JP2995696B2 - Excavation equipment for shield machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is to excavate the ground on the curved side by protruding a cutter for excavation stored in a cutter head radially from the cutter head when turning a shield machine. The present invention relates to a surveillance device for a shield machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A shield excavator excavates an underground pit by excavating a face with a cutter provided on a cutter head at the front of the shield body while applying thrust to a shield body with a shield jack. In some cases, such as when excavating a curving tunnel, it is necessary to change the excavation direction and turn. In such a case, it has conventionally been generally performed to excavate the ground on the curved side by protruding an overcutting cutter called an overcutter stored in the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head from the cutter head in the radial direction. I have. That is, while rotating the cutter head at the front of the shield body, only when the cutter for over-digging comes to the curving side, it is protruded to excavate the ground, and only a portion of the ground on the curving side is slightly enlarged. Excavation methods of excavating to a diameter are commonly used. As a result of this over-digging, the resistance of the ground on the advancing side can be reduced, and the shield excavator can bend in the direction in which the over-digging was performed. Various types of this over-cutting cutter are disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-121293, and a general structure thereof is exemplified by a structure as shown in FIGS. ing. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a conventional general overcut cutter, and FIG. 7 is a front view of the overcut cutter of FIG. 6. The overcut cutter includes a shank a and a carbide tip mounted on the upper portion of the shank a. and a cutter bit b to which the cemented carbide c is fixed.
Are fixed to the tops on both sides of the cutter bit b as shown in the figure. That is, the carbide tips c are provided on both edges of the cutter bit b in the forward and reverse cutting directions indicated by arrows in FIG. 7, in other words, in the rotation direction of the cutter head, and are provided with directivity. Was. In the case of excavation while cutting the ground with the cemented carbide tip c, if the cutter for overmining may slightly rotate around the axis of the shank a, the cemented carbide tip c Since the above-mentioned direction is lost, it is customary for the overcutting cutter to be prevented from rotating. As a well-known document describing the method of preventing rotation in an over-drilling device, that is, an over-cutter device of a shield machine, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-41697 can be mentioned.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional excavator of the shield machine, the ground is cut by two carbide tips provided on both edges of the top of the bit, and these specific tips are cut. The carbide tips have severe wear and short life. Further, even if it is attempted to replace the worn carbide tip, it is difficult to replace the worn carbide tip from inside the shield main body, and maintenance requires a great deal of time and labor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a surveillance device for a shield machine capable of reducing wear of a cutter bit and extending its life. I do.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an excavating cutter having a shank and a cutter bit attached to the shank, and a driving device for reciprocatingly driving the excavating cutter. it stores the cutter extra drilling into the cutter head of the shield machine, the excess excavation apparatus shield machine for excavating a natural ground is protruded from the outer periphery of the cutter head by a drive device when drilling surplus, the abrasion resistance Direction
A number of tips to make a cylindrical cutter bit
It is fixed radially to form an overcutting cutter.
When the cutter protrudes from the outer circumference of the cutter head,
Detented so that it can rotate freely around the heart
Not to be stored in the cutter head spokes
In addition, a drive device for reciprocatingly driving the
Slidably fits inside the cylinder so that it can rotate freely
It is composed of a hydraulic jack inserted and the shank of the cutter for extra mining
Attached to the shield excavator.

[0006]

Since the shield excavator of the present invention has such a configuration, when the shield excavator is to be bent, the cutter head is rotated and excavated. Only use the hydraulic jaw when the cutter is stored on the outer
Is projected in Tsu key, while plunge it into the natural ground, a number of switch
The ground is cut by a cutter bit having a tip. so
Then, the cutter bits at the same time the front part is similar pressed against the working face to cut et locations mountain, so revolves with the rotation of the cutter head, the cutter bit is its front portion a working face surface at the time of revolution Ru receive the friction resistance. Excavation cutter
Can freely rotate around its axis when it protrudes.
The piston is free while the rotation is not applied.
Hydraulic jack inserted into the cylinder so that it can rotate
Since it is attached to the cutter bit like this
When receiving frictional force from the face during revolution, the cylindrical cutter
Due to the frictional resistance of the face, the bit rotates by itself by receiving a rotational force as if it were rolled on the face. This cylindrical cutter bit has many chips
Since it is fixed radially, the cutter bit
When the rotation of the cutter bit,
Many chips around the entire circumference, not just the tip
Will be shared by
Will not be overworked,
Therefore, the wear resistance of the cutter bit is improved, and the cutting performance is maintained for a long time.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a non-operating state of a surveillance device of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an operating state of the shield excavator of the shield machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway view of the shield machine of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a rear view showing the internal structure thereof, FIG. 4 is a plan view of an over-cutting cutter related to the over-cutting device of the shield machine according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a side view of the over-cutting cutter.

1 to 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a shield body of a shield machine, 2 denotes a center shaft which is driven to rotate by a cutter driving device, and 3 denotes a cutter of a shield machine in which a cutter bit is mounted on a front surface to excavate a face. Head, 4
Is a boss at the center of the cutter head provided at the front end of the center shaft. The cutter head 3 has a boss 4 at the center.
And is rotationally driven through the shaft 2 by a cutter driving device (not shown). 3a is a ring-shaped outer peripheral frame which forms the outer periphery of the cutter head, 3b is this outer peripheral frame 3a
And a cutter poke connecting the boss 4 at the center of the cutter,
A plurality of the bosses 4 are provided radially like spokes of a bicycle around the center. The skeleton of the cutter head 3 is formed by the outer peripheral frame 3a and the cut spokes 3b.

Reference numeral 5 denotes an overcut cutter stored in the cut-spoke 3b, 6 a cylindrical cutter bit of the overcut cutter 5, and 6a for improving the wear resistance fixed to the cutter bit 6. The cemented carbide tip 7 is a cylindrical shank having a diameter slightly larger than the cutter bit 6 of the cutter 5 for extra cutting. The overcutting cutter 5 has a structure as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and a number of carbide tips 6 a are embedded in the cylindrical cutting bit 6 so as to reach the top at equal intervals radially. The base material of the cutter bit 6 and the plurality of carbide tips 6a jointly cut the ground as a whole. A large number of carbide tips 6a radially embedded in the cylindrical cutter bit 6 mainly serve to improve the wear resistance of the entire cutter bit 6, but also contribute to the improvement of the machinability. As described above, not only the shank 7 but also the cutter bit 6 is formed in a circular cross section, and a large number of carbide tips 6a are fixed radially around the circumference to improve wear resistance. This is not seen in technology. In connection with such a configuration, as described below, the over-cutting cutter 5 also employs a configuration in which the cutter 5 can freely rotate about its axis when protruded from the outer periphery of the cutter head. These configurations are unique to the present embodiment.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a hydraulic jack for reciprocatingly driving the over-cutting cutter 5 so as to protrude from the cutter head 3 or to receive the cutter, and 8a denotes a cylinder of the hydraulic jack 8;
b is the rod end of the piston rod of the hydraulic jack 8, 9
Is a hydraulic hose for supplying hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic jack 8 and for discharging hydraulic pressure from the jack 8 in order to drive the hydraulic jack 8. Although not shown in the figure, the hydraulic jack 8
A piston connected to a piston rod having a rod end 8b is slidably fitted in the cylinder 8a. The bottom of the cylinder 8a is fixed to a fixing member 14 for fixing the hydraulic jack 8 with a pin 13a, and the rod end 8b of the piston rod is
3b. Since the piston inserted into the cylinder 8a of the hydraulic jack 8 is slidably inserted, the piston freely rotates when a rotational force about the axis is applied to the cutter bit 6. Since the directionality given to the above-mentioned carbide tip is lost, the conventional device has been provided with a detent, but the device of the present embodiment does not have any such detent.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a cylindrical shank storage space for guiding the shank 7 of the overcutting cutter 5 so as to be slidable, and a guide member mounted in the cut-spoke 3b. 10 and cutter 5 for extra mining
A sealing member for sealing between the cutter bit 6 and 12
Is a shank sliding bush that is attached to the upper part of the guide member 10 in the cut spoke 3b, has the same function as the member 10, and has the same cross-sectional shape. The guide member 10 is attached to a position corresponding to the shank 7 when the overcutting cutter 5 does not protrude. Similarly, the shank sliding bush 12 is attached to a position corresponding to the cutter bit 6. In addition, when the cutter 5 for excavation is operated to protrude from the cutter head 3 or to be housed in the cutter head 3, the cutter 5 not only guides the shank 7 to slide up and down, but also protrudes the cutter 5 for excavation. Sometimes it also serves to guide the shank 7 to rotate smoothly. In addition, the cutout spoke 3b has
An opening for facilitating the work of incorporating the extra cutter 5 into the cut-spoke 3b is formed, and this opening is closed by the lid 15 when the work is completed.

Since the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention employs the above-described configuration, when the shield excavator is to be bent, the cutter head 3 is rotated and excavated. By operating the hydraulic jack 8, the cutter 5 for excavation housed in the outer peripheral portion of the bit 3 is protruded only when the cutter 5 comes to the curved side, and the bit base material is pushed into the ground. And the carbide tip 6a to cut the ground. When cutting the ground with the cutter bit 6 in this manner, the cutter bit 6 cuts the ground while its front portion is pressed against the face, and at the same time, revolves with the rotation of the cutter head 3. Bit 6
During the revolution, the front of the bit receives the frictional resistance of the face, and due to the frictional resistance of the face received by the front of the bit,
It receives a rotating force as if it were rolled on the face.
In that case, the rear portion of the cutter bit 6, extra digging cutter 5
Aside from the rushing into the ground, as the excavation progresses, almost no friction occurs, so that no frictional force cancels out its rotational force. And this embodiment
Then, " Excavating cutter 5 from outside of cutter head 3
When it protrudes, it can rotate freely around its axis
Of the cutter head 3 without the rotation stop
While being stored in the pork 3b, the cutter 5
The drive device that performs the reverse drive can freely rotate the piston.
Hydraulic jack 8 slidably fitted in the cylinder
Since the configuration and attached to the shank 7 of the surplus drilling cutter 5 "of the prior art employs a configuration not seen, cylindrical
The cutter bit 6 is rotated by itself by the above-mentioned rotational force. This cylindrical cutter bit 6 has its circumference
A large number of carbide tips 6a are fixed radially to the part
When the cutter bit 6 rotates in this way, the cutting portion of the cutter bit 6 that is in contact with the face is sometimes replaced, and the ground cutting is not performed by only the carbide tip 6a of the specific portion of the cutter bit 6, but the entire cutting is performed. Numerous carbide tips 6 around the circumference
will be shared with a, as in the conventional device, never as only certain hard tip 6a is overworked, their
Therefore, the wear resistance of the cutter bit 6 can be improved and the cutting performance thereof can be maintained for a long time.

As described above, in the present embodiment, attention is paid to the phenomenon that the cutter bit 6 of the cutter 5 for excavation receives a rotational force due to the frictional force of the face when the cutter head 3 revolves, and this is skillfully used. By doing, cutter bit 6
In addition to the practical effect of reducing the wear of the steel and prolonging its life, it is also possible to omit the detent of the cutter 5 for excavation, which is indispensable in the conventional technology, and as a field technology. It has excellent effects. In short, the present invention exerts more excellent effects than the conventional technology by not intentionally providing a detent for the over-drilling cutter 5 which is naturally provided in the conventional technology.

[0014]

As is clear from the description above, according to the present invention, the present invention is configured as described in the claims, in particular, the "abrasion resistance
A large number of tips to improve the cylindrical cutter bit
Is fixed radially to the overcutting cutter.
When the cutter is projected from the outer circumference of the cutter head,
A detent is provided so that it can rotate freely around the axis.
If you store it in the cutter head spokes of the cutter head
In both cases, a drive device for reciprocatingly driving the
Sliding inside the cylinder so that the ton can rotate freely
It consists of a hydraulic jack that is
The `` attached to the ground '' configuration allows the cutter bit to rotate by itself during over-digging, preventing the use of only certain ground drilling tips as in the prior art. Instead, the ground is cut using the entire circumference of the cutter bit, and as a result, it is possible to provide a surveillance device for a shield machine capable of reducing the wear of the cutter bit and extending its life. In addition, there is no need to apply a kind of detent for the excavation cutter to give directionality to the tip for earth excavation provided in the conventional technology, and various effects can be obtained with a simplified configuration. You can play at the same time.

[0015] The present invention is based on the prior art, which is based on the idea of preventing the cutter bit from rotating.
This improvement was made based on the reverse idea of positively utilizing the rotation of the cutter bit, and the idea was novel.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state when an extra excavation device of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention is inoperative.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state of the overrun device of the shield machine according to the embodiment of the present invention at the time of operation.

FIG. 3 is a rear view showing the internal structure of the excavator of the shield machine according to the embodiment of the present invention, with a part thereof being cut away.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of an over-cutting cutter related to the over-cutting device of the shield machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the over-cutting cutter related to the over-cutting device of the shield machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a general over-cutting cutter related to a conventional over-cutting device of a shield machine.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the surplus cutter of FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield body of shield machine 2 Center shaft of shield machine 3a Cutter head of shield machine 3a Cutter head outer peripheral frame 3b cutter spoke 4 Shield machine of boss 5 Extra cutter 6 Cutter bit 6a Carbide tip 7 Shank 8 Hydraulic jack 10 Guide member 12 Shank sliding bush

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An overcutting cutter having a shank and a cutter bit attached to the shank, and a driving device for reciprocatingly driving the overcutting cutter, wherein the overcutting cutter is mounted in a cutter head of a shield machine. storing, in excess drilling apparatus shield machine for excavating a natural ground is protruded from the outer periphery of the cutter head by a drive device when drilling surplus, abrasion
A large number of inserts to improve wear
It is fixed radially to the bit to form a cutter for excavation.
When excavating cutter is projected from the outer circumference of cutter head
Non-rotating so that it can rotate freely around its axis
Stored in the cutter head pork without cutting
Drive device that reciprocates the excavating cutter
Into the cylinder so that the piston can rotate freely.
Excavator cutter consisting of a hydraulic jack movably inserted
Excavation equipment for shield machine, which is attached to shank .