JP2003019702A - Method for modifying wood and manufacturing method for modifier used therefor - Google Patents
Method for modifying wood and manufacturing method for modifier used thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003019702A JP2003019702A JP2001208206A JP2001208206A JP2003019702A JP 2003019702 A JP2003019702 A JP 2003019702A JP 2001208206 A JP2001208206 A JP 2001208206A JP 2001208206 A JP2001208206 A JP 2001208206A JP 2003019702 A JP2003019702 A JP 2003019702A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- keratin
- wood
- solution
- aqueous solution
- manufacturing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 108010076876 Keratins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 108010022355 Fibroins Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710200191 Feather keratin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 that is Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229940058015 1,3-butylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、木材を改質する
方法に属し、特に、木工建材によるシックハウス症候の
予防、木材の機械的強度向上や収縮防止に好適に利用さ
れうる。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for modifying wood, and can be suitably used for prevention of sick house symptoms caused by woodwork building materials, improvement of mechanical strength of wood, and prevention of shrinkage.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】木材は生物材料であることから、これを
改質する方法にも自然原料を用いることが好まれる。例
えば、木工建材に用いられている塗料や接着剤から揮発
するホルムアルデヒドなどの化学物質は、人体の粘膜を
刺激し、シックハウス症候を起こす。そこで、これを予
防するために、ラックカイガラ虫から分泌される樹脂を
原料とする塗料を木材の表面に塗布し、ホルムアルデヒ
ドを無害な物質に変える対策が提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art Since wood is a biological material, it is preferable to use natural raw materials for the method of modifying it. For example, chemical substances such as formaldehyde, which volatilize from paints and adhesives used for woodwork building materials, stimulate the mucous membranes of the human body and cause sick house symptoms. Therefore, in order to prevent this, a measure has been proposed in which a paint made of a resin secreted from Rackaigae insects is applied to the surface of wood to change formaldehyde into a harmless substance.
【０００３】また、遺跡などから出土する木材は、水分
で形状を保持しているので、そのまま大気中に放置する
と乾燥により収縮し、二度と元の形状に戻らなくなる。
そこで、絹フィブロイン水溶液を木材に注入し寸法安定
性を向上させる技術が提案されている（特開平８−１０
３９０３）。Further, since the wood excavated from ruins and the like retains its shape due to moisture, if it is left in the atmosphere as it is, it will shrink by drying and will never return to its original shape.
Therefore, a technique has been proposed for injecting an aqueous silk fibroin solution into wood to improve dimensional stability (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-10).
3903).
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、木材表面への
薬剤塗布は、単に表面だけを改質するに過ぎず、合板な
どに用いられている接着剤から揮発するホルムアルデヒ
ドに対しては有効でない。一方、絹フィブロイン水溶液
の注入は、寸法安定性に関しては有効であるが、強度向
上やシックハウス予防にどの程度効果があるのか定かで
ない。仮に効果があるとしても、絹フィブロインは数十
万もの大きな分子量を有することから、高濃度の水溶液
を得ることは困難であり、有効量のフィブロインを木材
に浸透させるためには分子量カットなどに多大のコスト
を要する。However, the application of chemicals to the surface of wood merely modifies the surface and is not effective for formaldehyde which is volatilized from the adhesive used for plywood and the like. On the other hand, the injection of the silk fibroin aqueous solution is effective for the dimensional stability, but it is not clear how effective it is for improving the strength and preventing sick house. Even if effective, silk fibroin has a large molecular weight of hundreds of thousands, so it is difficult to obtain a high-concentration aqueous solution, and in order to infiltrate an effective amount of fibroin into wood, it is very difficult to cut the molecular weight. Cost of.
【０００５】それ故、この発明の課題は、シックハウス
症候の根本的対策として期待することができ、且つ機械
的強度及び寸法安定性の向上にも有効な木材改質方法を
安価に提供することである。[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide at low cost a wood modifying method which can be expected as a fundamental measure against sick house symptoms and which is also effective in improving mechanical strength and dimensional stability. is there.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】その課題を解決するため
に、この発明の方法は、木材をケラチン水溶液で処理す
ることを特徴とする。ここで、「ケラチン水溶液で処理
する」とは、ケラチン水溶液に浸すこと、ケラチン水溶
液を浸透させること、ケラチン水溶液を注入すること並
びにこれらに類する操作のすべてを意味する。In order to solve the problem, the method of the present invention is characterized by treating wood with an aqueous solution of keratin. Here, “treating with a keratin aqueous solution” means all of the operations of immersing in the keratin aqueous solution, permeating the keratin aqueous solution, injecting the keratin aqueous solution, and the like.
【０００７】発明者らが実験したところ、木材をケラチ
ン水溶液で処理すると、ケラチンが容易に木材に浸透す
ることが判明した。また、ケラチン水溶液は、発明者ら
による後述の製造方法によれば、高濃度に調製できるこ
とも判明した。ケラチンは蛋白質である。そして、ホル
ムアルデヒドが蛋白質全般に吸着しやすいことは実験的
に確認され、既に知られている。従って、この発明の改
質方法によって、木材中のホルムアルデヒドをケラチン
に吸着させ、その揮発を防止することができる。しかも
処理後は処理前よりも機械的強度及び寸法安定性が向上
することも判明した。従って、この改質方法は建材の補
強手段あるいは出土木材の保存手段としても適してい
る。前記ケラチンとしては羽毛又は羊毛に由来するもの
即ち羽毛ケラチンが調製しやすくて好ましい。Experiments conducted by the inventors have revealed that when wood is treated with an aqueous keratin solution, keratin easily penetrates into the wood. It was also found that the keratin aqueous solution can be prepared at a high concentration by the production method described below by the inventors. Keratin is a protein. It has been experimentally confirmed and already known that formaldehyde is easily adsorbed to proteins in general. Therefore, the reforming method of the present invention makes it possible to adsorb formaldehyde in wood to keratin and prevent its volatilization. Moreover, it was also found that the mechanical strength and the dimensional stability after the treatment were higher than those before the treatment. Therefore, this modification method is also suitable as a reinforcing means for building materials or a preserving means for excavated wood. As the keratin, feather-derived keratin, that is, feather keratin, is preferable because it can be easily prepared.
【０００８】改質剤としてのケラチン水溶液を製造する
適切な方法は、ケラチンを主成分とする天然物を水中で
アルカリと混合し、加熱したのち、中和することを特徴
とする。この方法によれば、ケラチン濃度で最大４０％
程度の改質剤を製造することができる。アルカリとして
は水酸化ナトリウム又は水酸化カリウム、中和剤は酢酸
等の弱酸が好ましい。強酸は木材のセルロースを加水分
解する恐れがあるからである。天然物としては羽毛又は
羊毛が溶けやすくて好ましい。A suitable method for producing an aqueous solution of keratin as a modifier is characterized in that a natural product containing keratin as a main component is mixed with an alkali in water, heated and then neutralized. According to this method, the maximum keratin concentration is 40%.
A degree of modifier can be produced. The alkali is preferably sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and the neutralizing agent is preferably a weak acid such as acetic acid. This is because the strong acid may hydrolyze the cellulose of wood. As a natural product, feather or wool is preferred because it is easily melted.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】−実施例１−
＜木材試験片の作製＞遺跡から出土した広葉樹材から３
ｃｍ（木目接線方向）×３ｃｍ（木目法線方向）×１．
５ｃｍ（繊維軸方向）の試験片を切り出した。[Examples] -Examples 1- <Production of wood test pieces> 3 from hardwood materials excavated from the remains
cm (wood grain tangential direction) × 3 cm (wood grain normal direction) × 1.
A 5 cm (fiber axis direction) test piece was cut out.
【００１０】＜改質剤の作製＞羽毛１０ｇを２００ｍＬ
の三角フラスコに採り、これに１規定の水酸化ナトリウ
ム水溶液９０ｇを加えて７０℃で３時間加熱した。室温
に冷ました後、酢酸を約４ｍＬ添加してｐＨ＝７に調整
し、１０％の羽毛ケラチン水溶液を作製した。同様にし
て作製した１０％溶液を減圧乾燥することにより、２０
％溶液と３０％溶液をそれぞれ作製した。<Preparation of modifier> 200 g of 10 g of feathers
The mixture was placed in an Erlenmeyer flask (1), 90 g of a 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, and the mixture was heated at 70 ° C. for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, about 4 mL of acetic acid was added to adjust the pH to 7, and a 10% feather keratin aqueous solution was prepared. A 10% solution prepared in the same manner was dried under reduced pressure to give 20
% Solution and 30% solution were prepared respectively.
【００１１】＜改質実験＞試験片の３ｃｍ×３ｃｍの面
上の合計４カ所にステンレス製のピンを打った。ピンの
位置は、木目に対する接線方向に所定間隔をあけて２カ
所、法線方向に所定間隔をあけて２カ所とし、接線方向
及び法線方向の各ピン間距離をノギスで計測するととも
に、試験片の重量を測定した。<Modification Experiment> Stainless steel pins were struck at a total of four locations on a 3 cm × 3 cm surface of the test piece. There are two pin positions with a predetermined interval in the tangential direction to the grain and two positions with a predetermined interval in the normal direction. Measure the distance between each pin in the tangential direction and the normal direction with a caliper, and perform a test. The piece was weighed.
【００１２】次に、ピン間距離計測後の試験片を次の１
〜４の条件で処理し、処理後に溶液から試験片を取り出
し、ドラフト内で風乾した。そして、所定日数経過後の
ピン間距離及び試験片の重量を計測した。
１：１０％溶液に６日間浸す。
２：１０％溶液に３日間浸した後、２０％溶液に３日間
浸す。
３：１０％溶液に３日間浸した後、３０％溶液に３日間
浸す。
４：無処理Next, the test piece after measuring the distance between pins was
After the treatment, the test piece was taken out of the solution and dried in a fume hood. Then, the pin-to-pin distance and the weight of the test piece were measured after a lapse of a predetermined number of days. Soak in 1: 10% solution for 6 days. Soak in 2: 10% solution for 3 days and then in 20% solution for 3 days. Soak in 3: 10% solution for 3 days and then in 30% solution for 3 days. 4: No processing
【００１３】＜結果＞処理終了後、４日経過するところ
まで試験片を観察したところ、図１に示すようにすべて
の試験片の重量が減少し続けた。また、ピン間距離から
試験片の収縮率を算出したところ、表１の通りとなっ
た。<Results> When the test pieces were observed up to 4 days after the completion of the treatment, the weights of all the test pieces continued to decrease as shown in FIG. Further, when the shrinkage rate of the test piece was calculated from the distance between the pins, it was as shown in Table 1.
【００１４】[0014]
【表１】 −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− 試験片 接線方向の収縮率 法線方向の収縮率 No. （％） （％） −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− １ ３３ ８ ２ ２６ ３ ３ ６ ０ ４ ６５ ３４ −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−[Table 1] −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− Test piece tangential shrinkage Normal shrinkage No. (%) (%) −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− 1 33 8 2 26 3 3 60 4 65 34 −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
【００１５】図１及び表１に見られるように、ケラチン
水溶液に浸した試験片は、無処理の試験片に比べて重量
変化率及び収縮率のどちらも小さかった。また、ケラチ
ン水溶液の濃度が高いほど、重量変化率及び収縮率が小
さかった。従って、ケラチン水溶液に浸した試験片にケ
ラチンが浸透したことが明らかである。As shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1, the test piece dipped in the keratin aqueous solution had a smaller weight change rate and a smaller shrinkage rate than the untreated test piece. In addition, the higher the concentration of the keratin aqueous solution, the smaller the weight change rate and the shrinkage rate. Therefore, it is clear that keratin penetrated into the test piece dipped in the keratin aqueous solution.
【００１６】−実施例２−
羊毛を原料として製造された市販の加水分解ケラチン液
（一丸ファルコス株式会社製プロティキュートＨγ）を
準備した。このケラチン液は、平均分子量３万、蛋白質
９２．４４％の高純度精製プロテインを主成分とし、
１，３−ブチレングリコールを１０％含むものである。Example 2 A commercially available hydrolyzed keratin solution (Proticute Hγ manufactured by Ichimaru Falcos Co., Ltd.) prepared using wool as a raw material was prepared. This keratin solution is mainly composed of high-purity purified protein having an average molecular weight of 30,000 and 92.44% protein,
It contains 10% of 1,3-butylene glycol.
【００１７】上記ケラチン液にフジのつるを常温で浸
し、ポリエチレンのフィルムで包んでオーブン中４０℃
で２０分間保持した。オーブンから取り出してフィルム
を剥がし、乾燥後に米倉製作所製引っ張り強度試験機CA
TY-500BHで引っ張り強度及び破壊伸びを測定した。比較
のためにケラチン液に浸さない以外は同一条件でフジの
つるの引っ張り強度及び破壊伸びを測定した。A Fuji vine is soaked in the above keratin solution at room temperature, wrapped with a polyethylene film, and placed in an oven at 40 ° C.
Hold for 20 minutes. Remove the film from the oven, peel off the film, and after drying, Yonekura Manufacturing Tensile Strength Tester CA
The tensile strength and breaking elongation were measured with TY-500BH. For comparison, the tensile strength and breaking elongation of Fuji vines were measured under the same conditions except that they were not dipped in a keratin solution.
【００１８】その結果、ケラチン液に浸していないフジ
のつるの引っ張り強度は１２４．７ＭＰａ、破壊伸びは
８．１％であったのに対して、ケラチン液に浸したフジ
のつるの引っ張り強度は１９２．６ＭＰａ、破壊伸びは
１２．１であった。従って、ケラチン水溶液に浸したフ
ジのつるにケラチンが浸透したことが明らかである。As a result, the tensile strength of the Fuji vine not soaked in the keratin solution was 124.7 MPa and the breaking elongation was 8.1%, while the tensile strength of the Fuji vine soaked in the keratin solution was It was 192.6 MPa and the breaking elongation was 12.1. Therefore, it is clear that keratin penetrated into the vine of Fuji which was soaked in the keratin aqueous solution.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、木材をケラチン水溶
液で処理するだけでケラチンが木材中に浸透する。従っ
て、木材中の化学物質の揮発を防止することができ、且
つ機械的強度及び寸法安定性を向上させることができ、
出土木材や建材の改質に有益である。According to the present invention, keratin penetrates into wood simply by treating the wood with an aqueous solution of keratin. Therefore, volatilization of chemical substances in wood can be prevented, and mechanical strength and dimensional stability can be improved,
It is useful for reforming excavated wood and building materials.
【図１】 ケラチン水溶液で処理した木材試験片の重量
変化率を示すグラフである。FIG. 1 is a graph showing the rate of change in weight of wood test pieces treated with an aqueous keratin solution.
Claims (6)
徴とする木材改質方法。1. A method for modifying wood, which comprises treating wood with an aqueous solution of keratin.
求項１に記載の方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the keratin is derived from feathers or wool.
ドを含む建材である請求項１又は２に記載の方法。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the wood is excavated wood or a building material containing formaldehyde.
を特徴とする木材改質剤。4. A wood modifier comprising a keratin hydrolyzate as a main component.
ルカリと混合し、加熱したのち、中和することを特徴と
する木材改質剤の製造方法。5. A method for producing a wood modifier, which comprises mixing a natural product containing keratin as a main component with an alkali in water, heating the mixture, and then neutralizing the mixture.
に記載の製造方法。6. The natural product is feather or wool.
The manufacturing method described in.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001208206A JP3561725B2 (en) | 2001-07-09 | 2001-07-09 | Method for modifying wood and modifier used therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001208206A JP3561725B2 (en) | 2001-07-09 | 2001-07-09 | Method for modifying wood and modifier used therefor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003019702A true JP2003019702A (en) | 2003-01-21 |
| JP3561725B2 JP3561725B2 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
Family
ID=19044077
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001208206A Expired - Fee Related JP3561725B2 (en) | 2001-07-09 | 2001-07-09 | Method for modifying wood and modifier used therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3561725B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018020467A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2018-02-08 | 群馬県 | Processing method of wood and processed product |
| JPWO2021201103A1 (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-07 |
-
2001
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2018020467A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2018-02-08 | 群馬県 | Processing method of wood and processed product |
| JPWO2021201103A1 (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-07 | ||
| WO2021201103A1 (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-07 | Ｓｐｉｂｅｒ株式会社 | Flame-retardant material and method for producing same |
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