JP2018192536A - Cutting-liquid supply recovery system of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

There is provided a cutting fluid supply and recovery device for a machine tool in which there is no flow path branched into a recovery path to an ejector, no pressure loss occurs, and the suction force of the ejector does not decrease. A cutting fluid supply and recovery device 2 of a machine tool is provided with a flow path switching valve 5 in the middle of a cutting fluid main flow path 4 provided between a main shaft 12 and a cutting fluid supply source 3. The flow path switching valve 5 has first to fourth ports 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d, and supplies the cutting fluid by communicating the first port 5a and the second port 5b when machining a workpiece. The first flow path configuration for supplying the cutting fluid from the source 3 to the workpiece machining area, the first port 5a and the third port 5c communicating with each other when the workpiece is not machined, and the second port 5b and the fourth port Switching between the second flow path configuration in which the cutting fluid remaining in the cutting fluid circulation hole 15 inside the spindle 12 and the tool holder 14 is sucked and collected by the ejector 7 by communicating with 5d. It has become. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

 The present invention relates to a cutting fluid supply and recovery device for a machine tool such as a machining center.

  As a conventional machine tool, it is known that a cutting fluid circulation hole is provided so as to penetrate the spindle and the tool holder from the rear portion of the spindle to the tip direction, and the cutting fluid is ejected through the cutting fluid circulation hole by a through spindle method. (See Patent Document 1 below).

  Machine tools equipped with a through-spindle type cutting fluid supply and recovery device stop the supply of cutting fluid and discharge the cutting fluid remaining on the spindle and tool holder when not working or when changing tools. doing.

  However, when the tool is changed by the automatic tool changer, the cutting fluid flow hole is divided between the spindle and the tool holder when the tool holder is removed from the tip of the spindle. The cutting fluid remaining in the cutting fluid circulation hole was leaking. When the cutting fluid leaks out, there is a possibility that a problem may occur due to biting by fine chips mixed with the cutting fluid.

  Therefore, a conventional cutting fluid supply / recovery device for a machine tool is provided with an ejector connected to the leading end of the branching channel, where a branching channel is branched from the cutting fluid main channel for supplying the cutting fluid to the cutting fluid circulation hole. Cutting fluid remaining in the cutting fluid circulation holes of the spindle and the tool holder is sucked and collected.

Japanese Patent No. 2965468

  In the conventional cutting fluid supply and recovery apparatus for machine tools, the cutting fluid remaining in the cutting fluid circulation hole passes through the branch flow path, so that pressure loss occurs at the branch point and the force for sucking the cutting fluid is reduced. When the suction force decreases, it becomes difficult to sufficiently suck and collect the cutting fluid.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting fluid supply and recovery device for a machine tool in which there is no flow path branched into a recovery path to the ejector, no pressure loss occurs, and the suction force of the ejector does not decrease.

In the cutting fluid supply and recovery device for a machine tool according to the present invention, the cutting fluid supplied through the cutting fluid main flow path from the cutting fluid supply source circulates through the cutting fluid circulation hole formed in the spindle and the tool holder. And is discharged from the tip of the tool toward the workpiece machining area, and a flow path switching valve is provided in the middle of the cutting fluid main flow path,
The flow path switching valve has first to fourth ports, the tip of the cutting fluid main flow path on the primary side of the flow path switching valve is connected to the first port, and the second port is connected to the first port. The secondary end of the cutting fluid main flow path on the secondary side of the flow path switching valve is connected, and the cutting fluid substream that supplies the cutting fluid from the cutting fluid supply source to a supply destination other than the workpiece machining area is connected to the third port. The base end of the path is connected, and the fourth port is connected to the base end of the cutting fluid suction flow path whose tip is connected to the suction port of the ejector provided in the middle of the cutting fluid sub-flow path,
By this flow path switching valve, a first flow path configuration in which the first port and the second port are communicated with each other at the time of workpiece machining to supply the cutting fluid from the cutting fluid supply source to the workpiece machining region, and workpiece non-machining Sometimes the first port and the third port are communicated with each other, and the second port and the fourth port are communicated to suck the cutting fluid remaining in the cutting fluid circulation holes inside the spindle and the tool holder with the ejector. Switching between the second flow path form to be collected is performed.

  In this invention, it is preferable that the front-end | tip of the cutting fluid subflow path is connected to the chip washing nozzle installed in the workpiece | work processing chamber.

  In this way, a special power unit is not required, and the cutting fluid sucked from the spindle and the tool holder via the ejector and the cutting fluid supplied to the ejector from the pump can be used for chip cleaning in the workpiece machining chamber. it can.

  In this invention, it is preferable that the tip of the cutting fluid sub-flow path is connected to a cutting fluid return port provided in the cutting fluid supply source.

  If it does in this way, the cutting fluid attracted | sucked from the main shaft and the tool holder via the ejector and the cutting fluid supplied to the ejector from the pump will be collect | recovered by a cutting fluid supply source, and cutting fluid can be reused.

  According to the cutting fluid supply and recovery device for a machine tool of the present invention, the cutting fluid supplied through the cutting fluid main flow path from the cutting fluid supply source passes through the cutting fluid circulation holes formed in the main shaft and the tool holder. The cutting fluid is distributed and discharged from the tip of the tool toward the workpiece machining area, and the cutting fluid supplied from the cutting fluid supply source through the cutting fluid main flow path enters the spindle and the tool holder. It flows through the formed cutting fluid circulation hole and is discharged from the tip of the tool toward the workpiece machining area. By this flow path switching valve, the first port and the second port during workpiece machining. The first flow path configuration for supplying the cutting fluid from the cutting fluid supply source to the workpiece machining area, the first port and the third port communicating with each other when the workpiece is not machined, and the second port Communicating with the 4th port Since the cutting fluid remaining in the cutting fluid circulation holes inside the shaft and the tool holder is switched by the ejector to the second flow path configuration in which the cutting fluid is sucked and collected, from the main shaft to the ejector. There is no flow path that branches into each of the flow paths, no pressure loss occurs in each flow path, and a decrease in the suction force of the ejector can be prevented.

  Further, according to the cutting fluid supply / recovery device for a machine tool of the present invention, since the flow path switching valves can be integrated into one, the number of parts is larger than that of the cutting fluid supply / recovery device for a machine tool in Patent Document 1 described above. Can be reduced.

1 is a schematic view of a cutting fluid supply / recovery device for a machine tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic which shows the state by which the flow path was switched by the flow path switching valve shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a principle diagram of the ejector shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. It is the schematic of the cutting fluid supply collection | recovery apparatus of the machine tool in 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration in which the flow path switching valve makes the cutting fluid supply source and the spindle device communicate with each other. FIG. 2 shows a configuration in which the flow path switching valve makes the cutting fluid supply source and the ejector communicate with each other. FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the ejector used in the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a configuration in which the cutting fluid flowing out from the ejector is returned to the cutting fluid supply source.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the machine tool includes a spindle device (1) and a cutting fluid supply / recovery device (2) that supplies and recovers the cutting fluid to the spindle device (1).

  The spindle device (1) has a housing (11) having a cylindrical hollow portion. In the hollow portion of the housing (11), a spindle (12) having a tapered tool holder mounting hole at the tip is rotatably supported via a bearing (13), and a cutting tool is placed in the tool holder mounting hole. The attached tool holder (14) is mounted.

  A cutting fluid circulation hole (15) is provided in the main shaft (12) and the tool holder (14) in order to discharge the cutting fluid from the tip of the tool toward the workpiece machining area.

  The cutting fluid supply and recovery device (2) includes a cutting fluid supply source (3) for storing cutting fluid, and a cutting fluid main flow provided between the cutting fluid supply source (3) and the rear end of the spindle device (1). A channel switching valve (5) that is provided in the middle of the channel (4) and the cutting fluid main channel (4) and switches the channel to either the machining area of the workpiece or a supply destination other than the machining area, and other than the machining area The cutting fluid sub-channel (6) for supplying the cutting fluid to the supply destination, and the cutting fluid circulation passage (15) in the spindle device (1) provided in the middle of the cutting fluid sub-channel (6) by the negative pressure And an ejector (7) for sucking the cutting fluid.

  In the cutting fluid main channel (4), the side connected between the channel switching valve (5) and the cutting fluid supply source (3) is called the primary cutting fluid main channel (4). The side connected between the switching valve (5) and the main shaft (12) is referred to as a secondary cutting fluid main flow path (4).

  The cutting fluid supply source (3) includes a cutting fluid tank (31) and a pump (32). The suction port of the pump (32) is connected to the cutting fluid tank (31) through a pipe line. The base end of the primary cutting fluid main channel (4) is connected to the outlet of the pump (32). When the cutting fluid sucked by the pump (32) from the cutting fluid tank (31) is supplied to the workpiece machining area, the spindle (12) is connected via the flow path switching valve (5) as shown in FIG. In the case of supplying to a supply destination (work processing chamber in this embodiment) other than the work processing region, the flow path switching valve (5) is provided as shown in FIG. And is supplied to an ejector (7) provided in the middle of the cutting fluid sub-channel (6).

  The ejector (7) is a generally well-known fluid discharge device. The ejector (7) ejects a first fluid from an ejection nozzle (71) formed in the ejector (7) at a high speed, and negative pressure is generated by the entrainment action of the jet. The device has a function of generating and sucking and discharging the second fluid by this negative pressure.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the ejector (7) is formed in a hollow shape, and a supply port (7a) to which cutting fluid is supplied from a cutting fluid supply source (3) via a flow path switching valve (5); A suction port (7b) that sucks the cutting fluid remaining in the cutting fluid circulation hole (15) and an outflow port (7c) through which the cutting fluid in the ejector (7) flows out are provided.

  A cutting fluid sub-flow passage (6) extending from the flow passage switching valve (5) is connected to the supply port (7a).

  The supply port (7a) communicates with an ejection nozzle (71) formed in the ejector (7). The ejection nozzle (71) is formed so that the cutting fluid supplied at a predetermined pressure to the supply port (7a) is ejected in a high-speed jet toward the outflow port (7c).

  The suction port (7b) is formed on the side surface close to the supply port (7a) from the tip of the ejection nozzle (71).

  Between the ejector (7) and the flow path switching valve (5), the cutting fluid in which the cutting fluid in the cutting fluid circulation hole (15) flows through the flow path switching valve (5) by suction of the ejector (7). The suction channel (8) is connected, and the tip of the cutting fluid suction channel (8) is connected to the suction port (7b).

  The tip of the cutting fluid sub-channel (6) is connected to the chip cleaning nozzle (9) installed in the workpiece processing chamber, and the tip is connected to the chip cleaning nozzle (9) at the outflow port (7c). The connected cutting fluid subchannel (6) is connected.

  The flow path switching valve (5) is a solenoid type solenoid valve that switches the flow path direction, and has first to fourth ports (5a), (5b), (5c), and (5d).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the flow path switching valve (5) is in a state in which the flow path switching valve (5) is excited during workpiece machining, and the first port (5a) and the second port (5b) Are connected to each other, and the first flow path configuration in which the third port (5c) and the fourth port (5d) are blocked from each other, as shown in FIG. The path switching valve (5) is demagnetized so that the first port (5a) and the third port (5c) communicate with each other, and the second port (5b) and the fourth port (5d) communicate with each other. Switching to the second flow path configuration is performed.

  The flow path switching valve (5) is connected to a control device (not shown), and the flow path is switched by the control device.

  The first port (5a) is connected to the leading end of the cutting fluid main flow path (4) on the primary side of the flow path switching valve (5), and the second port (5b) is connected to the flow path switching valve (5a). The base end of the secondary cutting fluid main flow path (4) of 5) is connected.

  The third port (5c) is connected to the base end of the cutting fluid sub-channel (6), and the fourth port (5d) is connected to the base end of the cutting fluid suction channel (8). Yes.

  The base end of the cutting fluid main flow path (4) on the primary side of the flow path switching valve (5) is connected to the outlet of the pump (32).

  The tip of the cutting fluid main channel (4) on the secondary side of the channel switching valve (5) is connected to the rear end of the cutting fluid circulation hole (15) of the main shaft (12) via a rotary joint (not shown). Has been. The cutting fluid supplied from the cutting fluid supply source (3) flows from the rear end to the tip of the cutting fluid circulation hole (15), and is ejected from the tip of the tool to the workpiece machining area.

  The cutting fluid sub-channel (6) connected to the third port (5c) is connected to the supply port (7a) of the ejector (7).

  Next, the operation of the cutting fluid supply / recovery device (2) for the machine tool according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1, when the machine tool cuts a workpiece, the flow path switching valve (5) is excited and the first port (5a) communicates with the second port (5b). It becomes the 1st flow path form to do. As a result, the cutting fluid in the cutting fluid tank (31) is supplied to the cutting fluid main channel (4) and the first and second ports (5a) and (5b) of the channel switching valve (5) by the pump (32). To the cutting fluid circulation hole (15) of the main shaft (12). The high-pressure cutting fluid supplied to the cutting fluid flow hole (15) passes through the spindle (12) and the tool holder (14) and is ejected toward the workpiece machining area.

  When the predetermined machining process is completed, the rotation of the spindle (12) is stopped and the machine tool starts the tool changing operation.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the flow path switching valve (5) is demagnetized so that the first port (5a) and the third port (5c) communicate with each other and the second port (5b) and the second port (5b) communicate with each other. It becomes the 2nd channel form which 4 ports (5d) communicate. As a result, the outlet of the pump (32) is connected to the cutting fluid main flow path (4) on the primary side of the flow path switching valve (5) and the first and third ports (5a) of the flow path switching valve (5). 5c) and the cutting fluid sub-flow channel (6) communicated with the supply port (7a) of the ejector (7), and the cutting fluid circulation hole (15) of the main shaft (12) is connected to the flow switching valve (5). Ejector (7) via the cutting fluid main channel (4) on the secondary side, the second and fourth ports (5b) (5d) of the channel switching valve (5) and the cutting fluid suction channel (8) To the suction port (7b).

  When cutting fluid is supplied from the pump (32) to the supply port (7a) of the ejector (7) via the first and third ports (5a) and (5c) of the flow path switching valve (5), the ejector ( A negative pressure is generated by the high-speed cutting fluid ejected from the ejection nozzle (71) of 7), and the pressure of the suction port (7b) decreases below the atmospheric pressure. At substantially the same time, the cutting fluid remaining in the cutting fluid circulation hole (15) of the spindle (12) and the tool holder (14) is transferred to the second and fourth ports (5b) ( The cutting fluid is sucked into the ejector (7) from the suction port (7b) through the suction port (5d) and supplied from the supply port (7a) to the ejector (7), along with the cutting fluid from the outlet port (7c) of the ejector (7). leak.

  The suction of the cutting fluid is continued for a predetermined time, and the cutting fluid remaining in the cutting fluid circulation hole (15) of the spindle (12) and the tool holder (14) is removed, and then the pump (32 ) Is stopped. When the operation of the pump (32) is stopped, the cutting fluid is not supplied to the supply port (7a) of the ejector (7), so the suction operation of the cutting fluid by the ejector (7) is also stopped.

  Cutting fluid leaks from the cutting fluid circulation hole (15) when the cutting fluid remains in the cutting fluid circulation hole (15) when the tool holder (14) is removed from the spindle (12) or the tool is replaced. Therefore, after the cutting fluid is removed from the cutting fluid circulation hole (15), the cutting fluid does not leak out by removing the tool holder (14) or replacing the tool.

  Further, in the cutting fluid supply and recovery apparatus for machine tools described in Patent Document 1, a flow path toward the ejector (7) is branched into a flow path between the main shaft (12) and the flow path switching valve (5). Is provided. Therefore, the suction force of the ejector (7) decreases due to the pressure loss.

  However, in the cutting fluid supply and recovery device (2) of the machine tool of the present invention, there is no flow path branched from the main shaft (12) to the flow path switching valve (5), and the main shaft (12) to the ejector (7). Since there is no direct pressure, there is no pressure loss and there is no possibility that the suction force will decrease.

  The cutting fluid supply / recovery device for machine tools described in Patent Document 1 uses a plurality of valves. However, the cutting fluid supply / recovery device (2) for machine tools according to the present invention consolidates the valves into one. As a result, the number of parts can be reduced.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tip of the cutting fluid sub-channel (6) extending from the outflow port (7c) of the ejector (7) is connected to the chip cleaning nozzle (9) installed in the workpiece processing chamber. The cutting fluid sucked from the cutting fluid flow hole (15) of the spindle (12) and tool holder (14) and the cutting fluid supplied to the ejector (7) from the pump (32) Can be used.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, as a second embodiment of the present invention, the tip of the cutting fluid sub-channel (6) extending from the outflow port (7c) of the ejector (7) is formed in the cutting fluid tank (31). The cutting fluid return port (31a) extends. Except that the tip of the cutting fluid sub-channel (6) extends to the cutting fluid return port (31a) of the cutting fluid tank (31), it is the same as the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. Therefore, the same components as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  When the tip of the cutting fluid sub-channel (6) extending from the outflow port (7c) extends to the cutting fluid return port (31a) of the cutting fluid tank (31), the spindle (12) and The cutting fluid sucked from the tool holder (14) and the cutting fluid supplied from the pump (32) to the ejector (7) can be collected in the cutting fluid tank (31) and reused.

(2) ... Cutting fluid supply and recovery device (3) ... Cutting fluid supply source (4) ... Cutting fluid main flow path (5) ... Flow path switching valve (5a) ... First Port (5b) ... Second port (5c) ... Third port (5d) ... Fourth port (6) ... Cutting fluid subflow path (7) ... Ejector ( 7b) ... suction port (8) ... cutting fluid suction flow path (12) ... main shaft (14) ... tool holder (15) ... cutting fluid flow hole

Claims (3)

The cutting fluid supplied through the cutting fluid main flow path from the cutting fluid supply source flows through the cutting fluid circulation holes formed in the spindle and tool holder, and is discharged from the tip of the tool toward the workpiece machining area. Has been made,
A flow path switching valve is provided in the middle of the cutting fluid main flow path,
The flow path switching valve has first to fourth ports, the tip of the cutting fluid main flow path on the primary side of the flow path switching valve is connected to the first port, and the second port is connected to the first port. The secondary end of the cutting fluid main flow path on the secondary side of the flow path switching valve is connected, and the cutting fluid substream that supplies the cutting fluid from the cutting fluid supply source to a supply destination other than the workpiece machining area is connected to the third port. The base end of the path is connected, and the fourth port is connected to the base end of the cutting fluid suction flow path whose tip is connected to the suction port of the ejector provided in the middle of the cutting fluid sub-flow path,
By this flow path switching valve, a first flow path configuration in which the first port and the second port are communicated with each other at the time of workpiece machining to supply the cutting fluid from the cutting fluid supply source to the workpiece machining region, and workpiece non-machining Sometimes the first port and the third port are communicated with each other, and the second port and the fourth port are communicated to suck the cutting fluid remaining in the cutting fluid circulation holes inside the spindle and the tool holder with the ejector. A cutting fluid supply / recovery device for a machine tool, which is configured to be switched between a second flow path configuration to be recovered.
The cutting fluid supply / recovery device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a tip of the cutting fluid sub-flow path is connected to a chip cleaning nozzle installed in the workpiece processing chamber.
The cutting fluid supply / recovery device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a leading end of the cutting fluid sub-flow path is connected to a cutting fluid return port provided in a cutting fluid supply source.

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