JP2019131188A - Skin material for vehicle interior, manufacturing method of the same, and vehicle seat - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a skin material for vehicle interiors which suppresses the occurrence of wrinkles on the surface and which can cover a three-dimensional object with an excellent appearance. [Solution] A skin material for vehicle interior using natural leather or synthetic leather, having a shear rigidity value of 20 [gf/(cm.degree)] or more and 56 [gf/(cm.degree)] or less, bending rigidity The value is 1.6 [gf·cm 2 /cm] or more and 2.5 [gf·cm 2 /cm] or less, and the tensile strain is 7.5 [%] or more and 10 [%] or less. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the surface and cover a three-dimensional object with an excellent appearance. [Selection drawing] Fig. 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle interior skin material used as a vehicle seat or other vehicle interior skin.

As skin materials for vehicle interiors, genuine leather, artificial leather, cloth, etc. are often used.
In Patent Document 1, as a vehicle interior skin material, a skin material made of a woven fabric and a backing material made of a polyurethane foam sheet laminated on the back surface thereof are provided, and both weight reduction and durability are defined by defining the fineness of the woven fabric. The improvement was realized.

JP 2013-220593 A

Since the above-described conventional skin material for vehicle interior uses a woven fabric on its surface, its characteristics can be adjusted relatively easily depending on the type of yarn, weaving method, weaving density, and the like.
On the other hand, when genuine leather or artificial leather is used as a vehicle interior skin material, a visually good finish is required when covering the surface according to the three-dimensional shape required for the vehicle interior, Since it is not easy to adjust various properties as in the case of woven fabrics, it has been difficult to meet the requirements.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle interior material that can cover a three-dimensional object in an excellent appearance.

The invention described in claim 1
A skin material for vehicle interior using natural leather or synthetic leather,
Shear stiffness value is 20 [gf / (cm · degree)] or more and 56 [gf / (cm · degree)] or less,
Flexural rigidity is 1.6 [gf · cm ² / cm] or more and 2.5 [gf · cm ² / cm] or less,
It is characterized by satisfying all the conditions that the tensile strain is 7.5 [%] or more and 10 [%] or less.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle interior skin material of the first aspect,
The synthetic leather has a foamed layer of polyvinyl chloride.

The invention described in claim 3 is the vehicle interior skin material according to claim 1 or 2,
The synthetic leather has a top layer of polyvinyl chloride on the surface side.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle interior skin material according to any one of the first to third aspects,
The synthetic leather has a base fabric on the back side.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the occurrence of wrinkles is suppressed and the three-dimensional structure is excellent in appearance by setting all of the three characteristics of the shear stiffness value, the flexural stiffness value, and the tensile strain within the above-described numerical range. It is possible to provide a vehicle interior skin material capable of covering the surface of a typical object.

  In the invention according to claim 2, since the synthetic leather has a polyvinyl chloride foam layer, it is possible to adjust the shear rigidity value and the bending rigidity value within an appropriate range by appropriately adjusting the expansion ratio. .

  In the invention according to claim 3, since the synthetic leather has a polyvinyl chloride top layer on the surface side, the surface of the synthetic leather is protected, and processing such as decoration on the appearance is facilitated, and durability and decoration are improved. Is possible.

  In the invention according to claim 4, since the synthetic leather has the base fabric on the back side, the tensile strain can be adjusted within an appropriate range according to the characteristics of the base fabric.

It is sectional drawing of the skin material for vehicle interior using the synthetic leather as this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the measuring method of the tensile distortion of the skin material for vehicle interior. It is explanatory drawing of the measuring method of the shear rigidity value of the skin material for vehicle interior. It is explanatory drawing of the measuring method of the bending rigidity value of the skin material for vehicle interior. It is a graph which shows the comparative test result of the skin material for vehicle interior.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, although various technically preferable limitations for implementing the present invention are given to the embodiments described below, the scope of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle interior skin material 10 using synthetic leather as the present embodiment.
As shown in the figure, a vehicle interior skin material 10 is formed on a base fabric 1 serving as a backing, a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) foam layer 2 formed on the base fabric 1, and a foam layer 2. It has a three-layer structure composed of a PVC top layer 3 which is the outer surface.
The vehicle interior skin material 10 is used, for example, as a coating material on the surface of a vehicle seat or as an interior skin material in a vehicle, and in use, the top layer 3 is directed to the surface side.

The base fabric 1 is formed by double-sided knitting with polyester yarn. The thickness of the base fabric 1 is 0.3 [mm], 1 compared to the overall thickness 1.1 [mm] of the vehicle interior skin material 10. The weight per square meter is 100 [g].
The foam layer 2 is formed by performing a foaming process using PVC to which a plasticizer is added as a raw material.
The top layer 3 is made of PVC to which a plasticizer is added as a raw material, and is not foamed.

  The skin material 10 for vehicle interior includes natural leather in addition to the above synthetic leather, but these leathers have numerical ranges in which three characteristics of shear rigidity value, bending rigidity value, and tensile strain are defined respectively. When inside, the vehicle interior skin material 10 covering the surface of the three-dimensional shape smoothly follows the curved surface of the three-dimensional surface, deforms and adheres, and the generation of wrinkles and the like is suppressed.

Here, a method of measuring each characteristic value will be described. In the following description, a case will be described in which the vehicle interior skin material 10 made of synthetic leather is used as a sample, but in the case of natural leather, measurement is performed in exactly the same manner.
In addition, the following measurement method is based on the description published by Kiyo Kawabata “Standardization and Analysis of Texture Evaluation (2nd Edition)”, Texture Measurement and Standardization Study Group, Japan Textile Machinery Society. Since it is premised on the texture evaluation of the fabric, the dimensions of the sample are corrected when measuring leather.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the tensile strain is such that the both ends of the sample having a belt-like shape having a width of 20 [cm] are sandwiched between chucks C and C, respectively. At this time, a clearance of 5 [cm] is secured between the chuck C and the chuck C, and the length of the vehicle interior skin material 10 in the range of 20 [cm] wide and 5 [cm] long is the length. Measure the tensile strain that occurs in the direction.
One of the two chucks C and C is fixed, and a tensile load F is applied in a direction in which the other is separated from the other (a direction parallel to the plane of the vehicle interior skin material 10 and perpendicular to the width direction). That is, in FIG. 2, the lower chuck C is fixed, and the upper chuck C moves upward. The tensile load F is applied while gradually increasing from 0 to a maximum of 500 [gf / cm], and the strain rate is maintained at 4.00 × 10 ⁻³ / sec.
Then, the amount of strain in the tensile direction when the maximum tensile load reaches 500 [gf / cm] is measured, and the value calculated as a percentage of the original length is defined as tensile strain ε _m .

As in the case of FIG. 2, the shear rigidity value of the sample of the vehicle interior skin material 10 having the same width 20 [cm] as the tensile strain is secured at both ends with chucks C and C with a clearance of 5 [cm]. Hold it. And as shown in FIG. 3, with respect to the two chucks C and C, one is separated from the other (in a direction parallel to the plane of the vehicle interior skin material 10 and perpendicular to the width direction). While applying a constant tensile load W (= 10 [gf / cm]), a shear load F _S is applied in the width direction so as to keep the shear shear rate at 0.417 [mm / sec], and the load F _S and the vehicle interior are used. A change in the shear angle φ [° (degree)] generated in the skin material 10 is measured.
A curve indicating the relationship between the shear angle φ based on the measurement and the shear load F _S is drawn with the horizontal axis representing the shear angle φ and the vertical axis representing the shear load F _S. Furthermore, the point of the shear angle φ = 0.5 [° (degree)] and the point of the shear angle φ = 5 [° (degree)] on the curve are connected by a straight line, and the slope of the straight line is defined as the shear stiffness value G. calculate.

As shown in FIG. 4, the bending rigidity value is obtained by holding both ends in the width direction of the vehicle interior skin material 10 having a width of 4 [cm] and a length of 20 [cm] over the entire length. A bending moment M is applied by rotating in reverse directions around the rotation axis along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle interior skin material 10, and a pure bending with a constant velocity curvature is performed with a deformation speed of 0.5 [cm ^-1 / sec]. . The bending direction at this time is a direction in which the top layer 3 side (surface side) of the vehicle interior skin material 10 is convex.
Then, changes in the curvature K [cm ⁻¹ ] and the bending moment M [gf · cm / cm] at this time are measured, the horizontal axis is the curvature K [cm ⁻¹ ], and the vertical axis is the bending moment M [gf · cm. / cm], a curve showing the relationship between the curvature K based on the side hand and the bending moment M is drawn. Furthermore, the point of curvature 0.5 [cm ⁻¹ ] and the point of 5 [cm ⁻¹ ] on the curve are connected to a straight line, and the inclination of the straight line is calculated as a bending stiffness value B per unit length.

Suitable numerical ranges in the three characteristics of the shear stiffness value, the flexural stiffness value, and the tensile strain obtained by the measurement method are as follows.
Shear stiffness value: 20 [gf / (cm · degree)] or more and 56 [gf / (cm · degree)] or less Bending stiffness value: 1.6 [gf · cm ² / cm] or more and 2.5 [gf · cm ² / cm] or less Tensile strain: 7.5 [%] or more and 10 [%] or less

  When the shear rigidity value, the bending rigidity value, and the tensile strain are all within the above-specified numerical ranges, the vehicle interior skin material 10 using synthetic leather is deformed following the curved surface of the three-dimensional surface. The three-dimensional shape can be covered in a state in which the generation of wrinkles is sufficiently reduced. Note that not only synthetic leather but also vehicle interior skin materials made of natural leather can cover a three-dimensional shape by sufficiently reducing wrinkles following a three-dimensional curved surface under the same numerical range conditions.

In the vehicle interior skin material 10 using synthetic leather, regarding the shear rigidity value and the bending rigidity value, these characteristic values can be adjusted according to the expansion ratio of PVC of the foam layer 2. That is, when the foaming ratio is adjusted to be high, the foamed layer 2 becomes sparse and the shear rigidity value becomes low. However, since the foamed layer 2 becomes thick, the bending rigidity value becomes high. When the expansion ratio is adjusted to be low, the foam layer 2 becomes dense and the shear rigidity value becomes high, but the foam layer 2 becomes thin and the bending rigidity value becomes low.
Further, the tensile strain can be adjusted by the type of yarn of the base fabric 1, the thickness of the yarn, the method of knitting the yarn, the density, and the like.

  Further, the vehicle interior skin material 10 using natural leather has a shear rigidity value, a bending rigidity value, and a tensile strain depending on selection of the type of tanning such as chrome tanning and tanning tanning and various conditions when tanning. Adjustments can be made.

Next, examples 1 to 3 of the vehicle interior skin material 10 in which all three characteristics of the shear rigidity value, the bending rigidity value, and the tensile strain are in a preferable numerical range are out of the preferable numerical range for some or all of the characteristics. FIG. 5 shows the results of comparative tests with Comparative Examples 1 to 8 of the vehicle interior skin material.
In this comparative test, an appearance evaluation was performed when the surface of the vehicle seat was covered with the vehicle interior skin material of each example and each comparative example. Appearance evaluation was performed in three stages according to the number of wrinkles generated at the boundary between the front surface or the rear surface and the side surface of the vehicle seat. That is, the smaller the number of wrinkles generated, the better the vehicle interior skin material. In FIG. 5, the case where no wrinkles occurred is indicated by “◯”, and the case where wrinkles occurred is indicated by “X”.
In addition, when each characteristic value described in FIG. 5 is within the above-described preferable numerical value range, “◯” is written in parentheses next to the numerical value, and when it is outside the above-described preferable numerical value range. Followed by a “x” in parentheses next to the number.

Example 1 is a synthetic leather having a three-layer structure composed of the base fabric 1, the PVC foam layer 2 and the PVC top layer 3, and has a shear rigidity value of 40 [gf / (cm · degree)] and a bending rigidity. It is a skin material 10 for vehicle interior that has a value of 2.4 [gf · cm ² / cm] and a tensile strain of 8.4 [%], both of which are within suitable numerical ranges.

Example 2 is natural leather, suitable for any of shear rigidity value: 37.6 [gf / (cm · degree)], flexural rigidity value: 1.6 [gf · cm ² / cm], and tensile strain: 8.8 [%]. It is the skin material 10 for vehicle interiors of the characteristic used in the numerical range.
In each example and each comparative example using natural leather, cow leather is used as natural leather.

Example 3 is natural leather, suitable for any of shear stiffness value: 41.8 [gf / (cm · degree)], bending stiffness value: 2.12 [gf · cm ² / cm], and tensile strain: 8.08 [%]. It is the skin material 10 for vehicle interiors of the characteristic used in the numerical range.

Comparative Example 1 is a three-layer structure composed of a base fabric, a PVC foam layer, and a PVC top layer, and is a synthetic leather in which various conditions of the base fabric and the foaming ratio of the foam layer are different from those in Example 1. Rigidity value: 36 [gf / (cm · degree)], bending stiffness value: 4 [gf · cm ² / cm], tensile strain: 6.2 [%], bending stiffness value and tensile strain are outside suitable numerical range It is a skin material for vehicle interiors with the following characteristics.

Comparative Example 2 is natural leather, shear stiffness value: 38.9 [gf / (cm · degree)], flexural stiffness value: 3.5 [gf · cm ² / cm], tensile strain: 5.3 [%], flexural stiffness It is a skin material for vehicle interior that has a value and a tensile strain that are outside the preferred numerical range.

Comparative Example 3 is natural leather, shear stiffness value: 35.7 [gf / (cm · degree)], flexural stiffness value: 1.15 [gf · cm ² / cm], tensile strain: 11.3 [%], flexural stiffness It is a skin material for vehicle interior that has a value and a tensile strain that are outside the preferred numerical range.

Comparative Example 4 is a synthetic leather having a three-layer structure comprising a base fabric, a thermoplastic urethane resin, and an adhesive layer between them. Shear stiffness value: 26 [gf / (cm · degree)], Bending stiffness value: 1.3 [gf · cm ² / cm], tensile strain: 9.3 [%], only a bending stiffness value is outside the preferred numerical range.

Comparative Example 5 is an artificial leather having a three-layer structure comprising a base fabric, a thermosetting urethane resin, and an adhesive layer between them, a shear rigidity value: 17.5 [gf / (cm · degree)], and a bending rigidity value: It is a skin material for vehicle interior that has a characteristic of 0.6 [gf · cm ² / cm], tensile strain: 7.6 [%], and a shear stiffness value and a bending stiffness value that are out of a suitable numerical range.

Comparative Example 6 is natural leather, shear stiffness value: 62.5 [gf / (cm · degree)], bending stiffness value: 4.9 [gf · cm ² / cm], tensile strain: 4 [%], all It is a skin material for vehicle interior that has a characteristic value that falls outside a suitable numerical range.

Comparative Example 7 is natural leather, shear stiffness value: 55.8 [gf / (cm · degree)], flexural stiffness value: 4 [gf · cm ² / cm], tensile strain: 5 [%], flexural stiffness It is a skin material for vehicle interior that has a value and a tensile strain that are outside the preferred numerical range.

Comparative Example 8 is natural leather, shear stiffness value: 32.5 [gf / (cm · degree)], bending stiffness value: 2.5 [gf · cm ² / cm], tensile strain: 7 [%], tensile strain Only the skin material for vehicle interior has characteristics that are outside the preferred numerical range.

Regarding Examples 1 to 3 of the vehicle interior skin material 10 in which the three values of the shear stiffness value, the flexural stiffness value, and the tensile strain are all in a suitable numerical range, regardless of whether the material is synthetic leather or natural leather, In addition, the vehicle seat as the object could be covered without wrinkles.
On the other hand, in the case of each of Comparative Examples 1 to 8 in which conditions for achieving a suitable numerical range for some or all of the three characteristics of shear rigidity value, bending rigidity value, and tensile strain are not established, synthetic leather and natural leather are used. Regardless of the case, wrinkles occurred when the vehicle seat as the object was covered.
In particular, in Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 8, two of the three characteristics are in a suitable numerical range, but the occurrence of wrinkles cannot be suppressed, and all three characteristics are in a suitable numerical range. Was confirmed to be essential.

  As described above, the vehicle interior skin material 10 in which the three characteristics of the shear stiffness value, the flexural stiffness value, and the tensile strain are all within the above-described preferred numerical range is the same for both synthetic leather and natural leather. It is possible to cover the surface of a three-dimensional object with an excellent appearance.

In addition, the vehicle interior skin material 10 made of synthetic leather has a PVC foam layer 2, so that the shear rigidity value and the bending rigidity value can be adjusted within appropriate ranges by appropriately adjusting the foaming ratio. It becomes.
Furthermore, the vehicle interior skin material 10 made of synthetic leather has a PVC top layer 3 on the surface side, so that the surface can be protected and the appearance can be easily processed to improve durability and decoration. It becomes possible to make it.
Moreover, since the vehicle interior skin material 10 made of synthetic leather has the base fabric 1 on the back surface side, the tensile strain can be adjusted within an appropriate range according to the characteristics of the base fabric 1.

[Others]
In the above-described embodiment, the covering of the vehicle seat is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the covering can be suitably performed even when used for a portion other than the seat in the vehicle.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base fabric 2 Foam layer 3 Top layer 10 Skin material for vehicle interior

The present invention relates to a vehicle interior skin material used as a vehicle interior or other vehicle interior skin , a manufacturing method thereof, and a vehicle seat .

An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle interior skin material , a manufacturing method thereof, and a vehicle seat that can coat a three-dimensional object in an excellent appearance.

The invention described in claim 1
A skin material for vehicle interior using natural leather or synthetic leather,
Shear stiffness value is 20 [gf / (cm · degree)] or more and 56 [gf / (cm · degree)] or less,
Flexural rigidity is 1.6 [gf · cm ² / cm] or more and 2.5 [gf · cm ² / cm] or less,
It is characterized by satisfying all the conditions that the tensile strain is 8.08 [%] or more and 8.8 [%] or less.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle interior skin material according to any one of the first to third aspects,
The synthetic leather has a base fabric on the back side.
The invention according to claim 5 is the skin material for vehicle interior according to claim 4,
The base fabric is formed by double-sided knitting with polyester yarn.
The invention described in claim 6
A skin material for vehicle interior using natural leather or synthetic leather,
Shear stiffness value is 20 [gf / (cm · degree)] or more and 56 [gf / (cm · degree)] or less,
Flexural rigidity is 1.6 [gf · cm ² / cm] or more and 2.5 [gf · cm ² / cm] or less,
Tensile strain is 8.08 [%] or more and 8.8 [%] or less
Meets all the conditions
The synthetic leather has a polyvinyl chloride foam layer and a polyvinyl chloride top layer disposed on the surface side,
The foam layer is formed by using a polyvinyl chloride to which a plasticizer is added as a raw material, and foaming is performed.
The top layer is made of polyvinyl chloride to which a plasticizer is added, and is not subjected to foaming.
The invention described in claim 7
A skin material for vehicle interior using natural leather or synthetic leather,
Shear rigidity value is 37.6 [gf / (cm · degree)] or more and 41.8 [gf / (cm · degree)] or less,
Flexural rigidity value is 2.12 [gf · cm ² / cm] or more and 2.4 [gf · cm ² / cm] or less,
Tensile strain is 8.4 [%] or more and 8.8 [%] or less
It is characterized by satisfying all the conditions.
The invention according to claim 8 is the vehicle seat,
A vehicle interior skin material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used as a skin.
The invention according to claim 9
It is a manufacturing method of the skin material for vehicle interior according to claim 5,
The tensile strain of the synthetic leather is adjusted by the type of yarn of the base fabric, the thickness of the yarn, the way of knitting the yarn, and the density.
The invention according to claim 10 is:
It is a manufacturing method of the skin material for vehicle interior according to claim 1,
The natural leather is characterized in that the shear rigidity value, the bending rigidity value, and the tensile strain are adjusted by selecting the type of tanning of chrome tanning and tanning tanning and various conditions when tanning.
The invention according to claim 11
Shear stiffness value is 20 [gf / (cm · degree)] or more and 56 [gf / (cm · degree)] or less,
Flexural rigidity is 1.6 [gf · cm ² / cm] or more and 2.5 [gf · cm ² / cm] or less,
Tensile strain is 8.08 [%] or more and 8.8 [%] or less
A method for producing a vehicle interior skin material using natural leather or synthetic leather that satisfies all of the following conditions:
In order to adjust the shear rigidity value and the bending rigidity value of the synthetic leather, when the foaming ratio of the polyvinyl chloride foam layer of the synthetic leather is increased, the thickness of the foam layer is increased, and the foam layer When the foaming ratio is reduced, the thickness of the foam layer is reduced.

The present invention suppresses the occurrence of wrinkles and provides a three-dimensional object with an excellent appearance by setting all three properties of the shear rigidity value, the bending rigidity value, and the tensile strain within the above-described numerical range. It is possible to provide a skin material for vehicle interior that can cover the surface of the vehicle.

Also, synthetic leather when it has a foam layer of polyvinyl chloride, by adjusting the expansion ratio appropriately, it is possible to adjust the shear stiffness value and flexural rigidity within the proper range.

In addition, when the synthetic leather has a polyvinyl chloride top layer on the surface side, it is possible to protect the surface and facilitate processing such as decoration on the appearance, thereby improving durability and decorativeness. .

Further, when the synthetic leather has a base fabric on the back side, it is possible to adjust the tensile strain in accordance with the characteristics of the base fabric within the proper range.

Claims (4)

A skin material for vehicle interior using natural leather or synthetic leather,
Shear stiffness value is 20 [gf / (cm · degree)] or more and 56 [gf / (cm · degree)] or less,
Flexural rigidity is 1.6 [gf · cm ² / cm] or more and 2.5 [gf · cm ² / cm] or less,
A vehicle interior skin material characterized by satisfying all the conditions of tensile strain of 7.5 [%] to 10 [%].   The skin material for vehicle interior according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic leather has a foamed layer of polyvinyl chloride.   The skin material for vehicle interior according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the synthetic leather has a top layer of polyvinyl chloride on the surface side.   4. The vehicle interior skin material according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic leather has a base fabric on a back surface side. 5.

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