JP6185423B2 - ガス流からの水素及び一酸化炭素不純物の除去 - Google Patents
ガス流からの水素及び一酸化炭素不純物の除去 Download PDFInfo
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Description
CO(ガス) ⇔ CO(吸着される)
すなわち、触媒表面で吸着されるガスからのCO
CO(吸着される)+ O(表面) ⇔ CO2(吸着される)
すなわち、吸着されるCOは、触媒表面の酸素と反応してCO2を生成する
CO2(吸着される) ⇔ CO(ガス)
すなわち、CO2は、ガス相中に脱着される
水素除去について、同様の機構が関与している(これらの反応機構では、「CO」の代わりに「H2」を使用し、「CO2」の代わりに「H2O」を使用する)。
前記ガスから水及び二酸化炭素を除去して二酸化炭素を実質的に含まない乾燥ガスを製造するための少なくとも1種の吸着剤層と、
前記乾燥ガスから水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去して水素及び一酸化炭素を実質的に含まない生成物ガスを製造するための触媒の層と、
任意選択で、前記生成物ガスから二酸化炭素を除去するためのさらなる吸着剤層と
からなり、前記触媒が酸化マンガン及び酸化銅の混合物を含む吸着装置が提供される。
本発明の第3の形態において、不純物を含む乾燥ガスから水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するためのホプカライトの使用であって、前記乾燥ガスが二酸化炭素を実質的に含まない使用が提供される。
CO + MnO2 → CO2 + MnO
これに基づき、ガス中の酸素(O2)の存在は酸化には必要無い。従って、酸素ガスが乾燥ガス中に存在してもよく、もしそうなら、酸化反応の酸化剤として利用できるであろう。酸素は、約1mol%〜約50mol%の量で存在してもよい。乾燥ガスは、窒素及び希ガスなどの少なくとも1種のガス成分を含んでよい。好適な態様において、乾燥ガスは空気である。
#1.水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を含む乾燥ガスから水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するための方法であって、前記乾燥ガスが二酸化炭素を少なくとも実質的に含まず、前記方法が、前記乾燥ガスを水素及び一酸化炭素を少なくとも実質的に含まない生成物ガスを製造するのに十分な滞留時間で酸化マンガン及び酸化銅の混合物を含む触媒の層に通過させることを含む、方法。
#2.前記触媒が(合計の原子質量に基づいて)約30wt%〜約60wt%のマンガン及び約10wt%〜約30wt%の銅を含む、#1に記載の方法。
#3.前記触媒がホプカライトである、#1又は#2に記載の方法。
#4.前記触媒の層内の滞留時間が少なくとも1.5秒である、#1〜#3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#5.前記乾燥ガスが最大約20ppmの水素を含む、#1〜#4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#6.前記乾燥ガスが最大約50ppmの一酸化炭素を含む、#1〜#5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#7.前記乾燥ガスが約10ppm以下の水を含む、#1〜#6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#8.前記乾燥ガスが約10ppm以下の二酸化炭素を含む、#1〜#7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#9.酸素が、約1mol%〜約50mol%の量において前記乾燥ガス中に存在する、#1〜#8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#10.前記乾燥ガスが空気である、#1〜#9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#11.前記乾燥ガスが約3bar〜約25bar(0.3MPa〜2.5MPa)の圧力で前記触媒の層を通過する、#1〜#10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#12.前記乾燥ガスが約0℃〜約60℃の温度である、#1〜#11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#13.前記生成物ガスが10ppb以下の一酸化炭素を含む、#1〜#12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#14.前記生成物ガスが10ppb以下の水素を含む、#1〜#13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#15.前記触媒の層が、再生ガスを少なくとも180℃の温度で前記触媒の層に少なくとも25分間にわたって通過させることにより再生される、#1〜#14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#16.前記再生ガスが触媒表面に酸素を供給するための酸素を含む、#15に記載の方法。
#17.水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を含む乾燥空気から水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するための方法であって、前記乾燥空気が二酸化炭素を少なくとも実質的に含まず、前記方法が、前記乾燥空気を約3bar〜約25bar(0.3MPa〜2.5MPa)の圧力及び約0℃〜約60℃の温度でホプカライト触媒の層に少なくとも1.5秒の前記触媒の層内の滞留時間で通過させて、水素及び一酸化炭素を少なくとも実質的に含まない生成物ガスを製造することを含む、方法。
#18.水、二酸化炭素、水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を含むガスから、水、二酸化炭素、水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するための吸着装置であって、前記吸着装置が吸着剤床を含み、前記吸着剤床が、
前記ガスから水及び二酸化炭素を除去して二酸化炭素を実質的に含まない乾燥ガスを製造するための少なくとも1種の吸着剤層と、
前記乾燥ガスから水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去して水素及び一酸化炭素を実質的に含まない生成物ガスを製造するための触媒の層と、
任意選択で、前記生成物ガスから二酸化炭素を除去するためのさらなる吸着剤層と
からなり、前記触媒が酸化マンガン及び酸化銅の混合物を含む、吸着装置。
#19.前記触媒が(合計の原子質量に基づいて)約30wt%〜約60wt%のマンガン及び約10wt%〜約30wt%の銅を含む、#18に記載の吸着装置。
#20.前記触媒がホプカライトである、#18又は#19に記載の吸着装置。
#21.前記触媒の層の長さが、前記触媒の層内において少なくとも1.5秒の乾燥ガスの滞留時間を与えるのに十分なものである、#18〜#20のいずれか1項に記載の吸着装置。
#22.前記装置がTSA装置である、#18〜#21のいずれか1項に記載の吸着装置。
#23.酸素と、水素及び一酸化炭素不純物とを含む乾燥ガスから、水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するためのホプカライトの使用であって、前記乾燥ガスが二酸化炭素を実質的に含まない、使用。
[ホプカライトによる水素の除去]
この試験では、乾燥した精製空気に希薄水素を添加して、5ppmの水素を含有する原料空気流を得た。原料ガス流速は3.5scfm(1.7×10-3m3/秒)であり、触媒層中のガス滞留時間は3.6秒であった。
[ホプカライト上の水素化学吸着に対する一酸化炭素の影響]
この試験では、乾燥した精製空気に、希薄水素と希薄一酸化炭素とを加えて、5ppmの水素と10ppmの一酸化炭素とを含む原料空気流を得た。原料ガス流速は3.5scfm(1.7×10-3m3/秒)であり、触媒層中のガス滞留時間は3.6秒であった。
[ホプカライト上の水素化学吸着に対する二酸化炭素の影響]
この試験では、乾燥した精製空気に、希薄水素と希薄二酸化炭素とを加えて、5ppmの水素と400ppmの二酸化炭素(これは、触媒層の前に水の除去が行われる場合にのみ、空気中にあるであろう二酸化炭素のレベルである)とを含む原料空気流を得た。原料ガス流速は3.5scfm(1.7×10-3m3/秒)であり、触媒層中のガス滞留時間は3.6秒であった。
[滞留時間の関数としての水素の破過]
この試験では、乾燥した精製空気に、希薄水素と希薄一酸化炭素とを加えて、5ppmの水素と10ppmの一酸化炭素とを含む原料空気流を得た。原料ガス流速は3.5scfm(1.7×10-3m3/秒)であったが、ガスは、床に沿った3つの異なる位置の1.2秒、2.5秒、及び3.7秒の滞留時間に一致してサンプリングした。
[二酸化炭素分離も伴う水素の破過]
この試験では、この試験では、乾燥した精製空気に、希薄水素と希薄一酸化炭素とを加えて、5ppmの水素と10ppmの一酸化炭素とを含む原料空気流を得た。原料ガス流速は3.6scfm(1.7×10-3m3/秒)であり、触媒層中の滞留時間は3.2秒であった。この場合の原料ガスとカラム温度は、55℃に変更された。
Claims (9)
- 水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を含む乾燥空気から水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するための方法であって、前記方法が、前記乾燥空気を水を吸着するための第1の層と二酸化炭素を吸着するための第2の層とを通過させることで、乾燥空気中の二酸化炭素及び水含量をそれぞれ10ppm以下に低減すること、次いで前記乾燥空気を0℃〜60℃の温度で酸化マンガン及び酸化銅の混合物を含む触媒の層に少なくとも1.5秒の前記触媒の層内の滞留時間で通過させて、酸化マンガン及び酸化銅の混合物によって前記乾燥空気から水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去し、水素及び一酸化炭素含量がそれぞれ10ppb以下である生成物ガスを製造することを含み、前記触媒が(合計の原子質量に基づいて)30wt%〜60wt%のマンガン及び10wt%〜30wt%の銅を含む、方法。
- 前記触媒がホプカライトである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥空気が最大20ppmの水素を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥空気が最大50ppmの一酸化炭素を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 酸素が、1mol%〜50mol%の量において前記乾燥空気中に存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥空気が3bar〜25bar(0.3MPa〜2.5MPa)の圧力で前記触媒の層を通過する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒の層が、再生ガスを少なくとも180℃の温度で前記触媒の層に少なくとも25分間にわたって通過させることにより再生される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記再生ガスが触媒表面に酸素を供給するための酸素を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を含む乾燥空気から水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するための方法であって、前記方法が、前記乾燥空気を水を吸着するための第1の層と二酸化炭素を吸着するための第2の層とを通過させることで、乾燥空気中の二酸化炭素及び水含量をそれぞれ10ppm以下に低減すること、次いで前記乾燥空気を3bar〜25bar(0.3MPa〜2.5MPa)の圧力及び0℃〜60℃の温度でホプカライト触媒の層に少なくとも1.5秒の前記触媒の層内の滞留時間で通過させて、ホプカライトによって前記乾燥空気から水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去し、水素及び一酸化炭素含量がそれぞれ10ppb以下である生成物ガスを製造することを含む、方法。
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| US13/859,838 US8940263B2 (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Removal of hydrogen and carbon monoxide impurities from gas streams |
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| US20140308176A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
| EP2789376B1 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
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| SG10201401155TA (en) | 2014-11-27 |
| IL232007A0 (en) | 2014-08-31 |
| EP2789376B2 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
| PL2789376T3 (pl) | 2018-04-30 |
| KR20140122678A (ko) | 2014-10-20 |
| ES2656305T5 (es) | 2022-02-23 |
| TW201438808A (zh) | 2014-10-16 |
| EP2789376A1 (en) | 2014-10-15 |
| JP2014208340A (ja) | 2014-11-06 |
| KR101605609B1 (ko) | 2016-03-22 |
| ES2656305T3 (es) | 2018-02-26 |
| MY169362A (en) | 2019-03-26 |
| PL2789376T5 (pl) | 2021-08-30 |
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