JP4807643B2 - 固体高分子型燃料電池及び燃料電池システム - Google Patents
固体高分子型燃料電池及び燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP4807643B2 JP4807643B2 JP2005223328A JP2005223328A JP4807643B2 JP 4807643 B2 JP4807643 B2 JP 4807643B2 JP 2005223328 A JP2005223328 A JP 2005223328A JP 2005223328 A JP2005223328 A JP 2005223328A JP 4807643 B2 JP4807643 B2 JP 4807643B2
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- fuel cell
- water
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- polymer electrolyte
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
ここで、温度勾配を付けたのは、アノード極の集電体およびその近傍と冷却部の間であるが、本燃料電池でもちいる電解質層および触媒層の厚さは薄いため、アノード極の集電体の表面温度とカソード極の集電体の表面温度に大きな差が無いと近似することができる。
また、請求項10に係る本発明の固体高分子型燃料電池は、前記冷却部に接する部位に、送風する機構を設けることを特徴とする。また、請求項11に係る本発明の固体高分子型燃料電池は、前記アノード室は、内部に保水材を備えることを特徴とする。
また、請求項12に係る本発明の固体高分子型燃料電池は、前記アノード室は、内部に蓄積された水を前記アノード室の外部に導水し、一端を前記アノード室の底部に配置された導水シートを有することを特徴とする。また、請求項13に係る本発明の固体高分子型燃料電池は、前記導水シートがパーフルオロスルホン酸ポリマーと二酸化チタンの混合物(例えば、酸化チタン(TiO 2 )とナフィオン(商標)など)であることを特徴とする。
また、請求項14に係る本発明の固体高分子型燃料電池は、前記アノード極の燃料がホウ素の水素化物から得られた水素ガスであることを特徴とする。
また、発電セルを動かした場合においても、アノード室に保水材を配置することで、液体の水が揺動することを防ぎ、アノード室の水素ガスが通気パスを閉塞することを抑制した。
カソード極触媒層11、及び、アノード極触媒層2に用いる触媒はカーボンに担持した白金を用いることが出来る。また、電極の触媒元素として、白金に限らず各種貴金属やその合金、およびその酸化物を用いる事が出来る。カソード極集電材14やアノード極集電材4として金属多孔質体を用いることができる。特に、カソード極集電材14として、発泡金属体が優れる。
、第2の容器の内圧との差圧によって第2の容器115に格納されるリンゴ酸水溶液が第1の容器113に導入され、次の水素発生が生じる。
2 アノード極触媒層
3 ガス拡散層
4 アノード極集電材
5 伝導熱緩衝材
6 燃料ガス供給口
7 冷却部
8 導水路
9 アノード極パッキン
10 カソード極パッキン
11 カソード極触媒層
12 ガス拡散層
13 カソード極リード
14 カソード極集電材
15 集電材押さえ
16 アノード室
17 発電素子
18 溝を有したアノード室低温部
19 凹凸を有したアノード室低温部
20、21 アルミニウム製の板状フィン
22 ペルチェ素子
23 送風ファン
24 吸気口
25 排気口
26 伝熱抑制物質
27 保水材
Claims (15)
- 発電素子としてプロトン導電性の樹脂を有する電解質層の一方の面にアノード極を備え、他方の面にカソード極を備え、前記アノード極及び前記カソード極は、それぞれ触媒層を有する固体高分子型燃料電池において、
前記アノード極に隣接し、燃料を蓄えるアノード室を有し、
前記アノード室は、
前記アノード室を構成する部材の一部に、前記発電素子と温度勾配を設けて前記発電素子で生成される水を凝集する冷却部と、
凝集された前記水を前記発電素子及び前記アノード室の外部へ導出するための導水路と
を有することを特徴とする固体高分子型燃料電池。 - 前記アノード極は、前記アノード室に対向する側が撥水処理されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記アノード室は、前記導水路周辺が親水処理されていることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記冷却部と前記発電素子との間に伝熱抑制物を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記冷却部が金属材料からなることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記アノード極を同じ側に向けて前記発電素子を複数個同一平面上に配置し、複数個の前記冷却部を熱的に接続して、前記冷却部のそれぞれの温度差を低減させる構造を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記アノード極の前記冷却部に放熱手段を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記冷却部と前記カソード極の大気に開放されない部分を伝熱抑制物質で覆うことを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記冷却部に接する部位に、ペルチェ素子を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記冷却部に接する部位に、送風する機構を設けることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記アノード室は、内部に保水材を備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記アノード室は、内部に蓄積された水を前記アノード室の外部に導水し、一端を前記アノード室の底部に配置された導水シートを有することを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記導水シートがパーフルオロスルホン酸ポリマーと二酸化チタンの混合物であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 前記アノード極の燃料がホウ素の水素化物から得られた水素ガスであることを特徴とする請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 水素を含む第一の燃料と酸素を含む第二の燃料とが、発電部で電気化学反応をすることにより、発電を行う燃料電池システムにおいて、
前記発電部と、
前記発電部に隣接し、第一の燃料が供給される燃料室と、
前記発電部で発生した水を、前記発電部との温度勾配により凝集させる冷却部と、
凝集した前記水を前記燃料室に供給する供給部と
を備えることを特徴とする燃料電池システム。
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