JP2013257595A - エレクトロウェッティングディスプレイ - Google Patents
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- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/004—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
- G02B26/005—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid based on electrowetting
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- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
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- G09F9/372—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being movable elements the positions of the elements being controlled by the application of an electric field
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
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- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
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- G09G2300/0452—Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
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Abstract
【解決手段】エレクトロウェッティングディスプレイの性能は、(a)隠蔽材(112)を備え、移動流体(108)が小領域に閉じ込められているときに、移動流体(108)を隠蔽すること、(b)移動流体を用い、異なった色で着色されたセクションを有するフィルターまたは反射板の1以上のセクションを覆うこと、(c)マイクロセルの後ろ表面と側面表面の間で、移動流体を動かすこと、(d)流体による濡れ耐性があるが、流体によって濡れた材料で蓋された多数の導電性ビアを貫通させた基板を、移動流体の基板として、用いること、および、(e)色素またはナノパーティクルで移動流体を着色すること、によって、向上させることができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
γ=γ0−0.5cV2
で、表されることも、古くから知られている。ここで、電荷層が対称的なヘルムホルツキャパシタのモデルであると仮定した場合、γ0は電荷がゼロ(固体表面に電荷がない場合)で、cは単位面積あたりの静電容量である。さらに、いわゆる電気浸透圧ディスプレイや電気毛管ディスプレイも、開発されてきた。こうした種類のディスプレイの全ては、電界存在下における液体の濡れ特性の変化を利用している。例えば、Sheridon N.K.の「Electrocapillary Imaging Devices for Display and Data Storage」、Xerox Disclosure Journal、1979、4、385−386や、米国特許第5,956,005号、米国特許第5,808,593号、米国特許第5,757,345号、米国特許第5,731,792号、米国特許第5,659,330号、米国特許第4,569,575号、米国特許第6,603,444号、米国特許第6,449,081号、を参照。この原理を用いた様々なディスプレイが、Duke大学のRichard B. Fairと、その共同研究者によっても、開発されてきた。例えば、http://www.ee.duke.edu/Research/microfluidicsを参照。
基板と、
少なくとも光の1波長を吸収し、該基板に隣接して配置された第一の流体と、
該第一の流体と混和しない光透過性第二の流体と、
該第一の流体に電界を印加する少なくとも1つの電極と、
該基板から間隔を空けて、実質的に不透明な材料から形成された隠蔽材と
を備え、
電界のない場合、該第一の流体は該基板の第一の領域を覆い、該少なくとも1つの電極によって該第一の流体に電界がかけられると、該第一の流体は、該第一の領域からより小さな第二の領域に移動し、実質上、該隠蔽材と該基板の間に閉じ込められ、その結果、該隠蔽材の該基板に対する反対側から該ディスプレイを見ている観察者から、該隠蔽材は、該第一の流体を隠蔽する、ディスプレイを提供する。
お互いに異なる第一の光学的特性および第二の光学的特性を有する第一の部分と第二の部分とを少なくとも有する基板と、
該第一の光学的特性および該第二の光学的特性のうちの少なくとも1つとは異なる第三の光学的特性を有し、少なくとも光の1波長を吸収する第一の流体と、
該第一の流体と混和しない光透過性の第二の流体と、
該第一の部分に隣接した第一の電極と、該第二の部分に隣接した第二の電極と
を備える、ディスプレイであって、
該第一の電極と該第二の電極への印加電圧を制御することで、該第一の流体が該基板の該第二の部分を実質的に覆い、該第一の部分を覆わないようにする第一の位置、および、該第一の流体が該基板の該第一の部分を実質的に覆い、該第二の部分を覆わないままにする第二の位置とを、該第一の流体が占めれるようにされる、ディスプレイを提供する。
観察者がディスプレイを見る場合に介する第一の基板と、
該第一の基板と間隔を空けた第二の基板と、
ここで、該第一の基板と該第二の基板との間に延びる少なくとも1つの側壁と、該第一の基板と該第二の基板、および、該側壁が合わさって、第一の基板表面、第二の基板表面、および、少なくとも1つの側壁表面を有するチャンバーを規定し、
該チャンバー内に配置され、少なくとも光の1波長を吸収する第一の流体と、該第一の流体と混和しない、該チャンバーに配置された光透過性の第二の流体と、
該チャンバーの該第二の基板表面に隣接して配置された第一の電極と
該チャンバーの側壁表面に隣接して配置された第二の電極と、
該チャンバー内に延び、該第二の流体と電気的接触を有する第三の電極と
を備え、
該第一の電極、該第二の電極および該第三の電極への印加電圧を制御することで、該第一の流体は、該第一の流体が該チャンバーの該第二の基板表面に隣接して横たわる第一の位置と、該第一の流体が該チャンバーの1つの側壁表面に隣接して横たわる第二の位置とを占めるようにされているディスプレイを提供する。
流体と、
該流体による濡れに耐性のある露出表面を有する基板と、
該基板にを介して延び、該基板の露出表面に隣接して終端する少なくとも3つの導電性ビアと、
該露出表面の該導電性ビアの終端を覆うキャップ部であって、該流体によって濡れる材料から形成される該キャップ部と
を備えたディスプレイを提供する。
基板と、
少なくとも光の1波長を吸収し、該基板に隣接して配置された第一の流体と、
該第一の流体と混和しない光透過性の第二の流体と、
該第一の流体に電界を印加する少なくとも1つの電極と
を備える、ディスプレイであって、
電界のない場合、該第一の流体は基板の第一の領域を覆っているが、該少なくとも1つの電極から該第一の流体に電界がかけられると、該第一の流体は、該第一の領域より狭い第二の領域に移動し、ここで、該第一の流体は、色素パーティクルまたはナノパーティクルで着色されている、ディスプレイを提供する。
間隔を空けた、第一の電極および光透過性のある第二の電極と、
該第一の電極および該第二の電極との間に閉じ込められた第一の流体および第二の流体であって、互いに混和しない該第一の流体および該第二の流体と
を備える、ディスプレイであって、
該第一の流体および該第二の流体が、光透過性でなく、異なる色であり、
ディスプレイは、該第一の流体が該第一の電極に隣接して横たわることで、該第二の流体の色が、該第二の電極を通し、ディスプレイを見ている観察者に見えるような第一の安定状態と、該第一の流体が該第二の電極に隣接して横たわることで、該第一の流体の色が、該観察者に見えるような第二の安定状態とを有する、ディスプレイを提供する。
(項目1)
基板(102)と、
少なくとも光の1波長を吸収し、該基板(102)に隣接して配置された第一の流体(108)と、
該第一の流体(108)と混和しない光透過性の第二の流体(110)と、
該第一の流体(108)に電界を印加する少なくとも1つの電極(104)と
を備え、
電界のない場合、該第一の流体(108)は該基板(102)の第一の領域を覆い、該少なくとも1つの電極(104)によって該第一の流体(108)に電 界がかけられる
と、該第一の流体(102)は、該第一の領域からより小さな第二の領域に移動する、ディスプレイであって、
該ディスプレイは、
該基板(102)から間隔を空けて、実質的に不透明な材料から形成された隠蔽材(112)を備え、
該第一の流体(108)に電界をかけると、該第一の流体(108’)は、実質上、該隠蔽材(112)と該基板(102)との間に閉じ込められ、その結 果、該隠蔽材(1
12)の該基板(102)に対して反対側から該ディスプレイを見ている観察者から、該隠蔽材(112)は、該第一の流体(108’)を隠蔽することを特徴とする、ディスプレイ。
(項目2)
上記基板(102)は、上記第一の流体(108)に隣接した誘電体表面(106)を備える、項目1に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目3)
上記基板(102)は、着色層または反射層を備える、項目1に記載のディスプレイ
(項目4)
上記基板(102)は、実質的に平坦な表面を有し、上記隠蔽材(102)は、上記基板(102)の該実質的に平坦な表面と、実質的に平行に拡がり、間隔を空けている実質的に平坦なセクションを含む、項目1に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目5)
基板と、
少なくとも光の1波長を吸収し、該基板に隣接して配置された第一の流体と、
該第一の流体と混和しない光透過性の第二の流体と、
該第一の流体に電圧を印加する少なくとも1つの電極と
を備える、ディスプレイであって、
該基板は、お互いに異なる第一の光学的特性および第二の光学的特性を有する第一の部分(R;602)と第二の部分(G;604)とを少なくとも有し、
該第一の流体は、該第一の光学的特性および該第二の光学的特性のうちの少なくとも1つとは異なる第三の光学的特性を有し、
該ディスプレイは、該第一の部分(R;602)に隣接した第一の電極と、該第二の部分(G;604)に隣接した第二の電極とを備え、
該第一の電極と該第二の電極への印加電圧を制御することで、該第一の流体が該基板の該第二の部分(G;604)を実質的に覆い、該第一の部分 (R;602)を覆わないままにする第一の位置、および、該第一の流体が該基板の該第一の部分(R;602)を実質的に覆い、該第二の部分(G;604)を覆わないままにする第二の位置を占めれるようにされていることを特徴とする、ディスプレイ。
(項目6)
上記第一の流体は、上記基板の第一の部分と第二の部分(G、R)の双方を覆う第三の位置を占めれるようにされている、項目5に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目7)
上記基板は、上記第一の光学的特性、上記第二の光学的特性および上記第三の光学的特性とは異なる光学的特性を有する第三の部分(B)を有し、
上記ディスプレイは、上記基板の該第三の部分(B)に隣接した第三の電極をさらに備え、
上記第一の電極、上記第二の電極および該第三の電極への印加電圧を制御することで、上記第一の流体は第三の位置を占めるようにされ、該第一の流体は、実 質的に上記基板
の上記第一の部分および上記第二の部分(R、G)の少なくとも1つを覆い、該第三の部分(B)を覆わないままにする、項目5に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目8)
上記基板は、上記第一の光学的特性、上記第二の光学的特性および上記第三の光学的特性とは異なり、かつ、上記基板の上記第三の部分(B)とも異なる光学的特性を有する第四の位置(K)を有し、
上記ディスプレイは、上記基板の該第四の部分(K)に隣接した第四の電極をさらに備え、
上記第一の電極、上記第二の電極、上記第三の電極および該第四の電極への印加電圧を制御することで、上記第一の流体は第四の位置を占めれるようにされ、 該第一の流体は
、実質的に上記基板の上記第一の部分、上記第二の部分および上記第三の部分(R、G、B)の少なくとも1つを覆い、該第四の部分(K)を覆わないままにする、項目7に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目9)
上記基板の上記第一の部分および上記第二の部分(R、G)は、実質的に正三角形の形状を有する、項目5に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目10)
上記基板の上記第一の部分および上記第二の部分(602、604)は、実質的に円の形状を有し、該実質的に円状の第一の部分および第二の部分(602、 604)は、各
実質的に円状の部分(602、604)の直径よりも小さい幅を有する首部分(606)で接続されている、項目5に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目11)
電極(612)が、上記首部分(606)上に配置されているか、あるいは、隣接されている、項目10に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目12)
観察者がディスプレイを見る場合に介する第一の基板(508)と、
該第一の基板(508)と間隔を空けた第二の基板(502)と、
ここで、該第一の基板と該第二の基板(502、508)との間に延びる少なくとも1つの側壁(504、506)と、該第一の基板と該第二の基板(502、 508)、およ
び、該側壁(504、506)が合わさって、第一の基板表面、第二の基板表面、および、少なくとも1つの側壁表面を有するチャンバーを規定し、
該チャンバー内に配置された第一の流体(522)と、
該第一の流体(522)と混和しない、該チャンバーに配置された光透過性の第二の流体(110)と、
該チャンバーの該第二の基板表面に隣接して配置された第一の電極(510)と
を備えた、ディスプレイであって、
該第一の流体(522)は、少なくとも光の1波長を吸収し、
第二の電極(514)が、該チャンバーの側壁表面に隣接して配置され、
第三の電極(520)が、該チャンバー内に延び、該第二の流体(110)と電気的接触を有し、
該第一の電極、該第二の電極および該第三の電極(510、514、520)への印加電圧を制御することで、該第一の流体(522)は、該第一の流体 (522)が該チャ
ンバーの該第二の基板表面に隣接して横たわる第一の位置と、該第一の流体(522)が該チャンバーの1つの側壁表面に隣接して横たわる第二の位置とを占めるようにされていることを特徴とする、ディスプレイ。
(項目13)
上記第二の基板(502)は、上記第一の流体(522)に隣接した誘電体層(512)を備える、項目12に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目14)
上記第二の基板(502)は、着色層または反射層を備える、項目12に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目15)
上記第二の基板表面と上記チャンバーの側壁表面との間の接合部に隣接した絶縁体ブロック(518)を、さらに備え、
上記第三の電極(520)が該絶縁体ブロック(518)を通り抜ける、項目12に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目16)
流体(708)と、
該流体(708)による濡れに耐性のある露出表面を有する基板(702)と、
該基板(702)を介して延び、該基板の露出表面に隣接して終端する少なくとも3つの導電性ビア(704)と、
該露出表面の該導電性ビア(704)の終端を覆うキャップ部(706)であって、該キャップ部(706)は、該流体(708)によって濡れる材料から形成されている、キャップ部と
を特徴とする、ディスプレイ。
(項目17)
基板と、
少なくとも光の1波長を吸収し、該基板に隣接して配置された第一の流体と、
該第一の流体と混和しない光透過性の第二の流体と、
該第一の流体に電界を印加する少なくとも1つの電極と
を備え、
電界のない場合、該第一の流体は該基板の第一の領域を覆っているが、該少なくとも1つの電極によって該第一の流体に電界がかけられると、該第一の流体は、該第一の領域から、より小さな第二の領域に移動する、ディスプレイであって、
該第一の流体が、色素パーティクルまたはナノパーティクルで着色されていることを特徴とする、ディスプレイ。
(項目18)
間隔を空けた、第一の電極(104)および光透過性のある第二の電極(116)と、
該第一の電極および該第二の電極(104、116)との間に閉じ込められた第一の流体(108)および第二の流体(110’)であって、互いに混和しない該第一の流体(108)および該第二の流体(110’)と
を備えた、ディスプレイであって、
該第一の流体および該第二の流体(108、110’)が、光透過性でなく、異なる色であり、
該ディスプレイは、該第一の流体(108)が該第一の電極(104)に隣接して横たわることで、該第二の流体(110’)の色が、該第二の電極 (116)を通し、該デ
ィスプレイを見ている観察者に見えるような第一の安定状態と、該第一の流体(108)が該第二の電極(116)に隣接して横たわることで、該第一の流体(108)の色が、該観察者に見えるような第二の安定状態とを有することを特徴とする、ディスプレイ。
(項目19)
上記第一の電極(104)と上記第一の流体(108)との間に配置された第一の誘電体層(106)、および、上記第二の電極(116)と上記第二の流体(110’)との間に配置された第二の誘電層(114)をさらに備える、項目18に記載のディスプレイ。
緑の油/小さな緑の電極/大きなマゼンタの電極;および、
青い油/小さな青い電極/大きな黄色い電極。
本ディスプレイは、その機能性流体として、水性(典型的には着色された)媒体を使う。図7のディスプレイは、疎水性誘電体材料から形成された基板を備える。この目的のためには、例えば、ポリ(ビニリデン、フルオライド)といった極性ポリマー(polar polymer)中に、チタン酸バリウムといったセラミックhigh K(高誘電率)誘電体の入った懸濁液のように、非常にhigh Kの誘電体が好ましい。以下に記される理由から、基板702全体が絶縁性であれば、基板702の上方の露出表面(図7に示すように)の性質のみが、ディスプレイの作動に影響を与える。こうして、基板702は、例えば、ポリエチレンやポリ(エチレンテレフタレート)のようなlow K材ベースの上に、high Kの疎水性誘電性露出表面層を備えうる。
Claims (8)
- 観察者がディスプレイを見る場合に介する第一の基板と、
該第一の基板と間隔を空けた第二の基板と、
該第一の基板と該第二の基板との間に延びる少なくとも1つの側壁であって、該第一の基板と該第二の基板、および、該側壁が合わさって、第一の基板表面、第二の基板表面、および、少なくとも1つの側壁表面を有するチャンバーを規定する、少なくとも1つの側壁と、
該チャンバー内に配置された第一の流体と、
該第一の流体と混和しない、該チャンバーに配置された光透過性の第二の流体と、
該チャンバーの該第二の基板表面に隣接して配置された第一の電極と
を備えた、ディスプレイであって、
該第一の流体は、少なくとも光の1波長を吸収し、
第二の電極が、該チャンバーの側壁表面に隣接して配置され、
第三の電極が、該チャンバー内に延び、該第二の流体と電気的接触を有し、
該第一の電極、該第二の電極および該第三の電極への印加電圧を制御することで、該第一の流体は、該第一の流体が該チャンバーの該第二の基板表面に隣接して横たわる第一の位置と、該第一の流体が該チャンバーの1つの側壁表面に隣接して横たわる第二の位置とを占めるようにされていることを特徴とする、ディスプレイ。 - 前記第二の基板は、前記第一の流体に隣接した誘電体層を備える、請求項1に記載のディスプレイ。
- 前記第二の基板は、着色層または反射層を備える、請求項1に記載のディスプレイ。
- 前記第二の基板表面と前記チャンバーの側壁表面との間の接合部に隣接した絶縁体ブロックを、さらに備え、
前記第三の電極が該絶縁体ブロックを通り抜ける、請求項1に記載のディスプレイ。 - 流体と、
該流体による濡れに耐性のある露出表面を有する基板と、
該基板を介して延び、該基板の露出表面に隣接して終端する少なくとも3つの導電性ビアと、
該露出表面に隣接する該導電性ビアの終端を覆うキャップ部であって、該キャップ部は、該流体によって濡れる材料から形成されている、キャップ部と
を特徴とする、ディスプレイ。 - 基板と、
少なくとも光の1波長を吸収し、該基板に隣接して配置された第一の流体と、
該第一の流体と混和しない光透過性の第二の流体と、
該第一の流体に電界を印加する少なくとも1つの電極と
を備え、
電界のない場合、該第一の流体は該基板の第一の領域を覆っているが、該少なくとも1つの電極によって該第一の流体に電界がかけられると、該第一の流体は、該第一の領域から、より小さな第二の領域に移動する、ディスプレイであって、
該第一の流体が、色素パーティクルまたはナノパーティクルで着色されていることを特徴とする、ディスプレイ。 - 間隔を空けた、第一の電極および光透過性のある第二の電極と、
該第一の電極および該第二の電極との間に閉じ込められた第一の流体および第二の流体であって、互いに混和しない該第一の流体および該第二の流体と
を備えた、ディスプレイであって、
該第一の流体および該第二の流体が、光透過性でなく、異なる色であり、
該ディスプレイは、該第一の流体が該第一の電極に隣接して横たわることで、該第二の流体の色が、該第二の電極を通し、該ディスプレイを見ている観察者に見えるような第一の安定状態と、該第一の流体が該第二の電極に隣接して横たわることで、該第一の流体の色が、該観察者に見えるような第二の安定状態とを有することを特徴とする、ディスプレイ。 - 前記第一の電極と前記第一の流体との間に配置された第一の誘電体層、および、前記第二の電極と前記第二の流体との間に配置された第二の誘電層をさらに備える、請求項7に記載のディスプレイ。
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1864191A (zh) | 2006-11-15 |
| JP5719415B2 (ja) | 2015-05-20 |
| JP6097735B2 (ja) | 2017-03-15 |
| EP1967888A2 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
| DE602004016017D1 (de) | 2008-10-02 |
| JP2016122220A (ja) | 2016-07-07 |
| JP5426522B2 (ja) | 2014-02-26 |
| CN101930118B (zh) | 2013-05-29 |
| CN101930119A (zh) | 2010-12-29 |
| HK1120114A1 (en) | 2009-03-20 |
| CN101256278A (zh) | 2008-09-03 |
| JP2011065182A (ja) | 2011-03-31 |
| HK1152384A1 (en) | 2012-02-24 |
| US20050151709A1 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
| JP2007508584A (ja) | 2007-04-05 |
| CN101930118A (zh) | 2010-12-29 |
| HK1097941A1 (zh) | 2007-07-06 |
| JP4739218B2 (ja) | 2011-08-03 |
| ATE405916T1 (de) | 2008-09-15 |
| EP1671304A4 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
| HK1152569A1 (en) | 2012-03-02 |
| EP1671304B1 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
| EP1967888A3 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| JP2017083877A (ja) | 2017-05-18 |
| JP2015052809A (ja) | 2015-03-19 |
| US7420549B2 (en) | 2008-09-02 |
| EP1671304A1 (en) | 2006-06-21 |
| CN101256278B (zh) | 2012-01-11 |
| CN100449595C (zh) | 2009-01-07 |
| CN101930119B (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
| EP1967888B1 (en) | 2018-09-19 |
| JP6200992B2 (ja) | 2017-09-20 |
| WO2005038764A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
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