JP5685231B2 - ジアザベンゾ[デ]アントラセン−3−オン化合物、及び、parpの阻害方法 - Google Patents
ジアザベンゾ[デ]アントラセン−3−オン化合物、及び、parpの阻害方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5685231B2 JP5685231B2 JP2012195313A JP2012195313A JP5685231B2 JP 5685231 B2 JP5685231 B2 JP 5685231B2 JP 2012195313 A JP2012195313 A JP 2012195313A JP 2012195313 A JP2012195313 A JP 2012195313A JP 5685231 B2 JP5685231 B2 JP 5685231B2
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000165 tricyclic carbocycle group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004565 tumor cell growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000003827 upregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- CSHNTDMZZIAXST-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4c Chemical compound C=1C=C2OC(C3=4)=CC=CC=4C(=O)NN=C3C2=CC=1CN(CC1)CCN1C1=NC=CC=N1 CSHNTDMZZIAXST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKKFZDCXTYFTCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4d Chemical compound C1CNC(=O)CN1CC1=CC=C(OC=2C3=C(C(NN=C33)=O)C=CC=2)C3=C1 KKKFZDCXTYFTCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXCCCKFNJUCUFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4h Chemical compound C=1C(CN(C)CCN(CC)CC)=CC=C(O2)C=1C1=NNC(=O)C3=C1C2=CC=C3 HXCCCKFNJUCUFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHEPDJXAXMZNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4j Chemical compound C=1C(CN(CCO)CC)=CC=C(O2)C=1C1=NNC(=O)C3=C1C2=CC=C3 DHEPDJXAXMZNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTFPSEQXKLIITP-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4l Chemical compound C1C(O)CCN1CC1=CC=C(OC=2C3=C(C(NN=C33)=O)C=CC=2)C3=C1 NTFPSEQXKLIITP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPNFAFRXKIXGTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4m Chemical compound C1CC(CCO)CCN1CC1=CC=C(OC=2C3=C(C(NN=C33)=O)C=CC=2)C3=C1 XPNFAFRXKIXGTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFUAIGJUMKKIAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4n Chemical compound C=1C=C2OC(C3=4)=CC=CC=4C(=O)NN=C3C2=CC=1CN(CC1)CCC21OCCO2 MFUAIGJUMKKIAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZJQLCHHNATGMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4o Chemical compound C1C(O)CCCN1CC1=CC=C(OC=2C3=C(C(NN=C33)=O)C=CC=2)C3=C1 ZZJQLCHHNATGMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWBBEMMPVOUECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4p Chemical compound C1C(O)CN1CC1=CC=C(OC=2C3=C(C(NN=C33)=O)C=CC=2)C3=C1 JWBBEMMPVOUECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHDBMINVAVYWLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4q Chemical compound C=1C=C2OC(C3=4)=CC=CC=4C(=O)NN=C3C2=CC=1CNCCN1CCOCC1 PHDBMINVAVYWLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWHQMCOYZBRPKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4r Chemical compound C1CC(O)CCC1NCC1=CC=C(OC=2C3=C(C(NN=C33)=O)C=CC=2)C3=C1 FWHQMCOYZBRPKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOKIRBHBKCBKDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N us8470825, 4s Chemical compound C1CC(=O)CCN1CC1=CC=C(OC=2C3=C(C(NN=C33)=O)C=CC=2)C3=C1 IOKIRBHBKCBKDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000005166 vasculature Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002861 ventricular Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、ポリ(ADP−リボース)ポリメラーゼ(「PARP」)を阻害するジアザベンゾ[デ]アントラセン−3−オン化合物、これらの化合物を含む組成物、並びに、本明細書中に記載の症状の影響を治療、予防及び/又は緩和するためのこれらのPARP阻害剤の使用方法を提供する。
以下のグループIの化合物から選択されるジアザベンゾ[デ]アントラセン−3−オン化合物:
を提供する。
ガン及び/又は腫瘍を治療するための化学増感方法であって、
腫瘍又はガン細胞を、グループIの細胞傷害性効果を有するジアザベンゾ[デ]アントラセン−3−オン化合物と接触させること、及び、腫瘍又はガン細胞を、さらに抗ガン剤と接触させることを含む
ことを特徴とする方法
を提供する。
哺乳類、特にヒトにおいてガンを治療するための化学増感方法であって、
哺乳類に、グループIから選択されるジアザベンゾ[デ]アントラセン−3−オン化合物を投与することを含む
ことを特徴とする方法
を提供する。
定義
本発明は、動物又は哺乳類において本明細書中に記載のいずれかの疾患又は障害を治療するための医薬の製造における本発明の化合物の使用に関する。
(i)疾患、障害及び/又は症状に罹っているかもしれないが、未だ罹患していると診断されていない動物において疾患、障害又は症状が起こるのを予防すること;
(ii)疾患、障害又は症状を阻害する、すなわち、その進行を止めること;及び
(iii)疾患、障害又は症状を緩和する、すなわち、疾患、障害及び/又は症状の後退を生じさせること。
本発明は、核酵素ポリ(アデノシン5’−ジホスホ−リボース)ポリメラーゼ[「ポリ(ADP−リボース)ポリメラーゼ」又は「PARP」、ADPRT(NAD:タンパク質(ADP−リボシルトランスフェラーゼ(重合性)))、pADPRT(ポリ(ADP−リボース)トランスフェラーゼ)及びPARS(ポリ(ADP−リボース)合成酵素)とも呼ばれる]を阻害するための化合物、方法及び医薬組成物を提供する。さらに、本発明は、壊死又はアポトーシスに起因する細胞の損傷又は死;例えば、大脳虚血性卒中、頭部外傷又は脊椎損傷などの、虚血損傷及び再灌流損傷から生じる神経系組織の損傷;例えば、パーキンソン病又はアルツハイマー病及び多発性硬化症などの、神経学的障害及び神経変性疾患を予防及び/又は治療するための:血管卒中を予防又は治療するための:例えば、心筋梗塞などの心血管障害を治療又は予防するための:例えば、加齢性筋退化、AIDS及び他の免疫老化疾患、関節炎、アテローム性動脈硬化、毛細血管拡張性運動失調症、悪液質、ガン、複製老化に関与する骨格筋の変性疾患、糖尿病(真性糖尿病など)、炎症性腸障害(大腸炎及びクローン病など)、急性膵炎、粘膜炎、出血性ショック、内臓動脈閉塞ショック、多臓器不全(腎臓、肝臓、腎臓、肺、網膜、膵臓及び/又は骨格筋系のいずれかを含むものなど)、急性自己免疫甲状腺炎、筋ジストロフィー、骨関節炎、骨粗鬆症、慢性及び急性疼痛(神経障害性疼痛など)、腎不全、網膜虚血、敗血性ショック(内毒素性ショックなど)、局所的及び/又は遠隔内皮細胞不全(内部依存性弛緩応答及び接着分子の上方調節により認識されるものなど)、炎症及び皮膚加齢などの他の症状及び/又は障害を治療するための:例えば、酸化剤、炎症誘発性媒介物及び/又はサイトカインの産生における一般的な媒介物として、並びに、白血球の浸潤、カルシウムイオンの過負荷、リン脂質の過酸化、一酸化窒素代謝の損傷及び/又はATP産生の低減における一般的な媒介物として、細胞の寿命及び増殖能力を拡張するための;老化細胞の遺伝子発現を変えるための:あるいは、低酸素腫瘍細胞を放射線増感させるための、本発明のPARP阻害剤の使用方法を提供する。
また、本発明は、(i)治療上有効量のジアザベンゾ[デ]アントラセン−3−オン誘導体の化合物、及び、(ii)医薬品に許容される担体を含む医薬組成物に関する。
過酸化ベンゾイル(10g、0.041mol)を含む還流四塩化炭素(10L)中に化合物5(400g、1.49mol)を含む溶液を撹拌している中に、NBS(292g、1.64mol)を、数回に分けて45分間かけて添加した。得られた混合物を12時間還流し、次に一晩かけて室温まで冷却した。沈殿したものをろ過し、得られた固形物を水(1.2L)で十分に洗浄し、乾燥させ、322gの化合物6を白色固体で得た(62%)。
四塩化炭素(400mL)中に化合物1(1.97g、7.3mmol、1.00eq)を含む溶液に、N−ブロモコハク酸イミド(1.44g、8.1mmol、1.10eq)及び過酸化ベンゾイル(45mg、0.2mmol、触媒)の触媒量を添加した。反応混合物を加熱、6時間還流し、次に、室温まで冷却した。得られた白色沈殿物を真空ろ過により単離した。残った溶媒は除去し、ろ過固形物は酢酸エチル及びヘキサンで2度再結晶化し、白色固体2(1.15g,45%)を得た。
1H−NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)8.27(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.72−7.80(m,2H),7.57(dd,J=8.5及び1.1Hz,1H),7.48(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.33(dd,J=7.0及び1.1Hz,1H),4.57(s,2H),4.00(s,3H).13C−NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)31.97,53.06,118.63,118.71,119.63,121.56,122.81,126.83,134.15,134.18,134.50,135.95,155.31,155.87,169.72,175.48.
化合物2中の第一臭化物(primary bromide)は、第一級及び第二級アミンを含む求核剤によって容易に置換され、これは炭酸カリウムなどの非反応性塩基種の存在下で好ましく実施される。これらの変換にはジメチルホルムアミドやアセトニトリルなどの極性及び非プロトン性のものが最適であるが、その他の溶媒中でも上記反応を実施することができる。温度範囲は0〜100℃であってよく、50〜80℃が好ましいであろう。
化合物2(3.47g,10.0mmol,1.00eq)のジメチルホルムアミド(100mL)溶液に、炭酸カリウム(13.82g,100.0mmol,10.00eq)及び第二級アミン(10mmol,1eq)を添加する。反応混合物を70℃で6時間加熱し、次に室温まで冷却する。反応混合物に水(100mL)を加え、続いて酢酸エチル(200mL)を加える。有機層を回収し、水で洗浄し、続いて塩水で洗浄し、次に硫酸ナトリウム又は硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させる。溶媒を真空において除去し、残渣を、溶離液として酢酸エチル及びヘキサンを使用してカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、生成物3を50〜90%の収率で得る。
化合物2(1.53g,4.4mmol,1.00eq)のアセトニトリル(50mL)溶液に、炭酸カリウム(1.2g,8.7mmol,2.00eq)及び1−メチルピペラジン(0.51mL,4.6mmol,1.05eq)を添加した。次に反応混合物を加熱し一晩還流した。室温まで冷却した後、固体をろ過にて除去し、有機層は蒸発させて、油状残渣を得た。この物質を酢酸エチル(150ml)に溶解し、1N HCl(150ml)で抽出した。有機層は廃棄し、水層のpHを6N水酸化ナトリウムで9より大きくなるよう調整した。次に、生成物を酢酸エチル(100ml)で2回に分けて抽出し、次いでこれらを合わせて、水及び塩水で連続して洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた。全ての溶媒を真空において除去し、白色固体の3aを得た(0.95g,59%)。
3aの1H−NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):8.18(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.71−7.75(m,2H),7.56(dd,J=8.5及び1.1Hz,1H),7.45(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.32(dd,J=7.0及び1.1Hz,1H),4.04(s,3H),3.58(s,2H),2.45(br,8H),2.27(s,3H).
10−アミノメチル−2H−7−オキサ−1,2−ジアザ−ベンゾ[デ]アントラセン−3−オン誘導体の調製
ベンゾピラノ[4,3,2−デ]フタラジン環を形成する化合物3におけるケトン及びメチルエステルの環化反応はヒドラジンを使用して実施することができ、10−アミノメチル−2H−7−オキサ−1,2−ジアザ−ベンゾ[デ]アントラセン−3−オン誘導体4を高収率で得る。溶媒としてはエタノールが好ましいが、反応は本溶媒に限定されない。温度は0〜120℃の範囲であってよく、70〜90℃が最も望ましい。
化合物3(5mmol)の無水エタノール(10ml)溶液に、無水ヒドラジンのエタノール(1ml)溶液を室温で滴下する。滴下終了後、溶液を加熱し、一晩還流する。一度室温まで冷却し、氷冷水(100mL)を加え、白色固体を沈殿させる。固体を真空ろ過で回収し、水及びエタノールで連続して洗浄し、真空において乾燥させ、白色固体4(収率40〜85%)を得る。
7−(1,4−ジオキサ−8−アザ−スピロ[4.5]デカ−8−イルメチル)−9−オキソ−9Η−キサンテン−1−カルボン酸メチルエステル、3n(1.6g,3.91mmol,1eq)のメタノール(55ml)溶液を80℃まで加熱し、撹拌して全物質を溶解させた。これに、ヒドラジン一水和物(20ml,過剰量)を10分かけて滴下した。反応混合物を加熱し還流を一晩行い、重い白色沈殿物を形成させた。この溶液を室温まで冷却し、生成物を真空ろ過で単離した。少量の水、エタノール及びペンタンで連続して洗浄し、真空において乾燥して4nを高収率で得た(1.4g,92%)。
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):1.62(t,J=5.0,4H),2.40−2.50(m,4H),3.55(s,2H),3.85(s,4H),7.34(d,J=9.4Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.67−7.70(m,1H),7.86−7.92(m,2H),7.98(s,1H),12.62(s,1H).
MS(ES+):377.1H−NMR(CDCl3,300MHz):0.90−1.00(m,6H),2.25−2.50(m,8H),2.55−2.60(m,1H),3.34(s,2H),7.35(d,1H),7.46(d,1H),7.68(dd,1H),7.80−7.95(m,2H),7.95−8.05(m,1H),12.63(s,1H).Anal.Calcd.for C22H24N4O2:C,70.19;H,6.43;N,14.88.Found:C,70.09;H,6.51;N,14.77.
MS(ES+):393.1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):2.30−2.49(m,10H),3.22(s,3H),3.30−3.45(m,2H),3.50(m,2H),7.30−7.35(m,1H),7.40−7.48(m,1H),7.65−7.70(m,1H),7.85−7.95(m,2H),7.95−8.05(m,1H),12.63(s,1H).Anal.Calcd.forC22H24N4O3:C,67.33;H,6.16;N,14.28.Found:C,67.35;H,6.16;N,14.45.
MS(ES+):413.1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):3.28−3.34(m,4H),3.60(s,2H),3.70−3.78(m,4H),6.60−6.62(m,1H),7.38−7.40(m,1H),7.50−7.60(m,1H),7.70−7.74(m,1H),7.80−7.95(m,2H),8.05−8.10(m,1H),8.30−8.40(m,2H),12.64(s,1H).Anal.Calcd.for C23H20N6O2:C,66.98;H,4.89;N,20.38.Found:C,67.03;H,4.88;N,20.15.
MS(ES+):349;1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):2.58−2.62(m,2H),2.94(s,2H),3.16−3.20(m,2H),3.63(s,2H),7.30−7.35(m,1H),7.40−7.48(m,1H),7.65−7.70(m,1H),7.85−7.95(m,2H),7.95−8.05(m,1H).
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):1.64(m,4H),2.30−2.55(m,16H),3.52(s,2H),7.30−7.40(m,1H),7.45−7.50(m,1H),7.70−7.75(m,1H),7.80−7.90(m,2H),8.00−8.05(m,1H).Anal.Calcd.for C25H29N5O2−(0.7H2O):C,67.61;H,6.90;N,15.77;Found:C,67.25;H,6.81;N,15.67.
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):1.45−1.55(m,2H),2.09(s,6H),2.10−2.40(m,12H),3.52(s,2H),7.30−7.40(9m,1H),7.40−7.50(m,1H),7.70−7.75(m,1H),7.80−7.95(m,2H),8.01(s,1H).
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):0.90(t,J=7.2Hz,6H),1.00(t,J=6.8Hz,3H),2.41(dd,J=14.3及び7.2Hz,4H),2.45−2.55(m,6H),3.62(s,2H),7.35(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.49(dd,J=8.3及び2.3Hz,1H),7.69(dd,J=7.1及び2.4Hz,1H),7.86−7.93(m,2H),8.03(d,J=2.3Hz,1H)
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):12.63(s,1H),8.00(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),7.91−7.80(m,2H),7.70(dd,J=7.1及び2.0Hz,1H),7.49(dd,J=8.6及び2.0Hz,1H),7.36(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.55(s,2H),3.88(m,4H),2.47(q,J=7.0Hz,4H),2.17(s,3H),0.93(t,J=7.0Hz,6H).Anal.Calcd.for C22H26N4O2:C,69.82;H,6.92;N,14.80;Found:C,69.56;H,6.95;N,14.60.
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):12.60(s,1H),7.96(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),7.91−7.84(m,2H),7.66(dd,J=6.9及び2.3Hz,1H),7.43(dd,J=8.6及び2.1Hz,1H),7.32(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),4.54(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),3.48(s,2H),3.46(m,1H),2.65(m,2H),2.05(m,2H),1.68(m,2H),1.40(m,2H).Anal.Calcd.for C20H19N3O3:C,68.75;H,5.48;N,12.03;Found:C,68.66;H,5.48;N,12.13.
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):1.00(t,J=6.4Hz,3H),2.45−2.55(m,4H),3.49(dd,J=12.0及び5.5Hz,2H),3.64(s,2H),4.39(t,J=5.1Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.50(dd,J=8.8及び6.5Hz,1H),7.69(dd,J=6.5及び4.3Hz,1H),7.86−7.91(m,2H),8.02(d,J=2.0,1H).
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):1.01(d,J=6.3Hz,12H),2.93−3.04(m,2H),3.66(s,2H),7.34(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.51(dd,J=9.2及び1.9Hz,1H),7.69(dd,J=6.5及び2.7Hz,1H),7.86−7.91(m,2H),8.09(d,J=1.9Hz,1H).
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):1.50−1.60(m,1H),1.95−2.05(m,1H),2.31−2.35(m,1H),2.55−2.65(m,1H),2.68−2.74(m,1H),3.62(d,J=4.2Hz,2H),4.18−4.25(m,1H),4.72(d,J=4.5Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.46−7.49(m,1H),7.70(dd,J=6.9及び2.2Hz,1H),7.87−7.91(m,2H),8.00(d,J=1.6Hz,1H).Anal.Calcd.for C19H17N3O3:C,68.05;H,5.11;N,12.53;Found:C,67.80;H,5.11;N,12.49.
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):1.12−1.17(m,2H),1.34−1.38(m,3H),1.61(d,J=12Hz,1H),1.92(t,J=11Hz,2H),2.80(d,J=10.6Hz,2H),3.42−3.48(m,4H),4.34(t,J=5.2,1H),7.33(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.43−7.46(m,1H),7.68(dd,J=6.9及び2.5Hz,1H),7.86−7.98(m,3H).Anal.Calcd.for C22H23N3O3:C,70.01;H,6.14;N,11.13;Found:C,69.82;H,6.12;N,11.08.
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):1.62(t,J=5.0,4H),2.40−2.50(m,4H),3.55(s,2H),3.85(s,4H),7.34(d,J=9.4Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.67−7.70(m,1H),7.86−7.92(m,2H),7.98(s,1H),12.62(s,1H).Anal.Calcd.for C22H21N3O4:C,67.41;H,5.43;N,10.98;Found:C,67.15;H,5.30;N,11.03.
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):1.00−1.12(m,1H),1.30−1.50(m,1H),1.52−1.95(m,4H),2.66−2.83(m,2H),3.45−3.60(m,3H),4.60(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),7.34−7.48(m,2H),7.68−7.70(dd,J=6.8及び2.2Hz,1H),7.87−8.00(m,3H).Anal.Calcd.for C20H19N3O3:C,68.75;H,5.48;N,12.03;Found:C,68.85;H,5.48;N,12.10.
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):2.79(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),3.51(t,J=6.3Hz,2H),3.61(s,2H),4.23(dd,J=12.9及び6.3Hz,1H),5.33(d,J=6.5Hz,1H),7.33(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.71−7.44(m,1H),7.68(dd,J=6.8,2.6,1H),7.86−7.96(m,3H),12.62(bs,1H).Anal.Calcd.for C18H15N3O3−(0.5H2O):C,65.45;H,4.88;N,12.72;Found:C,65.06;H,4.60;N,13.03.
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):2.16(bs,1H),2.34(bs,4H),2.40(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),2.60(t,J=6.1Hz,2H),3.56(t,J=4.6Hz,4H),3.76(s,2H),7.33(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.48(dd,J=8.3及び1.8Hz,1H),7.68(dd,J=6.6及び2.3,1H),7.88−7.93(m,2H),8.01(d,J=1.5,1H),12.63(bs,1H).Anal.Calcd.for C21H22N4O3−(0.75H2O):C,64.35;H,6.04;N,14.29;Found:C,64.35;H,5.91;N,14.26.
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):1.03−1.16(m,4H),1.75−1.90(m,4H),2.30−2.40(m,1H),3.75(s,2H),4.48(d,J=3.4,1H),7.31(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.48(dd,J=8.5及び2.1Hz,1H),7.67(dd,J=6.8及び2.4Hz,1H,)7.85−7.92(m,2H),8.02(d,J=1.9Hz,1H).Anal.Calcd.for C21H21N3O3−(0.5H2O)・(0.05N2H4):C,67.44;H,5.98;N,11.61;Found:C,67.56;H,5.74;N,11.68.
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):2.37(t,J=2.4Hz,4H),2.73(t,J=2.7Hz,4H),3.69(s,2H),7.38(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.53(dd,J=9.0及び6.1Hz),7.70(dd,J=7.1及び4.7Hz,1H),7.86−7.94(m,2H),8.06(d,J=2.4Hz,1H).
1.IC50
PARP阻害剤化合物のIC50を決定する簡便な方法は、Trevigan(メリーランド州ゲーサーズバーグ)の精製組み換えヒトPARPを用いるPARPアッセイであり、以下のとおりである:PARP酵素アッセイを、氷上で、100mMのTris−HCl(pH8.0)、1mMのMgCl2、28mMのKCl、28mMのNaCl、0.1mg/mlのDNaseI活性化ニシン精子DNA(Sigma,ミズーリ州)、3.0マイクロモル[3H]ニコチンアミドアデニンジヌクレオチド(470mci/ミリモル)、7マイクログラム/mlのPARP酵素及び試験する種々の濃度の化合物からなる100マイクロリットルの容積で開始する。反応を、25℃で混合物をインキュベートすることにより開始する。15分間インキュベートした後、氷冷20%(w/v)トリクロロ酢酸500マイクロリットルを添加することにより反応を終結させる。生成した沈殿をグラスファイバーフィルター(Packard Unifilter−GF/B)上に移し、エタノールで3回洗浄する。フィルターを乾燥した後、シンチレーション計数により放射線活性を測定する。
遺伝子発現変化はヒト繊維芽細胞BJ細胞を用いて測定することができ、上記細胞を細胞集団倍加数(Population Doubling)(PDL)94で通常の増殖培地上に播種し、次いで、低血漿培地に変えて、Linskensら,Nucleic acids Res.,23,3244−3251(1995)に記載の生理学的条件を反映させる。0.5%仔ウシ血清を添加したDMEM/199培地を用いる。細胞を13日間にわたって毎日処理する。PARP阻害剤の投与に使用する溶液を用いて、又は、これを用いずに、コントロール細胞を処理する。未処理の老化コントロール細胞及び若いコントロール細胞を、比較のために試験する。処理した細胞及びコントロール細胞からPCT公開第96/13610号に記載の技術に従ってRNAを調製し、ノーザンブロッティングを実施する。老化関連遺伝子に特異的なプローブを分析し、処理し、コントロール細胞を比較する。結果の分析において、遺伝子発現の最低レベルを任意に1に設定して、比較用のための基準とする。皮膚における加齢性変化に特に関連する3つの遺伝子は、コラーゲン、コラゲナーゼ及びエラスチンである。WestArch.Derm.130,87−95(1994)。PARP阻害剤で処理した細胞のエラスチン発現は、コントロール細胞と比較して顕著に増加するものと予測される。エラスチン発現は、若い細胞において老化細胞よりも顕著に高いはずであるため、PARP阻害剤での処理によって老化細胞でのエラスチン発現レベルは非常に若い細胞における同レベルと同等まで変化するはずである。同様に、PARP阻害剤での処理により、コラゲナーゼ及びコラーゲン発現において有益な効果がみられるはずである。
遺伝子発現変化は、PDLが95〜100のBJ細胞を約105個用い、上記細胞を15cmディッシュに平板培養することによって測定できる。増殖培地は、10%仔ウシ血清を添加したDMEM/199である。細胞をPARP阻害剤(100μg/1mLの培地)で毎日24時間処理する。WO99/11645を参照されたい。細胞をリン酸バッファー(PBS)で洗浄し、次いで、4%パラホルムアルデヒドで5分間透過可能にした後、PBSで洗浄し、100%冷メタノールで10分間処理する。メタノールを除去し、細胞をPBSで洗浄した後、10%血清で処理して、非特異的な抗体結合をブロックする。約1mLの適切な市販抗体溶液(1:500希釈、Vector)を細胞に添加し、混合物を1時間インキュベートする。細胞をPBSで3回洗浄する。二次抗体であるビオチン化ヤギ抗マウスIgG(1mL)を、アルカリホスファターゼ結合ストレプトアビジンを含む溶液1mL及び1mLのNBT剤(Vector)と共に添加する。細胞を洗浄し、遺伝子発現の変化を比色法により観察する。PARP阻害剤で処理した老化細胞において、老化に特異的な4つの遺伝子−コラーゲンI、コラーゲンIII、コラゲナーゼ及びインターフェロンγを観察した結果、インターフェロンγ発現の低下が示され、他の3つの遺伝子の発現レベルには変化がみられなかったが、このことは、PARP阻害剤が、老化に特異的な遺伝子の発現を変化させることができるということを示す。
細胞の増殖能力及び寿命を拡張するための本方法の有効性を示すため、ヒト繊維芽細胞細胞株(細胞集団倍加数(PDL)が23であるWl38、又は、PDLが71であるBJ細胞のいずれか)を解凍し、T75フラスコに平板培養し、通常の培地(10%仔ウシ血清を添加したDMEM/M199)中で約1週間増殖させることによって(このとき細胞はコンフルエントである)、培養物を細分用に準備する。細分に際して、培地を吸引し、細胞をリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)で洗浄し、次いでトリプシン化する。Coulterカウンターを用いて細胞を計数し、10%仔ウシ血清及び種々の量(0.10μM及びImM:DMEM/M199培地中の100倍(IOOX)原液より)のPARP阻害剤を添加したDMEM/199培地を入れた6ウェル組織培養プレート中で、1cm2当たり細胞105個の密度で平板培養する。この方法を、細胞が細分を停止するように見えるまで7日毎に繰り返す。未処理の(コントロール)細胞は、培地中約40日後に老化に達し、細分を停止する。
実施例1:化合物4i及びテモゾロマイドの経口投与は、CNS部位に悪性腫瘍を有するマウスの生存を増大させる。
本明細書中に記載する全ての刊行物、特許及び付与前特許出願公開は、任意の及び全ての目的のために、あたかもそれぞれの個別の刊行物及び特許出願が参照として援用されていることが示されているかのように、特別にかつ個別に本明細書中に参照として援用される。不一致がある場合、本開示が優先する。
Claims (8)
- 医薬品に許容される塩がマレイン酸塩である、請求項2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 腫瘍細胞が、ACTH産生腫瘍、急性リンパ球性白血病、急性非リンパ球性白血病、副腎皮質ガン、膀胱ガン、脳ガン、乳ガン、子宮頚部ガン、慢性リンパ球性白血病、慢性骨髄球性白血病、直腸結腸ガン、皮膚T−細胞リンパ腫、子宮内膜ガン、食道ガン、ユーイング肉腫、胆嚢ガン、毛様細胞白血病、頭頚部ガン、ホジキンリンパ腫、カポジ肉腫、腎臓ガン、肝臓ガン、肺ガン(小細胞及び/又は非小細胞ガン)、悪性腹膜滲出、悪性胸膜滲出、黒色腫、中皮腫、多発性骨髄腫、神経芽細胞腫、非ホジキンリンパ腫、骨肉腫、卵巣ガン、卵巣(胚細胞)ガン、前立腺ガン、膵臓ガン、陰茎ガン、網膜芽細胞腫、皮膚ガン、軟組織肉腫、扁平上皮細胞ガン腫、胃ガン、精巣ガン、甲状腺ガン、栄養膜新生物、子宮ガン、膣ガン、外陰部ガン及びウィルムス腫瘍からなる群より選択される
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。 - 前記化学療法薬剤が、タキソイド、テモゾロマイド、アドリアマイジン、カンプトテシン、カルボプラチン、シスプラチン、ダウノルビシン、ドセタキセル、ドキソルビシン、インターフェロン(α,β,γ)、インターロイキン2、イリノテカン、パクリタキセル、トポテカン、その治療上有効なアナログ及び誘導体、並びに、これらの混合物からなる群より選択される
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。 - 前記化学療法薬剤がテモゾロマイドである
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
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