JP2012165509A - Inrush current prevention circuit for power supply apparatus - Google Patents
Inrush current prevention circuit for power supply apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【課題】新たに回路部品を追加することなく、単相整流回路への突入電流防止を実現することができる電力供給装置の突入電流防止回路を提供すること。
【解決手段】本発明の電力供給装置の突入電流防止回路は、三相交流を直流に変換する三相整流回路と、三相整流回路の直流出力端に接続された三相側平滑回路と、三相電源と三相整流回路との間に設けられた第一の開閉手段と、第一の開閉手段に接続された２本の電源線の内いずれか１本に並列に接続された突入電流防止回路とを備え、突入電流防止回路は、限流抵抗と第二の開閉手段とを直列接続して構成され、限流抵抗と第二の開閉手段との間と、三相電源の中性線とに接続される単相整流回路と、単相整流回路の直流出力端に接続されたコンデンサからなる単相側平滑回路とを有し、第一の開閉手段と第２の開閉手段とを動作させることで、三相側平滑回路への突入電流を抑制する。
【選択図】図１To provide an inrush current preventing circuit for a power supply device capable of preventing inrush current into a single-phase rectifier circuit without adding new circuit components.
An inrush current prevention circuit for a power supply device according to the present invention includes a three-phase rectifier circuit that converts a three-phase alternating current into a direct current, a three-phase side smoothing circuit connected to a direct current output terminal of the three-phase rectifier circuit, Inrush current connected in parallel to one of the first switching means provided between the three-phase power source and the three-phase rectifier circuit and two power lines connected to the first switching means The inrush current prevention circuit is configured by connecting the current limiting resistor and the second switching means in series, and between the current limiting resistance and the second switching means, and the neutrality of the three-phase power source. A single-phase rectifier circuit connected to the line, and a single-phase side smoothing circuit composed of a capacitor connected to the DC output terminal of the single-phase rectifier circuit, the first switching means and the second switching means By operating, the inrush current to the three-phase side smoothing circuit is suppressed.
[Selection] Figure 1
Description
本発明は、電力供給装置における突入電流防止回路に関し、特に、三相用の３本の電源線と中性線とが接続される三相４線式電源に接続される電力供給装置の突入電流防止回路に係るものである。 The present invention relates to an inrush current prevention circuit in a power supply device, and more particularly, an inrush current of a power supply device connected to a three-phase four-wire power source in which three power wires for three phases and a neutral wire are connected. This relates to a prevention circuit.
従来、三相４線式電源に接続される電力供給装置における突入電流防止回路には、三相の電源線のいずれか１本と中性線、すなわち単相電源系統を、三相側平滑回路の充電経路として利用するものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 Conventionally, an inrush current prevention circuit in a power supply device connected to a three-phase four-wire power supply has any one of three-phase power lines and a neutral line, that is, a single-phase power system, a three-phase side smoothing circuit. Is used as a charging path (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
以下、図面を参照しながら、従来の突入電流防止回路について説明する。 Hereinafter, a conventional inrush current prevention circuit will be described with reference to the drawings.
図２は、従来の突入電流防止回路の構成図である。図２において、三相４線式電源１は、３本の電源線（Ｌ１、Ｌ２、Ｌ３）と中性線（ＬＮ）を出力として有している。 FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a conventional inrush current prevention circuit. In FIG. 2, the three-phase four-wire power source 1 has three power source lines (L1, L2, L3) and a neutral line (LN) as outputs.
また、ダイオード（図示せず）から構成される三相整流回路３の交流入力端の１本はＬ１に接続され、他方の２本は第一の開閉手段２を介してＬ２、Ｌ３にそれぞれ接続される。三相整流回路３の直流出力端には半導体素子（図示せず）から構成される三相側インバータ回路５が接続されるとともに、並列にコンデンサ４ａ、４ｂが直列に接続されて三相側平滑回路を構成している。 Also, one of the AC input terminals of the three-phase rectifier circuit 3 composed of a diode (not shown) is connected to L1, and the other two are connected to L2 and L3 via the first opening / closing means 2, respectively. Is done. A DC output terminal of the three-phase rectifier circuit 3 is connected to a three-phase inverter circuit 5 composed of a semiconductor element (not shown), and capacitors 4a and 4b are connected in series in parallel to smooth the three-phase side. The circuit is configured.
そして、圧縮機モータ６は三相側インバータ回路５の出力に接続され、所望の周波数に変換された交流電力を供給されることで回転駆動する。一方、コンデンサ４ａ、４ｂの接続点とＬＮは、第二の開閉手段および限流抵抗８が直列に接続されている。 The compressor motor 6 is connected to the output of the three-phase inverter circuit 5 and is driven to rotate by being supplied with AC power converted to a desired frequency. On the other hand, the connection point of the capacitors 4a and 4b and LN are connected in series with the second switching means and the current limiting resistor 8.
制御回路９は、Ｌ３およびＬＮからなる単相電源系統より電力供給され、第一の開閉手段２、第二の開閉手段７、三相側インバータ回路５などを駆動する制御回路（図示せず）を有している。 The control circuit 9 is supplied with power from a single-phase power supply system composed of L3 and LN, and drives the first opening / closing means 2, the second opening / closing means 7, the three-phase side inverter circuit 5 and the like (not shown). have.
以上の構成からなる電力供給装置において、第一の開閉手段２および第二の開閉手段７は、電源投入時は開放状態となっており、コンデンサ４ａ、４ｂは充電されない。 In the power supply apparatus having the above configuration, the first opening / closing means 2 and the second opening / closing means 7 are open when the power is turned on, and the capacitors 4a and 4b are not charged.
そしてコンデンサ４ａ、４ｂを充電するために、まず第二の開閉手段７が閉状態となることで、Ｌ１、Ｌ２およびＬ３と、ＬＮ間の電圧（三相４００Ｖ系の場合はおよそ２３０Ｖ）が限流抵抗８を介してコンデンサ４ａ、４ｂに供給される。この時に流れる電流は限流抵抗８により所定の値に制限される。 In order to charge the capacitors 4a and 4b, first, the second opening / closing means 7 is closed, so that the voltage between L1, L2 and L3 and LN (approximately 230V in the case of a three-phase 400V system) is limited. It is supplied to the capacitors 4a and 4b through the flow resistor 8. The current flowing at this time is limited to a predetermined value by the current limiting resistor 8.
その後、コンデンサ４ａ、４ｂが充電され、所定の電圧以上になった後に、第一の開閉手段２が閉状態となり、同時に第二の開閉手段７が開放となる。ここで、第二の開閉手段に印加される電圧は、Ｌ１、Ｌ２、Ｌ３の相間電圧と比較して低い電圧となるため、接点電圧容量の低い素子を用いることが可能になる。 Thereafter, after the capacitors 4a and 4b are charged and become a predetermined voltage or higher, the first opening / closing means 2 is closed, and at the same time, the second opening / closing means 7 is opened. Here, since the voltage applied to the second switching means is lower than the interphase voltages L1, L2, and L3, it is possible to use an element having a low contact voltage capacity.
しかしながら前記従来の構成では、制御回路９と同じ単相電源系統に、コンデンサインプット型の整流・平滑回路を電源供給回路として接続する場合に、個別に突入電流防止の回路を設ける必要がある。 However, in the conventional configuration, when a capacitor input type rectification / smoothing circuit is connected to the same single-phase power supply system as the control circuit 9 as a power supply circuit, it is necessary to provide an inrush current prevention circuit individually.
具体的に図３で説明すると、ダイオード（図示せず）で構成される単相整流回路１０、コンデンサ１１からなる単相側平滑回路が、制御回路９と並列に接続される場合、コンデンサ１１への急激な充電による突入電流の発生を防止するために、単相整流回路１０の交流入力端の一方は、第二の限流抵抗１４を介して電源Ｌ３に接続される。第三の開閉手段１５は、第二の限流抵抗１４による損失を回避するためのものであり、コンデンサ１１が所定の電圧以上になった後は閉動作となる。 Specifically, referring to FIG. 3, when a single-phase side smoothing circuit including a single-phase rectifier circuit 10 and a capacitor 11 constituted by a diode (not shown) is connected in parallel with the control circuit 9, the capacitor 11 is connected. In order to prevent the inrush current from being generated due to the rapid charging, one of the AC input terminals of the single-phase rectifier circuit 10 is connected to the power supply L3 via the second current limiting resistor 14. The third opening / closing means 15 is for avoiding a loss due to the second current limiting resistor 14 and is closed after the capacitor 11 becomes a predetermined voltage or higher.
すなわち、前記従来の構成では、回路を構成する部品点数が増加してしまうという課題を有していた。 That is, the conventional configuration has a problem that the number of parts constituting the circuit increases.
本発明は、前記従来の課題を解決するもので、新たに回路部品を追加することなく、単相整流回路への突入電流防止を実現することができる電力供給装置の突入電流防止回路を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and provides an inrush current prevention circuit for a power supply device that can prevent inrush current into a single-phase rectifier circuit without adding new circuit components. For the purpose.
前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の電力供給装置の突入電流防止回路は、三相４線式で三相交流を供給する三相電源と、三相電源の三相用の３本の電源線が接続されて三相交流を直流に変換する三相整流回路と、三相整流回路の直流出力端に接続されコンデンサからなる三相側平滑回路と、電源の三相用の３本の電源線の内のいずれか２本と三相整流回路との間に設けられた第一の開閉手段と、第一の開閉手段に接続された２本の電源線の内いずれか１本に並列に接続された突入電流防止回路とを備え、突入電流防止回路は、電源側に限流抵抗と、三相整流回路側に第二の開閉手段とを直列接続して構成され、限流抵抗と第二の開閉手段との間と、三相電源の中性線とに接続される単相整流回路と、単相整流回路の直流出力端に接続されたコンデンサからなる単相側平滑回路とを有し、第一の開閉手段と第２の開閉手段とを動作させることで、三相側平滑回路への突入電流を抑制することにより、単相電源にコンデンサからなる平滑回路を接続した場合であっても、新たに回路部品を追加することなく、単相整流回路への突入電流防止を実現すること可能になる。 In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the inrush current prevention circuit of the power supply device of the present invention includes a three-phase power source for supplying a three-phase alternating current with a three-phase four-wire system and three three-phase power sources for three phases. Three-phase rectifier circuit that converts three-phase alternating current to direct current by connecting the power supply line, a three-phase smoothing circuit that is connected to the DC output terminal of the three-phase rectifier circuit, and a capacitor for three phases A first opening / closing means provided between any two of the power supply lines and the three-phase rectifier circuit, and any one of the two power supply lines connected to the first opening / closing means. An inrush current prevention circuit connected in parallel, and the inrush current prevention circuit is configured by connecting in series a current limiting resistor on the power source side and a second switching means on the three-phase rectifier circuit side, A single-phase rectifier circuit connected to the neutral line of the three-phase power supply, and the DC output terminal of the single-phase rectifier circuit A single-phase smoothing circuit including a capacitor, and by operating the first switching means and the second switching means to suppress the inrush current to the three-phase smoothing circuit, Even when a smoothing circuit composed of a capacitor is connected to the power supply, inrush current can be prevented from entering the single-phase rectifier circuit without adding new circuit components.
本発明は、新たに回路部品を追加することなく、単相整流回路への突入電流防止を実現することができる電力供給装置の突入電流防止回路を提供することができる。 The present invention can provide an inrush current preventing circuit for a power supply device that can prevent inrush current into a single-phase rectifier circuit without adding new circuit components.
第１の発明の電力供給装置の突入電流防止回路は、三相４線式で三相交流を供給する三相電源と、三相電源の三相用の３本の電源線が接続されて三相交流を直流に変換する三相整流回路と、三相整流回路の直流出力端に接続されコンデンサからなる三相側平滑回路と、電源の三相用の３本の電源線の内のいずれか２本と三相整流回路との間に設けられた第一の開閉手段と、第一の開閉手段に接続された２本の電源線の内いずれか１本に並列に接続された突入電流防止回路とを備え、突入電流防止回路は、電源側に限流抵抗と、三相整
流回路側に第二の開閉手段とを直列接続して構成され、限流抵抗と第二の開閉手段との間と、三相電源の中性線とに接続される単相整流回路と、単相整流回路の直流出力端に接続されたコンデンサからなる単相側平滑回路とを有し、第一の開閉手段と第２の開閉手段とを動作させることで、三相側平滑回路への突入電流を抑制することにより、単相電源にコンデンサからなる平滑回路を接続した場合であっても、新たに回路部品を追加することなく、単相整流回路への突入電流防止を実現すること可能になる。
The inrush current prevention circuit of the power supply device according to the first aspect of the present invention is a three-phase four-wire system that connects a three-phase power source for supplying three-phase alternating current and three power lines for three-phase power sources. One of a three-phase rectifier circuit that converts phase AC to DC, a three-phase smoothing circuit that is connected to the DC output terminal of the three-phase rectifier circuit, and a three-phase power line for the three-phase power supply Inrush current prevention connected in parallel to either one of the first switching means provided between the two and the three-phase rectifier circuit and the two power lines connected to the first switching means The inrush current prevention circuit is configured by connecting a current limiting resistor on the power source side and a second switching means on the three-phase rectifier circuit side in series, the current limiting resistance and the second switching means Single-phase rectifier circuit connected to the neutral line of the three-phase power supply and a capacitor connected to the DC output terminal of the single-phase rectifier circuit A smoothing circuit comprising a capacitor in a single-phase power source by controlling the inrush current to the three-phase side smoothing circuit by operating the first switching means and the second switching means. Even when connected, it is possible to prevent inrush current into the single-phase rectifier circuit without adding new circuit components.
第２の発明の電力供給装置の突入電流防止回路は、特に第１の発明において、三相側平滑回路の出力端に接続されている三相側インバータ回路で駆動する第１の駆動機構と、単相側平滑回路の出力端に接続されている単相側インバータ回路で駆動する第２の駆動機構とを備え、第１の駆動機構および第２の駆動機構を駆動する場合は、まず第二の開閉手段７を短絡させ、三相側平滑回路のコンデンサに所定の値が充電された後に、第一の開閉手段２を短絡することにより、簡単な回路で三相電源および単相電源で駆動する駆動機構を同時に駆動することができる。 The inrush current prevention circuit of the power supply device of the second invention is the first drive mechanism driven by the three-phase side inverter circuit connected to the output terminal of the three-phase side smoothing circuit, particularly in the first invention, A second driving mechanism that is driven by a single-phase inverter circuit connected to the output terminal of the single-phase smoothing circuit, and when driving the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism, first, The open / close means 7 is short-circuited and the capacitor of the three-phase side smoothing circuit is charged with a predetermined value, and then the first open / close means 2 is short-circuited, so that the circuit is driven by a three-phase power source and a single-phase power source The driving mechanism to be driven can be driven simultaneously.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
（実施の形態１）
図１は、本発明における電力供給装置の構成図である。図１において、３本の電源線（Ｌ１、Ｌ２、Ｌ３）と１本の中性線（ＬＮ）を有する三相４線式交流電源１（以下、三相電源と称する）である。
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a power supply apparatus according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a three-phase four-wire AC power source 1 (hereinafter referred to as a three-phase power source) having three power lines (L1, L2, L3) and one neutral line (LN).
１つの電源線Ｌ１は、ダイオード（図示せず）で構成される三相整流回路３の交流入力端に接続され、２つの電源線Ｌ２およびＬ３は、２極のリレー接点からなる第一の開閉手段２を介して、三相整流回路３の交流入力端に接続される。 One power supply line L1 is connected to an AC input terminal of a three-phase rectifier circuit 3 composed of a diode (not shown), and the two power supply lines L2 and L3 are first open / close circuits composed of two-pole relay contacts. It is connected to the AC input terminal of the three-phase rectifier circuit 3 through the means 2.
また、三相整流回路３の直流出力端には、並列にコンデンサ４からなる三相側平滑回路と、半導体素子（図示せず）から構成される三相側インバータ回路５が接続され、三相側インバータ回路５の出力には第１の駆動機構である圧縮機モータ６が接続される。ここで、三相側インバータ回路５により所望の交流周波数に変換された交流電力が圧縮機モータ６に供給され、所望の回転駆動を行う。 Further, a DC output terminal of the three-phase rectifier circuit 3 is connected to a three-phase side smoothing circuit made up of a capacitor 4 in parallel and a three-phase side inverter circuit 5 made up of a semiconductor element (not shown). A compressor motor 6 as a first drive mechanism is connected to the output of the side inverter circuit 5. Here, AC power converted into a desired AC frequency by the three-phase side inverter circuit 5 is supplied to the compressor motor 6 to perform a desired rotational drive.
一方、第一の開閉手段２と並列に、Ｌ３側に限流抵抗８が、三相整流回路側にリレー接点からなる第二の開閉手段が直列に接続されて突入電流防止回路が構成される。 On the other hand, in parallel with the first switching means 2, a current limiting resistor 8 is connected in series on the L3 side, and a second switching means consisting of a relay contact is connected in series on the three-phase rectifier circuit side to constitute an inrush current prevention circuit. .
また、ダイオード（図示せず）から構成される単相整流回路１０は、一方の交流入力端を三相電源の中性線（ＬＮ）に接続し、他方の交流入力端は限流抵抗８と第二の開閉手段との接続点に接続される。 The single-phase rectifier circuit 10 composed of a diode (not shown) has one AC input terminal connected to the neutral line (LN) of the three-phase power supply, and the other AC input terminal connected to the current limiting resistor 8. Connected to the connection point with the second opening / closing means.
単相整流回路１０の直流出力端には、コンデンサ１１からなる単相側平滑回路と、半導体素子（図示せず）から構成される単相側インバータ回路１２が並列に接続され、単相側インバータ回路１２の出力にはファンモータ１３が接続される。ここで、単相側インバータ回路１２により所望の交流周波数に変換された交流電力が第２の駆動機構であるファンモータ１３に供給され、所望の回転駆動を行う。 A single-phase side smoothing circuit composed of a capacitor 11 and a single-phase side inverter circuit 12 composed of a semiconductor element (not shown) are connected in parallel to the DC output terminal of the single-phase rectifier circuit 10. A fan motor 13 is connected to the output of the circuit 12. Here, AC power converted to a desired AC frequency by the single-phase side inverter circuit 12 is supplied to a fan motor 13 that is a second drive mechanism, and performs a desired rotational drive.
また、制御回路９は、電源線Ｌ３、中性線ＬＮに接続されて電力供給されるとともに、第一の開閉手段２、第二の開閉手段７、三相側インバータ回路５、単相側インバータ回路１２を駆動する駆動信号（図示せず）を生成する。 The control circuit 9 is connected to the power supply line L3 and the neutral line LN and is supplied with power, and the first switching means 2, the second switching means 7, the three-phase inverter circuit 5, and the single-phase inverter A drive signal (not shown) for driving the circuit 12 is generated.
まず、電源投入時は、第一の開閉手段２および第二の開閉手段７は開放状態となっており、電源投入時は、限流抵抗８を介して電源線Ｌ３、中性線ＬＮが単相整流回路１０に接続されるため、単相側平滑回路のコンデンサ１１は、限流抵抗８により所定の値に制限された電流が流れ、充電されることとなる。 First, when the power is turned on, the first opening / closing means 2 and the second opening / closing means 7 are in an open state, and when the power is turned on, the power line L3 and the neutral line LN are simply connected via the current limiting resistor 8. Since the capacitor 11 of the single-phase side smoothing circuit is connected to the phase rectifier circuit 10, a current limited to a predetermined value by the current limiting resistor 8 flows and is charged.
また、この時は圧縮機モータ６および、ファンモータ１３はともに停止状態となっている。 At this time, both the compressor motor 6 and the fan motor 13 are stopped.
次に、圧縮機モータ６およびファンモータ１３を駆動する場合は、まず第二の開閉手段７を短絡させ、限流抵抗８を介して三相電源の電源線Ｌ３を三相整流回路３に接続することで、電源線Ｌ１、電源線Ｌ３によりコンデンサ４を充電する。 Next, when the compressor motor 6 and the fan motor 13 are driven, the second opening / closing means 7 is first short-circuited, and the three-phase power supply line L3 is connected to the three-phase rectifier circuit 3 via the current limiting resistor 8. Thus, the capacitor 4 is charged by the power supply line L1 and the power supply line L3.
この時、コンデンサ４を流れる電流は、限流抵抗８によって所定の値に制限された電流値となる。 At this time, the current flowing through the capacitor 4 becomes a current value limited to a predetermined value by the current limiting resistor 8.
次に、コンデンサ４の電圧が所定の値に充電された後に、第二の開閉手段７を短絡させたまま、第一の開閉手段２を短絡状態とする。これにより三相整流回路３は、三相電源に接続されるとともに、単相整流回路１０は、第一の開閉手段２および、第二の開閉手段７のいずれも短絡状態となっているため、三相電源のＬ３と中性線ＬＮに直接接続された状態と同じ状態になる。 Next, after the voltage of the capacitor 4 is charged to a predetermined value, the first opening / closing means 2 is short-circuited while the second opening / closing means 7 is short-circuited. As a result, the three-phase rectifier circuit 3 is connected to a three-phase power source, and the single-phase rectifier circuit 10 is in a short-circuited state for both the first opening / closing means 2 and the second opening / closing means 7. The state is the same as the state directly connected to the three-phase power supply L3 and the neutral line LN.
以上により、限流抵抗８は電源投入時に単相整流回路１０への突入電流抑制を行い、第一の開閉手段２の動作時に三相整流回路３の突入電流抑制を行うことになるため、三相４線式電源に、三相整流回路と単相整流回路が接続される場合においても、新たな回路部品の追加をせずに突入電流の抑制を実現することが可能になる。 Thus, the current limiting resistor 8 suppresses the inrush current to the single-phase rectifier circuit 10 when the power is turned on, and suppresses the inrush current of the three-phase rectifier circuit 3 when the first switching means 2 is operated. Even when a three-phase rectifier circuit and a single-phase rectifier circuit are connected to a phase four-wire power supply, it is possible to suppress inrush current without adding new circuit components.
なお、限流抵抗８の代わりに、発熱により抵抗値が変化するＰＴＣサーミスタ等の電流抑制手段を用いても同等の効果を得ることができる。また、第一の開閉手段２は、２極のリレー接点からなる開閉装置としたが、２本の線を短絡、開放することができればその他の素子を用いた構成や、１本毎に開閉手段を設ける構成とした場合においても同等の効果を得ることができる。 The same effect can be obtained by using a current suppressing means such as a PTC thermistor whose resistance value changes due to heat generation instead of the current limiting resistor 8. The first opening / closing means 2 is an opening / closing device comprising a two-pole relay contact. However, if the two wires can be short-circuited and opened, a configuration using other elements, or an opening / closing means for each one. The same effect can be obtained even when the structure is provided.
以上のように、本発明にかかる電力供給装置は、三相４線式電源において、三相整流回路と単相整流回路が混在する場合においても、簡単な構成で、突入電流防止回路を提供することが可能になる。 As described above, the power supply device according to the present invention provides an inrush current prevention circuit with a simple configuration even when a three-phase four-wire power supply includes a three-phase rectifier circuit and a single-phase rectifier circuit. It becomes possible.
１ 三相電源
２ 第一の開閉手段
３ 三相整流回路
４ コンデンサ
７ 第二の開閉手段
８ 限流抵抗
９ 制御回路
１０ 単相整流回路
１１ コンデンサ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Three-phase power supply 2 First switch means 3 Three-phase rectifier circuit 4 Capacitor 7 Second switch means 8 Current limiting resistor 9 Control circuit 10 Single-phase rectifier circuit 11 Capacitor
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| JP2011022367A JP2012165509A (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2011-02-04 | Inrush current prevention circuit for power supply apparatus |
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| JP2011022367A JP2012165509A (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2011-02-04 | Inrush current prevention circuit for power supply apparatus |
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