JP2013123764A - Machine tool and workpiece machining method of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool capable of removing a chip immediately before the next working workpiece is set without impairing productivity and an operational environment, and to provide a workpiece machining method of the machine tool.SOLUTION: The machine tool includes a supporting mechanism 17 supporting a workpiece W in a lift-up position B set higher than a reference surface 6a and in a machining position A abutting on the reference surface 6a and a cleaning mechanism 18 jetting a cleaning fluid of a coolant, high pressure air or the like toward the reference surface 6a when the workpiece W is in the lift-up position B.

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool that clamps a workpiece on a reference surface of a reference member and performs processing while being supported at the height of the reference surface, and a workpiece machining method for the machine tool.

  In machine tools, the table is cleaned with coolant or the like after the end of processing from the viewpoint of preventing damage to the workpiece and deterioration of processing accuracy due to chips generated by processing the workpiece. For example, in Patent Document 1, when the processed workpiece and the next workpiece are exchanged after the processing is finished, chips and the like attached to the table are removed by injecting coolant or high-pressure air.

JP 2009-90388 A

  By the way, when the table is cleaned at the time of workpiece replacement as in the above-mentioned conventional device, chips may adhere after the cleaning until the next workpiece is set on the table. There is a risk of worsening.

  In order to eliminate such adhesion of chips, the operator opens the door that opens and closes the work opening of the cover provided to surround the machining area of the machine tool, and the operator sprays the coolant immediately before setting the next workpiece. Thus, it is preferable to clean the table. However, if it does in this way, it will be necessary to wash manually every time a workpiece | work is replaced | exchanged, and the problem that productivity deteriorates arises. In addition, there is a possibility that coolant, chips, etc. bounced during cleaning may scatter outside the machine from the work opening, resulting in a problem that the work environment deteriorates.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and by removing chips immediately before setting the next workpiece to the machining position without causing problems of deterioration in productivity and work environment, the workpiece is It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool that can surely prevent scratches and deterioration of machining accuracy and a workpiece machining method for the machine tool.

  The invention according to claim 1 includes a reference member having a reference surface on which the workpiece is placed, a clamp mechanism for clamping the workpiece placed on the reference surface against the reference surface, and the reference member placed on the reference surface. A machine tool including a support mechanism that supports a placed workpiece at a position different from the clamp, wherein the support mechanism includes a lift-up position in which the work is set higher than the reference plane, and the work And a cleaning mechanism that ejects a cleaning fluid toward the reference surface when the workpiece is supported at a lift-up position. It is said.

  The invention of claim 2 is a workpiece machining method for a machine tool in which a workpiece is clamped on a reference surface by a clamping mechanism and the workpiece is machined in a state where a portion different from the clamping portion of the workpiece is supported by a support mechanism. The support mechanism supports the workpiece at a lift-up position set higher than the reference surface, and in this state, the cleaning fluid is jetted and supplied to the reference surface, and then the workpiece is supported by the support mechanism. The workpiece is processed in a state where the workpiece is brought into contact with the reference surface, the workpiece is clamped to the reference surface by the clamping mechanism, and a portion different from the clamping portion of the workpiece is supported by the support mechanism.

  According to the first and second aspects of the invention, the cleaning fluid is jetted onto the reference surface in a state where the workpiece is supported at a lift-up position set higher than the reference surface, and then clamped to the reference surface. As a result, the reference surface can be cleaned and chips and the like can be removed immediately before the workpiece is placed and clamped on the reference surface, thereby preventing damage to the workpiece and deterioration of processing accuracy.

  This eliminates the need for manual cleaning work and prevents productivity from deteriorating. In addition, since the cleaning can be performed with the door that opens and closes the work opening being closed, it is possible to prevent the working environment from being deteriorated due to the scattering of coolant or the like outside the machine.

It is a top view of the workpiece clamp apparatus of the machine tool by Example 1 of this invention. It is a side view of the said work clamp apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the state before the clamp of the said work clamp apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the clamp state of the said work clamp apparatus.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 4 are views for explaining a machine tool and a workpiece machining method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a work clamping device provided in the machining center 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the machining center 2 mainly moves a spindle 2a on which a tool T is mounted and a table mounted on a bed (not shown) by moving them relative to each other in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions. W is configured to perform predetermined plane processing, groove processing, drilling processing, and the like.

  Although not shown, the machining center 2 is provided with a cover disposed so as to surround at least the processing region, and a working opening is formed on the machine front side of the cover, and the working opening is a door. It is opened and closed by.

  The workpiece clamping device 1 includes a rectangular jig 5 positioned and fixed on the table, three reference members 6 arranged and fixed on the jig 5 on which the workpiece W is placed, and the workpiece W Is provided with three clamping mechanisms 7 for clamping in a state of being placed on the reference member 6.

  The jig 5 is provided with two positioning pins 8 and 8 for positioning the workpiece W. Each of the positioning pins 8 and 8 is arranged so as to be positioned substantially on a diagonal line of the workpiece W, and is inserted into a positioning hole (not shown) formed in the workpiece W so that the X-axis direction of the workpiece W and The movement in the Y-axis direction is restricted.

  The three reference members 6 are disposed so as to be positioned at the apex of the triangle T1 and are disposed so as to face the outer edge of the lower surface of the workpiece W.

  On the upper surface of each reference member 6, a flat reference surface 6 a that contacts the lower surface of the workpiece W is formed so as to be positioned on a common horizontal plane. It comes to support.

  Each clamp mechanism 7 supports a clamp arm 12 on a support member 10 fixed on the jig 5 via a swing pin 11 so that the clamp arm 12 can swing, and an outer end portion 12a of the clamp arm 12 is hydraulically supported. It has a structure in which a drive rod 13 that is driven up and down is connected. Each of the support members 10 has a hydraulic chamber (not shown), and the hydraulic chamber is connected to a hydraulic supply source 14 via a hydraulic passage 10 a provided in the jig 5.

  With the drive rod 13, the clamp arm 12 causes the unclamping position a for releasing the clamping of the workpiece W, the half clamping position b for pressing the workpiece W to a lift-up position B described later, and the workpiece W against the machining position A. It is driven to swing between the full clamp position c (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

  Each clamp mechanism 7 is disposed such that the inner end 12b of the clamp arm 12 faces the reference surface 6a of the reference member 6 with the workpiece W interposed therebetween. The work W is fixed to the reference surface 6a of the reference member 6 by pressing the work W with the inner end 12b.

  The workpiece clamping device 1 according to the present embodiment supports the workpiece W at the lift-up position B set slightly higher than the reference surface 6a of the reference member 6 and the machining position A that contacts the reference surface 6a. Three sets of support mechanisms 17, so-called natural clamp mechanisms, and three sets of cleaning mechanisms that supply coolant or high-pressure air (cleaning fluid) toward the reference surface 6 a when the workpiece W is in the lift-up position B 18.

  Each of the cleaning mechanisms 18 includes a cleaning nozzle 18a disposed to face the reference surface 6a of each reference member 6, and a coolant supply unit 25 that supplies coolant to the cleaning nozzle 18a. The coolant supply unit 25 is connected to each cleaning nozzle 18 a through a cleaning passage 18 b provided in the jig 5.

  The three sets of support mechanisms 17 are located at the apex of the triangle T2 and are arranged so as to face the outer edge of the lower surface of the workpiece W between the reference members 6 and 6.

  Each support mechanism 17 includes a cylinder body 20 in which a hydraulic chamber 20a is formed, a plunger 21 disposed in the cylinder body 20 so as to be vertically movable, and urges the plunger 21 upward in the cylinder body 20. The plunger spring 22 is arranged in this manner, and the collet 23 is attached to the plunger 21.

  The hydraulic chamber 20 a of each cylinder body 20 is connected to the hydraulic supply source 14 through a hydraulic supply passage 20 c provided in the jig 5. When hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic chamber 20a, the collet 23 grips the plunger 21 so as not to be lifted and lowered by the hydraulic pressure.

  The plunger 21 has a structure in which a head portion 21b is fixed to a cylindrical body 21a slidably mounted on a column portion 20b erected on the bottom wall of the cylinder body 20, and the head portion 21b and the column portion 20b are fixed. The plunger spring 22 is disposed between the two.

  The plunger spring 22 raises the plunger 21 to the lift-up position B when the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic chamber 20a of the cylinder body 20 is released, and the weight of the workpiece W acts on the head 21b of the plunger 21 due to this weight. The spring force is set so light that 21 is lowered.

  The workpiece clamping device 1 supports the workpiece W at the lift-up position B set higher than the reference surface 6a of the reference member 6, and in this state, injects coolant onto each reference surface 6a, It is configured to be placed on each reference surface 6a and operates in detail as follows.

  When the workpiece machining is completed, the hydraulic pressure of the support mechanism 17 is released, and at the same time, the clamp arm 12 of the clamp mechanism 7 rotates from the clamp position c to the unclamp position a. Thereby, the clamp of the processed workpiece is released.

  When the processed workpiece is unloaded from the jig 5, the plunger 21 is automatically raised to the lift-up position B by the plunger spring 22. Next, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic chamber 20 a, and the plunger 21 is fixed at the lift-up position B by the collet 23.

  The next workpiece is loaded and placed on the plunger 21, and the clamp arm 12 rotates from the unclamping position a to the half clamping position b to press the workpiece W, so that the workpiece W is brought to the lift-up position B. Is held (see FIG. 3). As a result, a gap of about several millimeters is formed between the workpiece W and the reference surface 6a.

  Next, coolant is sprayed from each cleaning nozzle 18a toward the reference surface 6a for a predetermined time (see the arrow in FIG. 3). The chips adhering to the reference surface 6a are washed away by the injected coolant.

  When the supply of the coolant is completed, the hydraulic pressure of the support mechanism 17 is released, the plunger 21 is lowered by the weight of the workpiece W, and the lower surface of the workpiece W comes into contact with each reference surface 6a.

  Next, the clamp arm 12 rotates from the half clamp position b to the full clamp position c, and the workpiece W is clamped to the machining position A. In this state, hydraulic pressure is supplied again to the support mechanism 17, and the plunger 21 is fixed at the processing position A. Thus, the workpiece W is supported at six points by each reference member 6 and the support mechanism 17.

  In the above-described state, the workpiece is subjected to predetermined plane machining, grooving, drilling, and the like. During workpiece machining, since the plunger 21 is fixed at the machining position A by the hydraulic pressure supplied to the support mechanism 17, the workpiece W is chattered or deformed by the pressing load of the tool T during workpiece machining (two-dot chain line in FIG. 4). Reference) is prevented.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the lift mechanism B that is set higher than the reference surface 6a of each reference member 6 and the support mechanism 17 that supports the workpiece W at the processing position A that contacts the reference surface 6a. And the cleaning mechanism 18 that sprays the coolant toward the reference surface 6a when the workpiece W is at the lift-up position B, so that the reference surface 6a is It can wash | clean and can remove a chip | tip reliably. As a result, it is possible to prevent the workpiece from being damaged and the processing accuracy from being deteriorated.

  For example, in a control valve of an automatic transmission, planar processing for forming a mating surface and grooving for forming a hydraulic circuit are performed. In this case, if the mating surface or the hydraulic circuit is damaged by chips or the processing accuracy deteriorates, the accuracy required for assembly cannot be obtained. The present embodiment is suitable for workpiece machining that requires such high accuracy.

  This eliminates the need for manual cleaning work and prevents productivity from deteriorating. In addition, since the cleaning can be performed with the door that opens and closes the work opening being closed, it is possible to prevent the working environment from being deteriorated due to the scattering of coolant or the like outside the machine.

  When the workpiece W is supported by only three points of the reference member 6, chatter and deformation are likely to occur due to the load from the tool T at the portion between the reference members 6 and 6 of the workpiece W and the overhang portion (see the two-dot chain line in FIG. 4). ). Therefore, during the workpiece machining, the plunger 21 of the support mechanism 17 is fixed at the machining position A to prevent chattering and deformation of the workpiece W due to the pressing load of the tool T during the workpiece machining described above, and the machining accuracy is improved.

  In this embodiment, the stroke of the plunger 21 of the support mechanism 17 provided for improving the processing accuracy is extended to a stroke that can support the workpiece W at the lift-up position B, with almost no increase in cost. It is possible to realize the cleaning of the reference surface 6a with the coolant just before placing the workpiece W on the reference surface 6a.

  In addition, since the structure in which the plunger 21 is fixed at the lift-up position B by applying hydraulic pressure to the collet 23 is adopted, the workpiece W can be reliably supported at the lift-up position B as compared with a conventional spring. In addition, the apparatus can be miniaturized because the space for arranging the conventional spring is not required.

1 Work clamping device 2 Machining center (machine tool)
6 Reference member 6a Reference surface 7 Clamp mechanism 17 Support mechanism 18 Cleaning mechanism A Processing position B Lift-up position W Workpiece

Claims (2)

A reference member having a reference surface on which the workpiece is placed, a clamping mechanism for clamping the workpiece placed on the reference surface against the reference surface, and a clamping portion of the workpiece placed on the reference surface A machine tool equipped with a support mechanism for supporting different parts,
The support mechanism is configured to be able to support the workpiece at a lift-up position set higher than the reference surface and a processing position where the workpiece contacts the reference surface,
A machine tool comprising a cleaning mechanism that ejects a cleaning fluid toward the reference surface when the workpiece is supported at a lift-up position. A workpiece machining method for a machine tool, in which a workpiece is clamped on a reference surface by a clamping mechanism and the workpiece is machined in a state in which a portion different from the clamping portion of the workpiece is supported by a support mechanism,
The workpiece is supported by the support mechanism at a lift-up position set higher than the reference surface, and in this state, the cleaning fluid is jetted and supplied to the reference surface.
Thereafter, the workpiece is brought into contact with the reference surface by the support mechanism, the workpiece is clamped to the reference surface by the clamp mechanism, and the workpiece is supported by a portion different from the clamp portion of the workpiece by the support mechanism. A method for machining a workpiece of a machine tool, characterized by machining a workpiece.

Images