JP2005299329A - Building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building, in which even if any large-space room is constructed along bearing walls such as external building walls, shearing stress-resistance to horizontal forces can be expected from these bearing walls. <P>SOLUTION: This building is integrally provided with floor-like structural materials 25 and 35 with bearing walls 1E, 1W and 1S on at least one face of the bearing walls 1E, 1W and 1S constituting a building frame. Thereby the floor-like structural material 25 and 35 can bear horizontal forces acting upon the bearing walls 1E, 1W and 1S. As the result, even when a large-space room is constructed along the bearing walls 1E, 1W and 1S, shearing strength resisting to horizontal forces can be expected from the bearing walls 1E, 1W and 1S. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a building.

  In recent years, the construction of houses has been industrialized. For example, in prefabricated houses, rectangular plates such as floor panels, wall panels, ceiling panels, etc. that have been formed in the factory in advance without using columns and beams. There is known a construction method (hereinafter referred to as a panel construction method) for forming floors, walls, ceilings, and the like by arranging shaped panels.

  Panels for floors, walls, roofs, etc. assembled at the factory are brought to the construction site by trucks. In a construction site, a basic structure of a house such as a floor, a wall, and a roof can be constructed in a short period of time simply by arranging the panels and joining the panels.

In a house constructed with a panel method, for example, when a wide opening is required, such as a garage under a house, a gate consisting of a beam extending horizontally and pillars extending vertically downward from both ends of the beam A mold panel is applied. In addition, there is a type using a gate-type panel unit in which a pair of portal panels are opposed to each other at a predetermined interval, both pillar portions are coupled by wall panels, and beam portions are coupled by floor panels (for example, patents). Reference 1).
Japanese Patent No. 2565626

  By the way, when living in a completed house for a long period of time, it is necessary to change the layout and specifications for the growth and independence of the family. For this reason, a house has been designed in which a room of a large space is formed in advance and a partition of a non-bearing wall is provided therein so that the floor plan can be easily changed even after completion.

  However, if a large space is provided in conformity with the load-bearing wall such as the outer wall, the horizontal force applied to the load-bearing wall may exceed the shear strength of the load-bearing wall.

  The subject of this invention is providing the building which can expect the shear strength resisting horizontal force to a load bearing wall, even when the room of a large space is provided according to the load bearing wall.

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a building, and as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, at least one surface of the load-bearing walls (outer walls 1 </ b> E, 1 </ b> W, 1 </ b> S) constituting the housing. Further, floor-shaped structural members 25 and 35 are provided integrally with the load-bearing walls (outer walls 1E, 1W, and 1S).

  Here, the floor-shaped structural material is a member whose width in the direction perpendicular to the bearing wall is larger than the height in the vertical direction and bears a horizontal force acting on the bearing wall, but does not necessarily support the vertical load. May be. As the floor structure material, for example, a floor panel or the like can be used, but a beam material or the like having a beam formation smaller than the width in the direction perpendicular to the bearing wall may be used.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the floor-shaped structural member 25 is integrated with the load-bearing walls (outer walls 1E, 1W, 1S) on at least one surface of the load-bearing walls (outer walls 1E, 1W, 1S) constituting the casing. , 35 is provided, it is possible to load the floor-shaped structural members 25, 35 with a horizontal force acting on the load-bearing walls (outer walls 1E, 1W, 1S). Therefore, even when a large space room is provided in accordance with the bearing walls (outer walls 1E, 1W, 1S), it is possible to expect the shear walls (outer walls 1E, 1W, 1S) to have a shear resistance that resists horizontal force. it can.

  Invention of Claim 2 is a building of Claim 1, Comprising: As shown in FIG.2 (b), the said load-bearing wall (outer wall 1E, 1W) of the said floor-like structure material 35 is on the opposite side. A wall body (support walls 40E, 40W) is provided at the end portion in parallel with the load-bearing wall (outer walls 1E, 1W).

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, a wall body parallel to the load-bearing wall (outer walls 1E, 1W) is provided at the end of the floor-shaped structural member 35 opposite to the load-bearing wall (outer walls 1E, 1W). Since the (support walls 40E and 40W) are provided, the beam structures 20 and 50 having the same H-shaped cross section as the H-shaped steel can be formed, and the rigidity against bending and twisting can be further increased. Therefore, the load-bearing wall can be reduced, and a wide opening and a large space can be provided.

  Invention of Claim 3 is the building of Claim 2, Comprising: The beam material 41E which supports this wall body (support wall 40E, 40W) in the lower part of the said wall body (support wall 40E, 40W) , 41W is provided in parallel to the load-bearing walls (outer walls 1E, 1W).

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the beam members 41E and 41W that support the wall bodies (support walls 40E and 40W) are provided at the lower part of the wall bodies (support walls 40E and 40W). 1W), it is possible to support the load of the wall body (support walls 40E, 40W) by the beam members 41E, 41W, and the beam member 41E together with the wall bodies (support walls 40E, 40W). , 41W can transmit a horizontal force.

  Invention of Claim 4 is a building of Claim 2 or 3, Comprising: Two said wall bodies (support wall 40E, 40W) are opposingly provided in the both ends of the housing, and said wall body It is characterized by being connected to each other by a beam material (H-section steel 43) perpendicular to the (support walls 40E, 40W).

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the two wall bodies (support walls 40E and 40W) are provided opposite to each other at both ends of the housing, and the beam is perpendicular to the wall bodies (support walls 40E and 40W). Since they are connected to each other by the material (H-shaped steel 43), a large space can be provided between the two wall bodies (support walls 40E, 40W).

  Invention of Claim 5 is the building of Claim 4, Comprising: The beam material (H-section steel) perpendicular | vertical to the said wall body (support wall 40E, 40W) and the said wall body (support wall 40E, 40W) 43) is characterized in that it supports the roof (roof panel 44).

  According to the invention described in claim 5, the wall (support walls 40E, 40W) and the beam member (H-shaped steel 43) perpendicular to the wall (support walls 40E, 40W) are a roof (roof panel 44). Therefore, a large room can be provided on the top floor of the building.

  Invention of Claim 6 is the building of Claim 5, Comprising: The beam material (H-section steel 43) perpendicular | vertical to the said wall body (support wall 40E, 40W) is said wall body (support wall 40E, 40W) is connected to the upper end.

  According to invention of Claim 6, the beam material (H-section steel 43) perpendicular | vertical to the said wall body (support wall 40E, 40W) is connected to the upper end part of the said wall body (support wall 40E, 40W). As a result, the ceiling height of large rooms can be increased.

  According to the present invention, by providing the floor-shaped structural material integrally with the load-bearing wall on at least one surface of the load-bearing wall constituting the housing, it is possible to load the floor-shaped structural material with the horizontal force acting on the load-bearing wall. it can. Therefore, even when a large space is provided in line with the bearing wall, it is possible to expect the shear wall to resist the horizontal force.

  Also, by providing a wall body in parallel with the load bearing wall at the end opposite to the load bearing wall of the floor structure material, a beam structure with a H-shaped cross section similar to that of H-section steel can be formed and bent. Further, the rigidity against twisting can be further increased. Therefore, the load-bearing wall can be reduced, and a wide opening and a large space can be provided.

  In addition, by providing a beam material that supports the wall body in the lower part of the wall body in parallel with the load-bearing wall, the load of the wall body can be supported by the beam material, and horizontal force is transmitted by the beam material together with the wall body. can do.

  Furthermore, a large space living room can be provided between the two walls by providing two walls facing each other at both ends of the housing and connecting them with a beam material perpendicular to the walls.

  In addition, the wall and the beam material perpendicular to the wall support the roof, so that a large room can be provided on the top floor of the building.

  Furthermore, the ceiling height of the large room can be increased by connecting a beam member perpendicular to the wall to the upper end of the wall.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is a floor plan showing a building in which the present invention is implemented. (A) is a floor plan of the first floor, and (b) is a floor plan of the second floor.

  In this building, the bars are assembled in a rectangular frame shape, and reinforcing bars are vertically and horizontally assembled in the rectangular frame as necessary, and panels with plywood and other face materials attached to both sides or one side are pre-formed at the factory, etc. However, this is used as a structural material such as a floor, a wall, and a roof, and is constructed by using a panel method for constructing a house by assembling these panels at a construction site.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the entrance 11 is provided on the outer wall 1W on the west side. A bathroom 12 is provided at the northwest corner adjacent to the entrance 11, and the entrance 11 and the bathroom 12 are partitioned by a wall 5a.

  A bathroom and toilet 13 is provided adjacent to the bathroom 12. There is a kitchen 14 in the northeast of the first floor. Windows 8a, 8b, and 8c are provided on the outer wall 1N on the north side of the bathroom 12, the toilet / toilet 13, and the kitchen 14, respectively.

  The living room 15 is on the south half of the first floor. The living room 15 forms a large space integrated with the kitchen 14. A wall 5b perpendicular to the outer wall 1W on the west side is provided between the entrance 11 and the living room 15.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the west half of the living room 15 is an atrium 17. A stairway 16 that leads to the second floor is provided along the wall 5b at the portion of the blow-off portion 17.

  In the outer wall 1E on the east side, a small opening 6a is provided at a position facing the entrance 11. On the south side of the small opening 6a, a load bearing wall 2a having a width of about 45 cm is provided. The bearing wall 2a continues to the second floor.

  At the south end of the outer wall 1E on the east side, there is provided a column structure 3E formed by combining a wall panel constituting the outer wall 1E and three wall panels 4a, 4b, and 4c having a width of about 45 cm into a prismatic shape. It has been. Also, at the junction between the outer wall 1W on the west side and the outer wall 1S on the south side, the wall panels constituting the outer walls 1W and 1S on the west side and the south side are combined with two wall panels 4d and 4e having a width of about 45 cm. A column structure 3W formed in a prismatic shape is provided.

  A bearing wall 2b having a width of about 45 cm is provided in the north-south direction between the column structures 3E and 3W. Note that the bearing wall 2b continues to the second floor. A large opening 7a having a height that reaches from the floor to the ceiling is provided between the north end of the bearing wall 2b and the column structure. The load bearing wall 2b continues to the roof, and a south outer wall 1S is provided between the south end of the load bearing wall 2b and the west column structure 3W. The bearing wall 2b and the outer wall 1S are vertical. The outer wall 1W and the wall panel 4d are vertical, and the outer wall 1S and the wall panel 4e are vertical.

  Between the bearing wall 2a and the column structure 3E, a wall-mounted storage unit 15a having a depth of about 45 cm is provided along the east side outer wall 1E. Also, a wall-mounted storage unit 15b having a depth of about 45 cm is provided along the south outer wall 1S between the bearing wall 2b and the column structure 3W. Also, a wall-mounted storage unit 15c having a depth of about 45 cm is provided along the west outer wall 1W between the wall between the entrance 11 and the living room 15 and the pillar structure 3W. The wall-mounted storage units 15a, 15b, and 15c have the same size and can be exchanged in position.

The second floor is one room in a large space, and can be partitioned into an arbitrary floor plan by a partition wall (not shown). On the second floor, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), an eaves 21 and a small opening 6b are provided above the entrance 11 of the west side outer wall 1W. On the north side of the small opening 6b, a load bearing wall 2c continuous with the wall 5a is provided. In addition, a load bearing wall 2d continuous with the wall 5b is provided on the south side of the small opening 6b.
A small opening 6c is provided above the small opening 6a of the outer wall 1E on the east side.

  On the outer wall 1N on the north side, a window 8d is provided above the windows 8a and 8b, and a window 8e is provided above the window 8c. A large opening 7b is provided between the load-bearing wall 2b and the column structure 3E. In addition, between the large opening 7a and the large opening 7b, a flange 22 is provided and a beam (not shown) is provided. The beam (not shown) is supported by the east side column structure 3E and the bearing wall 2b. The end on the south side of the floor 24 on the second floor is supported by the pillar structure 3E on the east side and a beam (not shown).

  A small window 9 for daylighting is formed in the outer wall 1S on the south side. In addition, a floor-shaped structural member 25 having a width of about 45 cm is provided at the same height as the floor 24 on the second floor at the top of the wall-mounted storage units 15b and 15c. This floor-shaped structural material 25 is a floor panel used in the panel construction method, and as shown in FIG. 2A, a reinforcing frame material is provided on a rectangular frame-shaped frame material 25a as needed, and plywood is formed on the upper surface. 25b is pasted and formed.

  The width of the floor-shaped structural member 25 in the direction perpendicular to the outer wall 1W (1S) is larger than the height in the vertical direction. Therefore, it is possible to exert a stronger bending resistance against a horizontal force acting in a direction perpendicular to the outer wall 1W (1S) than a vertical load acting on the floor-shaped structural member 25.

  An end of the floor structure material 25 on the side of the outer wall 1W (1S) of the brazing material 25a is supported by the outer wall 1W (1S). Moreover, the edge part on the opposite side to the outer wall 1W (1S) of the eaves 25a of the floor-like structure material 25 is supported by the beam material 26 provided in parallel with the outer wall 1W (1S).

Both ends of the beam member 26 are supported by the column structure 3W and the bearing wall 2b or 2d. A halved member 27 is provided on the upper portion of the beam member 26 in contact with the end of the floor-like structural member 25.
Further, both end portions of the floor-shaped structural member 25 perpendicular to the outer wall 1W (1S) are supported by the wall 5b and the wall panel 4d (bearing wall 2b and wall panel 4e).

  Thus, since the floor-like structural member 25 is provided integrally with the outer wall 1W (1S) along the inner surface of the outer wall 1W (1S), the horizontal force in the surface direction acting on the outer wall 1W (1S) A horizontal force in a direction perpendicular to the surface can be applied to the floor-shaped structural member 25, and a shear strength and a bending strength that resist the horizontal force can be increased. Therefore, a large space room can be provided in accordance with the outer wall 1W (1S).

  Further, the outer wall 1W (1S), the floor-shaped structural member 25, and the beam member 26 are joined together to form a beam structure 20 having a substantially H-shaped cross section similar to the H-shaped steel. For this reason, the outer wall 1W (1S), the beam member 26 serves as a web, and the floor-like structural member 25 serves as a flange, and the rigidity against bending and twisting can be further increased.

  FIG. 2B is a vertical sectional view of the outer wall 1E on the east side or the outer wall 1W on the west side at the height of the roof. In order to make the second floor one room of a large space, a structure as shown in FIG. 2B is provided on the upper part of the outer wall 1E on the east side and the outer wall 1W on the west side. That is, the support wall 40E (40W) is disposed in parallel to the outer wall 1E (1W) and spaced apart from the outer wall 1E (1W) by a predetermined distance.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, a trunk difference 31 and a parapet wall 32 are provided on the upper part of the outer wall 1E on the east side. The parapet wall 32 is joined to the outer wall 1 </ b> E by a trunk difference bolt 31 a or an adhesive. The parapet wall 32 forms the upper end of the outer wall 1E at the same height. As shown in FIG. 4A, the parapet wall 32 is similarly provided on the upper portion of the outer wall 1W on the west side. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, parapet walls 32 are similarly provided on the upper portions of the outer walls 1N and 1S on the north side and the south side.

  The support wall 40E is supported via the trunk difference 31 by a beam member 41E provided in parallel with the outer wall 1E. The support wall 40E and the trunk difference 31, and the trunk difference 31 and the beam member 41E are fastened by a trunk difference bolt or an adhesive (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the beam member 41E is supported by the outer wall 1N, the load-bearing wall 2a, and the column structure 3E. As shown in FIG. 2B, a floor support member 33 is provided at the same height on the opposing surfaces of the upper body difference 31 of the outer wall 1E and the lower body difference 31 of the support wall 40E.

  The floor support member 33 is tightly coupled to the outer wall 1E and the upper body difference 31 of the outer wall 1E or the lower body difference 31 of the support wall 40E and the needle material 41E by screw nails 34, an adhesive, or the like. A floor-shaped structural member 35 is disposed on the floor receiving member 33.

  This floor-shaped structural member 35 is a floor panel used in the panel method, and as shown in FIG. 2 (b), a reinforcing frame member is provided on a rectangular frame-shaped saddle member 35a as necessary, and plywood is provided on the upper surface. 35b is stuck and formed. Similarly to the floor support member 34, the floor-shaped structural member 35 is tightly coupled to the upper body difference 31 of the outer wall 1E and the lower body difference 31 of the support wall 40E by a screw nail 34, an adhesive, or the like.

  The width of the floor-shaped structural member 35 in the direction perpendicular to the outer wall 1E (1W) is larger than the height in the vertical direction. Therefore, it is possible to exert a stronger bending resistance against a horizontal force acting in a direction perpendicular to the outer wall 1E (1W) than a vertical load acting on the floor-shaped structural member 35.

  An end of the floor structure material 35 on the outer wall 1E (1W) side of the eaves 25a is supported by a floor receiving material 33 provided on the outer wall 1E (1W). Moreover, the edge part on the opposite side to the outer wall 1E (1W) of the eaves 25a of the floor-like structure material 25 is supported by the floor receiving material 33 provided in the beam material 41E (41W). Further, both end portions of the floor-shaped structural member 35 perpendicular to the outer wall 1E (1W) are supported by the outer wall 1N and the columnar structure 3E (the outer wall 1N, the bearing wall 2c, or the columnar structure 3W, the bearing wall 2d).

  As described above, since the floor-shaped structural member 35 is provided integrally with the outer wall 1E (1W) along the inner surface of the outer wall 1E (1W), the horizontal horizontal force acting on the outer wall 1E (1W) A horizontal force in a direction perpendicular to the surface can be applied to the floor-shaped structural member 35, and a shear strength and a bending strength that resist the horizontal force can be increased. Therefore, a large space room can be provided in accordance with the outer wall 1E (1W).

  Further, the outer wall 1E (1W) and the support wall 40E (40W) are arranged at a predetermined interval and in parallel, and are fastened to each other by the floor-shaped structural member 35 via the body difference 31 to form an H shape. A beam structure 50 having an H-shaped cross section similar to that of steel can be formed. For this reason, the outer wall 1E (1W), the support wall 40E (40W), and the beam member 41E (41W) serve as a web and the floor-like structural member 35 serves as a flange, and the rigidity against bending and twisting can be further increased.

  In addition, since the recessed part is provided in the part of the entrance 11 and the small opening part 6b as shown in FIG. 1 in the west side of a building, as shown to Fig.4 (a), the entrance 11 and the small opening part 6b are provided. There is no west outer wall 1W in this part.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the support wall 40W is supported by a beam member 41W provided under the support wall 40W. The beam member 41W is supported by the outer wall 1N on the north side, the bearing walls 2c and 2d, and the column structure 3W.

  Between the outer wall 1W and the support wall 40W, as with the east side, a trunk difference 31, a floor receiving member 33, a floor-like structural member 35, and the like are provided. However, since there is no west-side outer wall 1W at the entrance 11 and the small opening 6b, the north-side beam structure 50a having an H-shaped section and the south-side beam structure 50b having an H-shaped section are formed separately. The south end of the beam structure 50a is connected to the load bearing wall 2c, and the north end of the beam structure 50b is connected to the load bearing wall 2d.

  On the upper portion of the small opening 6b, a flange 42 is provided between the bearing wall 2c and the bearing wall 2d. A horizontal load can be transmitted between the beam structure 50a and the beam structure 50b by the flange 42 and the support wall 40W.

  The support wall 40E and the support wall 40W support the H-section steel 43 at the upper ends. The H-shaped steel 43 is passed between the support wall 40E and the support wall 40W, and supports the roof panel 44. As shown in FIG. 5A, the roof panel 44 is supported by the H-shaped steel 43 and supported by the roof receiving member 36 provided on the outer wall 1N (1S).

  In addition, in the upper part of the large opening part 7b, as shown in FIG.5 (b), the parapet wall 32 and the roof receiving material 36 are provided in the upper part of the beam material 37 provided flush with the outer wall 1S. An auxiliary wall member 38 is provided in parallel with the beam member 37, and both ends of the beam member 37 and the auxiliary wall member 38 are supported by the column structure 3E and the load bearing wall 2b. Further, the lower ends of the beam member 37 and the auxiliary wall member 38 are connected by an eaves member 39. The roof panel 44 is supported by the H-shaped steel 43 and is also supported by the roof receiving member 36 and the auxiliary wall member 38.

  Since the H-shaped steel 43 that supports the roof panel 44 is passed between the support wall 40E and the support wall 40W, a large space living room without a bearing wall can be provided on the second floor. Moreover, the partition of a non-bearing wall can be provided arbitrarily and a floor plan can be easily performed even after completion.

  In addition, in the above embodiment, it was set as the building of a gable roof, However, You may make it another roof shape. Of course, the position of the blow-by portion 17 and other floor plans and directions can be changed as appropriate.

It is a floor plan which shows the building which implemented this invention, (a) is a floor plan of the 1st floor, (b) is a floor plan of the 2nd floor. (A) is a vertical sectional view of the outer wall at the floor height of the second floor of the building of FIG. 1, and (b) is a vertical sectional view of the outer wall at the height of the roof of the building of FIG. (A) is an elevation view of the outer wall on the east side of the building of FIG. 1, and (b) is an elevation view of the support wall on the east side of the building of FIG. (A) is an elevation view of the outer wall on the west side of the building of FIG. 1, and (b) is an elevation view of the support wall on the west side of the building of FIG. (A) is a vertical sectional view at the height of the roof of the outer wall on the north side or the south side of the building of FIG. 1, and (b) is a vertical section at the height of the roof at the top of the large opening on the south side of the building of FIG. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1N, 1E, 1W, 1S Outer wall 25, 35 Floor structure material 40E, 40W Support wall 41E, 41W Beam material 43 H-section steel 44 Roof panel 20, 50, 50a, 50b Beam structure

Claims (6)

  A building characterized in that a floor-like structural material is provided integrally with the load-bearing wall on at least one surface of the load-bearing wall constituting the frame.   The building according to claim 1, wherein a wall body is provided in parallel to the load bearing wall at an end portion of the floor-shaped structural member opposite to the load bearing wall.   The building according to claim 2, wherein a beam member that supports the wall body is provided at a lower portion of the wall body.   The building according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the two wall bodies face each other and are provided at both ends of the frame and are connected to each other by a beam material perpendicular to the wall body.   The building according to claim 4, wherein the wall body and a beam material perpendicular to the wall body support a roof.   The building according to claim 5, wherein a beam material perpendicular to the wall body is connected to an upper end portion of the wall body.

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