JP5248251B2 - 電気泳動表示装置用シートの検査方法およびそれを利用した電気泳動表示装置用シートの製造方法 - Google Patents
電気泳動表示装置用シートの検査方法およびそれを利用した電気泳動表示装置用シートの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5248251B2 JP5248251B2 JP2008248621A JP2008248621A JP5248251B2 JP 5248251 B2 JP5248251 B2 JP 5248251B2 JP 2008248621 A JP2008248621 A JP 2008248621A JP 2008248621 A JP2008248621 A JP 2008248621A JP 5248251 B2 JP5248251 B2 JP 5248251B2
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Landscapes
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Description
本発明による電気泳動表示装置用シートの検査方法(以下「本発明の検査方法」ということがある。)は、電極フィルムの導電層上に電気泳動表示装置用マイクロカプセルとバインダー樹脂とを含むデータ表示層を有する電気泳動表示装置用シートを検査する方法であって、該電気泳動表示装置用シートの全光線透過率を測定することを特徴とする。
本発明の検査方法で検査される表示シートは、電極フィルムの導電層上に電気泳動表示装置用マイクロカプセルとバインダー樹脂とを含むデータ表示層を有する電気泳動表示装置用シートである。
電気泳動表示装置用シートにおいて、マイクロカプセルは、電気泳動粒子と溶媒とを含む電気泳動表示装置用分散液(以下「分散液」ということがある。)が殻体に内包されている。
一般に、電気泳動表示には、分散液中の溶媒の色と電気泳動粒子の色とのコントラストで表示する方法と、分散液中の少なくとも2種類の電気泳動粒子の互いの色のコントラストで表示する方法とがある。
分散液に用いる溶媒としては、従来から一般的に電気泳動表示装置用分散液に用いられている溶媒であればよく、特に限定されるものではないが、より詳しくは、実質的に水に不溶性(疎水性)であり、マイクロカプセルの殻体とその機能を阻害する程度に相互作用しないものであればよく、例えば、高絶縁性の有機溶媒が好適である。
マイクロカプセルの殻体を構成する材料としては、内容物に含まれる溶媒が滲出しない限り、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、尿素樹脂、メラミン樹脂などのアミノ樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、(メタ)アクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、ゼラチンなどの有機系材料;タルク、クレー、ステアリン酸カルシウム、水和酸化鉄、炭酸コバルト、炭酸カルシウム、アルカリ土類金属ケイ酸塩、シリカなどの無機系材料;が挙げられる。これらの材料は、単独で用いても2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの材料のうち、バインダー樹脂と混合する場合や、例えば、表示シートと別の電極フィルムとをラミネートする場合に、内容物に含まれる溶媒が滲出しにくい点で、アミノ樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、(メタ)アクリル樹脂、シリカが好適であり、これらの2種以上を併用した二層構造の殻体が特に好適である。
まず、電気泳動粒子と溶媒とを含む分散液を芯物質とし、該芯物質を水系媒体中に分散させる。芯物質を水系媒体に分散させる方法としては、上記の方法と同様に行えばよいので、ここでは説明を省略する。
次いで、尿素、チオ尿素、ベンゾグアナミン、アセトグアナミンおよびシクロヘキシルグアナミンよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種(以下「アミノ化合物」ということがある。)とホルムアルデヒドとを反応させて初期縮合物を用意する。
次いで、芯物質を分散させた水系媒体中で、初期縮合物を用いて、メルカプト基(−SH)とカルボキシ基(−COOH)またはスルホ基(−SO3H)とを有する化合物(以下「チオール化合物」ということがある。)の存在下で縮合反応を行うことにより、該芯物質の表面にメルカプト基を有するアミノ樹脂で構成される内殻を形成する。この操作により、電気泳動粒子と溶媒とを含む分散液がメルカプト基を有するアミノ樹脂で構成される内殻に内包されたマイクロカプセルが得られる。
次いで、芯物質が内殻に内包されたマイクロカプセルを水系媒体中に分散させた後、エポキシ基を有する化合物(以下「エポキシ化合物」ということがある。)を添加することにより、該内殻の外表面にエポキシ樹脂で構成される外殻を形成する。この操作により、電気泳動粒子と溶媒とを含む分散液がメルカプト基を有するアミノ樹脂で構成される内殻とエポキシ樹脂で構成される外殻とを有する殻体に内包されたマイクロカプセルが得られる。
電気泳動表示装置用シートにおいて、バインダー樹脂は、電極フィルムの導電層上にマイクロカプセルを略単層かつ略最密充填で配列した状態で、その配列を維持し得るように固定する役割を果たしている。
電気泳動表示装置用シートにおいて、データ表示層は、マイクロカプセルとバインダー樹脂とから構成されている。そして、データ表示層において、マイクロカプセルは、電極フィルムの導電層上に略単層かつ略最密充填で配列した状態で、その配列を維持し得るようにバインダー樹脂で固定されている。
電気泳動表示装置用シートにおいて、電極フィルムは、マイクロカプセルとバインダー樹脂とを含むデータ表示層を担持する機能を果たす。
本発明による電気泳動表示装置用シートの製造方法(以下「本発明の製造方法」ということがある。)は、電極フィルムの導電層上に電気泳動表示装置用マイクロカプセルとバインダー樹脂とを含むデータ表示層を形成した後、得られた電気泳動表示装置用シートを上記のような検査方法で検査することを特徴とする。
上記のような表示シートを製造する際には、まず、電極フィルムの導電層上にマイクロカプセルとバインダー樹脂とを含むデータ表示層を形成する。データ表示層を形成するには、好ましくは、電極フィルムの導電層上にマイクロカプセルとバインダー樹脂とを含む電気泳動表示装置用塗工液(以下「塗工液」ということがある。)を塗工し、得られた塗工膜を乾燥させればよい。マイクロカプセルおよびバインダー樹脂については、上記したとおりであるので、ここでは説明を省略する。なお、以下では、電極フィルムの導電層上に塗工液を塗工することを「電極フィルム上に塗工液を塗工する」あるいは「塗工液を電極フィルム上に塗工する」ということがある。
上記したように、データ表示層を形成するには、好ましくは、電極フィルムの導電層上にマイクロカプセルとバインダー樹脂とを含む塗工液を塗工し、得られた塗工膜を乾燥させればよい。
電極フィルムの導電層上にマイクロカプセルとバインダー樹脂とを含むデータ表示層を形成した後、得られた表示シートは、上記のような検査方法で検査される。表示シートの検査方法については、上記したとおりであるので、ここでは説明を省略する。
本発明の検査方法で検査して合格した表示シートは、電気泳動表示装置を製造するために用いられる。電気泳動表示装置の製造は、表示シートの製造を含めて、オンラインで連続的に行うこともできるし、オフラインで非連続的に行うこともできる。それゆえ、電気泳動表示装置をオンラインで製造する途中の段階で、あるいは、電気泳動表示装置をオフラインで製造する途中の段階で、表示シートを作製した後、得られた表示シートを本発明の検査方法で検査すればよい。そして、合格した表示シートに別の電極フィルムをラミネートすることにより、電気泳動表示装置を製造すればよい。
電気泳動表示装置用分散液(D−1)の調製
攪拌羽根、温度計、冷却管を備えた容量300mLのセパラブルフラスコに、メタクリル酸ドデシル、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、メタクリル酸グリシジル(組成比80:15:5)からなるアクリル系ポリマー(重量平均分子量3,300)2g、カーボンブラック(三菱化学株式会社製、商品名「MA−100R」)20g、アイソパー(登録商標)M(エクソン・モービル・ケミカル製)78gを仕込み、さらに直径1mmのジルコニアビーズ800gを仕込んだ後、回転数300min−1で攪拌しながら、160℃で2時間反応させてポリマーグラフト処理を行った。処理後、さらにアイソパー(登録商標)M(エクソン・モービル・ケミカル製)100gを添加し、充分に混合した。その後、ジルコニアビーズを分離して、ポリマーグラフト処理されたカーボンブラック(ここでは、カーボンブラックの表面に存在するカルボキシ基にアクリル系ポリマーのエポキシ基を反応させた。)を含む不揮発分11%の分散液150gを得た。
電気泳動表示装置用マイクロカプセルペースト(C−1)の調製
容量100mLの丸底セパラブルフラスコに、メラミン8g、尿素7g、37%ホルムアルデヒド水溶液30g、25%アンモニア水3gを仕込み、攪拌しながら70℃まで昇温した。同温度で2時間保持した後、25℃まで冷却し、メラミン・尿素・ホルムアルデヒド初期縮合物を含む不揮発分54.6%の水溶液(A−1)を得た。
バインダー樹脂(P−1)の合成
攪拌機、滴下口、温度計、冷却管および窒素ガス導入口を備えた容量500mLの四ツ口フラスコに、酢酸エチル115gを入れ、窒素ガスを導入し、攪拌しながら、フラスコ内温を78℃まで加熱した。次いで、アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチル60g、アクリル酸n−ブチル140g、2,2’−アゾビス−(2,4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)4gを混合した溶液を滴下口より120分間かけて滴下した。滴下後も同温度で30分間攪拌を続けた後、2,2’−アゾビス−(2,4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)0.2gを30分おきに3回添加し、さらに150分間加熱して共重合を行った。
バインダー樹脂(P−1)のエタノール溶液の不揮発分は、JIS K6833に準拠して、下記の方法により測定した。バインダー樹脂(P−1)のエタノール溶液(試料)1.0gをアルミニウム箔の皿に精秤し、熱風循環式恒温槽を用いて、105℃で60〜180分間乾燥させた後、デシケーター中で放冷した。乾燥後の試料の質量を精秤し、次式により、不揮発分を計算した。
不揮発分(%)=[(Wd)/(Ws)]×100
ただし、Wdは乾燥後の試料の質量(g)、Wsは乾燥前の試料の質量(g)である。
調製例1で得られた電気泳動表示装置用マイクロカプセルペースト(C−1)30gに合成例1で得られたバインダー樹脂(P−1)のエタノール溶液5gを添加し、自転公転ミキサー(株式会社シンキー製、商品名「あわとり練太郎(登録商標)AR−100」)で10分間混合して塗工液を得た。
乾燥後の塗工膜厚は、電気泳動表示装置用シートの厚さと、未塗工の電極フィルムの厚さとを、マイクロメーター(株式会社ミツトヨ製、商品名「MDC−SB」)で測定し、次式により算出した。
乾燥後の塗工膜厚=電気泳動表示装置用シートの厚さ−未塗工の電極フィルムの厚さ
ただし、電気泳動表示装置用シートや未塗工の電極フィルムの厚さは、任意の3箇所で測定し、得られた数値の平均値を用いて、乾燥後の塗工膜厚を算出した。
電気泳動表示装置用シートの全光線透過率は、ヘーズメーター(日本電色工業株式会社製、商品名「NDH 5000」)を用いて、JIS K7361−1に準拠して測定した。
電気泳動表示装置(表示部分は縦×横=3cm×3cm)の両電極間に15Vの直流電圧を0.4秒間印加して、白表示または黒表示をさせ、各表示の反射率をマクベス分光光度計(グレターク・マクベス・アクチエンゲゼルシャフト製、商品名「SpectroEye(登録商標)」)で測定し、コントラスト(反射率比)を次式により算出した。
コントラスト=(白表示の反射率)/(黒表示の反射率)
なお、白表示および黒表示の反射率は、電気泳動表示装置に極性を切り替えて電圧を印加することにより別々に測定し、また、各反射率は電気泳動表示装置の片面全体について測定した平均値とする。
実施例1において、乾燥後の塗工膜厚を表1に示した値に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電気泳動表示装置用シート(F−2)〜(F−10)および電気泳動表示装置(S−2)〜(S−10)を製造した。
実施例1において、乾燥後の塗工膜厚を表1に示した値に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電気泳動表示装置用シート(CF−1)〜(CF−4)および電気泳動表示装置(CS−1)〜(CS−4)を作製した。
Claims (5)
- 電極フィルムの導電層上に電気泳動表示装置用マイクロカプセルとバインダー樹脂とを含むデータ表示層を有する電気泳動表示装置用シートを検査する方法であって、該電気泳動表示装置用シートの全光線透過率を測定することを特徴とする電気泳動表示装置用シートの検査方法。
- 前記電気泳動表示装置用シートの全光線透過率を測定する際に電圧を印加しない請求項1に記載の検査方法。
- 全光線透過率が3.0%以上、13.0%以下である電気泳動表示装置用シートを合格とする請求項1又は2に記載の検査方法。
- 電極フィルムの導電層上に電気泳動表示装置用マイクロカプセルとバインダー樹脂とを含むデータ表示層を形成した後、得られた電気泳動表示装置用シートを請求項1又は2に記載の検査方法で検査することを特徴とする電気泳動表示装置用シートの製造方法。
- 全光線透過率が3.0%以上、13.0%以下である電気泳動表示装置用シートを合格とする請求項4に記載の製造方法。
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