JP2014123564A - 酸化グラフェンおよび四価バナジウムオキソ水酸化物の自己組織化複合体 - Google Patents
酸化グラフェンおよび四価バナジウムオキソ水酸化物の自己組織化複合体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】電極材料用の前駆体複合体が、C:O比率が2.5〜3.5の間の酸化グラフェン、および四価バナジウムオキソ水酸化物を含む電気化学的に活性な物質(EAM)から成る。また、前記前駆体複合体から電極材料を製造する方法は、前記前駆体複合体を乾燥させる工程と、少なくとも50℃であるが、前記バナジウムオキソ水酸化物の分解温度を下回る温度で、前記バナジウムオキソ水酸化物中の遷移金属の酸化状態がそれぞれ変化しながら、前記酸化グラフェンの所望の還元を誘導するのに十分な時間の間、前記乾燥した前駆体複合体を加熱する工程と、を含む。
【選択図】図9
Description
H4V3O8の合成
H4V3O8は、米国特許出願公開第2013/0157138A1号明細書に記載の様々な手順の1つにより、前駆体のH2V3O8(ICSD 80572;XRDパターン、図1を参照のこと)から合成することができる。本発明において使用するH4V3O8の合成のための還元剤として、アスコルビン酸を選択した。XRDパターンについては図2を参照のこと。
天然または合成の黒鉛を出発物質として使用することができる。酸化黒鉛は、Staudenmaier法、HummerおよびOffeman法、またはBrodie法によって得ることができる。個々の詳細な手順は文献から入手可能である。本発明において使用する酸化黒鉛は、酸化剤として塩素酸ナトリウムおよび発煙硝酸を用いる修正Brodie法により合成した。
100mgの酸化黒鉛粉末を100mlの脱イオン水中に分散した。混合物を室温で30分間撹拌して均質の黄金懸濁液を得た。2mgの水酸化リチウム一水和物を懸濁液に加え、それは直ちに透明なオレンジ色の溶液になった。反応混合物のpH値を7より高い値に変えるあらゆる他の方法により、酸化黒鉛の懸濁液から酸化グラフェン溶液が得られる。
95mgのH2V3O8を、60mgのアスコルビン酸リチウムおよび5mlの酸化グラフェン溶液を含む溶液に添加した。混合物を120℃で20分間オートクレーブした。得られた複合体を濾過により単離し、空気中で180℃で1時間乾燥させた。この生成物のSEM顕微鏡写真を図7に示す。
H4V3O8‐酸化グラフェン前駆体複合体の調製
95mgのH4V3O8を5mlの酸化グラフェン溶液に激しく撹拌しながら添加した。固体のH4V3O8が酸化グラフェン溶液中で分散すると、複合体が即座に形成された。その後、複合材料は、例えばコーティング、ドロップキャスティング、またはペースティングなどでさらに処理することができる。水を蒸発により除去した。この生成物のXRDパターンを図4に示す。
IR分光法による測定を用いて、四価バナジウムオキソ水酸化物と酸化グラフェンとが共に反応して複合体を形成していることを確認した。これらの測定により、本発明による前駆体複合体は真正の複合体であり、出発EAMおよびGOの単なる混合物ではないことを確認した。
H4-xV3O8‐RedGO複合体電極材料を、乾燥H4V3O8‐酸化グラフェン複合体を空気中で加熱することで得た。
H4-xV3O8‐RedGO複合体をリチウム電池において正電極として使用した。アノードは、リチウム金属、エチレンカーボネート‐エチルメチルカーボネート(1:1の重量比)の1M LiPF6溶液の電解質、およびカソードは自立性のH4-xV3O8‐RedGO複合体材料であった。
Claims (16)
- 電極材料用の前駆体複合体であって、前記前駆体複合体はC:O比率が2.5〜3.5の間の酸化グラフェン、および四価バナジウムオキソ水酸化物を含む電気化学的に活性な物質(EAM)から成る前駆体複合体。
- 前記酸化グラフェンのC:O比率は、2.7〜3.1の間、好ましくは2.9〜3.1の間である、請求項1の前駆体複合体。
- 前記四価バナジウムオキソ水酸化物の粒子は異方性形態、好ましくは繊維状形態を有する、請求項1または2に記載の前駆体複合体。
- 前記四価バナジウムオキソ水酸化物はH4V3O8から成る、請求項1〜3のうちいずれか一項に記載の前駆体複合体。
- ナノ粒子の形態の少なくとも1つのさらなるEAMを組み込み、前記EAMは遷移金属酸化物、遷移金属リン酸塩、遷移金属カルコゲナイド、遷移金属ハロゲン化物、シリコン、金属ナノ粒子、半導体粒子、およびこれらの組み合わせから成る群より選択される、請求項1〜4のうちいずれか一項に記載の前駆体複合体。
- 前駆体複合体を調製する方法であって、この方法は、
四価バナジウムオキソ水酸化物を水性の酸化グラフェンの溶液と混合する工程を含む、請求項1〜5のうちいずれか一項に記載の前駆体複合体を調製する方法。 - 前駆体複合体から電極材料を製造する方法であって、この方法は、
(a)前記前駆体複合体を乾燥させる工程;
(b)少なくとも50℃であるが、前記バナジウムオキソ水酸化物の分解温度を下回る温度で、前記バナジウムオキソ水酸化物中の遷移金属の酸化状態がそれぞれ変化しながら、前記酸化グラフェンの所望の還元を誘導するのに十分な時間の間、前記乾燥した前駆体複合体を加熱する工程、を含む、請求項1〜5のうちいずれか一項に記載の前駆体複合体から電極材料を製造する方法。 - 前記工程(b)の後にさらなる加熱工程を含み、前記加熱工程は最大400℃まで加熱する工程を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体複合体は、前記工程(a)の前に、例えばコーティング、ドロップキャスティング、またはペースティングのうちの少なくとも1つによって処理される、請求項7または8に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体複合体中の前記四価バナジウムオキソ水酸化物がH4V3O8であって、前記加熱工程(b)は、200℃未満、好ましくは180℃未満の温度で1時間実施し、最終生成物中の前記EAMは、xの範囲が0.1〜2.2であるH4-xV3O8である、請求項7〜9のうちいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱工程(b)は、空気中で実施する、請求項7〜10のうちいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 電極材料であって、該材料の炭素含有量は多くとも10重量%、好ましくは多くとも5重量%である、請求項7〜11のうちいずれか一項に記載の方法により製造される電極材料。
- 三次元メソ多孔性構造を有する、請求項12に記載の電極材料。
- 請求項7〜11のうちいずれか一項に記載の方法により製造される電極材料を含む電極。
- 前記電極は前記電極材料の自立構造である、請求項14に記載の電極。
- 1つの正電極および1つの負電極を有する少なくとも1つの電気化学セルを含むアルカリ金属またはアルカリイオンの電池であって、前記電極の少なくとも1つは請求項12または13に記載の電極材料を含む、アルカリ金属またはアルカリイオンの電池。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| EP12198987.5 | 2012-12-21 | ||
| EP12198987 | 2012-12-21 | ||
| EP13150846.7 | 2013-01-10 | ||
| EP13150846.7A EP2755259A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2013-01-10 | Self-assembled composite of graphene oxide and H4V3O8 |
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| JP2023059819A (ja) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-27 | ベレノス・クリーン・パワー・ホールディング・アーゲー | バッテリーセルの電極用の活物質およびその製造のための方法 |
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| CA3006997A1 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Cellular graphene films |
| IL260398B (en) | 2016-01-22 | 2022-08-01 | Univ California | High-voltage devices |
| CA3018568A1 (en) | 2016-03-23 | 2017-09-28 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Devices and methods for high voltage and solar applications |
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| US20140178763A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
| KR20140081732A (ko) | 2014-07-01 |
| CN103887480A (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
| TWI623134B (zh) | 2018-05-01 |
| TW201431162A (zh) | 2014-08-01 |
| EP2747175A1 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| KR101592072B1 (ko) | 2016-02-05 |
| US9225009B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
| JP5763741B2 (ja) | 2015-08-12 |
| CN103887480B (zh) | 2017-01-04 |
| EP2747175B1 (en) | 2018-08-15 |
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