JP4896018B2 - レーザー外科手術、他の光学的適用のための複合変調伝達関数 - Google Patents
レーザー外科手術、他の光学的適用のための複合変調伝達関数 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、米国願第10/738,358号(2003年12月5日出願(米国代理人整理番号018158-02220US)(米国仮出願第60/519,885号(2003年11月13日出願(米国代理人整理番号18158-022310))、米国仮出願第60/468,387号(2003年5月5日出願(米国代理人整理番号18158-022300))、米国仮出願第60/468,303号(2003年5月5日出願(米国代理人整理番号18158-022210))、および米国仮出願第60/431,634号(2002年12月6日出願(米国代理人整理番号18158-022200))に基づく。)の一部継続出願である(これらはここに参考文献として組み込まれる)
は、老視のような視力条件の処理の有効性を評価するためのパラメータを提供することができる。しばし、CMTFは特定の視覚的なアウトカムと相関する。
Press等著、"Numerical Recipes in C++"、Cambridge University Press、2002年
形状(r)= ar + br2 + cr3+ dr4 + er5 + fr6
W(r)=ar+br2+cr3+dr4+er5+・・・
W(r)=ar2+br4+cr6+dr8+・・・
W(r)=Wij,(i=1,2,・・・,M; j=1,2,・・・,M)
ここで、Wijはフリーパラメータである(M×M)。
本発明はまた、特定の患者における、老視および他の視覚上の状況を緩和または処理する、あつらえられ最適化された、現実的な処方形状を与えるシステムを提供する。システムは、上記した方法および原理にしたがって構成される。
処方処方形状の決定
近くの視力=-2.103+0.37879*瞳孔の大きさ(薄暗い)(図27)
遠方の視力=0.40001-0.0677*瞳孔の大きさ(薄暗い)(図26)
グラフから二つの式を等しいとして、交差点に対して解くことができる。
-2.103+0.37879*瞳孔の大きさ(薄暗い)=0.40001-0.0677*瞳孔の大きさ(薄暗い)
瞳孔の大きさ(薄暗い)=2.4/0.45=5.33mm
中央部分の直径=PSR*特定の患者の瞳孔の直径
上記例では、特定の患者を処理するための、大きさが決定された屈折形状の中央部分の直径はつぎの通りである。
(2.5/5.3)*7mm=3.3mm
MRS(有効な遠方での屈折力)=-2.87 + 0.42*瞳孔の大きさ(薄暗い)(ジオプトリ)
式A:有効な遠方での屈折力=C0 + A(「瞳孔直径」)
方程式B:屈折力=C0+A(「瞳孔直径」)+B(「瞳孔直径」)2+C(「瞳孔直径」)3+・・・
ここで、C0、A、B、Cは定数。この方程式は、所望の関係をモデル化するために使用することができる多くのもののひとつである。同様の非線形方程式が下述するように、所望の有効屈折力をモデル化するために使用することができる。また、線形および非線形方程式の両方が、下述するように、ターゲットマニフェストをモデル化するために使用することができる。
近傍視力=A0+A(「マニフェスト」)+B(「マニフェスト」)2+C(「マニフェスト」)3+・・・
遠方視力=A0+A(「マニフェスト」)+B(「マニフェスト」)2+C(「マニフェスト」)3+・・・
近傍視力=0.34+0.67(マニフェスト)
遠方視力=-0.04-0.13(マニフェスト)
0.34+0.67(マニフェスト)=-0.04-0.13(マニフェスト)
マニフェスト=(-0.04-0.34)/(0.67+0.13)=-0.48[ジオプトリ]
表4
屈折力/形状要求=C0+A(「瞳孔直径」)
ここで屈折力/形状要求は特定の「瞳孔直径」での屈折形状の屈折力であり、C0は処方屈折形状の中央屈折力のアドであり、Aは次のように計算される。
A=(PRC-C0)/PDP
ここでPRCは特定の患者の屈折力の変化要求であり、PDPは瞳孔の直径パラメータ(たとえば、患者が無限遠を凝視したとき、測定された瞳孔の直径を、患者が、同じ明るさの条件の下で近傍にある対象を見たとき、測定された瞳孔の直径から引くことにより得られる)である。上記の値が与えられたとき、屈折力/形状要求(PRS)は次の通りに計算される。
PSR=-3.1ジオプトリ+[(-2.5ジオプトリー−-3.1ジオプトリ)/0.5mm](「瞳孔直径」)
すなわち
PSR=-3.1ジオプトリ+1.2(「瞳孔直径」)
F.1 遠方で正視(明るい条件および薄明かりの条件)
a. これはアドの最大直径を決定する。
F.2 近傍で、-2.5ジオプトリ(患者が望めばそれ以上)の有効な屈折力をもつ。
F.3 付加と処理の組み合わせに対して屈折力の変化のレートが次の四つのうちのひとつである。
i. 明るい状況で遠方から近傍と同じ屈折力の変化のレート
ii. 薄明るい状況で遠方から近傍と同じ屈折力の変化のレート
iii. 暗い状況で遠方から近傍と屈折力の変化のレート
iv. 上記と同様の非線形の変化のレート、ただし、遠方の視力と近傍の視力とが同時によくなるように最適化
「屈折力」/「形状要求」
=C0+A(「瞳孔直径」)+B(「瞳孔直径」)2+C(「瞳孔直径」)3+…
d(「屈折力」)/d(「瞳孔直径」)=A
線形の係数を解くと、
A=(「屈折力要求」-C0)/(「瞳孔の直径の変化レート」)
「近傍視力」=-2.103+0.37879*瞳孔の大きさ(薄暗い)
「遠方視力」=0.40001-0.0677*瞳孔の大きさ(薄暗い)
Claims (22)
- 特定の患者の眼の視覚条件を緩和または処理する光学的表面形状を形成するシステムであって、
(a)患者のパラメータのセットを受け入れる入力手段と、
(b)患者の眼の瞳孔の寸法に基づいてカットオフ空間周波数を決定するモジュールと、
(c)眼の視覚条件に適した光学的質のゲージを使用して、特定の患者のパラメータのセットに基づいて特定の患者のための光学的表面形状を決定するモジュールと、
を有し、
光学的質のゲージは複合変調伝達関数(CMTF)パラメータからなり、CMTFに基づいた複合変調伝達関数パラメータは複数の明確に異なる周波数での変調伝達関数(MTF)の組み合わせであり、複数の明確に異なる周波数のそれぞれはカットオフ空間周波数を超えない、
ことを特徴とするシステム。 - 特定の患者の眼の角膜形状を第一の形状から改良された矯正光学的特性をもつ第二の形状に再度輪郭付けするためのシステムであって、
(a)患者のパラメータのセットを受け入れる入力手段と、
(b)眼の視覚条件に適した光学的質のゲージを使用して、特定の患者のパラメータのセットに基づいて特定の患者のための光学的表面形状を決定するモジュールと、
(c)患者の眼の瞳孔の寸法に基づいてカットオフ空間周波数を決定するモジュールと、
(d)切除輪郭を発生するプロセッサと、
(e)角膜の表面を第一の形状から決定された光学的表面形状に対応する第二の形状に再度輪郭付けするために切除輪郭にしたがってレーザーエネルギーを角膜に向けるレーザーシステムと、
を含み、
光学的質のゲージは複合変調伝達関数(CMTF)パラメータからなり、CMTFに基づいた複合変調伝達関数パラメータは複数の明確に異なる周波数での変調伝達関数(MTF)の組み合わせであり、複数の明確に異なる周波数のそれぞれはカットオフ空間周波数を超えない、
ことを特徴とするシステム。 - CMTFが回折限定MTFに正規化される、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。
- 複数の明確に異なる周波数におけるMTFの線形の組み合わせである、請求項3に記載のシステム。
- CMTFが次の式にしたがって計算され、
ここで、nはMTF曲線の数で、αiはi番目の回折限界MTFの逆数で、hiはi番目のMTF曲線である、請求項4に記載のシステム。 - MTFが次の式にしたがって計算され、
ここで、MTF1、MTF2およびMTF3はそれぞれ、5サイクル/度から20サイクル/度の範囲、15サイクル/度から45サイクル/度の範囲、および30サイクル/度から75サイクル/度の範囲にあるMTF値をもつ、請求項1または2記載のシステム。 - MTF1、MTF2およびMTF3がそれぞれ、10サイクル/度、20サイクル/度および30サイクル/度でのMTF値である、請求項6に記載のシステム。
- 重み係数α1、α2、α3は、1/α1、1/α2、1/α3がそれぞれこれら空間周波数での回折制限MTFであるように選択される、請求項6に記載のシステム。
- ある空間周波数でのひとつのMTFがターゲットのひとつの角度範囲に対応し、複合MTFが回折限界MTFにより正規化された異なる空間周波数でのMTFの線形組み合わせとして計算される、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。
- CMTFが視力結果を予想するために使用される、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- CMTFが次の式にしたがって計算され、
ここで、νはよせ運動の関数で、αiはi番目の回折限界MTFの逆数である、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。 - CMTFが10、20、および30サイクル/度での三つのMTFからなる、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- CMTFが1の値をもつ、請求項12に記載のシステム。
- CMTFが0.2から0.3の範囲の値をもつ、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- CMTFが3ジオプトリーのよせ運動を超えて計算される、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。
- 明確に異なる周波数の変調伝達関数が10、20および30サイクル/度でのMTFからなる、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。
- 明確に異なる周波数の変調伝達関数が15、30および60サイクル/度でのMTFからなる、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。
- 明確に異なる周波数の変調伝達関数が30、45および60サイクル/度でのMTFからなる、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。
- 明確に異なる周波数の変調伝達関数が、5サイクル/度から20サイクル/度の範囲にある少なくとも一つのMTF、15サイクル/度から45サイクル/度の範囲にある少なくとも一つのMTF、および30サイクル/度から75サイクル/度の範囲にある少なくとも一つからなる、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。
- CMTFが、目的関数として最適化ルーティーンで使用される、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。
- 視覚条件が老視である、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。
- MTF1、MTF2およびMTF3はそれぞれ、10サイクル/度、20サイクル/度、および30サイクル/度の範囲のMTF値をもち、視覚条件が老視である、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。
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| US10/911,400 | 2004-08-03 | ||
| US10/911,400 US7320517B2 (en) | 2002-12-06 | 2004-08-03 | Compound modulation transfer function for laser surgery and other optical applications |
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| JP2008508940A JP2008508940A (ja) | 2008-03-27 |
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| EP (1) | EP1781160A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4896018B2 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2005274094B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0514069A (ja) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US8348425B2 (en) | 2013-01-08 |
| WO2006020422A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
| US8220925B2 (en) | 2012-07-17 |
| EP1781160A4 (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| US8029137B2 (en) | 2011-10-04 |
| US20090086163A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
| US20080129962A1 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
| US8714742B2 (en) | 2014-05-06 |
| US20120026460A1 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
| US20110128497A1 (en) | 2011-06-02 |
| CA2575202C (en) | 2013-09-03 |
| US20050254006A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
| US20130235340A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
| JP2008508940A (ja) | 2008-03-27 |
| US7475986B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 |
| US7862170B2 (en) | 2011-01-04 |
| EP1781160A1 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
| US7320517B2 (en) | 2008-01-22 |
| AU2005274094A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
| BRPI0514069A (pt) | 2008-05-27 |
| AU2005274094B2 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
| CA2575202A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
| US20120249950A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
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