JP5657199B2 - 銅‐亜鉛合金電気めっき浴 - Google Patents
銅‐亜鉛合金電気めっき浴 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5657199B2 JP5657199B2 JP2008227549A JP2008227549A JP5657199B2 JP 5657199 B2 JP5657199 B2 JP 5657199B2 JP 2008227549 A JP2008227549 A JP 2008227549A JP 2008227549 A JP2008227549 A JP 2008227549A JP 5657199 B2 JP5657199 B2 JP 5657199B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- zinc alloy
- zinc
- electroplating bath
- mol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 45
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 pyrophosphate ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940048084 pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) bromide Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Br-].[Br-] QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PEVJCYPAFCUXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J dicopper;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O PEVJCYPAFCUXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn]Br VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JJKVMNNUINFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-n-(4-methoxyphenyl)benzamide Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 JJKVMNNUINFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXSRRBVHLUJJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-amino-2-methylsulfanyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile Chemical compound N1=CC(C#N)=C(N)N2N=C(SC)N=C21 JXSRRBVHLUJJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005750 Copper hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021590 Copper(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CANRESZKMUPMAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc lactate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O CANRESZKMUPMAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RAOSIAYCXKBGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K [Cu+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [Cu+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RAOSIAYCXKBGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001956 copper hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960000355 copper sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HFDWIMBEIXDNQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diformate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O HFDWIMBEIXDNQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZQLBQWDYEGOYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;disulfamate Chemical compound [Cu+2].NS([O-])(=O)=O.NS([O-])(=O)=O ZQLBQWDYEGOYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960003280 cupric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011641 cupric citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019855 cupric citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004643 cupric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UOURRHZRLGCVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentazinc;dicarbonate;hexahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O UOURRHZRLGCVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-oxo-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)chromen-4-olate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940005657 pyrophosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000992 sputter etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- STDMRMREKPZQFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricopper;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O STDMRMREKPZQFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001939 zinc chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011576 zinc lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000193 zinc lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940050168 zinc lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OMSYGYSPFZQFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-J zinc pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O OMSYGYSPFZQFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940057977 zinc stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;oxalate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/58—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Description
本発明の銅‐亜鉛合金電気めっき浴は、銅塩と、亜鉛塩と、ピロリン酸イオンとを含有する銅‐亜鉛合金めっき浴である。本発明においては、めっき浴中に含まれる銅イオンおよび亜鉛イオンの総容積モル濃度M(mol/L)と添加するピロリン酸イオンの容積モル濃度P(mol/L)の比(P/M)を2.0〜3.2の範囲とすることが重要である。ピロリン酸イオンを錯化剤として用いることにより、めっき下地金属が露出した際の腐食を有機化合物が促進するというという問題を解決することができる。
(実施例1〜3、参考例1〜5、比較例)
下記表1に示す浴組成を有する銅‐亜鉛合金電気めっき浴を調製し、下記表2中の条件に従い、被めっき体として、ニッケルめっきを施したステンレス鋼板に銅‐亜鉛合金めっき処理を施し、評価試験の試料とした。
使用機器:ESCA‐750 (株式会社 島津製作所製)
1.X線源 Mg製円錐状アノード
2.試料寸法 6mmφ
3.X線照射部分 試料全面
4.測定室真空度 2×10−5Pa以下
5.X線出力 8kV、30mA
6.イオンエッチング
(1)使用ガス Arガス、純度99.999%
(2)アルゴンガス圧 5×10−4Pa
(3)放電電流 20mA
(4)加速電圧 2kV
(5)イオン電流 8〜12μV
(6)エッチングスピード 50〜100オングストローム/分
(7)エッチング時間 300秒
得られた銅‐亜鉛合金めっき層につき、積層後の接着強度a(N/cm)、および、沸騰水中に2時間保持した後の接着強度b(N/cm)をJIS C6481に準拠して(引きはがし幅1mm)、測定した。得られた結果から下記式に基づき、劣化率(%)を求めた。
劣化率(%)={(a−b)/a}×100
この数値が小さいほど劣化が少なく、耐腐食性に優れていることを意味する。結果を表2に併せて示す。
Claims (2)
- 銅塩と、亜鉛塩と、ピロリン酸イオンとを含有する銅‐亜鉛合金電気めっき浴において、銅イオンおよび亜鉛イオンの総容積モル濃度M(mol/L)と添加するピロリン酸イオンの容積モル濃度P(mol/L)の比(P/M)が2.0〜3.2の範囲であり、かつ、カルボン酸基を有する有機化合物を含有せず、前記総容積モル濃度M(mol/L)が0.03〜0.08(mol/L)の範囲であることを特徴とする銅‐亜鉛合金電気めっき浴。
- 請求項1記載の銅‐亜鉛合金電気めっき浴を用いてめっき処理がなされた金属ワイヤを用いたことを特徴とする金属コード。
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008227549A JP5657199B2 (ja) | 2008-09-04 | 2008-09-04 | 銅‐亜鉛合金電気めっき浴 |
| PCT/JP2009/065425 WO2010027021A1 (ja) | 2008-09-04 | 2009-09-03 | 銅‐亜鉛合金電気めっき浴 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008227549A JP5657199B2 (ja) | 2008-09-04 | 2008-09-04 | 銅‐亜鉛合金電気めっき浴 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2010059508A JP2010059508A (ja) | 2010-03-18 |
| JP5657199B2 true JP5657199B2 (ja) | 2015-01-21 |
Family
ID=41797187
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008227549A Expired - Fee Related JP5657199B2 (ja) | 2008-09-04 | 2008-09-04 | 銅‐亜鉛合金電気めっき浴 |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5657199B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2010027021A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5687051B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-27 | 2015-03-18 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 銅−亜鉛合金めっき方法およびそれに用いる銅−亜鉛合金めっき浴 |
| CN105154936A (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-16 | 无锡桥阳机械制造有限公司 | 一种稀土镧-铜-锌合金电镀液及其电镀方法 |
| CN106498463A (zh) * | 2016-12-25 | 2017-03-15 | 苏州锆钒电子科技有限公司 | 一种新型无氰电镀铜锡合金工艺 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8426746D0 (en) * | 1984-10-23 | 1984-11-28 | Bekaert Sa Nv | Ferrous substrate |
| US5100517A (en) * | 1991-04-08 | 1992-03-31 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Process for applying a copper layer to steel wire |
| JP3361914B2 (ja) * | 1995-04-05 | 2003-01-07 | 大阪市 | 印刷回路用銅箔の製造方法 |
| TW420729B (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 2001-02-01 | Gould Electronics Inc | A non-cyanide brass plating bath and a method of making metallic foil having a brass layer using the non-cyanide brass plating bath |
| JP2000273776A (ja) * | 1999-03-23 | 2000-10-03 | Kanai Hiroaki | タイヤ補強用スチールワイヤ |
-
2008
- 2008-09-04 JP JP2008227549A patent/JP5657199B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-09-03 WO PCT/JP2009/065425 patent/WO2010027021A1/ja not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2010059508A (ja) | 2010-03-18 |
| WO2010027021A1 (ja) | 2010-03-11 |
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