JP2020132902A - Pre-alloyed steel powder for sintered member, powder for sintered member, and sintered member - Google Patents

Pre-alloyed steel powder for sintered member, powder for sintered member, and sintered member Download PDF

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JP2020132902A
JP2020132902A JP2019023697A JP2019023697A JP2020132902A JP 2020132902 A JP2020132902 A JP 2020132902A JP 2019023697 A JP2019023697 A JP 2019023697A JP 2019023697 A JP2019023697 A JP 2019023697A JP 2020132902 A JP2020132902 A JP 2020132902A
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powder
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sintered member
sintered
alloy steel
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康佑 芦塚
Kosuke Ashizuka
康佑 芦塚
小林 聡雄
Satoo Kobayashi
聡雄 小林
宇波 繁
Shigeru Unami
繁 宇波
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JFE Steel Corp
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Abstract

【課題】従来の粉末に比べて、さらに強度に優れた焼結部材を製造することができる焼結部材用予合金鋼粉を提供する。【解決手段】Cu:0.5〜5.0質量%、Mo:0.1〜0.5質量%、およびV:0.05〜0.5質量%を含み、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる焼結部材用予合金鋼粉。【選択図】なしKind Code: A1 A prealloyed steel powder for a sintered member is provided, which is capable of producing a sintered member having a higher strength than conventional powders. SOLUTION: Cu: 0.5 to 5.0% by mass, Mo: 0.1 to 0.5% by mass, and V: 0.05 to 0.5% by mass, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities A prealloyed steel powder for a sintered member, comprising: [Selection figure] None

Description

本発明は、焼結部材用予合金鋼粉に関し、特に、強度に優れた焼結部材を製造することができる焼結部材用予合金鋼粉に関する。また、本発明は、前記焼結部材用予合金鋼粉を含む焼結部材用粉末に関する。さらに本発明は、前記焼結部材用予合金鋼粉および焼結部材用粉末の少なくとも一方を原料として含む焼結部材に関する。 The present invention relates to a pre-alloy steel powder for a sintered member, and more particularly to a pre-alloy steel powder for a sintered member capable of producing a sintered member having excellent strength. The present invention also relates to a powder for a sintered member containing the pre-alloy steel powder for the sintered member. Further, the present invention relates to a sintered member containing at least one of the pre-alloy steel powder for the sintered member and the powder for the sintered member as a raw material.

粉末冶金法は、金属粉を金型内で加圧して成形体としたのち、焼結して機械部品等を製造する技術である。例えば、金属粉として鉄粉を用いる場合には、該鉄粉にCu粉、黒鉛粉等を混合し、成形、焼結を行い、焼結体とする。このような粉末冶金法を利用すれば、複雑な形状の機械部品を寸法精度良く製造することができる。そのため、粉末冶金法を用いて製造される焼結部材は、ギヤ等の自動車用部品として広く用いられている。 The powder metallurgy method is a technique for manufacturing machine parts and the like by pressurizing metal powder in a mold to form a molded product and then sintering it. For example, when iron powder is used as the metal powder, Cu powder, graphite powder, or the like is mixed with the iron powder, and molding and sintering are performed to obtain a sintered body. By using such a powder metallurgy method, it is possible to manufacture mechanical parts having a complicated shape with high dimensional accuracy. Therefore, sintered members manufactured by the powder metallurgy method are widely used as automobile parts such as gears.

近年では、部材の軽量化や小型化といった目的を達成するため、粉末冶金焼結体の高強度化が望まれており、高強度化を目的として様々な手法が提案されている。 In recent years, in order to achieve the objectives of weight reduction and miniaturization of members, it has been desired to increase the strength of the powder metallurgy sintered body, and various methods have been proposed for the purpose of increasing the strength.

例えば、特許文献1では、Nb、V、およびTiのうちから選んだ一種または二種以上を予合金化した鋼粉の表面に、Niおよび/またはCu粉末を拡散付着させた粉末冶金用混合粉末が提案されている。 For example, in Patent Document 1, a mixed powder for powder metallurgy in which Ni and / or Cu powder is diffused and adhered to the surface of steel powder in which one or more selected from Nb, V, and Ti are prealloyed. Has been proposed.

特許文献2では、Vを予合金化した鋼粉と、Cu粉および/またはNi粉とを含む粉末冶金用混合粉末が提案されている。 Patent Document 2 proposes a mixed powder for powder metallurgy containing a steel powder in which V is prealloyed and Cu powder and / or Ni powder.

特許文献3では、Wおよび/またはVを予合金化した鋼粉と、Cu粉および/またはNi粉とを含む粉末冶金用混合粉末が提案されている。 Patent Document 3 proposes a mixed powder for powder metallurgy containing steel powder obtained by prealloying W and / or V and Cu powder and / or Ni powder.

特許文献4では、Mo−V−Cu−Ni−Co−W系の予合金鋼粉に対して、Mo粉、Cu粉、Ni粉、Co粉およびW粉のうちの1種以上の金属粉末を配合または部分的に拡散付着した粉末冶金用粉末が提案されている。 In Patent Document 4, one or more metal powders of Mo powder, Cu powder, Ni powder, Co powder and W powder are used for Mo-V-Cu-Ni-Co-W-based prealloy steel powder. Powder metallurgy powders that have been formulated or partially diffused and adhered have been proposed.

特許文献5では、Cuを予合金化させた鋼粉の表面に、Cu粉を拡散付着させた粉末冶金用合金粉末が提案されている。 Patent Document 5 proposes an alloy powder for powder metallurgy in which Cu powder is diffused and adhered to the surface of steel powder in which Cu is prealloyed.

特許文献6ではMoを予合金化させた鋼粉の表面に、Cu粉末及びあるいはNi粉末を混合した粉末冶金用粉末が提案されている。 Patent Document 6 proposes a powder for powder metallurgy in which Cu powder and / or Ni powder are mixed on the surface of steel powder in which Mo is prealloyed.

特開2012−126972号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-126972 特表2012−520942号公報Special Table 2012-520942 特開2009−209410号公報JP-A-2009-209410 特開平08−049047号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 08-049047 国際公開第2016/092827号International Publication No. 2016/092827 特表2003−500538号公報Special Table 2003-500538 Gazette

特許文献1〜3で提案されている粉末冶金用粉末は、V等の元素を予合金化させた鋼粉(予合金鋼粉)を用いるものであり、V等の析出強化によって焼結体の強度を向上させることができる。また、Vの析出強化のみでは強度向上効果が限定的であるため、強度向上効果を有するCu粉等をさらに併用している。 The powder metallurgy powders proposed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 use steel powder (pre-alloyed steel powder) in which elements such as V are pre-alloyed, and the sintered body is made by strengthening the precipitation of V and the like. The strength can be improved. Further, since the strength improving effect is limited only by strengthening the precipitation of V, Cu powder or the like having a strength improving effect is further used in combination.

しかし、特許文献1〜3で提案されている方法では、Cu粉等を併用しているにもかかわらず、強度向上効果は限定的であり、さらなる焼結体強度の向上が求められている。 However, in the methods proposed in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the effect of improving the strength is limited even though Cu powder or the like is used in combination, and further improvement in the strength of the sintered body is required.

特許文献4で提案されている方法で得られる焼結部材は、マルテンサイトを主体とするミクロ組織を有するため、パーライトを主体とするミクロ組織を有する部材に比べて被削性に劣る。そのため、さらなる被削性の向上が求められている。 Since the sintered member obtained by the method proposed in Patent Document 4 has a microstructure mainly composed of martensite, it is inferior in machinability to a member having a microstructure mainly composed of pearlite. Therefore, further improvement in machinability is required.

特許文献5で提案されている粉末は、Cuのみを利用したものであるが、Cu単独の使用では強度向上が限定的であり、さらなる焼結体強度の向上が求められる。 The powder proposed in Patent Document 5 uses only Cu, but the strength improvement is limited when Cu alone is used, and further improvement in the sintered body strength is required.

特許文献6で提案されている粉末は、Moのみを予合金化して利用したものであるが、Mo予合金単独の使用では強度向上が限定的であり、さらなる焼結体強度の向上が求められる。 The powder proposed in Patent Document 6 is used by pre-alloying only Mo, but the strength improvement is limited by using the Mo pre-alloy alone, and further improvement in the strength of the sintered body is required. ..

本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、上記従来の粉末に比べて、さらに強度に優れた焼結部材を製造することができる焼結部材用予合金鋼粉と、該焼結部材用予合金鋼粉を原料として用いた焼結部材を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a pre-alloy steel powder for a sintered member capable of producing a sintered member having higher strength than the conventional powder, and the sintered. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sintered member using pre-alloy steel powder for a member as a raw material.

本発明の要旨構成は次のとおりである。 The gist structure of the present invention is as follows.

1.Cu:0.5〜5.0質量%、Mo:0.1〜0.5質量%、およびV:0.05〜0.5質量%を含み、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる焼結部材用予合金鋼粉。 1. 1. Sintering containing Cu: 0.5 to 5.0% by mass, Mo: 0.1 to 0.5% by mass, and V: 0.05 to 0.5% by mass, with the balance consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities. Pre-alloy steel powder for members.

2.上記1に記載の焼結部材用予合金鋼粉と、金属粉とからなる焼結部材用粉末であって、
前記金属粉が、前記焼結部材用粉末の全質量に対する割合で、4質量%以下のCu粉と4質量%以下のMo粉の一方または両方である、焼結部材用粉末。
2. 2. A powder for a sintered member composed of the pre-alloy steel powder for a sintered member and a metal powder according to 1 above.
A powder for a sintered member, wherein the metal powder is one or both of 4% by mass or less of Cu powder and 4% by mass or less of Mo powder in a ratio to the total mass of the sintered member powder.

3.上記1に記載の焼結部材予合金鋼粉および上記2に記載の焼結部材用粉末の少なくとも一方を原料として含む焼結部材。 3. 3. A sintered member containing at least one of the sintered member pre-alloy steel powder described in 1 above and the sintered member powder described in 2 above as raw materials.

本発明によれば、従来の焼結部材用粉末に比べてCu分布を均一化できるため、低い焼結温度でも焼結体中のCu分布を均一化することができ、その結果、焼結部材の強度を向上させることができる。また、Cu、MoおよびVの相互作用により、析出物がより微細に析出し、組織も微細化する。その結果、さらに強度に優れる焼結部材を、低コストで製造することができる。 According to the present invention, since the Cu distribution can be made uniform as compared with the conventional powder for a sintered member, the Cu distribution in the sintered body can be made uniform even at a low sintering temperature, and as a result, the sintered member can be made uniform. The strength of the can be improved. Further, due to the interaction of Cu, Mo and V, the precipitate is finely precipitated and the structure is also made fine. As a result, a sintered member having even higher strength can be manufactured at low cost.

以下、本発明を実施する方法を具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, a method for carrying out the present invention will be specifically described.

[焼結部材用予合金鋼粉]
本発明の一実施形態における焼結部材用予合金鋼粉(以下、単に「予合金鋼粉」という場合がある)は、Cu:0.5〜5質量%、Mo:0.1〜0.5質量%およびV:0.05〜0.5質量%を含み、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる焼結部材用予合金鋼粉である。Cu、MoおよびVの含有量を前記範囲に限定する理由は次のとおりである。
[Pre-alloy steel powder for sintered members]
The pre-alloy steel powder for a sintered member (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as “pre-alloy steel powder”) in one embodiment of the present invention has Cu: 0.5 to 5% by mass and Mo: 0.1 to 0. A pre-alloy steel powder for a sintered member containing 5% by mass and V: 0.05 to 0.5% by mass, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities. The reason for limiting the contents of Cu, Mo and V to the above range is as follows.

Cu:0.5〜5.0質量%
上述したように、Cuは焼結体の強度を向上させる作用を有する元素である。予合金鋼粉中のCu含有量が0.5質量%未満であると、Cuの添加による強度向上効果が不十分となる。そのため、Cu含有量を0.5質量%以上とする。一方、予合金鋼粉中のCu含有量が5.0質量%を超えると、粉末の圧縮性が低下し、圧粉体の密度が低下する結果、Cu含有量に見合った焼結体強度の向上効果が得られなくなる。そのため、Cu含有量は5.0質量%以下とする。なお、より高い強度を効果的に得るためには、Cu含有量を1.0〜4.0質量%とすることが好ましい。
Cu: 0.5 to 5.0% by mass
As described above, Cu is an element having an action of improving the strength of the sintered body. If the Cu content in the pre-alloy steel powder is less than 0.5% by mass, the effect of improving the strength by adding Cu becomes insufficient. Therefore, the Cu content is set to 0.5% by mass or more. On the other hand, when the Cu content in the pre-alloy steel powder exceeds 5.0% by mass, the compressibility of the powder decreases and the density of the green compact decreases, resulting in a sintered body strength commensurate with the Cu content. The improvement effect cannot be obtained. Therefore, the Cu content is set to 5.0% by mass or less. In order to effectively obtain higher strength, the Cu content is preferably 1.0 to 4.0% by mass.

Mo:0.1〜0.5質量%
Moは、フェライト、パーライトおよびベイナイトの微細化によって焼結部材の強度を向上させる作用を有する元素である。また、Moの添加によりベイナイト組織が形成されやすくなるため、パーライトの一部がベイナイト化する。そしてその結果、焼結部材の強度および靱性が向上する。予合金鋼粉中のMo含有量が0.1質量%未満であると、Moの添加による強度向上効果が不十分となる。そのため、Mo含有量を0.1質量%以上とする。一方、予合金鋼粉中のMo含有量が0.5質量%を超えると、予合金鋼粉の圧縮性が低下して成形用金型が損耗しやすくなるのみならず、Mo含有量が0.5質量%である場合に比べて、焼結部材の強度は向上しない。そのため、Mo含有量は0.5質量%以下とする。なお、より高い強度を得るためには、Mo含有量を0.1〜0.3質量%とすることが好ましい。
Mo: 0.1 to 0.5% by mass
Mo is an element having an action of improving the strength of the sintered member by refining ferrite, pearlite and bainite. In addition, since the addition of Mo facilitates the formation of a bainite structure, a part of pearlite becomes bainite. As a result, the strength and toughness of the sintered member are improved. If the Mo content in the pre-alloy steel powder is less than 0.1% by mass, the effect of improving the strength by adding Mo becomes insufficient. Therefore, the Mo content is set to 0.1% by mass or more. On the other hand, when the Mo content in the pre-alloy steel powder exceeds 0.5% by mass, not only the compressibility of the pre-alloy steel powder is lowered and the molding die is easily worn, but also the Mo content is 0. The strength of the sintered member is not improved as compared with the case of 5.5% by mass. Therefore, the Mo content is set to 0.5% by mass or less. In order to obtain higher strength, the Mo content is preferably 0.1 to 0.3% by mass.

V:0.05〜0.5質量%
Vは、析出強化により焼結体の強度を向上させる作用を有する元素である。予合金鋼粉中のV含有量が0.05質量%未満であると、Vの添加による強度向上効果が不十分となる。そのため、V含有量を0.05質量%以上とする。一方、予合金鋼粉中のV含有量が0.5質量%を超えると、炭化物の粗大化に起因する強度向上効果の低下や、粉末の圧縮性の低下に起因する圧粉体密度の低下のため、V含有量に見合った焼結体強度の向上効果が得られなくなる。そのため、V含有量は0.5質量%以下とする。なお、より高い強度を得るためには、V含有量を0.1〜0.4質量%とすることが好ましい。
V: 0.05 to 0.5% by mass
V is an element having an action of improving the strength of the sintered body by strengthening precipitation. If the V content in the pre-alloy steel powder is less than 0.05% by mass, the effect of improving the strength by adding V becomes insufficient. Therefore, the V content is set to 0.05% by mass or more. On the other hand, when the V content in the pre-alloy steel powder exceeds 0.5% by mass, the strength improving effect due to the coarsening of carbides decreases, and the powder density decreases due to the decrease in powder compressibility. Therefore, the effect of improving the strength of the sintered body corresponding to the V content cannot be obtained. Therefore, the V content is set to 0.5% by mass or less. In order to obtain higher strength, the V content is preferably 0.1 to 0.4% by mass.

上記予合金鋼粉の成分組成は、Cu、MoおよびVと、残部のFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる。前記不可避的不純物の量は特に限定されず、任意の量であってよい。しかし、C:0.01質量%以下、O:0.15質量%以下、Mn:0.15質量%以下、Si:0.05質量%以下、P:0.015質量%以下、S:0.015質量%以下、Cr:0.1質量%以下、N:0.01質量%以下、およびその他の元素:0.01質量%以下に抑制されることが好ましい。とくにNiは高コストであるため、Ni含有量を0.1質量%以下とすることが好ましい。 The component composition of the pre-alloy steel powder consists of Cu, Mo and V, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities. The amount of the unavoidable impurities is not particularly limited and may be any amount. However, C: 0.01% by mass or less, O: 0.15% by mass or less, Mn: 0.15% by mass or less, Si: 0.05% by mass or less, P: 0.015% by mass or less, S: 0 It is preferable that the content is suppressed to .015% by mass or less, Cr: 0.1% by mass or less, N: 0.01% by mass or less, and other elements: 0.01% by mass or less. In particular, since Ni has a high cost, the Ni content is preferably 0.1% by mass or less.

上記予合金鋼粉は、特に限定されることなく任意の方法で製造することができる。例えば、前記予合金鋼粉は、アトマイズ法によって製造されるアトマイズ粉であってよく、中でも水アトマイズ法によって製造される水アトマイズ粉であることが好ましい。アトマイズ法で予合金鋼粉を製造する場合は、例えば、上記成分組成に調製された溶鋼をアトマイズして粉末とし、さらに必要に応じて分級することで予合金鋼粉を得ることができる。 The pre-alloy steel powder can be produced by any method without particular limitation. For example, the pre-alloy steel powder may be an atomizing powder produced by an atomizing method, and more preferably a water atomizing powder produced by a water atomizing method. When the pre-alloyed steel powder is produced by the atomizing method, for example, the pre-alloyed steel powder can be obtained by atomizing the molten steel prepared to the above composition to obtain a powder and further classifying the powder as necessary.

なお、得られた予合金鋼粉に含まれる酸素や炭素を除去する目的で、還元雰囲気中、800〜1000℃の温度範囲で0.5〜2時間程度保持する熱処理を行うことが可能である。 For the purpose of removing oxygen and carbon contained in the obtained pre-alloy steel powder, it is possible to perform a heat treatment in a reducing atmosphere for about 0.5 to 2 hours in a temperature range of 800 to 1000 ° C. ..

上記予合金鋼粉の粒径は特に限定されず任意の粒径とすることができる。しかし、製造の容易さの観点からは、平均粒径を30〜150μmとすることが好ましい。特に、予合金鋼粉が水アトマイズ粉である場合、平均粒径が前記範囲である予合金鋼粉を工業的に低コストで製造できるため、好ましい。なお、ここで平均粒径とは、質量基準におけるメジアン径(D50)を指すものとする。前記平均粒径は、JIS Z 2510に記載の乾式ふるい分け法で測定した粒度分布から質量基準の積算粒度分布を算出し、その値が50%となる粒径を内挿法で求めることができる。 The particle size of the pre-alloy steel powder is not particularly limited and may be any particle size. However, from the viewpoint of ease of production, the average particle size is preferably 30 to 150 μm. In particular, when the pre-alloy steel powder is water atomized powder, it is preferable because the pre-alloy steel powder having the average particle size in the above range can be industrially produced at low cost. Here, the average particle size refers to the median diameter (D50) on a mass basis. For the average particle size, a mass-based integrated particle size distribution is calculated from the particle size distribution measured by the dry sieving method described in JIS Z 2510, and the particle size at which the value is 50% can be obtained by the interpolation method.

[焼結部材用粉末]
上記予合金鋼粉は、そのまま粉末冶金に用いることもできるが、さらにCu粉およびMo粉の一方または両方と組み合わせた焼結部材用粉末として用いることが好ましい。前記焼結部材用粉末は、具体的には、以下に述べる実施形態とすることが好ましい。
[Powder for sintered member]
The pre-alloy steel powder can be used as it is for powder metallurgy, but it is more preferable to use it as a powder for a sintering member in combination with one or both of Cu powder and Mo powder. Specifically, the powder for a sintered member is preferably in the embodiment described below.

本発明の一実施形態における焼結部材用粉末は、上記焼結部材用予合金鋼粉と、金属粉とからなる焼結部材用粉末であって、前記金属粉が、前記焼結部材用粉末の全質量に対する割合で、4質量%以下のCu粉と4質量%以下のMo粉の一方または両方である。言い換えると、本実施形態の焼結部材用粉末は、前記予合金鋼粉と前記金属粉とからなる混合粉である。 The powder for a sintered member in one embodiment of the present invention is a powder for a sintered member composed of the pre-alloyed steel powder for the sintered member and the metal powder, and the metal powder is the powder for the sintered member. In proportion to the total mass of, one or both of Cu powder of 4% by mass or less and Mo powder of 4% by mass or less. In other words, the powder for the sintering member of the present embodiment is a mixed powder composed of the pre-alloy steel powder and the metal powder.

Cu粉、Mo粉の配合は、焼結を促進させるとともに、局所的にベイナイト相とマルテンサイト相を有する複合組織を形成して焼結体の強度を向上させる効果を有する。しかし、それぞれCu量:4質量%、Mo量:4質量%である上限を超えて添加されると、圧粉密度の低下が顕著となり、強度が低下する。そのため、Cu粉およびMo粉の添加量を上記範囲とする。 The combination of Cu powder and Mo powder has the effect of promoting sintering and locally forming a composite structure having a bainite phase and a martensite phase to improve the strength of the sintered body. However, when added in excess of the upper limits of Cu amount: 4% by mass and Mo amount: 4% by mass, the powder density is significantly reduced and the strength is lowered. Therefore, the amount of Cu powder and Mo powder added is within the above range.

上記焼結部材用粉末は、任意の方法で製造することができる。例えば、上記予合金鋼粉に対して、前記金属粉としてのCu粉およびMo粉の一方または両方を、上記含有量となるように混合することによって製造すればよい。予合金鋼粉と金属粉の混合は、任意の方法で行うことができる。例えば、V型混合機、ダブルコーン型混合機、へンシェルミキサ、またはナウターミキサを用いて混合する方法が挙げられる。なお、粉末混合時には、金属粉末の偏析防止のために、マシン油などの結合剤を添加しても良い。 The powder for a sintered member can be produced by any method. For example, it may be produced by mixing one or both of Cu powder and Mo powder as the metal powder with the pre-alloy steel powder so as to have the above-mentioned content. The pre-alloy steel powder and the metal powder can be mixed by any method. For example, a method of mixing using a V-type mixer, a double-cone type mixer, a Henchel mixer, or a Nauter mixer can be mentioned. When mixing the powder, a binder such as machine oil may be added to prevent segregation of the metal powder.

[焼結部材]
本発明の一実施形態における焼結部材は、上記焼結部材用予合金鋼粉および焼結部材用粉末の少なくとも一方を原料として含む焼結部材である。
[Sintered member]
The sintered member in one embodiment of the present invention is a sintered member containing at least one of the pre-alloy steel powder for the sintered member and the powder for the sintered member as raw materials.

(副原料)
前記原料としては、上記焼結部材用予合金鋼粉および上記焼結部材用粉末の一方または両方を、そのまま用いることができるが、さらに副原料を併用することもできる。
(Auxiliary raw material)
As the raw material, one or both of the pre-alloy steel powder for the sintered member and the powder for the sintered member can be used as they are, but an auxiliary raw material can also be used in combination.

前記副原料としては、例えば、炭素粉および金属粉からなる群より選択される1または2以上を用いることができる。前記炭素粉としては、特に限定されることなく任意のものを用いることができるが、例えば、黒鉛粉およびカーボンブラックの一方または両方を用いることが好ましい。前記黒鉛粉としては、天然黒鉛粉および人造黒鉛粉のいずれも用いることができる。炭素粉を副原料として添加することにより、焼結体の強度をさらに向上させることができる。また、前記金属粉としては、任意の金属粉を用いることができる。例えば、Cu粉、およびMo粉からなる群より選択される1種以上を副原料として添加することにより、焼結部材の最終的な金属成分を調整することも可能である。 As the auxiliary raw material, for example, one or two or more selected from the group consisting of carbon powder and metal powder can be used. As the carbon powder, any one can be used without particular limitation, but for example, one or both of graphite powder and carbon black are preferably used. As the graphite powder, either natural graphite powder or artificial graphite powder can be used. By adding carbon powder as an auxiliary raw material, the strength of the sintered body can be further improved. Moreover, any metal powder can be used as the metal powder. For example, it is also possible to adjust the final metal component of the sintered member by adding one or more selected from the group consisting of Cu powder and Mo powder as an auxiliary raw material.

(潤滑剤)
また、成形に先立って、上記原料にさらに潤滑剤を添加することもできる。前記潤滑剤としては、粉末状の潤滑剤を用いることが好ましい。また、金型に潤滑剤を塗布あるいは付着させて上記成形を行うこともできる。いずれの場合であっても、前記潤滑剤としては、ステアリン酸亜鉛やステアリン酸リチウムなどの金属石鹸、エチレンビスステアリン酸アミドなどのアミド系ワックスなど、任意の潤滑剤を用いることができる。前記潤滑剤の量は、前記原料100質量部に対し、0.3〜1.0質量部とすることが好ましい。すなわち、前記原料として上記焼結部材用予合金鋼粉を用いる場合は、潤滑剤の量を、前記焼結部材用予合金鋼粉100質量部に対し、0.3〜1.0質量部とすることが好ましい。また、前記原料として上記焼結部材用粉末を用いる場合は、潤滑剤の量を、前記焼結部材用粉末100質量部に対し、0.3〜1.0質量部とすることが好ましい。
(lubricant)
Further, a lubricant can be further added to the above raw materials prior to molding. As the lubricant, it is preferable to use a powdery lubricant. Further, the above molding can be performed by applying or adhering a lubricant to the mold. In any case, any lubricant such as a metal soap such as zinc stearate or lithium stearate or an amide wax such as ethylene bisstearic acid amide can be used as the lubricant. The amount of the lubricant is preferably 0.3 to 1.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the raw material. That is, when the pre-alloy steel powder for a sintered member is used as the raw material, the amount of the lubricant is 0.3 to 1.0 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the pre-alloy steel powder for the sintered member. It is preferable to do so. When the sintered member powder is used as the raw material, the amount of the lubricant is preferably 0.3 to 1.0 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sintered member powder.

なお、成形に先立って、上記原料に対し、切削性改善用粉末を混合することができる。前記切削性改善用粉末としては、例えば、MnSなどを用いることができる。前記切削性改善用粉末の量は、前記原料100質量部に対し0.1〜0.7質量部とすることが好ましい。 Prior to molding, a powder for improving machinability can be mixed with the above raw materials. As the powder for improving machinability, for example, MnS or the like can be used. The amount of the powder for improving machinability is preferably 0.1 to 0.7 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the raw material.

上記原料に対し、必要に応じて上記副原料、潤滑剤、および切削性改善用粉末からなる群より選択される1または2以上を添加混合した後、さらに所望の形状に圧縮成形して圧粉体(成形体)とする。前記圧縮成形は、特に限定されることなく、上記粉末を成型できる方法であれば任意の方法で行うことができる。一般的な成形方法としては、粉末を金型内に充填し、圧縮成形する方法が挙げられる。 If necessary, one or two or more selected from the group consisting of the auxiliary raw material, the lubricant, and the powder for improving machinability are added and mixed with the raw material, and then compression molded into a desired shape to obtain a powder. It is a body (molded body). The compression molding is not particularly limited, and can be performed by any method as long as the powder can be molded. As a general molding method, a method of filling a mold with powder and performing compression molding can be mentioned.

次いで、得られた圧粉体を焼結する。前記焼結は、特に限定されることなく、一般的な粉末冶金における焼結方法に準じ、任意の条件で行うことができる。しかし、焼結温度が1100℃に満たないと焼結が十分に進行しない場合がある。そのため、焼結温度を1100℃以上とすることが好ましく、1120℃以上とすることがより好ましい。一方、焼結温度が高いほど焼結体中におけるCu分布が均一となるため、焼結温度の上限は特に限定されない。しかし、過度に焼結温度を高くすると製造コストが増大する。そのため、焼結温度は1250℃以下とすることが好ましく、1180℃以下とすることがより好ましい。本発明の焼結部材用予合金鋼粉では、従来の粉末と異なり、Cu、MoおよびVの三者を予合金化しているため、上記焼結温度でもCu分布を均一とすることができ、その結果、焼結体の強度を効果的に向上させることができる。 Then, the obtained green compact is sintered. The sintering is not particularly limited, and can be performed under arbitrary conditions according to the sintering method in general powder metallurgy. However, if the sintering temperature is less than 1100 ° C., the sintering may not proceed sufficiently. Therefore, the sintering temperature is preferably 1100 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 1120 ° C. or higher. On the other hand, the higher the sintering temperature, the more uniform the Cu distribution in the sintered body, so that the upper limit of the sintering temperature is not particularly limited. However, if the sintering temperature is excessively high, the manufacturing cost increases. Therefore, the sintering temperature is preferably 1250 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 1180 ° C. or lower. In the pre-alloyed steel powder for a sintered member of the present invention, unlike the conventional powder, Cu, Mo and V are pre-alloyed, so that the Cu distribution can be made uniform even at the above sintering temperature. As a result, the strength of the sintered body can be effectively improved.

なお、上記焼結前に、潤滑剤を分解除去するために、400〜700℃の温度範囲で一定時間保持する脱脂工程を追加してもよい。 Before the sintering, a degreasing step of holding the lubricant in a temperature range of 400 to 700 ° C. for a certain period of time may be added in order to decompose and remove the lubricant.

上記した以外の焼結部材の製造条件や設備、その方法等は、特に限定されず、例えば、公知のものを適用することができる。ただし、焼結後に鍛造処理を行う焼結鍛造部材は除く。 The manufacturing conditions, equipment, methods, etc. of the sintered member other than those described above are not particularly limited, and for example, known ones can be applied. However, sintered forged members that are forged after sintering are excluded.

(実施例1)
・焼結部材用予合金鋼粉の製造
以下の手順で焼結部材用予合金鋼粉を製造した。まず、表1に示す含有量でCu、MoおよびVのうち、1種以上を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成の溶鋼を調整した。前記溶鋼を水アトマイズして、水アトマイズ粉を作製した。前記水アトマイズ粉に不純物として含まれるSi、Mn、P、S、およびCrの量は、いずれの条件においてもSi≦0.05質量%、Mn≦0.15質量%、P≦0.025質量%、S≦0.025質量%、およびCr≦0.03質量%であった。
(Example 1)
-Manufacture of pre-alloy steel powder for sintered members The pre-alloy steel powder for sintered members was manufactured by the following procedure. First, a molten iron having a composition containing at least one of Cu, Mo and V at the content shown in Table 1 and having the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities was prepared. The molten steel was water atomized to prepare water atomizing powder. The amounts of Si, Mn, P, S, and Cr contained as impurities in the water atomizing powder are Si ≦ 0.05% by mass, Mn ≦ 0.15% by mass, and P ≦ 0.025% by mass under any condition. %, S ≦ 0.025% by mass, and Cr ≦ 0.03% by mass.

次に、得られた水アトマイズ粉に還元熱処理を施した。前記還元熱処理は、水素雰囲気中、温度:920℃で、30分間行った。前記還元熱処理を施された粉末はケーキ状に固化した熱処理体となっているため、該熱処理体を、ハンマーミルを用いて粉砕し、次いで分級した。前記分級では、目開きが180μmの篩を使用し、篩下を焼結部材用予合金鋼粉とした。前記粉砕後の焼結部材用予合金鋼粉に不純物として含まれるC、O、およびNの量は、いずれの条件においても、C:0.01質量%以下、O:0.15質量%以下、N:0.01質量%以下であった。なお、最終的に得られた焼結部材用予合金鋼粉におけるCu、MoおよびV含有量は、上記溶鋼における含有量に等しい。 Next, the obtained water atomized powder was subjected to a reduction heat treatment. The reduction heat treatment was carried out in a hydrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 920 ° C. for 30 minutes. Since the powder subjected to the reduction heat treatment is a heat-treated body solidified into a cake, the heat-treated body was pulverized using a hammer mill and then classified. In the classification, a sieve having a mesh size of 180 μm was used, and a prealloy steel powder for a sintered member was used under the sieve. The amounts of C, O, and N contained as impurities in the prealloy steel powder for the sintered member after pulverization are C: 0.01% by mass or less and O: 0.15% by mass or less under any condition. , N: 0.01% by mass or less. The Cu, Mo and V contents in the finally obtained pre-alloy steel powder for the sintered member are equal to the contents in the molten steel.

・焼結部材の製造
得られた予合金鋼粉:100質量部に対して、黒鉛粉:0.8質量部、潤滑剤(ステアリン酸亜鉛):0.6質量部を添加し、ダブルコーン型混合機を用いて混合して混合粉を得た。前記混合粉を、10mm×10mm×55mmの直方体形状に、所定の圧力で、圧縮成形して圧粉体とした。前記圧粉体の密度(圧縮密度)を表1に併記する。
-Manufacturing of sintered member To the obtained pre-alloy steel powder: 100 parts by mass, graphite powder: 0.8 parts by mass and lubricant (zinc stearate): 0.6 parts by mass were added to form a double cone type. The mixture was mixed using a mixer to obtain a mixed powder. The mixed powder was compression-molded into a rectangular parallelepiped shape of 10 mm × 10 mm × 55 mm at a predetermined pressure to obtain a green compact. The density (compression density) of the green compact is also shown in Table 1.

次いで、前記圧粉体を、10%H−90%N雰囲気で、焼結温度:1130℃で20分間焼結し、焼結体(焼結部材)とした。得られた焼結体から、長さ:50mm×直径:3mmの引張試験片を切り出して、引張強さを測定した。測定結果は表1に示したとおりであった。 Then, the green compact, in 10% H 2 -90% N 2 atmosphere, a sintering temperature: 1130 to 20 minutes sintered at ° C., was sintered (sintered member). A tensile test piece having a length of 50 mm and a diameter of 3 mm was cut out from the obtained sintered body, and the tensile strength was measured. The measurement results are as shown in Table 1.

なお、比較のために、MoとVを予合金化し、Cuを別途添加した粉末(No.10、11)と、CuとVを予合金化し、Moを別途添加した粉末(No.12、13)を用いて同様の試験を行った。具体的には、以下の通りとした。 For comparison, powders in which Mo and V are pre-alloyed and Cu is separately added (No. 10 and 11) and powders in which Cu and V are pre-alloyed and Mo is separately added (No. 12 and 13) are used. ) Was used to perform a similar test. Specifically, it is as follows.

比較例No.10では、MoとVを合金元素として含む予合金鋼粉の表面に、Cu粉を拡散付着させた合金鋼粉を使用した。比較例No.12では、CuとVを合金元素として含む予合金鋼粉の表面に、Mo粉を拡散付着させた合金鋼粉を使用した。比較例No.11では、MoとVを合金元素として含む予合金鋼粉に、Cu粉を混合した混合粉を使用した。比較例No.13では、CuとVを合金元素として含む予合金鋼粉に、Mo粉を混合した混合粉を使用した。なお、これらの比較例においても、最終的に得られた粉末におけるCu、MoおよびV含有量は表1に示したとおりとした。また、前記比較例におけるCu粉およびMo粉の拡散付着方法および混合方法は、後述する実施例2、3における拡散付着方法および混合方法と同様とした。 Comparative Example No. In No. 10, an alloy steel powder in which Cu powder was diffused and adhered to the surface of a pre-alloy steel powder containing Mo and V as alloying elements was used. Comparative Example No. In No. 12, the alloy steel powder in which Mo powder was diffused and adhered to the surface of the pre-alloy steel powder containing Cu and V as alloying elements was used. Comparative Example No. In No. 11, a mixed powder obtained by mixing Cu powder with a pre-alloy steel powder containing Mo and V as alloying elements was used. Comparative Example No. In No. 13, a mixed powder obtained by mixing Mo powder with a pre-alloy steel powder containing Cu and V as alloying elements was used. In these comparative examples as well, the Cu, Mo and V contents in the finally obtained powder were as shown in Table 1. Further, the diffusion adhesion method and the mixing method of the Cu powder and the Mo powder in the comparative example were the same as the diffusion adhesion method and the mixing method in Examples 2 and 3 described later.

表1の結果から分かるように、本発明の条件を満たす予合金鋼粉を用いた発明例の焼結体は、Cu量およびV量が同じでMoを含まない比較例No.1および2に比べて引張強さに優れていた。また、本発明の条件を満たす予合金鋼粉を用いた発明例の焼結体は、Mo量およびV量が同じでCuを含まない比較例No.3に比べても引張強さに優れていた。さらに、Cu量およびMo量が同じでVを含まない比較例No.4に比べても引張強さに優れていた。 As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the sintered body of the invention example using the pre-alloy steel powder satisfying the conditions of the present invention has the same Cu amount and V amount but does not contain Mo. It was superior in tensile strength as compared with 1 and 2. Further, the sintered body of the invention example using the prealloy steel powder satisfying the condition of the present invention has the same Mo amount and V amount but does not contain Cu. It was superior in tensile strength as compared with 3. Further, Comparative Example No. which has the same amount of Cu and Mo but does not contain V. It was superior in tensile strength as compared with 4.

また、本発明の条件を満たす、Cu、MoおよびVを予合金化した鋼粉を用いた発明例の焼結体は、比較例No.10〜13に比べて、Cu量、Mo量およびV量が同じであるにもかかわらず、引張強さに優れていた。 Further, the sintered body of the invention example using the steel powder obtained by prealloying Cu, Mo and V, which satisfies the condition of the present invention, is described in Comparative Example No. Compared with 10 to 13, although the amount of Cu, the amount of Mo and the amount of V were the same, the tensile strength was excellent.

Figure 2020132902
Figure 2020132902

(実施例2)
・焼結部材用粉末の製造
実施例1で作製した発明例No.6の予合金鋼粉に、Cu粉およびMo粉の一方または両方である金属粉を混合することにより、焼結部材用粉末を製造した。前記焼結部材用粉末の全質量に対する前記金属粉の質量の割合は、表2に示す通りとした。使用した金属粉の平均粒径は、Cu粉:45μm以下、Mo粉:25μm以下とした。
(Example 2)
-Manufacture of powder for sintered member Invention Example No. produced in Example 1. A powder for a sintered member was produced by mixing the pre-alloy steel powder of No. 6 with a metal powder which is one or both of Cu powder and Mo powder. The ratio of the mass of the metal powder to the total mass of the powder for the sintered member was as shown in Table 2. The average particle size of the metal powder used was Cu powder: 45 μm or less and Mo powder: 25 μm or less.

・焼結部材の製造
得られた焼結部材用粉末100質量部に対し、黒鉛粉:0.8質量部、潤滑剤(ステアリン酸亜鉛):0.6質量部を添加し、ダブルコーン型混合機を用いて混合して混合粉を得た。前記混合粉を、10mm×10mm×55mmの直方体形状に、所定の圧力で、圧縮成形して圧粉体とした。前記圧粉体の密度(圧縮密度)を表2に併記する。
-Manufacture of sintered member Graphite powder: 0.8 parts by mass and lubricant (zinc stearate): 0.6 parts by mass are added to 100 parts by mass of the obtained sintered member powder, and a double cone type mixture is added. Mixing was performed using a machine to obtain a mixed powder. The mixed powder was compression-molded into a rectangular parallelepiped shape of 10 mm × 10 mm × 55 mm at a predetermined pressure to obtain a green compact. The density (compression density) of the green compact is also shown in Table 2.

次いで、前記圧粉体を、10%H−90%N雰囲気で、焼結温度:1130℃で20分間焼結し、焼結体(焼結部材)とした。得られた焼結体から、長さ:50mm×直径:3mmの引張試験片を切り出して、引張強さを測定した。測定結果は表2に示したとおりであった。 Then, the green compact, in 10% H 2 -90% N 2 atmosphere, a sintering temperature: 1130 to 20 minutes sintered at ° C., was sintered (sintered member). A tensile test piece having a length of 50 mm and a diameter of 3 mm was cut out from the obtained sintered body, and the tensile strength was measured. The measurement results are as shown in Table 2.

表2に示した結果から分かるように、本発明の条件を満たす焼結部材用粉末は、いずれも、元の予合金鋼粉よりもさらに高い圧粉密度を示し、また、その焼結材の引張強さも元の予合金鋼粉の場合と比べて一段と高かった。 As can be seen from the results shown in Table 2, all the powders for sintered members satisfying the conditions of the present invention show a higher powder density than the original pre-alloy steel powder, and the sintered material thereof. The tensile strength was also higher than that of the original pre-alloy steel powder.

Figure 2020132902
Figure 2020132902

Claims (3)

Cu:0.5〜5.0質量%、Mo:0.1〜0.5質量%、およびV:0.05〜0.5質量%を含み、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる焼結部材用予合金鋼粉。 Sintering containing Cu: 0.5 to 5.0% by mass, Mo: 0.1 to 0.5% by mass, and V: 0.05 to 0.5% by mass, with the balance consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities. Pre-alloy steel powder for members. 請求項1に記載の焼結部材用予合金鋼粉と、金属粉とからなる焼結部材用粉末であって、
前記金属粉が、前記焼結部材用粉末の全質量に対する割合で、4質量%以下のCu粉と4質量%以下のMo粉の一方または両方である、焼結部材用粉末。
The powder for a sintered member, which comprises the pre-alloy steel powder for a sintered member according to claim 1 and a metal powder.
A powder for a sintered member, wherein the metal powder is one or both of 4% by mass or less of Cu powder and 4% by mass or less of Mo powder in a ratio to the total mass of the sintered member powder.
請求項1に記載の焼結部材予合金鋼粉および請求項2に記載の焼結部材用粉末の少なくとも一方を原料として含む焼結部材。 A sintered member containing at least one of the sintered member pre-alloy steel powder according to claim 1 and the sintered member powder according to claim 2 as raw materials.
JP2019023697A 2019-02-13 2019-02-13 Pre-alloyed steel powder for sintered member, powder for sintered member, and sintered member Pending JP2020132902A (en)

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