JP4805960B2 - ヒト臍帯血由来の非制限体幹細胞(ussc) - Google Patents
ヒト臍帯血由来の非制限体幹細胞(ussc) Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明の幹細胞は、トリプシンEDTA−処理および適当な培養条件下(実施例1)での再播種後に得られる、線維芽球様細胞形状および2つまたは3つの核小体(図1参照)を有する粘着細胞であり、長く伸びた形態の融合体(confluence)に迅速に広がる(図2)。図1は、初期USSC培養物の顕微鏡写真を示す。低密度で平板培養された細胞は、USSC類の線維芽球様細胞形態を示す。これらの細胞は、14培養継代より長期にわたって容易に成長させることができる。図2は、融合性USSC培養物の顕微鏡写真を示す。ほとんどの融合性細胞USSC層は、細胞の平行配置を示す。
適当な培養条件下において、USSC調製物は、異なる造血系統の多数のコロニーを形成し、これらの細胞が、造血を生じさせ得るという証拠を示した。
母親にインフォームドコンセントを行って、産科において臍帯血の回収を行った。まだ子宮中での胎盤による赤ん坊の輸送後に、へその緒を、二重に締めて、へそから7−10cm離れたところで横に切開した(transsected)。へその緒の消毒後、臍静脈に穴を開けて、抗凝血剤として、サイトレートホスフェートデキストロース(CPD)を含む回収バッグ内へ、CBを回収した。
へその緒の臍帯血を、フィコール(Ficoll)溶液上へ注意深く載せた(密度1.077g/cm3)。濃度勾配遠心分離を行った(450g、室温、25分)。中間期の単核細胞(MNC)を回収し、pH7,3のリン酸塩バッファー生理食塩水(PBS)中で2回洗浄した。
単核細胞を、T25培養フラスコ(ヌンクロン(Nunclon))中で、約5×103細胞/cm2の密度で平板培養した[A.)、B.)、C.)]。4つの異なる培養法を使用して、粘着幹細胞の成長を開始させた:
A.)10-7Mのデキサメタゾンを含むミエロコルト(Myelocult)H5100培地(ステムセルテクノロジーズ(StemCell Technologies)、バンクーバー/カナダ)中で、CB由来のMNC類を最初に培養した。
B.)10-7Mのデキサメタゾンを含むメセンコルト(Mesencult)(ステムセルテクノロジーズ(StemCell Technologies)、バンクーバー/カナダ)中で、CB由来のMNC類を最初に培養した。
C.)10-7Mのデキサメタゾンを含む30%のFCSを含む低グルコースのDMEM(バイオ−ホワイタッカー(Bio-Whittaker))中で、B由来のMNC類を最初に培養した。
D.)デキサメタゾンなしで、50mlの培養フラスコ(ヌンクロン(Nunclon))内の10mlのミエロコルト(Myelocult)H5100培地(ステムセルテクノロジーズ(StemCell Technologies)、バンクーバー、カナダ)中で、5×106/mlの密度で、CB由来のMNC類を平板培養した。
本発明のUSSC類を、10ng/mlのIGF I(インシュリン状成長因子−I)、10ng/mlのPDGF−BB(小板由来の成長因子−BB)、および10ng/mlのrh−ヒトEGF(組み換え型ヒト表皮成長因子)を含むH5100培地(PEI培地)中で、1×104〜1×105細胞/mlの密度で増加させることができる(増加方法A)。代わりに、USSC調製物を、初期成長培地A、B、およびC中で増加させることができる。
USSC類の免疫表現型を決定するために、FITC結合抗CD45(ベクトン・ディケンソン(Becton Dickinson)、コールター(Coulter))、PE結合抗CD14(ファーミンゲン(PharMingen)、コールター(Coulter))、ヤギF(ab`)2抗マウスIgG+IgM(H+L)−FITCによってラベルされた抗SSEA−4(MC−813−70)(コールター(Coulter))、抗CD10−PE(CALLA、ファーミンゲン(PharMingen))、ヤギF(ab`)2抗マウスIgG+IgM (H+L)−FITCによってラベルされた抗HLA−クラスI(コールター(Coulter))、抗CD13−PE(ベクトン・ディケンソン(Becton Dickinson)、コールター(Coulter));抗CD29(コールター(Coulter))、抗CD44(コールター(Coulter))、抗CD49e(コールター(Coulter))、抗CD90(コールター(Coulter))、抗HLA−クラスII−FITC(コールター(Coulter))によって、細胞を染色した。EPICS XL(コールター(Coulter))またはFACS分析器(ベクトン・ディケンソン(Becton Dickinson)を用いて、細胞を分析した。
実施例1に記載したように得られたUSSC類を、それらが70%の融合度(confluency)に達するまで、標準培地中で培養した。10-7Mのデキサメタゾン、50μg/mlのアスコルビン酸、および10mMのβ−グリセロホスフェートを添加することによって、これらの細胞の骨形成分化を誘発した(ブルーダー(Bruder)ら、1994、ジャイスワル(Jaiswal)ら、1997)。刺激の10日目に、細胞は、カルシウムホスフェート沈殿を示し、それにより、骨小節が得られた。鉱化した骨小節を、アリザリンレッドによる染色によって、以下のように検出した:培養物中の粘着細胞を、pH7.3のPBSによって2回洗浄し、室温で1時間、5mlの0.1%アリザリンレッド溶液によって、次いで、0.1%の酢酸および無水得エタノールならびにPBSによって染色した。
軟骨形成分化のために、2×105個の粘着幹細胞を、15mlのポリプロピレンチューブ中の沈降培養物中に置いた。デキサメタゾン、プロリン、ピルビン酸ナトリウム、ITS+プレミックス、およびTGF−β1を含む高グルコースのDMEMを、細胞培養培地として使用した(ジョーンストーン(Johnstone)ら、1998、ヨー(Yoo)ら、1998)。7、14、および21日目に、Cart−1、コラーゲンタイプIIおよびコンドロアドヘリンをコードする軟骨に特異的な遺伝子産物について、RT−PCRによって細胞画分を分析した。また、USSC類を、沈降培養物中で使用した。2週間後に、デワックス(Dewax)セクションを、室温で15分間、4%パラホルムアルデヒドによって固定し、エタノール中で洗浄した。セクションを、1%アルシアンブルー/3%酢酸、pH2,5によって5分間染色し、蒸留水中で洗浄した。それらは、アルシアンブルー染色によって示されるように、特異的なプロテオグリカンの陽性染色を明らかに示す(チャオ(Chao)ら、1993)。14日の軟骨形成誘発期の後に、細胞を、標準プロトコルに従って固定し、蛍光顕微鏡によって分析したところ(ロゼンバウム(Rosenbaum)ら、1998)、コラーゲンタイプIIに特異的な細胞外マトリックスの存在が示された(図13B)。
10-6Mのデキサメタゾン、50μg/mlのアスコルビン酸、および10mMのβ−グリセロホスフェートを含むH5100中で、USSCを培養したところ、オイルレッド染色によって示されるように、脂肪細胞へのUSSC類の部分的な分化が得られた(ラミレズ−ザカリアス(Ramirez-Zacarias)ら、1992)。
神経膠細胞のための細胞単離および培養条件
製造者(ミルテニイ・バイオテク(Miltenyi Biotec)、バーギシュ・グラドバッハ(Bergisch Gladbach))の指示に従って、VS+分離カラムを使用して、CD14/磁気活性化細胞選別(magnetic Activated Cell Sorting)(MACS)によって、CD14+細胞のために、記載したように得られた単核臍帯血細胞を使い果たした。CD14に使い果たされた単核細胞を、T25培養フラスコ(ヌンクロン(Nunclon))内の10mlの高グルコース培地(4500G/Lのグルコースを含むダルベッコ(Dulbecco´s)MEM)中で、2×106/mlの密度で培養し、完全湿潤雰囲気中で、5%CO2中、37℃でインキュベートした。10−15日後に、培養物中で、神経膠状細胞が検出された。
A)H5100のみの中で、または40pg/mlのPDGFB、10pg/mlのEGF、10pg/mlのIGF−Iの存在下のいずれかで、細胞を7日間増やした。細胞をトリプシン化し、ポリD−リジン(PDL)およびラミニン(laminin)(PDL/lam)によって被覆されたカバースリップ上の24ウェル培養皿において、約3,5×103細胞/cm2の密度で平板培養した。次いで、オールトランスレチノイド酸(10-5M)、bFGF(20ng/ml)、およびNGF−β(50ng/ml)のような誘発剤を変化することにより、ニューロン分化を開始した。
誘発期間(27日)後、細胞を、標準プロトコルに従って固定して、神経特異的抗原に対する抗体によって染色した。蛍光および透過光顕微鏡を用いて、標本を分析した。
10ng/ml PDGFBB、10ng/ml EGF、10ng/ml IGFを補充したH5100培地(ステムセル・テクノロジー(StemCell Technology))において、37℃、5%CO2で、1×104個のUSSC類を、それらの融合度が70%に達するまで培養した。その後、細胞を、10μMの5’−アザシチジン(シグマ(Sigma))と共に24時間インキュベートし、PBSによって2回洗浄し、そして、100ng/mlのbFGF(シグマ(Sigma))を補充したH5100培地中で培養した。分化培地において1週間後、細胞の形態が変化した(図15)。10日後、細胞を、トリプシン化し、免疫染色のために、フィブロネクチンによって被覆したガラスチャンバースライドへ移した。
細胞を、5%ホルムアルデヒド/PBSによって15分間固定し、pH7.3のPBS中で2回洗浄した。標準プロトコルを使用して、抗骨格(anti-skeletal)ミオシン(遅い)特異的第一抗体(クローンNOQ7.5.4D、1:400)(緑で示す)と共に、そして、抗CD13第一抗体(赤で示す)またはモノクローナル抗骨格ミオシン第一抗体(クローンMY−32、1:4000)と共に、細胞をインキュベートした。上記培養条件下で培養されたUSSC類について、染色は陽性であった(図16)。
長期間(継代5〜8)、適当な増加培地(expansion medium)中で成長する3つの異なるUSSC類の調製物(30%のFCSを含むDME培地中のUSSCKCB55、デキサメタゾンを含むH5100培地中のUSSCKCB12、デキサメタゾンを含むメセンカルト(MesenCult)培地中のUSSCKCB13、およびPEIを含むH5100培地中のUSSCGK12)を、造血特異培養培地(メトカルト(Methocult)4434)中で24ウェルプレートにおいて、250μl(2×104−2×105細胞)の細胞懸濁液中へ3回(in triplicate)接種した。50個を超える細胞のコロニーを数えて、確立された規準に従って、顆粒細胞/マクロファージ(CFU−GM)、初期赤血球(BFU−E)前駆細胞または多能性(CFU-GEMM)前駆細胞由来のように分類した。分化条件下で、異なる培養物中のコロニー形成が、観察の1週間から始まり、3週間まで続くことが明らかになった。USSC調製物が、異なる系統の多数のコロニーに進化し、これにより、これらの細胞が、造血を引き起こし得ることが証明された。
オステオカルシン、オステオポンチン、骨シアロ蛋白質、アルカリホスファターゼ、PDGFRαおよびEGFレセプターからの特異的cDNA配列の増幅のためのPCRプライマーを、それらを、それらのそれぞれ生み出されるDNAフラグメントの大きさで区別し得るために、異なる各エクソンから選択した。
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DAG デキサメタゾン、アスコルビン酸、およびβ−グリセロホスフェートを含む骨形成分化培地
HLA ヒト白血球抗原
MSC 間葉幹細胞
PEI PDGF−BB、EGFおよびIGFを含む培地
SSEA4 段階に特異的な初期抗原4
USSC 非制限体幹細胞
PG プロテオグリカン
Claims (3)
- 心筋疾患の治療における使用のための薬剤であって、下記(i)〜(iv)の性質を有する非制限体幹細胞(USSCs)を含む前記薬剤。
(i)CD45およびCD14表面抗原に対して陰性であり;
(ii)CD13、CD29、CD44およびCD49e抗原に対して陽性であり;
(iii)YB1、AML−1、RUNX−1、およびフィブリン−2を発現し;および
(iv)ヒアルロナンシンターゼ、フィブロモジュリン、および1NFLSを発現しない。 - 前記薬剤が前記非制限体幹細胞をインビトロで分化せしめた子孫をさらに含む請求項1の薬剤。
- 非制限体幹細胞が、へその緒の臍帯血または胎盤血から単離されたものである請求項1または2項に記載の薬剤。
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| EP (1) | EP1404815B1 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP4799804B2 (ja) |
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