JP3785196B2 - Image processing device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in an image processing apparatus, when performing binarization processing for image data, and the analog image signal from the TV camera 1, as shown in FIG. 9, the reference value 2 to D / A converter 3 composed of, for example, 8 bits The analog signal is compared with the reference signal converted by the analog comparator 4 to obtain a 1-bit output corresponding to the comparison result as to whether or not the level of the image signal exceeds the level of the reference signal. how to capture the binarization memory 5 and, or an analog image signal from the TV camera 1, as shown in FIG. 10 is converted into a / D converter 6, for example, 8-bit image data, and the converted The adder 7 adds the image data and the 8-bit reference value 2 to obtain 9-bit data, and the digital value is compared with a predetermined value by the digital comparator 8 to obtain a 1-bit output. 1 bit How to capture the data in the binarization memory 5 has been widely adopted.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the binarization processing method based on the constant threshold comparison as described above, the binarization processing of the image data portion having an arbitrary specific brightness and the shading correction for correcting the brightness unevenness in the field of view of the TV camera. It cannot cope with various binarization processing such as binarization processing. In addition, there is no device that performs various binarization processes using the same hardware.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an image processing apparatus capable of performing various binarization processes with a single piece of hardware.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a TV camera, an A / D converter for A / D converting an image signal output from the TV camera, a readable / writable density memory for storing image data, arithmetic means for performing arithmetic processing said a / D converter in combination with the image data written in the shading memory for the image storage and a / D converted image data selected by the image output from said arithmetic means the on-off and a look-up table memory which outputs a 1-bit data written in advance in the address as a read address data, the image data of the image data storage shading memory from being taken with respect to the arithmetic unit 1 comprising of a switch, a second switch for turning on and off of the image data from the a / D converter are incorporated to the arithmetic means The look-up 1 bit data to be written into the table memory is arbitrarily set depending on the purpose of the binarization processing, the second turns off the first switch when performing binarization processing grayscale images In the case where only the image data A / D converted by the A / D converter is used as the image data to be taken into the arithmetic means, and the image data from the TV camera is corrected. And the second switch are turned on to convert the image data to be taken into the calculation means into image data having a correction pattern written in advance in the image storage density memory and the A / D converter. The subtracting processing of both image data is performed by the arithmetic means as the / D-converted image data, and the first switch is turned on when the object to be imaged is a moving object At the same time, the second switch is turned off, the image data A / D converted by the A / D converter is written to the image storage density memory, and the image data written to the image storage density memory is written to the image storage density memory. The data is used as data for designating the address of the lookup table memory through the arithmetic means.
[0006]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the 1-bit data written to the look-up table memory is set according to switching of the switch.
[0007]
[Action]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, 2 bits of the image data portion having a specific brightness can be obtained by arbitrarily setting 1-bit data set in the lookup memory from which the image data becomes a read address for an arbitrary brightness. binarization processing is possible, and since there is provided a first switch for turning on and off the uptake of computing means of the image data from the shading memory, the combination of the image data of the grayscale memory for the image signal of the TV camera to select In addition , since the second switch for turning on / off the loading of the image data from the A / D converter into the calculation means is provided, the combination of the TV camera image signal and the image data from the grayscale memory is also selected. As a result, the binarization corrected as well as the normal binarization, and the binarization of the image of the moving object to be imaged It becomes possible to carry out, it can be a variety of binarization to provide an image processing apparatus capable.
[0008]
According to the invention of claim 2, binarization optimal for the image data selected by switching the switch can be achieved by setting the data according to the purpose of the binarization processing at that time according to the switching of the switch.
[0009]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0010]
Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the embodiment device, the embodiment device, T V camera 1, A / D converter 6, shading memory 9,2 binarizing circuit 10, 2-valued memory 5 and The CPU 11 is configured to control each unit, perform arithmetic processing, and control reading and writing of the memories 5 and 9.
[0011]
An analog image signal of the TV camera 1 obtained by imaging the target object is A / D converted by the A / D converter 6 and then stored in the gray memory 9 as gray image data (for example, 8-bit data). Directly sent to the binarization circuit 10.
[0012]
The binarization circuit 10 is for converting 8-bit image data into 1-bit binary image data. As shown in FIG. 1, the binarization circuit 10 supplies the arithmetic unit 12, the lookup table memory 13, and the arithmetic unit 12. The selection switch unit 14 includes a first switch SWa and a second switch SWb for selecting data to be input.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 3, in the lookup table memory 13, for example, an 8-bit input signal becomes an address, and 1-bit data stored in the address is read as an output value. An output value stored in the address can be set by designating an address from the CPU 11.
[0014]
In this embodiment, since the binarization process is performed on a predetermined brightness portion of the grayscale image A shown in FIG. 4 obtained by the TV camera 1, the CPU 11 previously outputs 8 of the image signal having a low brightness level. The address of the look-up table memory 13 specified by the bit data and the 8-bit data of the high-level image signal is white (1), and the address specified by the remaining 8-bit data of the intermediate brightness level image signal. Is set to black (0).
[0015]
Thus, according to the present embodiment, the switch SWa of the selection switch unit 13 is disconnected from the grayscale memory 9 and the switch SWb is connected to the A / D converter 6 as shown in FIG. the image data is only 8-bit data converted by the a / D converter 6, given as an address the data in the look-up table memory 13 through the arithmetic unit 12, the look-up table memory 13 designated by the 8-bit data The 1-bit data set at the address is read as an output value.
[0016]
Here, since 1-bit data is set in the lookup table memory 13 under the above conditions, 1 is output for the intermediate brightness portion data, that is, white data is output to the other portion data. On the other hand, 0, that is, black data is output, and this data is taken into the binarization memory 5. When an image is reproduced by the image data after binarization processing fetched into the binarization memory 5, the output image B is black in the middle brightness portion of the original image and white in other portions as shown in FIG. It becomes a binarized image.
[0017]
Next, if there is uneven brightness in the field of view of the TV camera 1 and if the binarized image data from the TV camera 1 is binarized as it is, an appropriate binarized image cannot be obtained. Need to do. In this case, image data of the image D having the correction pattern shown in FIG. 6 is registered in advance in the grayscale memory 9 shown in FIG. Then, the switch SWa of the selection switch unit 13 is connected to the gray memory 9 side as shown in FIG. 5, and the switch SWb is connected to the A / D converter 6 side to obtain pattern image data and the TV camera 1. and image data a input to the calculator 12, by subtracting the arithmetic unit 12, so that the portion of the uneven brightness C is offset by the correction pattern image D. By sending data in the calculation result as an address in the look-up table memory 13, so that the meaningless binary data of the effects of uneven brightness output of 1 bit is read is obtained. Here, in the look-up table memory 13, white (1) data is preliminarily designated by data specified by data having a predetermined brightness or higher, and black (0) data is designated by addresses lower than the predetermined brightness. Since each is set by the CPU 11, the output image B is an image as shown in FIG.
[0018]
By the way, when the target object imaged by the TV camera 1 is a moving object such as a falling object, it is difficult to set the binarization level while monitoring the image imaged by the TV camera 1. In such a case, under the control of the CPU 11, after the image captured by the TV camera 1 is A / D converted, the image data obtained by the A / D conversion is once fetched into the grayscale memory 9, and this fetched. If the binarization level is set for the memory image data, the level can be easily set.
[0019]
In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the switch SWa of the selection switch unit 13 is connected to the grayscale memory 9 side, the switch SWb is disconnected from the A / D converter 6 side, and only the memory image data from the grayscale memory 9 is calculated. sent to the look-up table memory 13 through, it shall be the data specifying the address of the look-up table memory 13.
[0020]
FIG. 8 shows an example in which 1-bit data in the lookup table memory 13 is set in the same manner as in FIG. 4, and 2 for the middle brightness portion of the image A captured in the grayscale memory 9. The binarization process is performed, and the output image B becomes a binarized image similar to the case of FIG. Although the present invention an image processing apparatus as are those capable of performing a variety of binarization by Switching Operation place setting of the selection switch unit 13 have a common hardware.
[0021]
In the above embodiment, the image data has an 8-bit configuration and the address of the lookup table memory 13 has 8 bits. However, the number of bits is not particularly limited.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
The invention of claim 1 includes a TV camera, an image signal output from the TV camera and A / D converter for converting A / D, and shading memory for storing image data read-write, in the A / D converter computing means and its address as a read address to the image data output from said calculation means combining the image data written as a / D converted image data in the image storing shading memory selects and performs arithmetic processing A look-up table memory for outputting 1-bit data written in advance in the memory, a first switch for turning on / off the image data stored in the grayscale memory for storing image data in the computing means, and the A / and a second switch that image data D converter is off of the incorporated to the arithmetic means, the look-up table 1-bit data to be written to memory is arbitrarily set depending on the purpose of the binarization processing, on the second switch turns off the first switch when performing binarization processing grayscale images Then, only the image data that has been A / D converted by the A / D converter is used as the image data to be taken into the computing means, and the first switch is turned on when the image data from the TV camera is corrected. At the same time, the second switch is turned on, and the image data to be taken into the arithmetic means is A / D converted by the A / D converter with the image data having the correction pattern written in the image storage density memory in advance. As the image data, the calculation means subtracts both image data, and when the object to be imaged is a moving object, the first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned on. Is turned off, the image data A / D converted by the A / D converter is written into the image storage gray scale memory, and the image data written in the image storage gray scale memory is looked up through the arithmetic means. Since it is used as data for designating the address of the table memory, image data having a specific brightness by arbitrarily setting 1-bit data set in the lookup memory from which the image data becomes a read address for an arbitrary brightness binarizing portion becomes possible, also by a first switch for turning on and off the uptake of computing means of the image data from the shading memory, that the combination of the image data of the grayscale memory for the image signal of the TV camera to select can, a second for turning on and off the uptake of computing means of the image data from the upper a / D converter By the switch, the image signal of the TV camera relative to the image data from the shading memory combination can also be selected, so that the normal binarization binarization corrected course, the object to be imaged moving Image binarization can be performed, and an image processing apparatus capable of various binarization processing can be provided.
[0023]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the 1-bit data written to the look-up table memory is set according to the switching of the switch. By the data setting, binarization optimal for the image data selected by switching the switch can be achieved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing one use state of a binarization processing circuit of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an entire apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of the lookup table memory of the above.
FIG. 4 is an image diagram of binarization processing in the above usage example.
FIG. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram showing another usage state of the binarization processing circuit.
FIG. 6 is an image diagram of binarization processing in the usage example.
FIG. 7 is a circuit configuration diagram showing another usage state of the binarization processing circuit.
FIG. 8 is an image diagram of binarization processing in the usage example.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a conventional example.
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of another conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 TV camera 5 Binary memory 6 A / D converter 9 Gray memory 10 Binary processing circuit 12 Operator 13 Look-up table memory 14 Selection switch part SWa, SWb switch

Claims (2)

TV camera and an A / D converter for an image signal to A / D conversion output from the TV camera, a shading memory for storing image data read-write, the A / D converter in A / D converted image arithmetic means for performing arithmetic processing combining the image data written data and the image storing shading memory selected and are written in advance in the address as the read image data address output from the calculation means 1 A look-up table memory for outputting bit data; a first switch for turning on / off the image data stored in the image data storing gray-scale memory to be taken into the computing means; and image data from the A / D converter And a second switch for turning on and off that is taken into the computing means ,
The 1-bit data to be written into the look-up table memory is arbitrarily set depending on the purpose of the binarization processing,
When performing binarization processing of a grayscale image, the first switch is turned off and the second switch is turned on, and the A / D converter converts the image data to be taken into the arithmetic means by the A / D converter. Only the processed image data,
When the image data from the TV camera is corrected, the first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned on, and the image data to be taken into the computing means is written in the image storage density memory in advance. The image data having the corrected pattern and the image data A / D converted by the A / D converter are subjected to subtraction processing of both image data by the arithmetic means,
When the object to be imaged is a moving object, the first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned off, and the image data A / D converted by the A / D converter is used for the image storage density. An image processing apparatus using the image data written in a memory and the image data written in the gray memory for image storage as data for designating an address of the lookup table memory through the arithmetic means . The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein 1-bit data written to the lookup table memory is set according to switching of the switch .

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