JP5116783B2 - Water content drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydrated material drying apparatus that dries a hydrated product containing moisture by heating in a reduced pressure environment, and in particular, a hydrated product capable of continuously supplying the hydrated product and continuously discharging the dried product after drying. The present invention relates to a drying device.

  As a means for drying hydrated materials such as various biomass and wastes by heating in a reduced pressure environment, a hydrated material drying apparatus has been conventionally used. This hydrated material drying apparatus lowers the boiling point by reducing the pressure in a sealed device, and dries the hydrated material supplied in the device at a low temperature. Here, a batch processing system is mentioned as a kind of processing method of the hydrated material as a to-be-processed object in a hydrated material drying apparatus. This batch processing method is a method in which a predetermined amount of hydrated material is supplied into the device, and then the hydrated material is not taken out from the device until the drying process is completed, but the hydrated material is stirred and dried while maintaining a uniform state. It is.

  However, in this batch processing method, in the latter half of the drying process, the volume of the hydrated material is greatly reduced by the evaporation of water, creating a useless space in the device, increasing heat dissipation, and so-called emptying state become. Therefore, the batch processing method has a problem that the thermal efficiency is poor and the drying process takes a long time. In addition, according to the batch processing method, it is necessary to design a boiler, a condenser, a cooling device, and the like constituting the hydrated material drying apparatus on the basis of a state in which the evaporation rate of moisture from the hydrated material is maximized in the initial stage of the drying process. is there. Therefore, these devices become over-specification, and there is a problem that purchasing expensive and large-sized devices increases costs and enlarges the apparatus. Furthermore, in the batch processing method, since the water content is agitated during the drying process as described above, the dry material having a reduced water content is pulverized and scattered in the apparatus at the end of the drying process. There is also a problem that the surroundings are contaminated when discharged outside the apparatus.

  In order to solve such problems of the batch processing method, a continuous processing method has been conventionally used as another processing method for water-containing materials (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this continuous treatment method, the hydrated product is continuously supplied into the apparatus, and the hydrated product is heated while being transported in a certain direction to perform the drying process, and the dried product after the drying process is continuously removed from the apparatus. This is a method of discharging. And according to this continuous processing method, since the hydrated material is continuously conveyed in the apparatus, even if the volume of the hydrated material is reduced as it is dried, it is wasted in the apparatus like the batch processing method. There is no space. Therefore, in the hydrated material drying apparatus using the continuous processing method, the thermal efficiency does not deteriorate, and the drying process does not require a long time. Furthermore, in the continuous processing method, the evaporation rate of moisture from the hydrated material does not change as much as the batch processing method during the drying process. Therefore, when designing the various devices that make up the hydrated material drying device, the average evaporation rate can be used as a reference, resulting in excessive specification of the device as in the batch processing method, resulting in an increase in cost and size of the device. There is no invitation. Furthermore, since the hydrated material is not stirred in the apparatus in the continuous processing method, the dried material is not dusted and scattered in the device as in the batch processing method.

JP 2006-153376 A

  However, the conventional hydrated material drying apparatus using the continuous treatment method has a problem that the hydrated material cannot be dried until the moisture content becomes sufficiently low. More specifically, in the continuous treatment method, the hydrated material drying device for supplying and discharging the hydrated material in order to continuously supply and discharge the hydrated material in the device while keeping the inside of the device sealed. So-called material seals are used for both the supply port and the discharge port provided in the. In this material seal, the supply port and the discharge port are sealed with the hydrated material or the dried product itself. Therefore, the hydrated material is supplied from the supply port in a state of being compacted to such an extent that the gas does not pass through the supply port. In addition, if the moisture content of the dried product is too low at the discharge port, it becomes a gas permeable state and a material seal cannot be realized. Therefore, it is necessary to have an appropriate moisture content. For this reason, it is normal that a hydrated material can be dried only to the range from which a moisture content will be 60 mass% or more (refer paragraph [0055] of patent document 1).

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and the purpose thereof is to employ a continuous processing system in which dry matter is continuously discharged out of the apparatus while water-containing substance is continuously supplied into the apparatus. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydrated material drying apparatus that enables a hydrated material to be dried until the moisture content becomes sufficiently low.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means.
That, hydrate drying apparatus according to the present invention, hydrous material is supplied into the vacuum state, a drying device body portion for conveying in a certain direction while heating the hydrous, water of the dryer main body portion An opening / closing mechanism provided inside the dryer main body portion in communication with the inside of the dryer main body along the material transport direction and capable of airtightly closing and opening the discharge port for discharging the water-containing material. Bei example a reservoir hopper, a with the reservoir hopper has a cylindrical shape, with and communicates with the end opening of the dryer main body at a location on the circumferential surface of the cylinder, the cylinder on the peripheral surface of the The hopper main body in which the discharge port is formed at another position, and as the opening / closing mechanism, a position where the discharge port is closed but the end opening is not blocked, and the end opening is Between the position where the outlet is closed but the outlet is not blocked, Has a lid member which slides along the circumferential surface of the body, the hopper body is characterized in that the pipe for vacuum suction is connected.
According to this configuration, when the discharge port is closed by the opening / closing mechanism provided in the storage hopper, the inside of the storage hopper can be decompressed to the same extent as the inside of the dryer main body. On the other hand, if the discharge port is opened by the opening / closing mechanism, the dry matter stored in the storage hopper can be discharged outside the apparatus. Furthermore, if the lid member is moved to a position where the end opening of the dryer main body is closed, the discharge port of the storage hopper is opened and the interior of the dryer main body is kept hermetically closed. Therefore, when the dried product is discharged from the storage hopper to the outside of the apparatus, the lid member keeps the inside of the dryer main body in a state where the pressure is reduced, so that the lid member needs to be started to start the next drying process. When it is moved to close the discharge port of the storage hopper, the interior of the storage hopper and the interior of the dryer body that are in communication with each other are in a state where the pressure is reduced to some extent. As a result, it is possible to reduce the time required to depressurize the dryer body and the storage hopper prior to the start of the drying process, and shorten the time from the end of the drying process to the start of the next drying process. be able to.

  Further, in the hydrated material drying apparatus according to the present invention, the dryer body is transported by projecting blade members at a predetermined pitch on a peripheral surface of a drive shaft that is provided along the hydrated material transporting direction and rotationally driven. It has a mechanism. According to such a configuration, when the drive shaft rotates, the hydrated material is conveyed in a fixed direction through the inside of the dryer main body by the blade member. Accordingly, since the hydrated substance does not flow backward in the hydrated substance transport direction and is mixed with the subsequent hydrated substance, the hydrated substance can be conveyed and dried more reliably and at high speed.

  In the hydrated material drying apparatus according to the present invention, the pitch of the blade member varies depending on the position of the hydrated material conveyance direction. According to such a structure, the conveyance force of the hydrated material by a conveyance mechanism becomes a magnitude | size which changes with positions in a hydrated material conveyance direction. Therefore, even when the hydrated material has a characteristic of becoming highly viscous when it reaches a predetermined moisture content, for example, it can be dealt with by changing the conveying force of the conveying mechanism accordingly. In the present invention, the “conveying force of the hydrated material” means a rotational force that rotates the drive shaft constituting the conveying mechanism against the viscosity of the hydrated material.

  In the hydrated material drying apparatus according to the present invention, the clearance between the casing constituting the dryer main body and the tip of the blade member differs depending on the position in the hydrated material conveyance direction. According to such a structure, the conveyance force of the hydrated material by a conveyance mechanism becomes a magnitude | size which changes with positions in a hydrated material conveyance direction. Therefore, even when the hydrated material has a characteristic of becoming highly viscous when it reaches a predetermined moisture content, for example, it can be dealt with by changing the conveying force of the conveying mechanism accordingly.

  In the hydrated material drying apparatus according to the present invention, the dryer main body has a plurality of transport mechanisms, and the adjacent transport mechanisms are provided such that the blade members mesh with each other. According to such a configuration, the hydrated material adhering to the blade member of a certain transport mechanism is forcibly separated by the wing member of another transport mechanism and transported in the hydrated material transport direction. Therefore, when the hydrated substance is a highly viscous substance such as a chemical substance or a substance containing a high sugar content, or when the hydrated substance has a characteristic of becoming highly viscous when it reaches a predetermined moisture content, Even when various foreign substances are included, the water-containing material can be more reliably transported by the transport mechanism.

  In the hydrated material drying apparatus according to the present invention, the transport mechanism can arbitrarily change the rotational speed of the drive shaft. According to such a structure, the conveyance speed of the hydrated material by a conveyance mechanism can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the rotation speed of a drive shaft. Therefore, the moisture content of the dried product can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the average time that the hydrated product stays inside the dryer main body.

  According to the hydrated material drying apparatus of the present invention, if the drying process is performed in a state where the inside of the storage hopper is decompressed to the same extent as the interior of the dryer body, the hydrated material is dried until the moisture content becomes sufficiently low. Then, the dried product continuously discharged from the dryer main body can be stored in the storage hopper. And after performing a drying process over predetermined time, if a discharge port is open | released, the dry matter in a storage hopper part can be discharged | emitted outside the apparatus. In this way, the hydrated product can be dried until the moisture content becomes sufficiently low while continuously supplying the hydrated product and continuously discharging the dried product.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the vacuum dryer 6 which concerns on 1st Embodiment. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view in which a periphery of a storage hopper portion 12 is enlarged in FIG. 2. It is the elements on larger scale which expanded a part of dryer main part 40 concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale which expanded a part of dryer main part 50 concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale which expanded a part of dryer main part 60 concerning a 4th embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale which expanded a part of dryer main part 70 concerning a 5th embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale which expanded a part of dryer main part 80 concerning a 6th embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale which expanded a part of dryer main part 90 concerning a 7th embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale which expanded a part of dryer main part 100 concerning an 8th embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale which expanded a part of dryer main part 110 concerning a 9th embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale which expanded a part of dryer main part 120 concerning a 10th embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, the structure of the hydrated material drying apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a hydrated material drying apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment. The water-containing material drying apparatus 1 includes a supply port 2 for supplying the water-containing material G, a discharge port 3 for discharging the dry material K, and a plurality of exhaust ports 4 for discharging the steam generated from the water-containing material G to the outside. A vacuum dryer 7 provided with a plurality of steam inlets 5 for introducing steam for heating inside, and a plurality of steam outlets 6 for discharging steam for heating to the outside, and the supply port 2, a supply unit 8 connected to the exhaust port 3, a dry matter collector 9 connected to the exhaust port 3, an exhaust pressure reduction unit 10 connected to each exhaust port 4, and a heating connected to the steam inlet 5. And a steam drain recovery unit 12 connected to the heater 11. In the present invention, “hydrated substance G” refers to various biomass and wastes containing a predetermined amount of water. Examples of wastes include sewage sludge, factory wastewater sludge, food waste, food waste, human waste sludge. , Livestock manure, plant squeeze cake, etc.

  The said vacuum dryer 7 is for drying-processing by heating the hydrated substance G as a to-be-processed object on pressure reduction conditions. FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the vacuum dryer 7. In FIG. 2, for convenience of explanation, FIG. 1 is shown in an inverted state. The vacuum dryer 7 includes a dryer body 13 in which the hydrated material G is dried and a storage hopper that temporarily stores the dried material K, that is, a substance in which the moisture content of the hydrated material G has decreased through the drying process. Part 14.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the dryer main body 13 accommodates two transport mechanisms 16 that transport the hydrated material G in the hydrated material transport direction indicated by an arrow in the inside of the casing 15 having a substantially cylindrical shape. It will be. Although only one transport mechanism 16 is shown in FIG. 2, another transport mechanism 16 is accommodated on the back side of the sheet. The casing 15 is provided with the supply port 2 at the upstream end (hereinafter simply referred to as “upstream side”) along the hydrated material conveyance direction, and from the supply port 2 along the hydrated material conveyance direction. Three exhaust ports 4 are provided at predetermined intervals at positions on the downstream side (hereinafter simply referred to as “downstream side”). Of the three exhaust ports 4, the first exhaust port 4A located on the most upstream side along the hydrated material transport direction and the second exhaust port 4B located on the middle are the third exhaust ports located on the most downstream side. It has a larger diameter than the opening 4C. A pipe 17 is connected to each exhaust port 4, and a first pipe 17A connected to the first exhaust port 4A and a second pipe 17B connected to the second exhaust port 4B are connected to each other by a connecting pipe 18. While being connected, the third pipe 17C connected to the third exhaust port 4C is connected to the second pipe 17B. Thereby, all the pipes 17 extending from the three exhaust ports 4 are in communication with each other. Further, the casing 15 is provided with a plurality of steam discharge ports 6 at predetermined intervals along the hydrated material conveyance direction.

  On the other hand, each of the two transport mechanisms 16 shown in FIG. 2 is rotatably supported by a plurality of bearings 19 and is rotationally driven by a motor (not shown), and is connected to the drive shaft 20 and is connected thereto. It has a hollow shaft 22 provided with a blade member 21 protruding from the peripheral surface. Here, in this embodiment, the blade member 21 has a so-called screw shape, and the pitch P is a constant size along the hydrated material conveyance direction. The drive shaft 20 has a hollow interior, and the steam inlet 5 and the steam outlet 6 are provided at one end thereof. On the other hand, although not shown in detail in FIG. 2, the inside of the blade member 21 is also hollow and communicates with the inside of the drive shaft 20. Each transport mechanism 16 configured as described above is installed inside the casing 15 such that the drive shafts 20 are parallel to each other and the blade members 21 are engaged with each other.

  In this embodiment, the casing 15 constituting the dryer main body 13 has a substantially cylindrical shape. However, the shape of the casing 15 is not limited to this, and the casing 15 has a certain length in the hydrated material conveyance direction. The outer shape of the longitudinal section may be a square or a polygon. Further, in the present embodiment, the blade member 21 has a screw shape, but other shapes, for example, a so-called screw type, paddle type, or static mixer type may be used. However, if the screw type is used as in the present embodiment, the contact area with the hydrated material G is wider than other shapes, so that the hydrated material G is efficiently heated by the transport mechanism 16 as will be described later. There is an advantage that you can. Further, in the present embodiment, two transport mechanisms 16 are provided, but the number of transport mechanisms 16 may be one, or may be a plurality of three or more. However, if two transport mechanisms 16 are provided as in the present embodiment, the hydrated substance G attached to the blade member 21 of one transport mechanism 16 is forcibly separated by the blade member 21 of the other transport mechanism 16. The Therefore, compared with the case where one transport mechanism 16 is provided, when the hydrated substance G is a highly viscous substance such as a chemical substance or a substance containing a high sugar content, or when the hydrated substance G reaches a predetermined moisture content, it is highly viscous. There is an advantage that the hydrated product G can be transported more reliably even when the hydrated product G contains various foreign matters such as fibers. Further, the cost and the size of the apparatus are not increased as in the case where three or more transport mechanisms 16 are provided.

  FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view in which the periphery of the storage hopper portion 14 is enlarged in FIG. The storage hopper portion 14 has a substantially circular outer shape in a longitudinal section, and has a hopper body 23 formed in a hollow shape, and a lid member 24 provided so as to be slidable along the peripheral surface of the hopper body 23. ing. The hopper body 23 serves as a container for storing the dried material K therein. The hopper body 23 is formed with a fourth exhaust port 4D for discharging steam to the outside at the top, and the discharge port 3 for discharging dried matter K to the outside at the bottom. Has been. A fourth pipe 17D is connected to the fourth exhaust port 4D, and the fourth pipe 17D is connected to the third pipe 17C. As a result, the fourth pipe 17D is also in communication with the first to third pipes 17A, 17B, and 17C. The storage hopper 14 configured as described above is provided at the downstream end of the dryer main body 13 so that the inside communicates with the inside of the dryer main body 13.

  On the other hand, the lid member 24 serves to close or open the discharge port 3 of the hopper body 23, and from the closed position P1 (described in FIG. 2) that closes the discharge port 3 in an airtight manner. It can slide to an open position P2 (described in FIG. 3) that opens to the outside. Further, the lid member 24 opens the discharge port 3 as described above while being in the open position P2, and at the same time closes the end opening 25 on the downstream side of the casing 15 constituting the dryer main body 13. It has become.

  The shape of the hopper body 23 is not limited to a substantially circular shape in the longitudinal section, and the design can be changed to any shape. Further, it is sufficient for the lid member 24 to open at least the discharge port 3 in a state of being in the open position, and it is not always necessary to close the end opening 25 of the casing 15.

  The supply device 8 shown in FIG. 1 is for supplying the hydrated material G into the vacuum dryer 7. The supply device 8 is a so-called uniaxial eccentric screw pump capable of sending the hydrated material G in a compacted state, and is connected to the supply port 2 of the vacuum dryer 7 through a supply pipe 26. Thereby, when supplying the hydrous material G, the supply port 2 is sealed by the compacted hydrous material G, whereby the material seal is realized. In addition, as long as the hydrated material G can be supplied while keeping the inside of the vacuum dryer 7 in a sealed state, the hydrated material G may be supplied to the vacuum dryer 7 by other means without being limited to the material seal. Good. Specifically, for example, a configuration similar to the storage hopper unit 14 on the discharge side may be used. Further, as the supply device 8, another type of pump capable of delivering the hydrated material G, for example, a volumetric pump such as a piston pump may be used.

  The dry matter collector 9 shown in FIG. 1 serves as a container that receives and collects the dry matter K discharged from the vacuum dryer 7 and falling. The dry matter collector 9 is disposed immediately below the storage hopper 14 constituting the vacuum dryer 7 with its container opening facing the outlet 3 of the storage hopper 14. Although not shown in detail in the figure, the discharge port 3 of the storage hopper 14 and the dry matter collector 9 are connected by piping, and the water-containing matter is directed from the discharge port 3 toward the dry matter collector 9 using a pump or the like. G may be sent out.

  The exhaust pressure reducing unit 10 shown in FIG. 1 serves to exhaust steam from the inside of the vacuum dryer 7 and to reduce the pressure inside the steam. The exhaust pressure reducing unit 10 includes a duster 28 connected to the other end of the first exhaust pipe 27A, one end of which is connected to the connecting pipe 18, and a second exhaust pipe 27B, one end of which is connected to the duster 28. The capacitor 29 is connected to the end, and the ejector 30 is connected to the other end of the third exhaust pipe 27 </ b> C, one end of which is connected to the capacitor 29. Here, the duster 28 is for removing scattered matters such as dust from the steam recovered from the vacuum dryer 7. The duster 28 is connected to a duster circulation pump 31 for circulating water used for collecting scattered matters. The capacitor 29 is for cooling the recovered steam and aggregating moisture. The condenser 29 includes a cooling tower 32 that cools the refrigerant, a refrigerant storage tank 33 that stores the cooled refrigerant, and a condenser that sends the stored refrigerant toward the condenser 29 in order to circulate the refrigerant for cooling the steam. Circulation pumps 34 are connected to each other. The ejector 30 is for decompressing the inside of the ejector 30 by sucking steam from the decompression dryer 7. Connected to the ejector 30 are an ejector circulation pump 35 for high-pressure injection of water inside the ejector 30 and a water storage tank 36 for storing water recovered from the ejector 30.

  The heater 11 shown in FIG. 1 is for heating the transport mechanism 16 and the casing 15 shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, a boiler is used as the heater 11, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the other end of the steam introduction pipe 37 having one end connected to the heater 11 is connected to the drive shaft 20 constituting the transport mechanism 16. Are connected to a steam inlet 5 provided on one end side of the gas and a plurality of steam inlets 5 provided on the casing 15. Thereby, the vapor | steam produced | generated with the heater 11 is supplied via the vapor | steam introduction pipe | tube 37, and the conveyance mechanism 16 and the casing 15 are heated, respectively.

  The steam drain collector 12 shown in FIG. 1 is for recovering and reusing a steam drain, that is, a liquefied steam for heating. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the other end of the steam recovery pipe 38 connected at one end to the steam drain collector 12 is provided in the steam outlet 6 provided at one end of the drive shaft 20 and the casing 15. Are connected to the plurality of steam outlets 6 respectively. As a result, the steam drain liquefied by heating the transport mechanism 16 and the casing 15 is recovered by the steam drain recovery device 12 via the steam recovery pipe 38. Then, the steam drain recovery unit 12 sends the recovered steam drain to the heater 11, and the heater 11 generates steam from the steam drain. In this way, the heating steam is reused.

  Next, the operation | movement of the drying process of the hydrated material G using the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and its effect are demonstrated. When starting the drying process, the inside of the vacuum dryer 7 is first depressurized. Specifically, the ejector 30 shown in FIG. 1 is operated in a state where the lid member 24 constituting the storage hopper portion 14 is located at the closing position P1 where the discharge port 3 is closed. Then, the ejector 30 sucks air from the dryer main body 13 through the first to third exhaust pipes 27A, 27B, and 27C, so that the inside thereof is decompressed. At this time, the inside of the dryer main body 13 communicates with the inside of the storage hopper 14 and the discharge port 3 of the storage hopper 14 is closed by the lid member 24. Therefore, the storage hopper 14 is also dried. The pressure is reduced to the same level as the machine body 13.

  On the other hand, the conveyance mechanism 16 and the casing 15 are heated as the vacuum dryer 7 is depressurized. Specifically, the steam generated from the heater 11 shown in FIG. 1 is sent into the transport mechanism 16 from the steam inlet 5 through the steam inlet pipe 37, and this steam is sent to the hollow shaft 22 and the blade member 21. The entire transport mechanism 16 is heated by circulating through the internal cavity. The steam generated from the heater 11 is also fed into the casing 15 from the plurality of steam inlets 5 through the steam inlet pipe 37, and the steam circulates in the inner cavity of the casing 15, thereby The whole is heated. When the transport mechanism 16 and the casing 15 are sufficiently heated, the hydrated material G is then supplied into the vacuum dryer 7. Specifically, the supply unit 8 shown in FIG. 1 is operated, and the hydrated matter G having a moisture content of about 60 to 100% by mass sent from the supply unit 8 is supplied from the supply port 2 through the supply pipe 26 to the dryer main body. It is sent into the part 13.

  Further, with the start of supply of the hydrated material G, the conveyance of the hydrated material G by the conveyance mechanism 16 is started. Specifically, the drive shaft 20 is rotationally driven by a motor (not shown), and the blade member 21 conveys the hydrated material G from the upstream side to the downstream side along the hydrated material conveyance direction. And if conveyance of the hydrated material G by the conveyance mechanism 16 is started, the hydrated material G will be heated by the conveyance mechanism 16 and the casing 15 which were heated as mentioned above contacting the hydrated material G. Thereby, the water | moisture content contained in the hydrated material G evaporates, and the moisture content falls as the hydrated material G is conveyed downstream along the hydrated material conveyance direction. And when the hydrated substance G reaches the most downstream end of the dryer main body 13, it depends on the amount of heat per time given by the heater 11, the transport time in the dryer main body 13 by the transport mechanism 16, or the like. Thus, the moisture content is changed to a dry matter K of about 0 to 60% by mass.

  Thereafter, the dried material K is sequentially discharged from the downstream end opening 25 of the dryer main body 13 and stored in the hopper main body 23 of the storage hopper 14. Here, as described above, since the storage hopper 14 is also decompressed to the same extent as the dryer main body 13 by the ejector 30, the dry matter K stored in the storage hopper 14 is the most concentrated in the dryer main body 13. It is kept at the same moisture content as when it reaches the downstream end. Thus, according to the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the present invention, while continuously supplying the hydrated material G to the dryer body 13 and continuously discharging the dried material K from the dryer body 13, The hydrated product G can be dried until the moisture content is sufficiently low.

  And the storage hopper part 14 is emptied after predetermined time progress. That is, when it is detected that the storage hopper part 14 is filled to some extent with the dry matter K, the dry matter K stored in the storage hopper part 14 is supplied to the apparatus while the supply of the hydrous matter G to the vacuum dryer 7 is continued. Discharge to the outside. Specifically, the discharge port 3 of the hopper body 23 is opened by sliding the lid member 24 constituting the storage hopper portion 14 from the closed position P1 shown in FIG. 2 to the open position P2 shown in FIG. As a result, the dry matter K stored in the hopper body 23 falls from the discharge port 3 and is collected in the dry matter collection device 9 arranged immediately below. In the state where the lid member 24 is located at the open position P <b> 2, the end opening 25 of the storage hopper portion 14 is closed by the lid member 24. Therefore, while the dry matter K is being discharged from the storage hopper portion 14, the dry matter K transported to the downstream end of the storage hopper portion 14 remains in the vicinity of the end opening 25. And if it detects that the storage hopper part 14 became empty, the cover member 24 will be slid and it will return from the open position P2 to the obstruction | occlusion position P1. Thereby, the dried material K discharged | emitted from the dryer main-body part 13 comes to be sequentially stored by the storage hopper part 14. FIG.

  By the way, in this embodiment, as mentioned above, the lid member 24 closes the end opening 25 of the dryer main body 13 in a state where the lid member 24 is located at the open position P2. Therefore, the inside of the storage hopper portion 14 becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure by opening the discharge port 3, but at this time, the inside of the dryer main body portion 13 kept hermetically sealed by the lid member 24 is held in a decompressed state. Is done. Accordingly, when the lid member 24 is returned to the closed position P1 to close the discharge port 3 so as to start the next drying process, the inside of the storage hopper portion 14 and the inside of the dryer main body portion 13 communicated with each other are to some extent. The pressure is reduced. Accordingly, it is possible to shorten the time required for decompressing the dryer main body 13 and the storage hopper 14 with the ejector 30 prior to the start of the drying process, and from the end of the drying process to the start of the next drying process. Can be shortened.

  Next, the structure of the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment will be described. Compared with the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment has a configuration of the vacuum dryer 40 shown in FIG. The structures of the individual transport mechanisms 42 are different. Since the other configuration and the operation effect are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are used, and the description thereof is omitted here. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view in which a part of the dryer main body 41 in the present embodiment is enlarged. The two transport mechanisms 42 have a drive shaft 43, a hollow shaft 44, and a blade member 45, respectively, as in the first embodiment, but the configuration of the blade member 45 is different from that of the first embodiment. That is, the blade member 45 of the present embodiment has a screw shape as in the first embodiment, but the pitch P gradually decreases from the upstream side toward the downstream side.

  According to such a structure, even if the capacity | capacitance of the hydrated material G is reduced with drying, there exists an advantage that thermal efficiency does not deteriorate. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, when the pitch P is a constant size in the water-containing conveyance direction as in the blade member 21 of the first embodiment, the drying process proceeds and the capacity of the water-containing material G increases. On the downstream side where the amount is reduced, a region that does not contact the hydrated material G is generated in the gap between the blade members 45. When such a region is generated, the volumetric efficiency is lowered, and as a result, the thermal efficiency is poor and the drying process takes a long time. In this regard, when the pitch P is gradually narrowed from the upstream side toward the downstream side as in the blade member 45 of the present embodiment, the gap between the blade members 45 is filled with the water-containing material G even on the downstream side, which is useless. Since there is no region, the volumetric efficiency can be maintained high, the thermal efficiency is good, and the drying process is short.

  Next, the structure of the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment will be described. Compared with the hydrated material drying device 1 of the first embodiment, the hydrated material drying device 1 of the present embodiment also has a configuration of the vacuum dryer 50 shown in FIG. The structures of the individual transport mechanisms 52 are different. Since the other configuration and the operation effect are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are used, and the description thereof is omitted here. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view in which a part of the dryer main body 51 in the present embodiment is enlarged. The two transport mechanisms 52 each have a drive shaft 53, a hollow shaft 54, and a blade member 55 as in the first embodiment, but the configuration of the blade member 55 is different from that of the first embodiment. That is, the blade member 55 of the present embodiment has a screw shape as in the first embodiment, but the pitch P is gradually narrowed from the downstream side toward the upstream side, contrary to the second embodiment. It has become. According to such a configuration, since the blade members 55 are densely packed at a narrow pitch P in the upstream portion of the transport mechanism 52 and the contact area with the hydrated material G is wide, the evaporation rate of moisture from the hydrated material G increases. As a result, the moisture content of the hydrated product G is still in the initial stage of drying when the hydrated product G, such as coffee candy or teacup, is dried so that the capacity does not change greatly even if the moisture content decreases. In the upstream portion, which is a high region, a faster drying process can be performed.

  Next, the structure of the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 according to the fourth embodiment will be described. Compared with the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of this embodiment also has a configuration of the vacuum dryer 60 shown in FIG. The structures of the individual transport mechanisms 62 are different. Since the other configuration and the operation effect are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are used, and the description thereof is omitted here. FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial view of a part of the dryer main body 61 in the present embodiment. The two transport mechanisms 62 have a drive shaft 63, a hollow shaft 64, and a blade member 65, respectively, as in the first embodiment, but the configuration of the blade member 65 is different from that of the first embodiment. That is, the blade member 65 of the present embodiment has a screw shape as in the first embodiment, but the pitch P in the central portion is narrower than the pitch P in the upstream portion and the downstream portion along the hydrated material conveyance direction. It has become. According to such a configuration, the conveyance force of the conveyance mechanism 62 is increased in the central portion where the pitch P is narrow. Thereby, when performing the drying process of the hydrated substance G which has the characteristic which becomes highly viscous in the plastic limit water area of moisture content 50-60% vicinity, for example, sludge, the center part of the conveyance mechanism 62 in which the hydrated substance G has high viscosity Therefore, more reliable and high-speed conveyance can be performed.

  Next, the configuration of the hydrated matter drying apparatus 1 according to the fifth embodiment will be described. Compared with the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment also has a configuration of the vacuum dryer 70 shown in FIG. The shape of 72 is different. Since the other configuration and the operation effect are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are used, and the description thereof is omitted here. FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial view of a part of the dryer main body 71 in the present embodiment. The casing 72 constituting the dryer main body 71 has an inner diameter D that gradually decreases from the upstream side toward the downstream side along the hydrated material conveyance direction.

  According to such a configuration, similarly to the second embodiment, there is an advantage that the thermal efficiency does not deteriorate even when the volume of the hydrated product G is reduced as it is dried. That is, when the inner diameter D gradually decreases from the upstream side toward the downstream side as in the casing 72 of the present embodiment, the clearance C between the tip of the blade member 74 constituting the transport mechanism 73 and the casing 72 is It gradually narrows from the upstream side toward the downstream side. Accordingly, even on the downstream side where the capacity of the hydrated material G is reduced due to the progress of the drying process, the space between the blade member 74 and the casing 72 is filled with the hydrated material G, and no useless area is generated. Thereby, the volumetric efficiency can be kept high, the thermal efficiency is good, and the drying process can be completed in a short time.

  Next, the configuration of the hydrated matter drying apparatus 1 according to the sixth embodiment will be described. Compared with the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of this embodiment also has a configuration of the vacuum dryer 80 shown in FIG. The structures of the individual transport mechanisms 82 are different. Since the other configuration and the operation effect are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are used, and the description thereof is omitted here. FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view in which a part of the dryer main body 81 in the present embodiment is enlarged. The two transport mechanisms 82 each have a drive shaft 83, a hollow shaft 84, and a blade member 85, as in the first embodiment, but the configuration of the hollow shaft 84 is different from that of the first embodiment. That is, each hollow shaft 84 of the present embodiment has an outer diameter that gradually increases from the upstream side toward the downstream side.

  According to such a configuration, similarly to the second embodiment, there is an advantage that the thermal efficiency does not deteriorate even when the volume of the hydrated product G is reduced as it is dried. That is, when the inner diameter D gradually increases from the upstream side toward the downstream side as in the hollow shaft 84 of the present embodiment, the tip of the blade member 85 constituting the transport mechanism 82 as in the fifth embodiment. The clearance C between the casing 85 and the casing 85 gradually decreases from the upstream side toward the downstream side. Accordingly, even on the downstream side where the capacity of the hydrated matter G is reduced due to the progress of the drying process, the space between the blade member 85 and the casing 86 is filled with the hydrated matter G, and no useless area is generated. Thereby, the volumetric efficiency can be kept high, the thermal efficiency is good, and the drying process can be completed in a short time.

  Next, the structure of the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 according to the seventh embodiment will be described. Compared with the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment also has a configuration of the vacuum dryer 90 shown in FIG. The shape of 92 is different. Since the other configuration and the operation effect are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are used, and the description thereof is omitted here. FIG. 9 is a partial enlarged view in which a part of the dryer main body 91 in the present embodiment is enlarged. Contrary to the fifth embodiment, the casing 92 constituting the dryer main body 91 has an inner diameter D that gradually increases from the upstream side to the downstream side along the hydrated material conveyance direction. According to such a configuration, since the clearance C between the tip of the blade member 94 and the casing 92 is narrow in the upstream portion of the transport mechanism 93 and the thermal conductivity is increased, the evaporation rate of moisture from the hydrated material G is increased. . As a result, the moisture content of the hydrated product G is still in the initial stage of drying when the hydrated product G, such as coffee candy or teacup, is dried so that the capacity does not change greatly even if the moisture content decreases. In the upstream portion, which is a high region, a faster drying process can be performed.

  Next, the configuration of the hydrated matter drying apparatus 1 according to the eighth embodiment will be described. Compared with the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment also has a configuration of the vacuum dryer 100 shown in FIG. The structures of the individual transport mechanisms 102 are different. Since the other configuration and the operation effect are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are used, and the description thereof is omitted here. FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view in which a part of the dryer body 101 in the present embodiment is enlarged. The two transport mechanisms 102 each have a drive shaft 103, a hollow shaft 104, and a blade member 105, as in the first embodiment, but the configuration of the hollow shaft 104 is different from that of the first embodiment. That is, each hollow shaft 104 of the present embodiment has an outer diameter D that gradually decreases from the upstream side toward the downstream side, contrary to the sixth embodiment. According to such a configuration, as in the seventh embodiment, the clearance C between the tip of the blade member 105 and the casing 106 is narrow at the upstream portion of the transport mechanism 102 and the thermal conductivity is increased. The moisture evaporation rate becomes faster. Thereby, the same effect as the seventh embodiment can be obtained.

  Next, the configuration of the hydrated matter drying apparatus 1 according to the ninth embodiment will be described. Compared with the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment also has a configuration of the vacuum dryer 110 shown in FIG. The shape of 112 is different. Since the other configuration and the operation effect are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are used, and the description thereof is omitted here. FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view in which a part of the dryer main body 111 in the present embodiment is enlarged. As for the casing 112 which comprises the dryer main-body part 111, the internal diameter D of the center part is smaller than the internal diameter D of an upstream part and a downstream part along the hydrated material conveyance direction. According to such a configuration, the conveyance force of the conveyance mechanism 113 is increased at the central portion where the inner diameter D of the casing 112 is small. Thereby, the effect similar to 4th Embodiment is obtained.

  Next, the configuration of the hydrated matter drying apparatus 1 according to the tenth embodiment will be described. Compared with the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the hydrated material drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment also has a configuration of the vacuum dryer 120 shown in FIG. The structures of the individual transport mechanisms 122 are different. Since the other configuration and the operation effect are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are used, and the description thereof is omitted here. FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged view of a part of the dryer main body 121 in the present embodiment. The two transport mechanisms 122 each have a drive shaft 123, a hollow shaft 124, and a blade member 125, as in the first embodiment, but the configuration of the hollow shaft 124 is different from that of the first embodiment. That is, each hollow shaft 124 of the present embodiment has an outer diameter D at the center portion larger than the outer diameter D at the upstream portion and the downstream portion along the hydrated material transport direction. According to such a configuration, the conveyance force of the conveyance mechanism 122 increases at the central portion where the outer diameter D of the drive shaft 123 is large. Thereby, the effect similar to 4th Embodiment is obtained.

  In addition, it is also possible to combine suitably changing the pitch of the blade member which comprises a conveyance mechanism with a hydrated material conveyance direction, and changing the internal diameter of the casing which comprises a dryer main-body part with a hydrated material conveyance direction. . Further, the operation procedure shown in the above-described embodiment, or the shapes and combinations of the constituent members are merely examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Water content drying apparatus 3 ... Discharge port 11 ... Dryer main-body part 12 ... Storage hopper G ... Water content

Claims (6)

A dryer body that is supplied with hydrated material inside the depressurized state and conveys the hydrated material in a certain direction while heating,
The inside of the dryer main body is provided on the downstream side along the hydrated material conveyance direction in communication with the inside of the dryer main body, and the discharge port for discharging the hydrated material can be airtightly closed. And a storage hopper having an openable opening and closing mechanism,
With
The storage hopper has a cylindrical shape and communicates with an end opening of the dryer body at a position on the circumferential surface of the cylinder, and the discharge port is formed at another position on the circumferential surface of the cylinder. and with and a hopper body has, as the opening and closing mechanism, a position which does not block the said end opening while closing the outlet, closed the outlet while closing the end portion opening A lid member that slides along the peripheral surface of the hopper body ,
A hydrated matter drying apparatus , wherein a vacuum suction pipe is connected to the hopper body . The dryer main body, to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a conveying mechanism comprising the blade member is projected at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential surface of the drive shaft that is rotationally driven is provided along the water conveying direction The hydrated matter drying apparatus as described. The hydrated material drying apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the blade member has a different pitch depending on a position in the hydrated material conveyance direction. The hydrated material drying apparatus according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein a clearance between a casing constituting the dryer main body and a tip of the blade member varies depending on a position in a hydrated material conveyance direction. The said dryer main-body part has a plurality of said conveyance mechanisms, and the said adjacent conveyance mechanism was provided so that the said blade member might mutually mesh | engage, The Claim 1 thru | or 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. The hydrated matter drying apparatus as described. The hydrated matter drying apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5 , wherein the transport mechanism can arbitrarily change the number of rotations of the drive shaft.

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