JP2018105196A - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018105196A JP2018105196A JP2016251243A JP2016251243A JP2018105196A JP 2018105196 A JP2018105196 A JP 2018105196A JP 2016251243 A JP2016251243 A JP 2016251243A JP 2016251243 A JP2016251243 A JP 2016251243A JP 2018105196 A JP2018105196 A JP 2018105196A
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- temperature
- heat
- catalyst
- exhaust treatment
- treatment catalyst
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0255—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to accelerate the warming-up of the exhaust gas treating apparatus at engine start
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- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus
- F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
- F01N11/005—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus the temperature or pressure being estimated, e.g. by means of a theoretical model
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- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
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- F01N2240/30—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel reformer
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- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
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- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
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- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1を参照すると、1は機関本体、2は各気筒の燃焼室、3は各燃焼室2内に夫々燃料を噴射するための電子制御式燃料噴射弁、4は吸気マニホルド、5は排気マニホルドを夫々示す。吸気マニホルド4は吸気ダクト6を介して排気ターボチャージャ7のコンプレッサ7aの出口に連結され、コンプレッサ7aの入口は吸入空気量検出器8を介してエアクリーナ9に連結される。吸気ダクト6内にはアクチュエータにより駆動されるスロットル弁10が配置され、吸気ダクト6周りには吸気ダクト6内を流れる吸入空気を冷却するための冷却装置11が配置される。図1に示される実施例では機関冷却水が冷却装置11内に導かれ、機関冷却水によって吸入空気が冷却される。
図2を参照すると、52は熱、水素生成装置50の円筒状ハウジング、53はハウジング52内に形成されたバーナー燃焼室、54はハウジング52内に配置された改質用触媒、55はハウジング52内に形成されたガス流出室を夫々示す。図2に示される実施例では、ハウジング52の長手方向中央部に改質用触媒54が配置されており、ハウジング52の長手方向一端部にバーナー燃焼室53が配置されており、ハウジング52の長手方向他端部にガス流出室55か配置されている。図2に示されるように、この実施例では、ハウジング52の外周全体が断熱材56により覆われている。
空気がバーナー燃焼室53に供給される。なお、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止されるときに、高温空気弁65が開弁されると共に低温空気弁66が閉弁されており、従って、熱、水素生成装置50が作動せしめられたときには、高温空気流通路62を介して空気がバーナー燃焼室53に供給される。次いで、ステップ105では、グロープラグ68の抵抗値から、グロープラグ68の温度TGが算出される。次いで、ステップ106では、グロープラグ68の温度TGが700℃を越えたか否かが判別される。グロープラグ68の温度TGが700℃を越えていないと判別されたときにはステップ104に戻る。これに対し、グロープラグ68の温度TGが700℃を越えたと判別されたときには、着火可能であると判断され、ステップ107に進む。
図16を参照すると、まず初めに、ステップ200において、温度センサ72により検出されている改質用触媒54の下流側端面の温度TCが読み込まれる。次いで、ステップ201では、改質用触媒54の下流側端面の温度TCが許容触媒温度TXを越えたか否かが判別される。改質用触媒54の下流側端面の温度TCが許容触媒温度TXを越えていないと判別されたときには、処理サイクルを完了する。
図19を参照すると、ステップ300からステップ305では、排気処理触媒13の状態を検出するための条件が成立しているか否かが判別される。即ち、まず初めに、ステップ300では、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止しているか否かが判別される。図9或いは図11に示されるように熱、水素生成装置50が作動しているときに、排気処理触媒13の状態の検出を行うと、熱、水素生成装置50の制御が不安定となる。従って、熱、水素生成装置50が作動しているときには排気処理触媒13の状態の検出を行わず、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止するまで待つために、熱、水素生成装置50が作動しているときにはステップ300に戻る。一方、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止しているときには、ステップ301に進む。
図24を参照すると、まず初めに、ステップ600において、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止しているか否かが判別される。熱、水素生成装置50が作動しているときにはステップ600に戻り、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止しているときには、ステップ601に進む。ステップ601では、改質用触媒54の下流側端面の温度TCが、O2/Cモル比=0.5でもって部分酸化改質反応が行われたときの平衡反応温度TB(=TA+805℃)に対し、予め定められた範囲内、例えば、プラスマイナス30℃の範囲内にあるか否かが判別される。即ち、TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃であるか否かが判別される。TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃でないときにはステップ600に戻る。これに対し、TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃であるときにはステップ602に進む。
図26を参照すると、まず初めに、ステップ700において、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止しているか否かが判別される。熱、水素生成装置50が作動しているときにはステップ700に戻り、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止しているときには、ステップ701に進む。ステップ701では、改質用触媒54の下流側端面の温度TCが、O2/Cモル比=0.5でもって部分酸化改質反応が行われたときの平衡反応温度TB(=TA+805℃)に対し、予め定められた範囲内、例えば、プラスマイナス30℃の範囲内にあるか否かが判別される。即ち、TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃であるか否かが判別される。TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃でないときにはステップ700に戻る。これに対し、TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃であるときにはステップ702に進む。
図30を参照すると、まず初めに、ステップ850において、排気処理触媒13からSOXを放出すべきであること示すSOX放出フラグがセットされているか否かが判別される。SOX放出フラグがセットされていないときにはステップ851に進んで、排気処理触媒13へのSOX吸蔵量ΣSOXが算出される。燃料中には一定の割合で硫黄が含まれており、従って、ステップ851におけるように、燃料噴射弁3から燃料噴射量Fに定数Cを乗算した値をΣSOXに加算することによってSOX吸蔵量ΣSOXを算出することができる。次いで、ステップ852では、SOX吸蔵量ΣSOXが許容限界値MAXを越えたか否かが判別され、SOX吸蔵量ΣSOXが許容限界値MAXを越えたときこには、ステップ853に進んで、SOX放出フラグがセットされる。
図28を参照すると、まず初めに、ステップ800において、図30に示されるSOX放出制御ルーチンにおいて算出されているSOX吸蔵量ΣSOXが、硫黄被毒したとしても影響の出ない許容値SXよりも大きいか否かが判別される。SOX吸蔵量ΣSOXが許容値SXよりも小さいときには硫黄被毒回復制御を終了する。これに対し、SOX吸蔵量ΣSOXが許容値SXよりも大きいときにはステップ801に進んで、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止しているか否かが判別される。熱、水素生成装置50が作動しているときにはステップ801に戻り、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止しているときには、ステップ802に進む。ステップ802では、改質用触媒54の下流側端面の温度TCが、O2/Cモル比=0.5でもって部分酸化改質反応が行われたときの平衡反応温度TB(=TA+805℃)に対し、予め定められた範囲内、例えば、プラスマイナス30℃の範囲内にあるか否かが判別される。即ち、TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃であるか否かが判別される。TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃でないときにはステップ800に戻る。これに対し、TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃であるときにはステップ803に進む。
図32を参照すると、図32のステップ900からステップ905は、図19に示される触媒状態検出ルーチンにおけるステップ300からステップ305と同じある。即ち、図32において、ステップ900では、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止しているか否かが判別される。熱、水素生成装置50が作動しているときにはステップ900に戻る。一方、熱、水素生成装置50の作動が停止しているときには、ステップ901に進む。ステップ901では、改質用触媒54の下流側端面の温度TCが、O2/Cモル比=0.5でもって部分酸化改質反応が行われたときの平衡反応温度TB(=TA+805℃)に対し、予め定められた範囲内、例えば、プラスマイナス30℃の範囲内にあるか否かが判別される。即ち、TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃であるか否かが判別される。TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃でないときにはステップ900に戻る。これに対し、TA+775℃<TC<TA+835℃であるときにはステップ902に進む。
12 排気管
13 排気処理触媒
50 熱、水素生成装置
51 供給通路
53 バーナー燃焼室
54 改質用触媒
Claims (7)
- 機関排気通路内に配置された排気処理触媒と、該排気処理触媒を暖機するために該排気処理触媒に熱のみ、又は熱および水素を供給可能な熱、水素生成装置とを具備しており、該熱、水素生成装置が、燃料および空気の燃焼ガスが送り込まれる改質用触媒を備えており、該熱、水素生成装置では、改質用触媒による燃料の改質作用が可能になったときには、部分酸化反応を行わせることにより熱および水素が生成され、燃料をリーン空燃比のもとで燃焼させることにより熱が生成される内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、該排気処理触媒が被毒しておらずかつ熱劣化していないときに該熱、水素生成装置から供給される熱および水素により該排気処理触媒の温度を予め定められた温度上昇量だけ上昇させるのに必要な該熱、水素生成装置への供給燃料量が、基準供給燃料量として排気ガス量の関数の形で予め記憶されており、排気ガス量に応じた該基準供給燃料量の燃料を該熱、水素生成装置に供給したときに該排気処理触媒の温度が、該予め定められた温度上昇量まで達しなかったときには、該排気処理触媒の被毒回復処理が行われる内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 該改質用触媒の温度の下流側端面の温度が、部分酸化改質反応が行われたときの平衡反応温度に対し、予め定められた範囲内にあり、該排気処理触媒の温度が活性化温度以上であるときに、該排気処理触媒の温度が、該予め定められた温度上昇量まで達するか否かを判別するために、排気ガス量に応じた該基準供給燃料量の燃料が該熱、水素生成装置に供給される請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 該排気処理触媒の被毒回復処理が行われた後、該改質用触媒の温度の下流側端面の温度が、部分酸化改質反応が行われたときの平衡反応温度に対し、予め定められた範囲内にあり、かつ該排気処理触媒の温度が活性化温度以上であるときに、再度、排気ガス量に応じた該基準供給燃料量の燃料が該熱、水素生成装置に供給される請求項2に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 該排気処理触媒の被毒回復処理がHCの被毒回復処理であるときには、該熱、水素生成装置において燃料をリーン空燃比のもとで燃焼させる請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 該排気処理触媒の被毒回復処理が酸素の被毒回復処理であるときには、該熱、水素生成装置において燃料をリッチ空燃比のもとで燃焼させる請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 該排気処理触媒の被毒回復処理が硫黄の被毒回復処理であるときには、該排気処理触媒からSOXを放出させるためのSOX放出制御が行われる請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 該排気処理触媒の被毒回復処理が行われても被毒が回復しなかったときには、該排気処理触媒の暖機時に、該熱、水素生成装置から供給される熱量および水素量が増大される請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
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| US15/798,781 US10280856B2 (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2017-10-31 | Exhaust purification system of internal combustion engine |
| EP17203630.3A EP3339586B1 (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2017-11-24 | Exhaust purification system of internal combustion engine |
| CN201711421606.2A CN108240252B (zh) | 2016-12-26 | 2017-12-25 | 内燃机的排气净化装置 |
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| JP2002235594A (ja) * | 2001-02-08 | 2002-08-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| JP2005125257A (ja) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-05-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | 改質触媒の被毒再生方法及び被毒再生装置 |
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| JP2010270664A (ja) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-12-02 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の排気浄化システム |
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| US20070079605A1 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-12 | Eaton Corporation | Exhaust aftertreatment system with transmission control |
| US7861517B2 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2011-01-04 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for controlling catalyst temperature |
| US8007404B2 (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2011-08-30 | Eaton Corporation | Transmission shift signal for aftertreatment device control |
| JP2011062663A (ja) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Environmental & Chemical Engineering Co Ltd | 排ガス処理方法 |
| CN103477056B (zh) * | 2011-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 内燃机的燃料喷射控制系统 |
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| JP2002235594A (ja) * | 2001-02-08 | 2002-08-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| JP2005125257A (ja) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-05-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | 改質触媒の被毒再生方法及び被毒再生装置 |
| JP2008298000A (ja) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料改質システム及び燃料改質方法 |
| JP2010270664A (ja) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-12-02 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の排気浄化システム |
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| US10280856B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 |
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