JP2017533075A - 廃水再生のための媒体、システム、および方法 - Google Patents
廃水再生のための媒体、システム、および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2014年9月18日に出願され、そしてWASTEWATER REGENERATION DEVICEと題する米国仮特許出願番号第62/052,295号の優先権の利益を主張しており、この仮特許出願は、すべての目的のためにその全体が本明細書中に参考として本明細書によって援用される。
1つまたは複数の態様は、一般に、濾過およびリサイクルデバイス、システム、および方法を含む廃水再生に関する。より詳細には、1つまたは複数の態様では、廃水流の水および界面活性剤成分から疎水性廃棄物成分を分離するのに、濾過プロセスを使用する。
態様は、一般に、濾過デバイスが廃棄物流から疎水性廃棄物成分を分離する、様々な水処理システムおよび方法に関する。少なくとも一部の態様では、水およびその他の成分、例えば界面活性剤を、次に再使用してもよい。
図面において、同様の参照符号は、種々の表示全体を通して同じ部分を一般に指す。また図面は、必ずしも縮尺通りではなく、代わりに本発明の原理を例示することに一般に力点が置かれており、本発明の制限を定めるものではない。明瞭にする目的で、全ての構成要素が全ての図面において標識されていないかも知れない。以下の記述では、本発明の様々な実施形態について、下記の図面を参照しながら説明する。
水不足は、何十億の人々に影響を及ぼす難題となっている。水利用の効率は、廃水の再生を容易にすることによって改善されてもよい。例えば家庭での水消費量の20%超を占める洗濯および食器洗いの適用例では、典型的なクリーニングプロセスは、かなりの量の水および洗浄剤を利用して、結果として生じる廃水流の1%未満を構成する量の疎水性廃棄物(油脂または染み)を除去する。図1は、先行技術のシステム100の例を示す。汚れおよび油を含有する汚損物品110を、食器洗浄機または洗濯機などの使用ポイント130で水および洗浄剤の溶液120と混合する。雑排水140とも呼ばれる、得られた廃水流140が、生成される。
によって、粗さが水接触角をどのように増大させるかについて記述する。方程式(1)は、粗さと接触角との間の関係を実証し、粗さが増大するにつれて、疎水性の尺度である観察される接触角も増大することを示している。
Claims (37)
- 使用ポイントの出口に流体連通しており、処理のために前記使用ポイントから廃水流を受容するように構成されている入口と、前記使用ポイントの入口に流体連通しており、濾液を前記使用ポイントに送出するように構成されている出口とを有するハウジングと、
前記ハウジング内に位置決めされ、親油性フォーム基材および前記親油性フォーム基材上の疎水性コーティングを含み、前記廃水流から疎水性成分を分離して、水および界面活性剤を含む濾液を生成するように構成されている濾過媒体と、
を含む濾過ユニット、を含む、廃水処理システム。 - 前記使用ポイントが、衣類洗濯機、食器洗浄機、洗車機、または油抽出操作の1つである、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記使用ポイントが、石油化学プラント、軍用廃水処理プラント、水道水処理プラント、食品加工廃水処理システム、航空宇宙水処理システム、およびホテル廃水リサイクルシステムの1つである、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記界面活性剤が洗浄剤を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記システムのパラメーターを測定するように構成されている少なくとも1つのセンサーと、前記少なくとも1つのセンサーと通信状態にありかつ前記少なくとも1つのセンサーから受信された入力信号に応答して前記濾過ユニットの動作を制御するための出力信号を生成するように構成されている制御器とを含む、制御システムをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記濾過ユニットが、前記濾過媒体の上流で前記ハウジング内に位置決めされた固形分フィルターと、前記濾過媒体の下流で前記ハウジング内に位置決めされたイオン交換フィルターとをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記濾液と混合される補給水の供給源をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 親油性ポリマーを含むフォーム基材と、
前記フォーム基材上の疎水性コーティングと
を含む、廃水濾過媒体。 - 前記フォーム基材が、400μmから1000μmの間の平均孔径を有する、請求項8に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記フォーム基材が、600μmから700μmの間の平均孔径を有する、請求項8に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記親油性ポリマーが、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)、ポリエチレン(PE)、ポリウレタン(PU)、ポリスチレン(PS)、ポリ乳酸(PLA)、アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン(ABS)、ポリカーボネート(PC)、フッ素をベースにしたポリマー、塩素をベースにしたポリマー、シリコーン、ナイロン、アクリル、セルロース、およびこれらの複合体からなる群から選択される、請求項8に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記親油性ポリマーがPUである、請求項8に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記フォーム基材が、0°から90°の間の油接触角を有する、請求項8に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記フォーム基材が、0°から10°の間の油接触角を有する、請求項13に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記フォーム基材が、20mN/mから70mN/mの間の臨界表面張力を有する、請求項8に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記フォーム基材が、20mN/mから40mN/mの間の臨界表面張力を有する、請求項15に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記疎水性コーティングが、90°から180°の間の水接触角を有する、請求項8に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記疎水性コーティングが、ハロゲンをベースにしたポリマー、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)、両性イオンポリマー、糖、タンパク質脂質、グラフェン、およびカーボンナノチューブからなる群から選択される、請求項8に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記疎水性コーティングが、フッ素をベースにしたポリマーである、請求項18に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記疎水性コーティングが、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を含む、請求項19に記載の濾過媒体。
- 前記疎水性コーティングが、1μmから5μmの平均直径を有する、堆積された粒子を含む、請求項8に記載の濾過媒体。
- 水、界面活性剤、および疎水性物質を含む廃棄物流を分離する方法であって、
前記疎水性物質の大部分を、親油性ポリマーベースのフォームフィルターに吸収させること、および
前記フォームフィルター上への吸収から前記水および界面活性剤の大部分を拒絶して、水および界面活性剤を含む濾液流を生成すること
を含む、方法。 - 前記廃棄物流が、洗濯、食器洗い、洗車、または石油化学的操作からの雑排水を含む、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 廃棄物流を濾過しリサイクルさせる方法であって、
使用ポイントからの、水、界面活性剤、および疎水性物質を含む廃棄物流を、親油性ポリマーベースのフォーム基材および疎水性コーティングを含む濾過媒体に通して、水、界面活性剤、および低減された疎水性物質部分を含む濾液を生成すること、および
前記濾液をリサイクルさせて、前記使用ポイントで再使用すること
を含む、方法。 - 前記濾液と補給水の供給源とを混合して混合物を生成し、その後、前記使用ポイントで再使用することをさらに含む、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物が、10体積%またはそれ未満の補給水を含む、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記廃棄物流を濾過媒体に通すことが、前記廃棄物流を前記濾過媒を通してポンプ送出することを含む、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 濾液の単一バッチを、7カ月から8カ月の期間にわたり、前記使用ポイントに繰り返しリサイクルさせる、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 親油性ポリマーベースのフォーム基材および疎水性コーティングを有する、飽和濾過媒体を再生する方法であって、
前記飽和濾過媒体を圧縮して、吸収された疎水性物質を除去し、再生された濾過媒体を生成すること、を含む方法。 - 除去された疎水性物質を捕捉し、処理することをさらに含む、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記飽和濾過媒体を圧縮することの5から10サイクル後に、濾過媒体を取り換えることをさらに含む、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 濾過媒体を製造するための方法であって、
親油性フォーム基材を、有機溶媒を含む溶液に浸漬して、膨潤フォームを生成すること、
前記膨潤フォームを疎水性微粒子でコーティングして、コーティングされたフォームを生成すること、および
前記コーティングされたフォームを加熱して、前記濾過媒体を生成すること
を含む、方法。 - 前記有機溶媒が、ジクロロメタンまたはトルエンを含む、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記親油性フォーム基材がPUを含む、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記疎水性微粒子がPTFEを含む、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記疎水性微粒子が、1μmから5μmの平均粒径を有する、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 加熱することが、80℃から150℃の範囲の温度で実施される、請求項32に記載の方法。
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| US201462052295P | 2014-09-18 | 2014-09-18 | |
| US62/052,295 | 2014-09-18 | ||
| PCT/US2015/050736 WO2016044620A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2015-09-17 | Media, systems, and methods for wastewater regeneration |
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| AU2017313120B2 (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2022-12-01 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Hydrocarbon fluid-water separation |
| US20180312419A1 (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-11-01 | Aquafresco, Inc. | Water reuse systems and related methods and apparatuses |
| CA3089207A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 | 2019-08-22 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter media configurations |
| KR102777018B1 (ko) * | 2018-02-15 | 2025-03-07 | 도날드슨 컴파니, 인코포레이티드 | 기재 처리 |
| KR20200119307A (ko) | 2018-02-15 | 2020-10-19 | 도날드슨 컴파니, 인코포레이티드 | 필터 요소 구성 |
| US11383220B1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2022-07-12 | Faster Chemistry LLC | Method and material for synthesis and purification by use of a coated solid substrate |
| CN109837724B (zh) * | 2019-04-09 | 2021-05-25 | 南通鑫唐纺织印染有限公司 | 一种用于纺织品的去油装置 |
| KR102488605B1 (ko) * | 2020-03-23 | 2023-01-13 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | 극친수성 유수 분리 필터를 이용한 연속 유수 분리 시스템 |
| US20210322931A1 (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-10-21 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Zwitterionic polyelectrolyte coated filtration medium for fracturing fluid and drilling mud treatment |
| RU2770063C1 (ru) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-04-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) | Устройство для очистки сточных вод от масел, нефти, нефтепродуктов |
| CN113716716A (zh) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-30 | 江苏晶瑞特环保新材料有限公司 | 一种基于玻璃轻石的洗车场循环节水系统 |
| CN118831572B (zh) * | 2024-07-03 | 2025-11-04 | 中山大学 | 一种盐响应多孔复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
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| EP0075608A1 (en) * | 1981-09-26 | 1983-04-06 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method and apparatus for the separation of oil from water |
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| US4439473A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-03-27 | Jerry Lippman | Hydrophobic foam fabric coating |
| US5374358A (en) * | 1991-06-21 | 1994-12-20 | Diamond Chemical Company, Inc. | System for treating commercial waste effluents |
| AU3437097A (en) * | 1996-06-25 | 1998-01-14 | W.L. Gore & Associates Gmbh | Flexible water and oil resistant composites |
| US6616833B2 (en) * | 2001-04-18 | 2003-09-09 | Gerard Lynch | Ship-board system for decontaminating wastewater contaminated by firefighting operations |
| CN1882509A (zh) * | 2003-09-23 | 2006-12-20 | 阿奎诺克斯私人有限公司 | 废水净化方法 |
| WO2005074583A2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-18 | Hydrophilix Corporation | Foam composite for absorption of hydrocarbon and process for making same |
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| EP0075608A1 (en) * | 1981-09-26 | 1983-04-06 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method and apparatus for the separation of oil from water |
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| CN106999816A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
| JP6799528B2 (ja) | 2020-12-16 |
| WO2016044620A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
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