JP4119599B2 - Production method of fat-added flour - Google Patents
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- JP4119599B2 JP4119599B2 JP2000182464A JP2000182464A JP4119599B2 JP 4119599 B2 JP4119599 B2 JP 4119599B2 JP 2000182464 A JP2000182464 A JP 2000182464A JP 2000182464 A JP2000182464 A JP 2000182464A JP 4119599 B2 JP4119599 B2 JP 4119599B2
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- flour
- fat
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- oil
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、油脂添加小麦粉の製造法およびこの製法により得られた油脂添加小麦粉を含有する天ぷら粉に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来油脂添加小麦粉としては、小麦粉粒子の少なくとも一部が、固体脂含有指数(SFI)値が20℃で65以上、30℃で40以上、40℃で25以下である油脂で被覆された小麦粉組成物(特開平2−174644号公報参照)、穀粉に食用油脂を添加し、加温熟成する油脂コーティング穀粉(特開平11−98969号公報参照)、粉体混合物と脂質とを含む天ぷら衣ミックスの製造に際して、前記粉体混合物を混合しながら前記脂質を噴霧し微滴状にして添加する、天ぷら衣ミックスの製造方法(特開平6−113775号公報参照)等が知られている。
しかしながら、特開平2−174644号の発明は、至適油脂含有量が15〜20%と多く、菓子用小麦粉は別として、天ぷらに利用した場合水と油の置換が良すぎて衣がガリガリと硬い食感になりやすく、また使用する油のSFI値が高すぎて、冷えた天ぷらの衣は口溶けが悪い欠点があった。また特開平11−98969号の発明は穀粉水分が低くなりすぎ、天ぷら粉に用いた場合、穀粉の吸水と糊化が速すぎ、衣内部への火通りが逆に悪くなる欠点があった。さらに特開平6−113775号の発明は天ぷらが硬くなる欠点があった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで本発明者等は、天ぷらとして用いた場合、揚がり斑がなく、揚げ色、花咲き等の外観が良好で、食感面でも極めてソフトなサクミを有する油脂添加小麦粉について種々研究を重ねた結果本発明を完成するに至った。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち本発明は、麦粉に油脂を0.1〜1.5重量%添加した後、40〜90℃かつ15〜180分の条件下で加熱乾燥して小麦粉の水分含量を8.0〜12.5重量%に調整することを特徴とする油脂添加小麦粉の製造法である。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。
本発明は、まず小麦粉と油脂を混合する。小麦粉に対する油脂の添加量は、小麦粉に対し0.1〜1.5重量%、好ましくは0.3〜1.0重量%の範囲である。油脂の添加量が0.1重量%未満の場合は、本発明の目的とする効果が得られず、また5重量%を超えると衣の食感が硬くなり好ましくない。
【0006】
油脂の添加方法としては、使用する小麦粉に直接油脂を添加する方法、粉末油脂として小麦粉に添加する方法、小麦粉の一部、澱粉等と予め混合し、その混合物を小麦粉に添加する方法等、種々の添加方法が採用できる。
【0007】
前記小麦粉と油脂との混合手段としては例えばリボンミキサー、ヘンシェルミキサー、シュギミキサー等が用いられる。
【0008】
本発明において使用し得る小麦粉としては薄力粉、中力粉、強力粉、デュラム粉等が挙げられ、これらの小麦粉を単独で、または適宜混合して使用することができる。
前記小麦粉の水分含量は季節等によっても異なるが、一般的には11〜15重量%の範囲にある。
また本発明において使用し得る油脂としては、菜種油、大豆油、コーン油、オリーブ油、ゴマ油、パーム油等の植物性油脂、牛脂、豚脂、乳脂等の動物性油脂が挙げられる。
【0009】
油脂を添加した小麦粉は次いで乾燥する。乾燥温度は40〜90℃、好ましくは60〜90℃の範囲が好適である。加熱温度が40℃未満であると乾燥処理時間が長くなり、製造効率が低下し好ましくない。また90℃を超えると衣の食感が硬くなり好ましくない。
乾燥時間は使用する小麦粉の水分含量、添加された油脂量によっても異なるが通常は40〜180分が好適である。
加熱乾燥手段としては例えば通気乾燥機、流動層乾燥機、棚乾燥機、回転式乾燥機等を用いて行うことができる。
【0010】
前記の加熱乾燥条件は油脂の添加量および小麦粉の水分含量によっても異なるが、油脂添加小麦粉の水分含量を6.0〜14.9重量%に調整することが必要である。そして前記水分含量に調整するためには通常0.5〜5重量%の水分を除去することによって達成される。
【0011】
前記の方法で得られた油脂添加小麦粉は天ぷら粉の原材料として用いることができる。天ぷら粉として用いる場合、油脂添加小麦粉に膨張剤を添加し、その他必要により澱粉、卵粉、大豆粉、乳化剤、調味料、色粉等を加えてもよい。
【0012】
【実施例】
次に本発明をさらに具体的に説明するために実施例を掲げるが、本発明は以下の実施例にのみ限定されるものではない。
【0013】
実施例1〜3、比較例1〜7
薄力小麦粉(水分含量13.0%)に菜種油を表1に示す所定量を添加後、65℃に設定した棚乾燥機で約30分乾燥し油脂添加小麦粉を得た。
得られた油脂添加小麦粉98.5重量部および膨張剤1.5重量部からなる天ぷら粉100重量部に対し水を170重量部加え天ぷらバッターを調製した。この天ぷらバッターをイモに付けて175℃の大豆白絞油中で3分間揚げて、イモ天ぷらを調製した。
また比較例として、油脂無添加で乾燥した小麦粉、油脂を添加して加熱を行なわない小麦粉、乾燥した後油脂を添加した小麦粉を用いて実施例と同様にしてイモ天ぷらを調製した。
得られた各イモ天ぷらの衣を15名のパネラーにより表2および表3に示す評価基準に従って評価した。その評価結果を示せば表1のとおりである。
【0014】
【表1】
【0015】
【表2】
【0016】
【表3】
【0017】
前記表1より明らかなように、本発明方法により得られた油脂添加小麦粉を用いた天ぷら粉にて調製された天ぷらの衣は、比較例の小麦粉を用いて調製された天ぷらの衣に比べ揚げ斑が少なく、ソフトでサクミのある食感を示すことがわかる。
【0018】
実施例4〜5、比較例8〜9
薄力小麦粉(水分含量13.0%)に菜種油を表4に示す所定量を添加後以下実施例1〜3と同様にして油脂添加小麦粉およびイモ天ぷらを調製した。
得られたイモ天ぷらを実施例1〜3と同様にして前記表2および表3に示す評価基準に従って評価した。その評価結果を示せば表4のとおりである。
【0019】
【表4】
【0020】
実施例6〜10、比較例10
薄力小麦粉(水分含量13.0%)に菜種油0.5重量%を添加し、その後表5に示した所定温度に設定した棚乾燥機にて所定時間乾燥して油脂添加小麦粉を得た。
得られた油脂添加小麦粉を用い、以下実施例1〜3と同様にしてイモ天ぷらを調製し、表2および表3に示す評価基準に従って評価した。その評価結果を示せば表5のとおりである。
【0021】
【表5】
【0022】
前記表5より明らかなよう油脂添加後の加熱温度は90℃以下が好ましいことが判る。
【0023】
実施例11〜13、比較例11〜12
薄力小麦粉(水分含量13.0%)に菜種油0.5重量%を添加し、その後65℃に設定した棚乾燥機で水分を0.2〜7重量%の範囲で乾燥した油脂添加小麦粉を得た。
得られた油脂添加小麦粉を用い、実施例1〜3と同様にしてイモ天ぷらを調製した。イモ天ぷらを実施例1〜3と同様にして表2および表3に示す評価基準に従って評価した。その評価結果を示せば表6のとおりである。
【0024】
【表6】
【0025】
前記表6より明らかなように、油脂添加後の小麦粉を加熱して水分を除去する範囲は0.5〜5重量%が好適であることが判る。
【0026】
実施例14〜16
薄力小麦粉(水分含量13.0%)に表7に示す各種油脂を0.5重量%添加した後、65℃に設定した棚乾燥機にて乾燥して油脂添加小麦粉を得た。
得られた油脂添加小麦粉を用い、実施例1〜3と同様にしてイモ天ぷらを調製した。イモ天ぷらを実施例1〜3と同様にして表2および表3に示す評価基準に従って評価した。その評価結果を示せば表7のとおりである。
【0027】
【表7】
【0028】
【発明の効果】
本発明方法によって得られた油脂添加小麦粉は特に天ぷら粉として用いると、衣の揚がり斑が少なく、揚げ色、外観が良好で、かつ極めてソフトなサクミを有する食感を呈する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a fat-added wheat flour and a tempura flour containing the fat-added wheat flour obtained by this method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a wheat flour with added fat, a flour composition in which at least a part of the flour particles is coated with a fat having a solid fat content index (SFI) value of 65 or more at 20 ° C, 40 or more at 30 ° C, and 25 or less at 40 ° C. Products (see JP-A-2-174644), edible oils and fats added to cereal flour, and oil-coated flour (see JP-A-11-98969), tempura clothing mix containing a powder mixture and lipids In the production, a method for producing a tempura garment mix (see JP-A-6-113775), in which the lipid is sprayed and added in the form of fine droplets while mixing the powder mixture, is known.
However, the invention disclosed in JP-A-2-174644 has an optimum fat content of 15 to 20%, and apart from confectionery flour, when it is used for tempura, the water and oil replacement is too good and the clothes are crisp. The tempura garment, which was apt to have a hard texture and the SFI value of the oil to be used, was poorly melted in the mouth. In addition, the invention of JP-A-11-98969 has the disadvantage that the moisture content of the flour becomes too low, and when used in tempura flour, the water absorption and gelatinization of the flour is too fast, and the fire passage inside the garment becomes worse. Furthermore, the invention of JP-A-6-113775 has a drawback that the tempura becomes hard.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the inventors of the present invention, when used as tempura, have a variety of researches on fat-added wheat flour that has no freckled spots, has a good appearance such as deep-fried color, flower bloom, etc. The present invention has been completed.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, in the present invention, after adding 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of fats and oils to wheat flour, it is dried by heating under the conditions of 40 to 90 ° C. and 15 to 180 minutes so that the moisture content of the flour is 8.0 to 12. It is the manufacturing method of the fat and oil addition wheat flour characterized by adjusting to 5 weight%.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail.
In the present invention, flour and fat are first mixed. The amount of fats and oils added to the flour is 0.1 to 1.5% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 1.0% by weight, based on the flour. When the addition amount of oils and fats is less than 0.1% by weight, the intended effect of the present invention cannot be obtained, and when it exceeds 5% by weight, the texture of the clothes becomes hard.
[0006]
As a method for adding fats and oils, there are various methods such as a method of adding fats and oils directly to the flour to be used, a method of adding fats and flours as powdered fats and oils, a method of premixing with a part of the flour, starch and the like, and adding the mixture to the flour. These addition methods can be adopted.
[0007]
As a means for mixing the flour and fat, for example, a ribbon mixer, a Henschel mixer, a Shugi mixer, or the like is used.
[0008]
Wheat flour that can be used in the present invention includes thin flour, medium flour, strong flour, durum flour, and the like, and these flours can be used alone or in an appropriate mixture.
Although the water content of the flour varies depending on the season, it is generally in the range of 11 to 15% by weight.
Examples of the fats and oils that can be used in the present invention include vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, olive oil, sesame oil and palm oil, and animal fats and oils such as beef fat, pork fat and milk fat.
[0009]
The flour with added fat is then dried. The drying temperature is 40 to 90 ° C, preferably 60 to 90 ° C. When the heating temperature is less than 40 ° C., the drying treatment time becomes long, and the production efficiency is lowered, which is not preferable. Moreover, when it exceeds 90 degreeC, the food texture of clothes becomes hard and is unpreferable.
The drying time is usually 40 to 180 minutes, although it varies depending on the moisture content of the flour used and the amount of added fat.
As the heat drying means, for example, a ventilation dryer, a fluidized bed dryer, a shelf dryer, a rotary dryer or the like can be used.
[0010]
The heating and drying conditions described above vary depending on the amount of fat added and the moisture content of the flour, but it is necessary to adjust the moisture content of the fat-added flour to 6.0 to 14.9% by weight. In order to adjust the water content, usually 0.5 to 5% by weight of water is removed.
[0011]
The fat-added wheat flour obtained by the above method can be used as a raw material for tempura flour. When used as a tempura flour, an expansion agent may be added to the fat and oil-added wheat flour, and starch, egg powder, soybean powder, emulsifier, seasoning, color powder, etc. may be added as necessary.
[0012]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, examples are given to describe the present invention more specifically, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[0013]
Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-7
After adding a predetermined amount of rapeseed oil shown in Table 1 to thin wheat flour (water content 13.0%), it was dried by a shelf dryer set at 65 ° C. for about 30 minutes to obtain fat-added flour.
A tempura batter was prepared by adding 170 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of tempura flour consisting of 98.5 parts by weight of the obtained fat-and-oil-added wheat flour and 1.5 parts by weight of a swelling agent. This tempura batter was attached to potatoes and fried in soybean white squeezed oil at 175 ° C. for 3 minutes to prepare potato tempura.
Further, as comparative examples, potato tempura was prepared in the same manner as in Examples using wheat flour dried without addition of fats and oils, wheat flour added with fats and oils without heating, and wheat flour dried and added with fats and oils.
Each potato tempura garment obtained was evaluated according to the evaluation criteria shown in Tables 2 and 3 by 15 panelists. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[0014]
[Table 1]
[0015]
[Table 2]
[0016]
[Table 3]
[0017]
As apparent from Table 1, the tempura garment prepared with the tempura flour using the fat-added wheat flour obtained by the method of the present invention is deep-fried compared to the tempura garment prepared using the flour of the comparative example. It can be seen that there are few spots, soft and crisp texture.
[0018]
Examples 4-5, Comparative Examples 8-9
After adding a predetermined amount of rapeseed oil shown in Table 4 to thin wheat flour (water content 13.0%), fat-added flour and potato tempura were prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 below.
The obtained potato tempura was evaluated according to the evaluation criteria shown in Tables 2 and 3 in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3. The evaluation results are shown in Table 4.
[0019]
[Table 4]
[0020]
Examples 6 to 10 and Comparative Example 10
Rapeseed oil 0.5% by weight was added to thin wheat flour (water content 13.0%), and then dried for a predetermined time in a shelf dryer set at a predetermined temperature shown in Table 5 to obtain a fat-added flour.
Using the obtained fat-and-oil-added wheat flour, potato tempura was prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, and evaluated according to the evaluation criteria shown in Tables 2 and 3. The evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
[0021]
[Table 5]
[0022]
As apparent from Table 5, the heating temperature after the addition of fats and oils is preferably 90 ° C. or less.
[0023]
Examples 11-13, Comparative Examples 11-12
Add 0.5% by weight of rapeseed oil to thin wheat flour (water content 13.0%), and then add fat and oil-added flour dried in a shelf dryer set at 65 ° C. in a range of 0.2-7% by weight. Obtained.
A potato tempura was prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, using the obtained fat-and-oil-added flour. The potato tempura was evaluated according to the evaluation criteria shown in Tables 2 and 3 in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3. The evaluation results are shown in Table 6.
[0024]
[Table 6]
[0025]
As apparent from Table 6, it is understood that 0.5 to 5% by weight is suitable for the range of heating and removing the moisture after adding the fats and oils.
[0026]
Examples 14-16
After adding 0.5% by weight of various fats and oils shown in Table 7 to the thin wheat flour (water content 13.0%), it was dried by a shelf dryer set at 65 ° C. to obtain fat-added wheat flour.
A potato tempura was prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, using the obtained fat-and-oil-added flour. The potato tempura was evaluated according to the evaluation criteria shown in Tables 2 and 3 in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3. The evaluation results are shown in Table 7.
[0027]
[Table 7]
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
When the fat-added wheat flour obtained by the method of the present invention is used as a tempura flour, the texture of the garment is low, the fried color and appearance are good, and the texture is very soft.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000182464A JP4119599B2 (en) | 2000-06-19 | 2000-06-19 | Production method of fat-added flour |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000182464A JP4119599B2 (en) | 2000-06-19 | 2000-06-19 | Production method of fat-added flour |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002000168A JP2002000168A (en) | 2002-01-08 |
| JP4119599B2 true JP4119599B2 (en) | 2008-07-16 |
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| JP2000182464A Expired - Fee Related JP4119599B2 (en) | 2000-06-19 | 2000-06-19 | Production method of fat-added flour |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP1691618A1 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2006-08-23 | Molino di Vigevano S.p.A. | A cereal flour production process |
| DE102004063334A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-06 | Bühler AG | Dough, useful as raw material for production of consumption product, comprises a grain meal product and water |
| JP6435167B2 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2018-12-05 | 株式会社日清製粉グループ本社 | Flour composition |
| JP6812290B2 (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2021-01-13 | 日清フーズ株式会社 | Method for producing flour composition |
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