JP5000301B2 - 亜鉛ランタノイドスルホン酸電解質 - Google Patents
亜鉛ランタノイドスルホン酸電解質 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5000301B2 JP5000301B2 JP2006533002A JP2006533002A JP5000301B2 JP 5000301 B2 JP5000301 B2 JP 5000301B2 JP 2006533002 A JP2006533002 A JP 2006533002A JP 2006533002 A JP2006533002 A JP 2006533002A JP 5000301 B2 JP5000301 B2 JP 5000301B2
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- aqueous solution
- sulfonic acid
- metal
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 53
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 23
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title description 62
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 41
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 39
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title description 30
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 36
- -1 alkyl sulfonic acid Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl methanesulfonate Chemical compound COS(C)(=O)=O MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- USJXWXWQXACJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-J cerium(4+);methanesulfonate Chemical compound [Ce+4].CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O USJXWXWQXACJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 5
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N (2E)-2-Tetradecenal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=O WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RBOISUKOFPWLAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloroethane-1,1-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(Cl)(CCl)S(O)(=O)=O RBOISUKOFPWLAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XYONNSVDNIRXKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N S-methyl methanethiosulfonate Chemical compound CSS(C)(=O)=O XYONNSVDNIRXKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QDHFHIQKOVNCNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCS(O)(=O)=O QDHFHIQKOVNCNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JFABEGSTCBAFEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(Cl)S(O)(=O)=O JFABEGSTCBAFEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VRTISJSEHVIMNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)S(O)(=O)=O VRTISJSEHVIMNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DBNBYVDVUHEYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,1-disulfonate;hydron Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(C)S(O)(=O)=O DBNBYVDVUHEYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OPUAWDUYWRUIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CS(O)(=O)=O OPUAWDUYWRUIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RJQRCOMHVBLQIH-UHFFFAOYSA-M pentane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O RJQRCOMHVBLQIH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorobutanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940044654 phenolsulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- CAXRKYFRLOPCAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-disulfonic acid Chemical compound CCC(S(O)(=O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O CAXRKYFRLOPCAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCS(O)(=O)=O KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonyldimethane Chemical compound CS(C)(=O)=O HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JIRHAGAOHOYLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methanol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1OC1CCCC1 JIRHAGAOHOYLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BMWQTFJPPVXOQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethane-1,1-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(CCl)S(O)(=O)=O BMWQTFJPPVXOQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LKKLYYNHLAODSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropane-1,1-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(S(O)(=O)=O)CCCl LKKLYYNHLAODSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MGNVWUDMMXZUDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCCS(O)(=O)=O MGNVWUDMMXZUDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XPQVQIJYDXCEKC-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);methanesulfonate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O XPQVQIJYDXCEKC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- QMMFBGBMARGVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloro(methylsulfonyl)methane Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C(Cl)Cl QMMFBGBMARGVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCS(O)(=O)=O AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GFVFSDOUTPEEBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(methylsulfonyl)methane Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl GFVFSDOUTPEEBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MKRZFOIRSLOYCE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;methanesulfonate Chemical group [Zn+2].CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O MKRZFOIRSLOYCE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- KFFCDODWCSQWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-I [V+5].CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O Chemical group [V+5].CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O KFFCDODWCSQWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 17
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- ITZXULOAYIAYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(4+) Chemical class [Ce+4] ITZXULOAYIAYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CGVZRWUCHHGMCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCS(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O.C(CS(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O Chemical compound C(CCS(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O.C(CS(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O CGVZRWUCHHGMCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRXYMHTYEQQBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Br].[Zn] Chemical compound [Br].[Zn] ZRXYMHTYEQQBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[S] Chemical compound [Na].[S] BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010349 cathodic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001785 cerium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XQTIWNLDFPPCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+) Chemical compound [Ce+3] XQTIWNLDFPPCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BYAJTISDHIASIP-UHFFFAOYSA-J cerium(4+);trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Ce+4].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F BYAJTISDHIASIP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLXBWPOEOIIREY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl diselenide Natural products C[Se][Se]C VLXBWPOEOIIREY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
- C25B3/01—Products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
- C25B3/20—Processes
- C25B3/23—Oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/54—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups C25D3/04 - C25D3/50
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/565—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of zinc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/122—Ionic conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0005—Acid electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Description
リチウムイオン電池は、100%近い効率、高エネルギー密度および長いライフサイクルを有する。小規模な用途にとっては有用であるが、大規模な使用に関しては、約600ドル/kWhという本質的に高いコストが主な欠点である。
この実施例は、遊離メタンスルホン酸の、低濃度の亜鉛イオン含有溶液の導電率への効果を示す。Zn+2濃度を32.5グラム/リットル(g/L)で一定にして、なおかつ遊離CH3SO3Hを0〜300g/Lの間で変化させて、Zn(CH3SO3)2溶液を調製した。各溶液を65℃になるまで熱し、導電率は以下の表に示すようにmS/cmで記録した。
この実施例は、遊離メタンスルホン酸の、高濃度の亜鉛イオン含有溶液の導電率への影響を示す。Zn+2濃度を32.5g/Lで一定にして、なおかつ遊離CH3SO3Hを0〜500g/Lの間で変化させて、Zn(CH3SO3)2溶液を調製した。各溶液を65℃になるまで熱し、導電率は以下の表に示すようにmS/cmで記録した。
この実施例は、遊離メタンスルホン酸の、高濃度の遊離亜鉛イオン含有溶液中における、亜鉛析出についての陰極効率への影響を示す。
この実施例は、ホウ酸濃度および遊離メタンスルホン酸濃度の、亜鉛イオン含有溶液の導電率への影響を示す。Zn+2濃度を65g/Lで一定にして、なおかつ遊離CH3SO3Hを0〜300g/Lの間で変化させて、Zn(CH3SO3)2溶液を調製した。各溶液を65℃になるまで熱し、導電率は以下の表に示すようにmS/cmで記録した。
この実施例は、ホウ酸濃度および遊離メタンスルホン酸濃度の、高濃度の遊離亜鉛イオン含有溶液中における、亜鉛析出についての陰極効率への影響を示す。
この実施例は、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸リチウム塩の濃度ならびに遊離メタンスルホン酸濃度の、亜鉛イオン含有溶液の導電率への影響を示す。Zn+2濃度を65g/Lで一定にして、なおかつ遊離CH3SO3Hを0〜300g/Lの間で変化させて、Zn(CH3SO3)2溶液を調製した。各溶液を65℃になるまで熱し、導電率は以下の表に示すようにmS/cmで記録した。
この実施例は、遊離メタンスルホン酸濃度の、Ce+3イオンの存在下での亜鉛析出についての陰極効率への影響を示す。
この実施例は、遊離メタンスルホン酸濃度の、Ce+3イオンおよびCe+4イオンの存在下での亜鉛析出についての陰極効率への影響を示す。
この実施例は、種々の濃度のメタンスルホン酸に関する、セリウム(IV)塩の溶解度の影響を示す。それらに相応するメタンスルホン酸塩でメタンスルホン酸塩から65g/LのZn+2および70g/LのCe+3を含有する水溶液を調製した。メタンスルホン酸セリウム(IV)塩を徐々に加えて、少なくとも24時間溶解させておいた。黄色の沈殿物がCe+4飽和の開始を示した。
この実施例では、低濃度のメタンスルホン酸に関する、セリウム(IV)塩の溶解度の影響を示す。それに相応するメタンスルホン酸塩で65g/LのZn+2および70g/LのCe+3を含有する水溶液を調製した。メタンスルホン酸セリウム(IV)塩を徐々に加えて、少なくとも24時間溶解させておいた。黄色の沈殿物がCe+4飽和の開始を示した。
この実施例では、微量不純物の、活性金属の溶解中の望ましくない臭気の生成への影響を示す。亜鉛金属を、亜鉛イオン濃度が65g/Lになるまで、精製70%MSAに入れて溶解した。亜鉛金属の溶解の間、臭気は認められなかった。亜鉛金属を、10mg/Lのメチルメタンスルホン酸塩(MMTS)(CH3SO2SCH3)を含む70%MSAにも入れて溶解した。溶解の間、刺激臭が認められた。
Claims (29)
- 電気化学的エネルギー貯蔵装置のための電解質水溶液であって、
(a)ジメチルジスルフィド(CH3SSCH3)、ジメチルスルフィド(CH3SCH3)、ジメチルスルホン(CH3SO2CH3)、トリクロロメチルメチルスルホン(CH3SO2CCl3)、ジクロロメチルメチルスルホン(CH3SO2CHCl2)、メチルメタンチオスルホネート(CH3SO2SCH3)、およびメチルメタンスルホネート(CH3SO3SCH3)が合計量で50mg/L未満である高純度スルホン酸と、
(b)0価の酸化状態に還元可能な酸化された状態にある2B族金属の1種以上の金属と、
(c)金属状態に還元不可能な酸化された状態にあるランタノイド系列の1種以上の金属と、
を含み、
遊離のスルホン酸が1〜300g/Lである水溶液。 - 前記高純度スルホン酸が、アルキルモノスルホン酸、アルキルポリスルホン酸、アリールモノスルホン酸、アリールポリスルホン酸、またはそれらの混合物から誘導されたものである請求項1の水溶液。
- 前記スルホン酸が、メタンスルホン酸、エタンスルホン酸、プロパンスルホン酸、メタンジスルホン酸、モノクロロメタンジスルホン酸、ジクロロメタンジスルホン酸、1,1−エタンジスルホン酸、2−クロロ−1,1−エタンジスルホン酸、1,2−ジクロロ−1,1−エタンジスルホン酸、1,1−プロパンジスルホン酸、3−クロロ−1,1−プロパンジスルホン酸、1,2−エチレンジスルホン酸、1,3−プロピレンジスルホン酸、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸、ブタンスルホン酸、ペルフルオロブタンスルホン酸、ペンタンスルホン酸、フェニルスルホン酸、フェノールスルホン酸、p−トルエンスルホン酸およびキシレンスルホン酸より選択される一種又は二種以上の混合物である請求項1の水溶液。
- 前記高純度スルホン酸が、溶液1リットル当たり10〜300gの濃度を有する請求項1の水溶液。
- 前記高純度スルホン酸が、溶液1リットル当たり30〜300gの濃度を有する請求項1の水溶液。
- pHが0.5〜4である請求項1の水溶液。
- 前記高純度スルホン酸が、スルホン酸の混合物である請求項1の水溶液。
- 個々の金属塩は、溶液1リットル当たり1〜500gの濃度で使用される請求項9の水溶液。
- 個々の金属塩は、溶液1リットル当たり10〜400gの濃度で使用される請求項9の水溶液。
- 個々の金属塩は、溶液1リットル当たり30〜150gの濃度で使用される請求項9の水溶液。
- 前記高純度スルホン酸が、メタンスルホン酸、エタンスルホン酸、プロパンスルホン酸、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸またはそれらの混合物である請求項9の水溶液。
- 前記スルホン酸金属塩が、メタンスルホン酸亜鉛である請求項9の水溶液。
- 前記スルホン酸金属塩が、メタンスルホン酸セリウム(III)である請求項9の水溶液。
- 前記スルホン酸金属塩が、メタンスルホン酸セリウム(IV)である請求項9の水溶液。
- 前記アルカンスルホン酸金属塩が、メタンスルホン酸バナジウムである請求項9の水溶液。
- 前記溶液のpH調整のために緩衝剤が添加される請求項1の水溶液。
- 前記緩衝剤がホウ酸である請求項18の水溶液。
- 前記溶液に導電性塩が添加された請求項1の水溶液。
- 前記導電性塩がアンモニウムイオンである請求項20の水溶液。
- 高純度スルホン酸に、2B族金属及びランタノイド系列の一種以上の金属である金属を、純金属、金属炭酸塩、金属酸化物または他の金属塩として、金属イオン濃度が1g/L〜150g/Lとなるように溶解させることによる金属−スルホン酸塩を含む請求項1の水溶液の調製方法。
- 基板上に2B族金属または2B族金属の合金を電気めっきするため溶液中に電流を通すことを含む請求項1の水溶液からの金属析出方法。
- 前記基板が、鋼、銅もしくは銅−合金、ニッケルもしくはニッケル−合金、コバルトもしくはコバルト−合金、耐火性金属もしくは酸化物、炭素の不活性電極または有機基材である請求項23の方法。
- 前記高純度スルホン酸がメタンスルホン酸である請求項23の方法。
- 前記溶液が、スルホン酸と他の無機酸および有機酸との混合物を含む請求項23の方法。
- 直流、パルス電流またはPR電流の波形が使用される請求項23の方法。
- 可溶性もしくは不溶性または不活性なアノードが使用される請求項23の方法。
- 前記溶液の温度が20℃〜95℃である請求項23の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US47165403P | 2003-05-19 | 2003-05-19 | |
| US60/471,654 | 2003-05-19 | ||
| PCT/US2004/014900 WO2004105051A1 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2004-05-13 | Zinc lanthanide sulfonic acid electrolytes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007506261A JP2007506261A (ja) | 2007-03-15 |
| JP5000301B2 true JP5000301B2 (ja) | 2012-08-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2006533002A Expired - Fee Related JP5000301B2 (ja) | 2003-05-19 | 2004-05-13 | 亜鉛ランタノイドスルホン酸電解質 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7452486B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1631969A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5000301B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101092251B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN100547694C (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2004242412B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2526401C (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004105051A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12428372B2 (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2025-09-30 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | ODSO acid medium, ODSO acid mixture medium, and uses thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9399618B2 (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2016-07-26 | Arkema Inc. | High purity electrolytic sulfonic acid solutions |
| US20060272950A1 (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2006-12-07 | Martyak Nicholas M | High purity electrolytic sulfonic acid solutions |
| US8523994B2 (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2013-09-03 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method for reducing hydrogen sulfide evolution from asphalt |
| JP5711133B2 (ja) | 2008-10-07 | 2015-04-30 | プレミアム パワー コーポレイション | エネルギーを移送するためのシステムおよび方法 |
| WO2011140561A1 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-10 | Molycorp Minerals Llc | Lanthanide-mediated photochemical water splitting process for hydrogen and oxygen generation |
| US9685651B2 (en) | 2012-09-05 | 2017-06-20 | Ess Tech, Inc. | Internally manifolded flow cell for an all-iron hybrid flow battery |
| US9614244B2 (en) | 2012-09-05 | 2017-04-04 | Ess Tech, Inc. | Redox and plating electrode systems for an all-iron hybrid flow battery |
| US20190256994A1 (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2019-08-22 | Lumishield Technologies Incorporated | Electrochemical Deposition of Elements in Aqueous Media |
| CN106410249A (zh) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-02-15 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 钒电池正极电解液及提高钒电池正极电解液稳定性的方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US2525942A (en) * | 1945-06-29 | 1950-10-17 | Standard Oil Co | Electrodepositing bath and process |
| US2525943A (en) * | 1947-09-24 | 1950-10-17 | Standard Oil Co | Copper plating bath and process |
| US4701245A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1987-10-20 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Oxidation of organic compounds using a catalyzed cerium (IV) composition |
| US4639298A (en) | 1986-05-05 | 1987-01-27 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Oxidation of organic compounds using ceric ions in aqueous methanesulfonic acid |
| US4647349A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1987-03-03 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Oxidation of organic compounds using ceric ions in aqueous trifluoromethanesulfonic acid |
| US4670108A (en) * | 1986-10-10 | 1987-06-02 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Oxidation of organic compounds using ceric methanesulfonate in an aqueous organic solution |
| US5246553A (en) | 1992-03-05 | 1993-09-21 | Hydro-Quebec | Tetravalent titanium electrolyte and trivalent titanium reducing agent obtained thereby |
| EP0786539A2 (en) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-07-30 | Elf Atochem North America, Inc. | High current density zinc organosulfonate electrogalvanizing process and composition |
| GB2312438A (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1997-10-29 | Ibm | Electrodeposition bath containing zinc salt |
| US6187169B1 (en) | 1996-09-16 | 2001-02-13 | Atofina Chemicals, Inc. | Generation of organosulfonic acid from its salts |
| US6176996B1 (en) | 1997-10-30 | 2001-01-23 | Sungsoo Moon | Tin alloy plating compositions |
| WO2003017407A1 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-02-27 | Eda, Inc. | Improved load leveling battery and methods therefor |
| US6986966B2 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2006-01-17 | Plurion Systems, Inc. | Battery with bifunctional electrolyte |
| US20060272950A1 (en) | 2003-05-12 | 2006-12-07 | Martyak Nicholas M | High purity electrolytic sulfonic acid solutions |
-
2004
- 2004-05-13 EP EP04752030A patent/EP1631969A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-05-13 WO PCT/US2004/014900 patent/WO2004105051A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-05-13 CA CA2526401A patent/CA2526401C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-05-13 CN CNB2004800135963A patent/CN100547694C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-05-13 AU AU2004242412A patent/AU2004242412B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-05-13 US US10/555,361 patent/US7452486B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-05-13 JP JP2006533002A patent/JP5000301B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12428372B2 (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2025-09-30 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | ODSO acid medium, ODSO acid mixture medium, and uses thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2004242412A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
| CA2526401C (en) | 2010-03-23 |
| WO2004105051A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
| US20070051925A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 |
| EP1631969A1 (en) | 2006-03-08 |
| EP1631969A4 (en) | 2010-05-19 |
| US7452486B2 (en) | 2008-11-18 |
| CN100547694C (zh) | 2009-10-07 |
| KR20060017516A (ko) | 2006-02-23 |
| JP2007506261A (ja) | 2007-03-15 |
| AU2004242412B2 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
| KR101092251B1 (ko) | 2011-12-12 |
| HK1089550A1 (zh) | 2006-12-01 |
| CN1791945A (zh) | 2006-06-21 |
| CA2526401A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
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