JP2017526405A - 気流調節吸入装置 - Google Patents
気流調節吸入装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2017526405A JP2017526405A JP2016576068A JP2016576068A JP2017526405A JP 2017526405 A JP2017526405 A JP 2017526405A JP 2016576068 A JP2016576068 A JP 2016576068A JP 2016576068 A JP2016576068 A JP 2016576068A JP 2017526405 A JP2017526405 A JP 2017526405A
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- airflow
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Abstract
Description
いくつかの実施形態の広範な態様は、薬剤用量部の1種以上の活性物質のユーザへの制御された肺送達に関する。いくつかの実施形態では、送達は個人用吸入装置を介して行う。
(A80%、D20%)2.9秒、その後、Dを100%100ミリ秒、その後、Aを100%900ミリ秒
ここでは、A=空気(原薬をほぼ含まない空気)及びD=薬剤(原薬を搬送する搬送気流)。
[(A70%、D30%)200ミリ秒、(A95%、D5%)200ミリ秒]、これを2.9秒経過するまで繰り返し、その後、Dを100%100ミリ秒、その後、Aを100%900ミリ秒
又は:
[(D100%)50ミリ秒、(A100%)100ミリ秒]、これを2.9秒経過するまで繰り返し、その後、Dを100%50ミリ秒、その後、Dを100%100ミリ秒、その後、Aを100%900ミリ秒
又は、別のプロトコルは、異なるA及びDの流量比、上記よりも長い、より短い、もしくはそれらの中間の期間、及び/又は上記よりも多い、より少ない、もしくはそれらの中間の回数の反復周期を使用する。
本出願は、35USC§119(e)に基づき、2014年12月1日付米国特許仮出願第62/085,772号;2014年8月11日付米国特許仮出願第62/035,588号;2014年12月2日付米国特許仮出願第62/086,208号;2015年5月21日付米国特許仮出願第62/164,710号;及び2014年6月30日付米国特許仮出願第62/019,225号の優先権;の利益を主張するものであり、全ての内容は参照によって本明細書に援用される。
Claims (50)
- 用量カートリッジから放出される少なくとも1種の原薬を吸入ユーザに送達するための吸入装置であって:
前記ユーザが吸入するマウスピースの近位開口部に搬送気流を導くための第1導管;
前記第1導管の前記搬送気流内でホルダによって定められる用量カートリッジ位置に前記用量カートリッジを配置するように構成されたホルダ;
分流気流を用量カートリッジ位置に通過させることなく前記マウスピースに前記分流気流を導くために前記第1導管に空気圧で連結された第2導管;ならびに
前記第1及び第2導管の少なくとも1つの中にある少なくとも1つの弁;
が備えられ、
前記吸入ユーザによって生成された陰圧に応答して、搬送気流の流量率を制御する弁コントローラによって、前記少なくとも1つの弁が操作される、吸入装置。 - 前記搬送気流の流量率を示す少なくとも1種のパラメータを検出するように配置及び構成された少なくとも1つのセンサを備える、請求項1に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのセンサは用量カートリッジ位置に近接している前記第1導管内に配置された圧力センサを含む、請求項2に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記弁コントローラは、前記少なくとも1つのセンサからの前記搬送気流の流量率の指示を受信して前記搬送気流の流量率の指示及び前記搬送気流の目標プロファイルに基づいて前記少なくとも1つの弁を操作するように機能的に接続する、請求項2〜3のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記指示パラメータには、前記第2導管が少なくとも部分的に閉鎖している間に感知された前記搬送気流の流量率が含まれる、請求項4に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記弁コントローラは前記目標プロファイルと、前記第2導管が少なくとも部分的に閉鎖さしている間に感知された前記搬送気流の流量率との間の差に基づいて前記少なくとも1つの弁を操作するように構成されている、請求項5に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記コントローラは前記搬送気流の流量率の前記受信された指示に基づいて前記目標プロファイルを部分変更するように構成されている、請求項4〜6のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記第2導管は用量カートリッジ位置と前記マウスピースの前記近位開口部との接合部で少なくとも前記第1導管に接続し、前記接合部は前記第2導管から気流を導いて前記搬送気流を周囲から包囲するように構成されている、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記弁コントローラは、気流の第1期間の後の中間期間で前記ユーザへの総気流流量率を大幅に低減するように構成されている、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記総気流流量率の大幅な減少は、気流の前記第1期間での前記総気流流量率の50%以下である、請求項9に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記第1及び第2導管から離れた経路を通る前記マウスピースにバイパス気流を導くように構成された第3導管が備えられ、前記第3導管を通る前記バイパス気流はバイパス弁によって制御される、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記第3導管は複数の管路を備える、請求項11に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記バイパス弁を操作して前記第3導管を通る気流を制御するように機能的に接続されたバイパス弁コントローラを備える、請求項11〜12のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記弁コントローラ及び/又はバイパス弁コントローラは、気流の第1期間の後の中間期間で前記ユーザへの総気流流量率を大幅に低減し、次いで少なくとも前記第3導管を開口するように構成されている、請求項13に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの弁及び少なくとも1つのバイパス弁は、少なくとも第1位置から第2位置へ移動可能な設置部上に配置された複数の弁孔を備え、そのために前記第2位置への移動によって前記導管の1つを閉鎖するように弁孔が配列され、一方、別の前記導管を少なくとも部分的に開口するように弁孔が配列されている、請求項11〜14のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記設置部は、少なくとも1つの貫通する弁孔を有する少なくとも1つの回転ディスクを備え、前記回転ディスクは、前記導管に対する前記孔の配列を変えるために少なくとも前記第1位置から前記第2位置まで回転可能である、請求項15に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記設置部は:
前記導管内に孔を有する少なくとも1つの内管;
前記内管を包囲する壁を有し、前記少なくとも1つの外管の前記壁を貫通する前記少なくとも1つの弁孔を有する少なくとも1つの外管;
を備え、
前記少なくとも1つの外管と前記少なくとも1つの内管とは、前記導管に対する前記孔の配列を変えるために、少なくとも前記第1位置から前記第2の位置へと互いに対して可動である、請求項15に記載の吸入装置。 - 前記少なくとも1つの外管は2つの個別に可動な外管を備え;
前記2つの個別に可動な外管の一方を移動させると、1つの導管の開度が制御され、他方の導管を移動させると、別の導管の開度が制御される、請求項17に記載の吸入装置。 - 前記少なくとも1種の原薬を収容する前記薬剤用量カートリッジの材料を加熱し、前記材料から前記少なくとも1種の原薬を気化させるように構成された加熱アセンブリが備えられ、前記放出された蒸気が前記第1導管に流入し、前記搬送気流に混入する、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記加熱アセンブリは、前記用量カートリッジが前記ホルダによって位置決めされたときに前記用量カートリッジの電気抵抗加熱要素に電流を加えるように構成された電極を備える、請求項19に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記吸入装置は:
前記搬送気流の流量率を示す少なくとも1種のパラメータを検出するよう配置及び構成された少なくとも1つのセンサ;ならびに
前記搬送気流の流量率を示す前記少なくとも1種のパラメータに基づいて、前記薬剤用量カートリッジの材料の加熱を制御するために機能的に接続された加熱コントローラ
を備える、請求項19に記載の吸入装置。 - 前記薬剤用量カートリッジの温度を検出するように配置された温度センサが備えられ、前記加熱コントローラが前記温度センサから温度の指示を受信し、前記温度の指示に基づいて前記少なくとも1つの弁を操作するために機能的に接続している、請求項21に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記弁コントローラは、前記温度が閾値を下回れば前記搬送気流を減少させるために前記少なくとも1つの弁を操作する、請求項22に記載の吸入装置。
- 目標プロファイルには、少なくとも特定期間の前記第1導管及び前記用量カートリッジ位置を通る一定の流量率が含まれる、請求項4〜23のいずれかに記載の吸入装置。
- 前記加熱コントローラは、前記ユーザによる吸入の開始が検出されたとき、又は前記搬送気流の流量率が閾値を上回るときに原薬放出を作動するように構成されている、請求項22〜24のいずれかに記載の吸入装置。
- 少なくとも前記弁コントローラは、ユーザインタフェース及び医師インタフェースの1つ以上と通信するように構成されている、請求項4〜25のいずれかに記載の吸入装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの弁は:吸入の流量率、前記用量カートリッジ位置を通る流量率、及び検出又は推定イベントから定められた時間の1つ以上に基づいて前記弁コントローラによって操作できる、請求項2〜26のいずれかに記載の吸入装置。
- 前記第1導管を通る搬送気流に影響を与えるように配置されたファンを備える、請求項2〜27のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- ファンコントローラは前記センサからの搬送気流の流量率の指示及び前記搬送気流の目標プロファイルに基づいて、前記ファンを作動して気流を誘起するために機能的に接続している、請求項28に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの弁は、分流気流の流量率を制限するように少なくとも部分的に閉鎖し、それによって前記搬送気流の流量率に影響を与えるように構成された前記第2導管に沿って配置された弁を備える、請求項1〜29のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記弁コントローラは、前記分流気流及び前記搬送気流の少なくとも1つに基づいて前記少なくとも1つの弁の開度を調整するように機械的に構成された前記少なくとも1つの弁の一部を備える、請求項1に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記第1導管を通る前記搬送気流の少なくとも90%が前記用量カートリッジを通過するように、前記ホルダは前記用量カートリッジを位置決めする、請求項1〜31のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- 用量カートリッジから放出される少なくとも1種の原薬を吸入ユーザへ送達するための吸入装置であって:
前記ユーザが吸入するマウスピースの近位開口部に少なくとも搬送気流を導くための少なくとも第1導管;
前記少なくとも第1導管の前記搬送気流内で、前記ホルダによって定められた用量カートリッジ位置に前記用量カートリッジを配置するように構成されたホルダ;
前記少なくとも前記第1導管から分離した経路を経て前記マウスピースの前記近位開口部にバイパス気流を導くように構成されたバイパス導管;ならびに、
初期の吸入期での前記マウスピースの前記近位開口部に向かう前記総気流の流量率が後半の吸入期での前記マウスピースの前記近位開口部に向かう総気流の流量率よりも大幅に少なくなるように、単回吸入中に少なくとも前記バイパス気流を制御するように構成されたコントローラ
を備える、吸入装置。 - 前記コントローラは、中間期での前記マウスピースの前記近位開口部に向かう気流の総流量率が前記初期の吸入期での流量率より大幅に低くなるように、前記初期の吸入期と前記後半の吸入期の中間にある期間で前記装置を通る気流を制御するように構成されている、請求項33に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記バイパス導管は前記用量カートリッジ位置と前記マウスピースの前記近位開口部との間の接合部で前記第1導管に接続しており、前記接合部は、前記バイパス気流を導いて前記搬送気流を周囲から包囲するように構成されている、請求項33又は34に記載の吸入装置。
- 吸入装置から吸入するユーザに、加熱した薬剤用量部から少なくとも1種の原薬を肺送達する方法であって:
前記加熱した薬剤用量部から、前記薬剤用量カートリッジを通過する吸入誘起搬送気流への前記原薬の放出の流量率を推定する工程;
前記原薬放出が原薬放出の目標プロファイルと一致するように、前記薬剤用量部の加熱及び前記搬送気流の流量率のうちの少なくとも1つを制御する工程
が含まれる、方法。 - 放出の流量率を推定する工程には、前記薬剤用量カートリッジを通る搬送気流の流量率を推定する工程が含まれる、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 前記搬送気流の流量率は、前記薬剤用量カートリッジを迂回する吸入誘起分流気流を動力学的に制御することによって調整する、請求項36又は37に記載の方法。
- 搬送気流を周囲から包囲するように前記分流気流を導き、それによって比較的高い原薬濃度の気流が、低い原薬濃度の気流に包囲される、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記薬剤用量部に適用された加熱パターンは原薬放出の目標プロファイルと一致するように調整される、請求項36〜39のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 原薬放出の目標プロファイルは、前記搬送気流の流量率の関数としての前記薬剤用量部の加熱量によって少なくとも部分的に特定される、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 吸入ユーザに気流ベースの状態の指示を提供する吸入装置であって:
前記ユーザが吸入するマウスピースに気流を導くための少なくとも1つの導管;
前記導管を通るように導いた前記気流に対する抵抗を変調する操作が可能な少なくとも1つの弁;及び
前記吸入装置の状態を前記ユーザに示す気流変調のパターンを形成するように前記弁を制御するために機能的に接続したコントローラ
を備える、吸入装置。 - 前記吸入装置を介して吸入するユーザに呼吸ベースの指示を提供するために吸入装置を介して気流を操作する方法であって:
第1期の気流が、吸入中に前記吸入装置を通るようにする工程;
流れの減少を前記ユーザが感知するように少なくとも部分的に前記気流を閉鎖する工程;
その吸入の継続中、前記吸入装置を通る第2期の気流の閉鎖を低減する工程
が含まれる、方法。 - 前記第1期の気流は原薬を前記吸入器から前記ユーザの前記肺系に搬送し、前記第2期の気流は前記第1期で吸入した原薬を前記肺系内に深く前進させる、請求項43に記載の方法。
- 前記原薬を搬送し、かつ前記吸入装置内に保持された、薬剤用量カートリッジを通る気流の目標プロファイルに基づいて、前記第1期の気流の流量率を制御する、請求項44に記載の方法。
- 吸入装置であって:
前記内管内で長軸方向に延在する中心導管と空気連通する少なくとも1つの孔を有する壁を備える少なくとも1つの内管;及び
前記少なくとも1つの内管の少なくとも一部を包囲する壁を有し、前記少なくとも1つの外管の前記壁を貫通する少なくとも1つの孔を有する、少なくとも1つの外管;
が備えられ、
前記少なくとも1つの外管及び前記少なくとも1つの内管は、少なくとも第1位置から第2位置まで互いに対して移動可能であり、前記内管及び外管の前記孔の配列を変更し、それによって前記第2位置への移動により内管孔と一致した配列から外管孔を離すと、前記中心導管に通じる開口部が減少し、一方でまた、外管孔を内管孔と一致した配列にすると、前記中心導管に通じる開口部が増加する、吸入装置。 - 複数のホルダを備える、請求項1〜32のいずれか一項に記載の吸入装置。
- 前記加熱アセンブリの前記電極が前記搬送気流から封止されるように、前記ホルダは前記第1導管内で前記用量カートリッジを位置決めする、請求項20に記載の吸入装置。
- 用量カートリッジから放出された少なくとも1種の原薬を吸入ユーザに送達するための吸入装置であって:
前記ホルダに規定された用量カートリッジ位置、すなわち前記用量カートリッジから放出された少前記なくとも1種の原薬が搬送気流に流入するような規定位置で前記用量カートリッジを位置決めするように構成されたホルダ:
前記用量カートリッジ位置から前記ユーザが吸入するマウスピースの近位開口部へ前記搬送気流を導くための第1導管;
分流気流が前記用量カートリッジ位置を通過せずに前記分流気流を前記マウスピースに導くために前記第1導管に空気連結した第2導管;ならびに
前記第1及び第2導管の少なくとも1つに設置された少なくとも1つの弁;
が備えられ、
前記少なくとも1つの弁は、吸入ユーザによって生成された陰圧に応じて搬送気流の流量率を制御するために弁コントローラによって操作される、吸入装置。 - 用量カートリッジから放出された少なくとも1種の原薬を吸入ユーザに送達するための吸入装置であって:
前記ホルダによって定められた用量カートリッジ位置、すなわち前記用量カートリッジから放出された前記少なくとも1種の原薬が搬送気流に流入するような前記規定位置で前記用量カートリッジを位置決めするように構成されたホルダ:
用量カートリッジ位置から前記ユーザが吸入するマウスピースの近位開口部へ前記搬送気流を導くための第1導管;ならびに
分流気流が用量カートリッジ位置を通過せずに前記分流気流を前記マウスピースに導くために、前記用量カートリッジ位置と前記マウスピースの前記近位開口部との接合部で前記第1導管に接続した第2導管;
が備えられ、
前記接合部は前記第2導管からの気流を導いて前記搬送気流を周囲から包囲するように構成されている、吸入装置。
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