JP2017001945A - 合成ガーネット材料、改質された合成ガーネット組成物、および合成ガーネットを製造する方法 - Google Patents
合成ガーネット材料、改質された合成ガーネット組成物、および合成ガーネットを製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017001945A JP2017001945A JP2016117873A JP2016117873A JP2017001945A JP 2017001945 A JP2017001945 A JP 2017001945A JP 2016117873 A JP2016117873 A JP 2016117873A JP 2016117873 A JP2016117873 A JP 2016117873A JP 2017001945 A JP2017001945 A JP 2017001945A
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Abstract
Description
優先権出願の引用による援用
本願は、2015年6月15日に出願され、「超高誘電率ガーネット」(ULTRA HIGH DIELECTRIC CONSTANT GARNET)と題された米国仮出願第62/175,873号、および2016年5月31日に出願され、「超高誘電率ガーネット」と題された米国仮出願第62/343,685号の利益から主張する。当該仮出願は各々、その全体がここに引用により援用される。
分野
本開示は一般に、超高誘電率を有する改質されたガーネット、およびそのような改質されたガーネットの用途に関する。
携帯電話、生物医学装置、およびRFIDセンサなどの電子装置における構成要素として、磁気特性を有するさまざまな結晶材料が使用されてきた。ガーネットは、マイクロ波領域の低周波数部分で動作するRFエレクトロニクスにおいて特に有用なフェリ磁性を有する結晶材料である。多くのマイクロ波磁性材料は、イットリウム鉄ガーネット(Yttrium Iron Garnet:YIG)の誘導体である。YIGは、主としてその強磁性共鳴周波数での狭い線幅といったその好ましい磁気特性ゆえに、さまざまな電気通信装置において広く使用されている、ガーネットの合成型である。YIGは概してイットリウム、鉄および酸素で構成され、場合によっては、1つ以上の他の希土類金属、たとえばランタニドまたはスカンジウムなどでドープされる。
十二面体位置を含む構造を備える、合成ガーネット材料であって、ビスマスが十二面体位置の少なくとも一部を占め、ガーネット材料の誘電率値は少なくとも31である、合成ガーネット材料の実施形態が、ここに開示される。
合成ガーネット(または、一般にフェライト/フェライトガーネット)、それらを製造する方法、およびそのような合成ガーネットの用途の実施形態が、ここに開示される。特に、ガーネットの他の磁気的または電気的局面への悪影響を体験することなく材料の全体的な誘電率を増加させるために、過剰量のビスマス原子をガーネット格子構造に組込むことができる。特に、ビスマス置換強磁性ガーネットは、焼結されたセラミックとして向上した誘電率を示す場合があり、商用無線インフラストラクチャ装置においてアイソレータおよびサーキュレータを小型化するために特に有用となり、それによって装置の全体的な設置面積を減少させる。また、材料は高磁化を維持でき、以前には実現できなかった範囲において高周波用途にとって理想的になる。
材料の誘電率を増加させるために、イットリウム鉄ガーネット(YIG)といった合成ガーネット組成物を改質する方法が、ここに開示される。しかしながら、イットリウムアルミニウムガーネットまたはガドリニウムガリウムガーネットといった他の合成ガーネットも同様に使用可能であること、およびその特定のガーネットは限定的ではないことが理解されるであろう。高誘電率(および/または他の有利な特性)を有する合成ガーネット材料、材料を生成する方法、ならびに、そのような材料を取入れた装置およびシステムも、ここに開示される。
高い磁化レベルも有しつつ非常に高い誘電率を有し、高周波用途にとって特に有用となる改質された合成ガーネットが、ここに開示される。特に、ガーネットの磁気電気特性を向上させつつ他の磁気電気特性を減少させないために、増加した量のビスマスを、他の元素からの平衡電荷とともに、結晶構造に添加することができる。
改質された合成ガーネット材料の調製は、公知のセラミック手法を使用することによって達成され得る。プロセスフローの特定の一例を図3に示す。
上に開示されたものなどの合成ガーネット組成物を利用する無線周波数(RF)用途は、比較的小さい磁気共鳴線幅を有するフェライト装置を含み得る。RF用途はまた、希土類含有量が減少した、または実質的にないガーネット組成物を有する、もしくは当該ガーネット組成物に関する、装置、方法、および/またはシステムを含み得る。ここに説明されるように、そのようなガーネット組成物は、比較的高い誘電率を生み出すように構成可能であり、そのような特徴は、有利な機能性を提供するために利用可能である。上に参照して説明された組成物、装置、および方法の少なくとも一部はそのような実現化例に適用され得る、ということが理解されるであろう。
過去には、式Bi(3−2x)Ca2xFe5−xVxO12を有する単結晶材料が成長され、式中、xは1.25であった。(1〜2GHzの範囲にあるいくつかの同調フィルタおよび共鳴器にとって好適である)約600ガウスの4πMs値が得られ、線幅は約1エルステッドで、システムについての低い固有磁気損失を示す。しかしながら、式においてBi置換のレベルは約0.5しかなかった。
ここに説明されるように、希土類含有量が減少した、または希土類を含有しないガーネットを形成することができ、そのようなガーネットは、RF用途などの用途のための装置での使用にとって望ましい特性を有することができる。いくつかの実現化例では、そのような装置は、Bi+3イオンの一意的な特性を利用するように構成可能である。たとえば、Bi+3イオン上の電子の「孤立対」は、イオン分極率、ひいては誘電率を高めることができる。
ここに説明されるように、希土類含有量が減少した、または希土類を含有しないガーネットを有するフェライト装置は、高誘電率特性を含むように構成可能である。RF用途に適用されるような誘電率に関するさまざまな設計上の考慮事項を、これから説明する。いくつかの実現化例では、高誘電率を有するガーネットを利用するそのような設計は、希土類を含有しない構成を伴ってもよく、必ずしも伴わなくてもよい。
数式2の例示的な関係は、円形ディスク形状のフェライトの文脈におけるものである。三角形状の共鳴器については、同じ導波路表現を使用できるが、この場合、円形ディスクの場合での半径の代わりに、3.63×λ/2πに等しいA(三角形の高さ)が当てはまる。
ここに説明されるように、フェライトのサイズは、ガーネット構造に関連付けられた誘電率を増加させることによって著しく減少させることができる。また、ここに説明されるように、適切なビスマス置換によって、イットリウムが減少した、および/または非Y希土類含有量が減少したガーネットを形成することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、そのようなガーネットは、イットリウムを含有しない、または希土類を含有しないガーネットを含み得る。増加した誘電率とイットリウムを含有しないガーネットとを有するフェライト装置を有する例示的なRF装置を、図5A〜6Bを参照して説明する。
図9〜13は、ここに説明されるような1つ以上の特徴を有するフェライト装置がどのように作製できるかの例を示す。図9は、前述の特性のうちの1つ以上を有するセラミック材料を作製するために実現され得るプロセス20を示す。ブロック21で、粉末を調製することができる。ブロック22で、調製した粉末から成形物を形成することができる。ブロック23で、形成物を焼結することができる。ブロック24で、焼結物を仕上げて、1つ以上の望ましい特性を有するセラミック完成物を生み出すことができる。
ここに説明されるような1つ以上の特徴を有する回路および装置は、無線基地局などのRF用途で実現され得る。そのような無線基地局は、RF信号の送信および/または受信を容易にするように構成された1つ以上のアンテナを含み得る。そのようなアンテナは、ここに説明されるようなサーキュレータ/アイソレータを1つ以上有する回路および装置に結合され得る。
Claims (20)
- 十二面体位置を含む構造を備える、合成ガーネット材料であって、ビスマスが前記十二面体位置の少なくとも一部を占め、前記ガーネット材料の誘電率値は少なくとも31である、合成ガーネット材料。
- 3dB線幅が80未満である、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記構造はガドリニウムを含む、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記構造は、1.0単位までのレベルでガドリニウムを含む、請求項3に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記合成ガーネット材料は、第2相としてシレナイトを含まない、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記構造は、少なくとも1.4単位のビスマスを含有する、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記構造は、1.4〜2.5単位のビスマスを含有する、請求項6に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記合成ガーネット材料の誘電率は少なくとも34である、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 十二面体位置の少なくとも一部を占める少なくとも1.4単位のビスマスを有する構造を備える、合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記合成ガーネット材料の誘電率は少なくとも34である、請求項9に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記構造は、1.4〜2.5単位のビスマスを含有する、請求項9に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記ガーネット材料の誘電率は少なくとも36である、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記ガーネット材料の磁化は1900以上である、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 式BixCayGdzY3−x−y−zFe5−yZryO12によって表わされる、改質された合成ガーネット組成物。
- 0≦x≦2.5、0≦y≦1.0、および0≦z≦2.0である、請求項14に記載の改質された合成ガーネット組成物。
- 1.0<x<2.0、0.1<y<0.8、0.2<z<1.9である、請求項14に記載の改質された合成ガーネット組成物。
- 前記改質された合成ガーネット組成物の誘電率は少なくとも34である、請求項14に記載の改質された合成ガーネット組成物。
- 高誘電率を有する合成ガーネットを製造する方法であって、前記方法は、
イットリウム鉄ガーネット構造を提供するステップと、
第2相としてのシレナイトなしで改質された合成ガーネット構造を形成するために、1.4単位を上回るビスマスを前記鉄ガーネット構造に挿入するステップとを備える、合成ガーネットを製造する方法。 - 前記改質された合成ガーネットの組成は、BixCayGdzY3−x−y−zFe5−yZryO12であり、0≦x≦2.5、0≦y≦1.0、および0≦z≦2.0である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記改質された合成ガーネットの誘電率は少なくとも34である、請求項18に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201562175873P | 2015-06-15 | 2015-06-15 | |
| US62/175,873 | 2015-06-15 | ||
| US201662343685P | 2016-05-31 | 2016-05-31 | |
| US62/343,685 | 2016-05-31 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2017001945A true JP2017001945A (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
| JP2017001945A5 JP2017001945A5 (ja) | 2019-07-18 |
| JP6744143B2 JP6744143B2 (ja) | 2020-08-19 |
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