司 | 气体发生器的推进剂 |
| US5431103A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1995-07-11 | Morton International, Inc. | Gas generant compositions |
| US5545272A (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1996-08-13 | Olin Corporation | Thermally stable gas generating composition |
| US5551725A (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 1996-09-03 | Ludwig; Christopher P. | Vehicle airbag inflator and related method |
| KR100257145B1 (ko) * | 1995-03-31 | 2000-05-15 | 카알라일 씨. 링 쥬니어 | 미립자가 없는 비독성, 무취 및 무색 가스를 발생시키는 불꽃 팽창 방법 |
| US5507891A (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1996-04-16 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Propellant composition for automotive safety applications |
-
1996
- 1996-06-07 US US08/663,012 patent/US5850053A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-05-19 WO PCT/US1997/008371 patent/WO1997046500A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-05-19 EP EP97924754A patent/EP0902774A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-05-19 AU AU30087/97A patent/AU3008797A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-19 CA CA002258258A patent/CA2258258A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-19 JP JP10500597A patent/JP2000515109A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5850053A (en) | 1998-12-15 |
| EP0902774A4 (en) | 1999-07-21 |
| CA2258258A1 (en) | 1997-12-11 |
| AU3008797A (en) | 1998-01-05 |
| WO1997046500A1 (en) | 1997-12-11 |
| EP0902774A1 (en) | 1999-03-24 |
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