JP2010077435A - 天然微小管に封入された相変化物質及びその調製 - Google Patents
天然微小管に封入された相変化物質及びその調製 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/04—Making microcapsules or microballoons by physical processes, e.g. drying, spraying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/20—After-treatment of capsule walls, e.g. hardening
- B01J13/22—Coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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Abstract
【解決手段】微小管に封入された相変化物質のマイクロカプセル及びその調製方法を提供する。相変化物質のマイクロカプセルは、相変化物質と、切断微小管と、ポリマーとから成る。切断微小管は、中空天然繊維を0.1mm〜5cmの長さを有する繊維断片に切断することによって形成される。前記中空天然繊維は、0.1μm〜1000μmの範囲の直径を有する。前記相変化物質は前記切断微小管の中に封入され、前記切断微小管は前記ポリマーによって被覆される。前記微小管は、高空洞率を有するために高エネルギー貯蔵密度を有し、閉鎖構造であるため安定してエネルギーを輸送することができ、非常に細い微小管構造であるため熱を急速に輸送することができ、熱及び化学安定性を考慮すると長期間使用され得る。
【選択図】なし
Description
1)相変化物質を液化する段階であって、
液体相変化物質を得るために、相変化物質を融点より高温に加熱するかまたは溶媒に溶解させる段階と、
2)切断天然微小管に液体相変化物質を充填する段階であって、
毛管吸収を通して微小管に液体相変化物質を充填するために、1)で得られた液体相変化物質中に切断天然微小管を分散及び浸漬させる段階と、
3)相変化物質を被覆する段階であって、
相変化物質のマイクロカプセルを得るために、段階2)において得られた相変化物質が充填された微小管をポリマーで被覆する段階と、を含む方法によって調製され得る。
Claims (8)
- 相変化物質と、切断微小管と、ポリマーとを含む相変化物質のマイクロカプセルであって、
前記切断微小管が、中空天然繊維を0.1mm〜5cmの長さを有する繊維断片に切断することによって形成され、
前記中空天然繊維が0.1〜1000μmの直径を有し、前記相変化物質が前記切断微小管の中に封入され、前記切断微小管が前記ポリマーによって被覆されていることを特徴とする相変化物質のマイクロカプセル。 - 前記天然繊維が、カポック繊維と、トウワタ繊維と、ヘチマ繊維と、竹繊維と、テックス竹繊維と、亜麻繊維と、毛と、ダウンとのうちの少なくとも1つの天然繊維であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の相変化物質のマイクロカプセル。
- 前記ポリマーが、尿素ホルムアルデヒド樹脂と、メラミンホルムアルデヒド樹脂と、メラミン尿素ホルムアルデヒド樹脂と、ポリウレタンと、ポリメチルメタクリレートと、ポリエチルメタクリレートと、フェノール樹脂と、エポキシ樹脂と、ポリアクリロニトリルと、酢酸セルロースとのうちのいずれか1つのポリマーまたはコポリマーもしくはそれらの混合物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の相変化物質のマイクロカプセル。
- 前記相変化物質が、1)固液相変化物質と、2)固固相変化物質とのうちの少なくとも1つであって、
前記固液相変化物質が、a)無機相変化物質と、b)有機相変化物質とのうちの少なくとも1つであり、
前記無機相変化物質が、結晶性水和塩及び/または溶融塩であり、
前記有機相変化物質が、高級脂肪族炭化水素と、高級脂肪酸と、高級脂肪酸エステルと、高級脂肪酸塩と、高級脂肪族アルコールと、芳香族炭化水素と、芳香族ケトンと、芳香族アミドと、フルオロクロロアルカンと、マルチカルボニル炭酸と、結晶性ポリマーとのうちのいずれか1つであり、
前記固固相変化物質が、無機塩、ポリオール、または架橋ポリマー樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の相変化物質のマイクロカプセル。 - 前記結晶性水和塩が、アルカリ金属ハロゲン化物と、アルカリ土類金属ハロゲン化物と、硫酸塩と、りん酸塩と、硝酸塩と、酢酸塩と、炭酸塩と、それらの組み合わせとから選択されたものであり、
前記溶解塩が、K2WO4及び/またはK2MoO4であり、
前記無機塩が、Li2SO4及び/またはKHF2であり、
前記高級脂肪族炭化水素が、n−オクタコサンと、n−ヘプタコサンと、n−ヘキサコサンと、n−ペンタコサンと、n−テトラコサンと、n−トリコサンと、n−ドコサンと、n−ヘニコサンと、n−イコサンと、n−ノナデカンと、n−オクタデカンと、n−ヘプタデカンと、n−ヘキサデカンと、n−ペンタデカンと、n−テトラデカンと、n−トリデカンと、それらの組み合わせとから選択されたものであり、
前記結晶性ポリマーが、0.94g/cm3より高い密度を有する高密度ポリエチレン、ポリビニリデン、または結晶性ポリ塩化ビニルであり、
前記ポリオールが、ペンタエリスリトールと、2,2‐ビスヒドロキシメチルプロパノールと、ネオペンチルグリコールと、2‐アミノ‐2‐メチル‐1,3‐プロパンジオールと、トリメチロールエタンと、トリスヒドロキシメチルアミノメタンとから選択されたものであり、
前記架橋ポリマー樹脂が、架橋ポリオレフィンと、架橋ポリアセタールと、架橋ポリオレフィン及び架橋ポリアセタールのコポリマーと、架橋ポリオレフィン及び架橋ポリアセタールの混合物と、それらの組み合わせとであることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の相変化物質のマイクロカプセル。 - 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の相変化物質のマイクロカプセルの調製方法であって、
1)液体相変化物質を得るために、相変化物質を融点より高温に加熱するかまたは溶媒に溶解させる段階と、
2)毛管吸収を通して極細繊維に液体相変化物質を充填させるために、段階1)において得られた前記液体相変化物質中に切断微小管を分散及び浸漬させる段階と、
3)相変化物質のマイクロカプセルを得るために、段階2)において得られた前記相変化物質で充填された前記切断微小管を前記ポリマーで被覆する段階とを含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 得られた前記相変化物質のマイクロカプセルの表面上に吸着した前記相変化物質を洗い流す段階をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。
- 溶媒が、脱イオン水と、N,N’‐ジメチルホルムアミドと、N,N’‐ジメチルアセトアミドと、テトラヒドロフランと、塩化メチレンと、トリクロロメタンと、シクロヘキサンと、メタノールと、エタノールと、アセトンと、それらの混合物とから選択されたものであることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。
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