JP6202811B2 - 原子力産業から生じるトリチウム廃棄物の脱気を制限する方法およびデバイス - Google Patents
原子力産業から生じるトリチウム廃棄物の脱気を制限する方法およびデバイス Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 65
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 60
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 title claims description 39
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 title description 18
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 112
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-PWCQTSIFSA-N Tritiated water Chemical compound [3H]O[3H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-PWCQTSIFSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003058 platinum compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 silver ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 28
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940045985 antineoplastic platinum compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OTCVAHKKMMUFAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxosilver Chemical group [Ag]=O OTCVAHKKMMUFAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-NJFSPNSNSA-N tritium atom Chemical compound [3HH] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/02—Treating gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D59/00—Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element
- B01D59/22—Separation by extracting
- B01D59/26—Separation by extracting by sorption, i.e. absorption, adsorption, persorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
- B01J8/006—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream by filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
- G21B1/11—Details
- G21B1/115—Tritium recovery
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/20—Disposal of liquid waste
- G21F9/22—Disposal of liquid waste by storage in a tank or other container
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/02—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor with stationary particles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S588/00—Hazardous or toxic waste destruction or containment
- Y10S588/901—Compositions
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Description
−ドラムは廃棄物を含み、混合物が廃棄物の上または廃棄物の中に拡散される;
−シーブがドラムの底部に配置される;
−混合物がモレキュラーシーブを少なくとも部分的に覆い、シーブおよび混合物が単一のアセンブリを形成する。
MnO2+Q2→MnO+Q2O
ここで、Qは区別なく、水素の全てのアイソトープを表す。
2 混合物
5 トリチウム廃棄物
10 ドラム
11 垂直壁
12 底部
13 蓋
Claims (28)
- 原子力産業からのトリチウム廃棄物(5)の少なくとも一つのピースを含む少なくとも一つのパッケージによって生じるトリチウム化水素(T2またはHT)および/またはトリチウム化水(HTOまたはT2O)の量を低減する方法であって、以下の段階:
−銀を含む成分と結合された二酸化マンガン(MnO2)を含む混合物(2)と接触してパッケージを配置する段階と、
−少なくとも一つのモレキュラーシーブ(1)と接触して前記パッケージを配置する段階と、
を含み、
前記混合物(2)は、前記混合物(2)における重量濃度が0.1%から1%の範囲であるプラチナ化合物を含み、前記プラチナ化合物は10%Ptプラチナブラックで作られていることを特徴とする、方法。 - 前記銀は、前記混合物(2)にあり、以下:銀酸化物、銀塩または銀複合物、の少なくとも一つとして現れる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記銀は前記混合物(2)において銀酸化物として現れ、前記混合物(2)における二酸化マンガンの重量濃度は80%から99%の範囲であり、前記混合物(2)における銀酸化物の重量濃度は20%から1%の範囲である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物(2)における二酸化マンガンおよび銀酸化物の重量濃度は、それぞれ略90%および10%である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記銀は前記混合物(2)において銀酸化物として現れ、前記混合物(2)における二酸化マンガンの重量濃度は略89.3%であり、銀の重量濃度は略10.2%であり、前記プラチナ化合物の重量濃度は略0.5%である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記モレキュラーシーブ(1)は4Aタイプまたは5Aタイプのゼオライトである、請求項1から5の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物(2)と接触してパッケージを配置する段階およびモレキュラーシーブ(1)と接触して前記パッケージを配置する段階の前に、前記モレキュラーシーブ(1)上に前記混合物(2)を堆積させる段階を含む、請求項1から6の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記モレキュラーシーブ(1)上に前記混合物(2)を堆積させる段階の後に、前記モレキュラーシーブ(1)上に前記混合物(2)を機械的に固定する段階が続く、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記モレキュラーシーブ(1)上に前記混合物(2)を堆積させる段階の後に、添加剤を用いて前記モレキュラーシーブ(1)上に前記混合物(2)を化学的に固定する段階が続く、請求項7または8に記載の方法。
- 前記パッケージは、底部(12)を有しトリチウム廃棄物(5)の少なくとも一つのピースを含むドラム(10)として現れ、前記方法は、前記混合物(2)が固定される前記モレキュラーシーブ(1)を前記ドラム(10)の内部に配置する段階を含む、請求項8または9に記載の方法。
- 前記パッケージは、底部(12)を有しトリチウム廃棄物(5)の少なくとも一つのピースを含むドラム(10)として現れ、前記方法は、前記ドラム(10)の底部(12)に前記モレキュラーシーブ(1)を配置する段階と、前記廃棄物(5)内または前記廃棄物(5)上に前記混合物(2)を堆積させる段階と、を含む、請求項1から10の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物(2)は、カバリングを形成するために曲げやすい基板上に少なくとも部分的に配置され、前記方法はまた、前記カバリングとともに前記パッケージの少なくとも一部分を囲む段階を含む、請求項1から11の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記曲げやすい基板はワイヤメッシュである、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 銀を含む化合物と結合された二酸化マンガン(MnO2)の混合物(2)と接触してパッケージを配置する段階の前に、二酸化マンガン(MnO2)が銀(Ag)を含む化合物と結合される間に混合物(2)を調製する段階を含む、請求項1から13の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物(2)を調製する段階の間に、銀が銀酸化物(AgOまたはAg2O)として二酸化マンガン(MnO2)に添加される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物(2)を調製する段階は、二酸化マンガンパウダーと銀酸化物パウダー(AgOまたはAg2O)とを混合する(2)段階を含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物を調製する段階の間、かつ前記二酸化マンガンパウダーと銀酸化物パウダーとを混合する段階の後に、前記混合されたパウダーに水を添加する段階を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物(2)を調製する段階は、固体状態の二酸化マンガン上に銀イオン(Ag+)を含む食塩水を広げる段階を含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物(2)を調製する段階は、固体状態の二酸化マンガンを、銀を含む塩を含む溶液に浸す段階を含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物(2)を調製する段階は、銀を含む溶液の沈殿反応によって、二酸化マンガン上に銀を堆積させる段階を含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- トリチウム廃棄物(5)の少なくとも一つのピースを含む少なくとも一つのパッケージによって生じるトリチウム化水素(T2またはHT)の量を低減するデバイスであって、前記デバイスは少なくとも一つのモレキュラーシーブ(1)を含み、前記デバイスはまた、銀を含む化合物と結合された二酸化マンガン(MnO2)を含む混合物(2)を含み、前記混合物(2)は、前記混合物(2)における重量濃度が0.1%から1%の範囲であるプラチナ化合物を含み、前記プラチナ化合物は10%Ptプラチナブラックで作られていることを特徴とする、デバイス。
- 前記混合物(2)は、前記モレキュラーシーブ(1)に固定される、請求項21に記載のデバイス。
- トリチウム廃棄物(5)の少なくとも一つのピース、並びに前記モレキュラーシーブ(10)および前記混合物(2)を含む少なくとも一つのドラム(10)を含む、請求項21に記載のデバイス。
- 前記ドラム(10)は廃棄物(5)を含み、前記混合物(2)は前記廃棄物(5)の上または前記廃棄物(5)の中に広がる、請求項23に記載のデバイス。
- 前記混合物(2)は前記モレキュラーシーブ(1)を少なくとも部分的に覆い、前記モレキュラーシーブ(1)および前記混合物(2)は単一アセンブリを形成する、請求項21に記載のデバイス。
- 曲げやすい基板から作られたカバリングを含み、前記曲げやすい基板は少なくとも部分的に、銀を含む化合物と結合された二酸化マンガン(MnO2)を含む混合物から作られた層によって覆われる、請求項21に記載のデバイス。
- 前記カバリングはまた、前記モレキュラーシーブを含む、請求項26に記載のデバイス。
- 一つ以上のドラムを含み、それぞれがトリチウム廃棄物の少なくとも一つのピースを含み、前記カバリングが前記ドラムまたは複数のドラムを囲む、請求項26または27に記載のデバイス。
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| FR1161500A FR2984003B1 (fr) | 2011-12-12 | 2011-12-12 | Procede et dispositif de reduction du degazage de dechets trities issus de l'industrie nucleaire |
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| RU2669013C1 (ru) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-10-05 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-исследовательский технологический институт имени А.П. Александрова" | Способ переработки маломинерализованных средне- и низкоактивных жидких радиоактивных отходов |
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| FR3008222B1 (fr) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-07-31 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de traitement d'une aiguille absorbante contenant du carbure de bore contamine et du sodium. |
| JP6371936B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-13 | 2018-08-08 | 古屋仲 秀樹 | トリチウム吸着材、水中からのトリチウムの分離方法及びトリチウム吸着材の再生方法 |
| US9738739B2 (en) | 2014-08-20 | 2017-08-22 | George A. Digenis | Method of fixing radioactive tritiated water in a stable tritiated polystyrene product |
| WO2017006973A1 (ja) * | 2015-07-06 | 2017-01-12 | 株式会社フォワードサイエンスラボラトリ | トリチウム吸収材からトリチウムを回収する方法、および吸収材として再利用する方法 |
| WO2017026533A1 (ja) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-02-16 | 株式会社フォワードサイエンスラボラトリ | 三重水素吸収材、重水中からの三重水素の分離方法 |
| US10096392B2 (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2018-10-09 | P&T Global Solutions, Llc | Ion exchange column configured to reduce internal levels of radiolytic hydrogen gas |
| KR102891904B1 (ko) | 2022-09-29 | 2025-11-27 | 김용수 | 저온증류 농축에 의한 삼중수소수 분리 시스템 |
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| NL161603C (nl) * | 1972-07-31 | 1980-02-15 | Arbeitsgemeinschaft Versuchsre | Werkwijze voor het koelen van een gasgekoelde, met grafiet gemodereerde kernreactor. |
| GB1485266A (en) * | 1973-11-20 | 1977-09-08 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Storage of material |
| US4224384A (en) | 1975-09-30 | 1980-09-23 | Union Carbide Corporation | Silver catalyzed manganese dioxide hydrogen gas absorber |
| US4252666A (en) | 1979-06-07 | 1981-02-24 | Union Carbide Corporation | Silver catalyzed manganese dioxide hydrogen gas absorber |
| DE3011602A1 (de) * | 1980-03-26 | 1981-10-08 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur endlagerung von tritium, insbesondere tritiumabfaellen aus kernkraftwerken, mit der moeglichkeit der tritiumrueckgewinnung |
| DE3606317A1 (de) * | 1986-02-27 | 1987-09-03 | Kernforschungsz Karlsruhe | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur dekontamination des abgases des brennstoffkreislaufs eines fusionsreaktors von tritium und/oder deuterium in chemisch gebundener form enthaltenden abgas-bestandteilen |
| US4800024A (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1989-01-24 | Iso-Clear Systems Corporation | Removal of heavy metals and heavy metal radioactive isotopes from liquids |
| GB2234450A (en) * | 1989-07-25 | 1991-02-06 | Uop Ltd | Low temperature oxidation catalysts |
| US5464988A (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1995-11-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Tritium waste package |
| IT1318279B1 (it) * | 2000-07-28 | 2003-07-28 | Getters Spa | Dispositivo capacitivo integrato con strato dielettrico degradabiledall'idrogeno protetto da strato getter. |
| US6994831B1 (en) | 2002-10-23 | 2006-02-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Oxidative tritium decontamination system |
| FR2859202B1 (fr) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-10-14 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Compose piegeur de l'hydrogene, procede de fabrication et utilisations |
| JP2005127718A (ja) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-05-19 | Hitachi Eng Co Ltd | トリチウム除染装置とその方法 |
| GB0427647D0 (en) | 2004-12-17 | 2005-01-19 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Hydrogen getter |
| US7381244B2 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2008-06-03 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Apparatus and process for air cleaning |
| FR2897786B1 (fr) * | 2006-02-24 | 2008-06-27 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de nettoyage d'un substrat contamine par des contaminants inorganiques particulaires, a l'aide d'un fluide dense sous pression |
| FR2909657B1 (fr) | 2006-12-12 | 2009-03-06 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Composition minerale apte a pieger l'hydrogene, procede de preparation et utilisations |
| FR2939700B1 (fr) * | 2008-12-11 | 2014-09-12 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Materiau pour le piegeage d'hydrogene, procede de preparation et utilisations |
| IT1400531B1 (it) * | 2010-06-22 | 2013-06-11 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Processo per la detriziazione di soft housekeeping waste e impianto relativo |
| CN101915786B (zh) * | 2010-07-22 | 2013-05-08 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | 可燃气体监测系统及方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2669013C1 (ru) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-10-05 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-исследовательский технологический институт имени А.П. Александрова" | Способ переработки маломинерализованных средне- и низкоактивных жидких радиоактивных отходов |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20150243393A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
| US9269465B2 (en) | 2016-02-23 |
| EP2605249B1 (fr) | 2014-08-20 |
| JP2013122453A (ja) | 2013-06-20 |
| RU2012152963A (ru) | 2014-06-20 |
| FR2984003B1 (fr) | 2014-01-10 |
| KR20130066549A (ko) | 2013-06-20 |
| CN103165209A (zh) | 2013-06-19 |
| EP2605249A1 (fr) | 2013-06-19 |
| CA2797079A1 (fr) | 2013-06-12 |
| US20130178686A1 (en) | 2013-07-11 |
| US9040768B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 |
| RU2597880C2 (ru) | 2016-09-20 |
| ES2523941T3 (es) | 2014-12-02 |
| FR2984003A1 (fr) | 2013-06-14 |
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