JP5116020B2 - Ground reinforcement mat and ground stabilization method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ground reinforcing mat that stabilizes the ground by laying on soft ground, and a ground stabilization method using the same.

  Conventionally, in order to stabilize soft ground, the dredging method (logging the soft ground with logs and dispersing load) and the cobblestone foundation method (laying a lot of cobbles on the soft ground and compacting with a vibrator etc. And a method suitable for shallow soft ground with ground restraint, such as distributing load, and pile net method (after driving piles such as wood, concrete, steel, etc. into soft ground to an appropriate depth, There is a method suitable for deep soft ground, such as connecting pile heads with a connecting material such as a rope, and laying a civil engineering sheet on the top of the pile. The dredging method and the cobblestone foundation method are methods suitable for shallow soft ground, but there are problems that support and restraint with the shallow ground are low and installation is troublesome. On the other hand, the pile net method is suitable for the deep soft ground method, but the support constraint of the deep ground is high, but there is a problem that the load distribution of the shallow ground is weak. There was a problem that there was no product that had both heavy dispersion.

  This invention solves the said subject, and the place made into the objective is to stabilize a soft ground reliably without taking an effort.

The first configuration according to the present invention for achieving the above object is to form a projecting tip and a flat top surface in order to reinforce the ground and restrain deformation, and the head is A plurality of reinforcing blocks, each of which is a polygonal column or a cylinder, the tip of which is formed in a projecting shape is formed in a polygonal pyramid or conical shape, and an adhesive or fixed body on the top surface of the plurality of reinforcing blocks A sheet made of woven fabric or non-woven fabric, or a stretched resin sheet having a thickness of 3 mm or less, in which the plurality of reinforcing blocks are aligned and integrally bonded or fixed, and the adjacent reinforcements A ground reinforcing mat, wherein the blocks are in contact with each other .

According to a second configuration of the present invention, the reinforcing block is made of concrete, wood or resin alone, or the reinforcing block body is made of concrete, wood or resin, and has a protruding tip. The ground reinforcing mat according to the first configuration, wherein the portion is made of metal or resin .

According to a third configuration of the present invention, the plurality of reinforcing blocks are formed with through holes penetrating from the top surface to the projecting tip portion. The ground reinforcing mat described in 1. above .

A fourth configuration according to the present invention is the ground reinforcement mat according to the third configuration, in which a metal or resin tube is disposed on an inner peripheral surface of the through hole.
According to a fifth configuration of the present invention, in the sheet according to any one of the first to fourth configurations, the tensile strength in the length direction is at least twice the weight of the reinforcing block. This is a ground reinforcing mat .

According to a sixth configuration of the present invention, the sheet is lifted by gripping both ends of the mat to which the reinforcing block is bonded and fixed, and laid to remove the grip of the end of the mat. The ground reinforcing mat according to any one of the first to fifth configurations, wherein the mat is not longer than a length of a side surface portion of the reinforcing block head portion .

According to a seventh configuration of the present invention, there is provided a placing step of placing the tip portion of the ground reinforcement mat according to any one of the first to sixth aspects toward the ground, and the reinforcement of the ground reinforcement mat. A ground stabilization method characterized by comprising a fixing step of restraining and fixing the ground surface by inserting the reinforcing block into the ground by applying a load from a position corresponding to the top surface of the building block .

According to the first configuration, the mat can be configured only by integrally bonding or fixing a plurality of fixed reinforcing blocks to the sheet by an adhesive body or a fixed body on the top surface of the reinforcing block. Thus, it is possible to save time and labor for assembling and compacting, laying pile connection rope, etc. as in the case of the dredging method, cobblestone foundation method and pile net method. In addition, each reinforcing block is fixed by sticking the tip portion formed in a projecting manner to the ground, and they are integrally aligned with the sheet. Therefore, the sheet blocks the reinforcing block vertically and horizontally. Since the gripping force is applied in the direction, tension is generated on the seat, and the top surface of the reinforcing block can be easily flattened.The mat is fixed to the ground at multiple locations, providing a reinforcing effect on the soft ground surface, and the ground supporting force is increased. appear. Moreover, even if a high load weight is applied on the reinforcing block , the load weight is dispersed, so that the ground can be stabilized reliably.

Each reinforcing block has a weight of 8 kg or less, preferably 6 kg or less, and is lightweight as a block. Therefore, the reinforcing block is integrally bonded and fixed to the sheet and has the above-described characteristics.

In addition , since the head of the reinforcing block is formed in a polygonal column or a columnar shape, when the head around the top surface of the adjacent reinforcing block comes into contact, it surely comes into contact. For this reason, the side surfaces of the mutual reinforcing blocks do not enter, and the flatness of the top surface of the fixing block does not collapse.

In addition , since it is a cloth sheet, it has excellent laying operability due to its flexibility, and since it has high strength in the vertical and horizontal directions of the sheet, it is easy to ensure the flatness of the top surface of the fixed reinforcing block. It has drainage performance that has the effect of preventing suction. Furthermore, since it has air permeability, it is excellent in the permeability of the adhesive, and the sheet and each fixing block can be easily held integrally.

According to the second configuration, the fixed block material is composed of concrete, wood, and resin, and can be used alone, but the projecting tip portion is further composed of a metal or resin having a strong tensile force. Thus, it is possible to improve the prevention of cracking of the tip portion.

According to the third configuration, the pore water in the soft ground is drained to the ground surface side through the sheet on which the reinforcing block is fixed, and when the through hole is further retained in the fixed reinforcing block, Since the drainage performance can be improved by combining the sheet alone and the through hole holding block combined, the stability of the ground is further promoted.

According to the fourth configuration, since there is a metal or resin tube, the strength of the tip of the fixing block is increased, and the number of holes due to block breakage is reduced, so that drainage performance can be maintained.

According to the fifth configuration, when the mat for soft ground is suspended and laid by increasing the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the sheet, the tension on the sheet generated when the reinforcing block is loaded on the mat and the heavy machinery The external force such as swinging or wind acts to prevent breakage, and the laying work can be performed safely. This tensile strength needs to be twice or more the weight of the reinforcing block, but preferably four times or more in consideration of the moving speed of the mat hanging heavy machine and stronger external force such as wind.

According to the sixth configuration, by reducing the elongation of the sheet, it is possible to reduce the displacement of the reinforcing block due to the ground subsidence stress when laying the soft ground reinforcing mat and after laying, The reinforcing block can be stably held.

  According to the ground stabilization method, it is not necessary to carry out the alignment laying work of the reinforcing blocks on the site, and a mat in which the reinforcing blocks are aligned is manufactured at the factory, and then laid by heavy machinery after being transported to the site. Since it can be performed, there are few processes and it does not take time. Furthermore, since the mat can be manufactured with facilities managed at the factory, it is possible to configure the mat with high alignment accuracy of the reinforcing blocks.

  The embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to FIGS.

(Configuration of soft ground mat 1)
The structure of the ground reinforcement mat 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a perspective view from below of a ground reinforcing mat 1. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the reinforcing block 20 of the ground mat 1, wherein (a) is a perspective view from below and (b) is a perspective view from above.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the ground reinforcing mat 1 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of reinforcing blocks 20 and a sheet 10 for integrally bonding and fixing the reinforcing blocks 20. The reinforcing block 20 is arranged in alignment with the sheet 10 and is integrally fixed by an adhesive body or a fixing body.

The bonded body is used to bond the reinforcing block and the sheet to each other with an anchor effect and / or a chemical effect. When the reinforcing block does not peel off from the sheet due to a load on the reinforcing block during and after laying. Any material can be used. Adhesives include, for example, hydraulic cement compositions and the like mainly composed of inorganic materials, resin-based adhesives and the like mainly composed of organic materials, and polymer cement mortars and resin mortars, and inorganic and organic materials. Can be used. The hydraulic cement may be cement, sand, gravel, concrete mixed with a water reducing agent, or mortar without gravel.

  Resin adhesives include those using thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins, urethane resins, acrylic resins, silicone resins, epoxy acrylate resins, phenol resins, and thermoplastics such as polyamide resins, polyester resins, and ethylene vinyl alcohol resins. Those using a resin, those using a synthetic rubber such as styrene butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, etc. can be used, and an epoxy resin excellent in strength and curability is preferably used.

As the fixed body, any member can be used as long as the sheet and the reinforcing block can be mechanically fixed, and metal or resin anchor pins, bolts, hooks, and the like can be used. Moreover, an adhesive body and a fixed body can be used in combination.

The sheet 10 is a cloth sheet made of a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric, and preferably allows water to pass through in order to improve drainage. In addition, the sheet 10 has a tensile strength in the length direction that is twice or more the weight of the fixing block 20. The sheet 10 is lifted by gripping both ends of the mat to which the reinforcing block is bonded, and is laid on both ends of the mat. After removing the grip, it is preferable that the extension of the mat is equal to or less than the length of the side surface of the reinforcing block head. By reducing the extension, the flatness of the top surface of each reinforcing block after laying is ensured. be able to. Thus, the reinforcing block can be stably held by increasing the tensile strength of the sheet and reducing the elongation of the sheet.

  This fabric sheet may be a single fiber or a combination of functional fibers such as polyester fibers, nylon fibers, polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, carbon fibers, aromatic polyamides, and natural and recycled chemical fibers. Any structure, such as a mesh, may be used. In the case of a non-woven fabric, since the elongation is generally large by itself, the woven fabric is put in the non-woven fabric, the non-woven fabric is stitched with yarn, etc., and the above high tensile strength and low Any material having elongation may be used.

  Further, the resin sheet with holes may be stretched to have a thickness of 3 mm or less as if it is a flexible and flexible sheet like a mesh woven fabric. The elongation percentage of the sheet is 30% or less, preferably about 25% or less at break.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the reinforcing block 20 has a conical shape at the bottom and a cylindrical shape at the top. The material of the reinforcing block 20 is the same material as that of the upper portion 21 at the lower end, or when there is a fear that the upper portion 21 may be lost due to a hard ground or the like on the soft ground, the upper portion other than the end portion 22 The material of the portion 21 is different. Specifically, the upper portion 21 is made of concrete that is strong in compressive force, and the lower end portion 22 is made of an elastic metal or resin that has strong tensile force.

  Thus, if the upper part 21 is comprised with concrete, it can endure the compressive force applied from an upper building etc., and the crack of the upper part 21 part is prevented. Further, if the tip portion 22 is made of a material having strong tensile force and elasticity, the tip portion 22 can appropriately cope with the stress received from the ground when laying, thereby preventing the tip portion 22 from cracking.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the upper portion 21 of the reinforcing block 20 includes a flat top surface 21a, a columnar side surface 21b formed by hanging from the top surface 21a, and a conical side surface. A tapered surface 21c is formed. Here, since the side surface 21b is cylindrical, when the soft ground mat 1 is laid, when the adjacent reinforcing blocks 20 come into contact with each other, the side surface whose cross section extends in the vertical direction comes into contact with the side surface. Become. Then, the force which mutually shifts to an up-down direction does not act, and the adjacent reinforcement block 20 does not shift to an up-down direction. For this reason, the posture of the top surface 21a of the reinforcing block 20 can be kept horizontal.

  The side surfaces of the upper tapered surface 21c and the lower tip 22 are tapered so that the diameter gradually increases toward the upper side. If comprised in this way, since a mounting load is disperse | distributed and consolidation of a ground surface can be accelerated | stimulated and subsidence with respect to a ground can be suppressed, a ground can be stabilized in remarkably short time.

(Ground stabilization method using soft ground reinforcement mat 1)
A ground stabilization method using the soft ground reinforcing mat 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state when the soft ground reinforcing mat 1 is laid.

  When construction is performed by the ground stabilization method in the present embodiment, first, the soft ground reinforcing mat 1 is created as a previous stage.

  In creating the soft ground reinforcing mat 1, first, as shown in FIG. 1, the reinforcing blocks 20 are aligned on the sheet 10. Here, the reinforcing blocks 20 are arranged in an aligned manner so as to eliminate the gap between the adjacent reinforcing blocks 20 as much as possible. Then, an adhesive is applied between the top surface 21 a of the upper portion 21 of the reinforcing block 20 and the sheet 10. As this adhesive, an adhesive that can be bonded to both the material of the sheet and the concrete is used.

  The creation of the soft ground reinforcement mat 1 can be performed at the site where the ground to be laid is present, but may be performed in advance at the factory. By performing at the factory, it is possible to easily select the size of the soft ground reinforcing mat 1 and the weight of the reinforcing block 20. Further, the arrangement position of the reinforcing block 20 can be managed more accurately. For this reason, the soft ground reinforcement mat 1 having various and high quality can be produced.

  When the soft ground mat 1 created as described above is laid on the soft ground, crushed stones are sprinkled on the soft ground to flatten the ground, and the soft ground reinforcing mat 1 is placed thereon. . When placing the soft ground reinforcing mat 1, first, as shown in FIG. 3, the sheet 10 of the soft ground reinforcing mat 1 is on the upper side, the reinforcing block 20 is on the lower side, and the reinforcing block 20 is on the lower side. Is arranged so that the front end portion 22 faces the ground (mounting stage).

  Next, a load is applied in the direction of the arrow through the seat 10 from a position above the top surface 21 a of each reinforcing block 20. Thereby, each reinforcing block 20 is inserted on the ground, and the soft ground reinforcing mat 1 is fixed (fixing stage).

  As described above, according to the ground stabilization method of the present embodiment, it is not necessary to perform the work of laying a large number of log rigging, pile driving, rope connection, and civil engineering sheet as in the conventional case. It does not take. Moreover, since the front-end | tip part 22 of the downward direction of the block 20 for reinforcement is a sharp shape, it is easy to insert and it is hard to sink. For this reason, a soft ground can be stabilized reliably.

  A state where the soft ground reinforcing mat 1 is laid on the ground will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a usage state of the soft ground reinforcing mat 1.

  In FIG. 4, a soft ground reinforcement road is illustrated as what is comprised on the soft ground reinforcement mat 1. On the road side above the soft ground reinforcement mat 1, a road bed 51 and a bank 53 are formed.

[Other Embodiments]
In the above-described embodiment, the central portion of the reinforcing block has a solid configuration, but the present invention is not limited to this. Another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a reinforcing block 30 used in the soft ground reinforcing mat 1 according to another embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, a through-hole 33 that penetrates from the top surface 31 to the protruding tip portion 32 may be formed in the fixing block 30. If comprised in this way, when it rains, since water can drain to the ground through the through-hole 33, the drainage performance of the soft ground reinforcement mat 1 can be further improved.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, a metal cylinder 34 may be disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 33. According to this configuration, the strength of the tip portion of the reinforcing block is increased. Further, since the metal does not pass water and the water that has entered the through-hole 33 goes only downward, the drainage performance is further improved.

  The present invention can be applied to various grounds other than soft ground.

The perspective view from the downward direction of the mat 1 for soft ground reinforcement. The perspective view of the block 20 for fixation of the mat 1 for soft ground reinforcement. The perspective view which shows the state at the time of laying the mat 1 for soft ground reinforcement. Sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the mat 1 for soft ground reinforcement. Sectional drawing explaining the block 30 for reinforcement of other embodiment.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Soft ground reinforcement mat, 10 ... Sheet, 20 ... Reinforcement block, 21 ... Upper part, 21a ... Top surface, 21b ... Side surface, 21c ... Tapered surface, 22 ... Tip part, 31 ... Top surface, 32 ... Tip Part 33 ... through hole 34 ... cylinder 50 ... asphalt 51 ... roadbed 53 ... road body 54 ... protective fence

Claims (7)

In order to reinforce the ground and restrain deformation, a projecting tip and a flat top surface are formed, the head is a polygonal column or cylinder, and the projecting tip is A plurality of reinforcing blocks formed in a polygonal pyramid or conical shape ;
A plurality of reinforcing blocks are aligned and integrally bonded or fixed to the top surfaces of the plurality of reinforcing blocks by an adhesive body or a fixed body, and a fabric sheet or a resin sheet having a hole is made of woven fabric or nonwoven fabric. A sheet having a thickness of 3 mm or less ,
It has a, ground reinforcement mat, characterized in that reinforcing blocks abut each other to the adjacent. The reinforcing block is made of concrete, wood or resin alone, or the reinforcing block body is made of concrete, wood or resin, and the protruding tip is made of metal or resin. The ground reinforcing mat according to claim 1 . 2. The ground reinforcing mat according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of reinforcing blocks are formed with through holes penetrating from the top surface to the protruding tip portion. The ground reinforcing mat according to claim 3 , wherein a cylinder made of metal or resin is disposed on an inner peripheral surface of the through hole. The ground reinforcing mat according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the sheet has a tensile strength in a length direction that is twice or more the weight of the reinforcing block. The sheet is lifted by gripping both ends of the mat to which the reinforcing block is bonded and fixed, and after laying out the grip of the end of the mat, the extension of the mat is the length of the side of the head of the reinforcing block. The ground reinforcing mat according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the mat is a ground reinforcing mat. A placing step of placing the tip of the ground reinforcing mat according to any one of claims 1 to 6 toward the ground;
A fixing step of restraining and fixing the ground surface by inserting the reinforcing block into the ground by applying a load from a position corresponding to the top surface of the reinforcing block of the ground reinforcing mat;
The ground stabilization method characterized by having.

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