JP6286057B2 - カーボネートを生成する方法 - Google Patents
カーボネートを生成する方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6286057B2 JP6286057B2 JP2016549750A JP2016549750A JP6286057B2 JP 6286057 B2 JP6286057 B2 JP 6286057B2 JP 2016549750 A JP2016549750 A JP 2016549750A JP 2016549750 A JP2016549750 A JP 2016549750A JP 6286057 B2 JP6286057 B2 JP 6286057B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- reactor
- carbonate
- tube
- thermally conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 217
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- -1 alkyl aryl carbonate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 64
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 47
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 26
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl carbonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 4
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003444 phase transfer catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000004203 4-hydroxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]OC1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000004023 quaternary phosphonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- GFZMLBWMGBLIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC GFZMLBWMGBLIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004454 (C1-C6) alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTFQULSULHRJOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5,6-tetrabromobenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1Br DTFQULSULHRJOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSWWXRFVMJHFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tribromophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Br)C=C(Br)C=C1Br BSWWXRFVMJHFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1O NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VJIDDJAKLVOBSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CCC1=CC(O)=CC=C1O VJIDDJAKLVOBSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)O CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(I)=CC=C21 FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YBLBHSSRHHJKEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylisoindol-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 YBLBHSSRHHJKEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QDFXRVAOBHEBGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(cyclononen-1-yl)-4,5,6,7,8,9-hexahydro-1h-diazonine Chemical compound C1CCCCCCC=C1C1=NNCCCCCC1 QDFXRVAOBHEBGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WADSJYLPJPTMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(cycloundecen-1-yl)-1,2-diazacycloundec-2-ene Chemical compound C1CCCCCCCCC=C1C1=NNCCCCCCCC1 WADSJYLPJPTMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAJVDSVGBWFCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Phenyl-1-propanol Chemical compound OCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 VAJVDSVGBWFCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- URFNSYWAGGETFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Dihydroxybibenzyl Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 URFNSYWAGGETFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YVBCULSIZWMTFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Heptanol Natural products CCCC(O)CCC YVBCULSIZWMTFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RZKSECIXORKHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heptan-3-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)CC RZKSECIXORKHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- FRNQLQRBNSSJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divarinol Chemical compound CCCC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 FRNQLQRBNSSJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(C)O QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- MCZDHTKJGDCTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC MCZDHTKJGDCTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DFQPZDGUFQJANM-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DFQPZDGUFQJANM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MRYQZMHVZZSQRT-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.C[N+](C)(C)C MRYQZMHVZZSQRT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WWIYWFVQZQOECA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.C[N+](C)(C)C WWIYWFVQZQOECA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HYVDRSVZYMKTKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylphosphanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.C[P+](C)(C)C HYVDRSVZYMKTKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZPRWYZRUPRQWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylphosphanium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.C[P+](C)(C)C ZPRWYZRUPRQWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CRUVUWATNULHFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylphosphanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[P+](C)(C)C CRUVUWATNULHFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HLNHDVOODYDVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraphenylphosphanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.C1=CC=CC=C1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 HLNHDVOODYDVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLLNYWQSSYUXJM-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraphenylphosphanium;phenoxide Chemical compound [O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZLLNYWQSSYUXJM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MYWQGROTKMBNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxyalumane Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] MYWQGROTKMBNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAEJRRZPRZCUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxyalumane Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C UAEJRRZPRZCUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YNPXMOHUBANPJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;butan-1-olate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YNPXMOHUBANPJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXKZSTUKHWTJCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;ethanolate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC[O-].CC[O-] WXKZSTUKHWTJCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C68/00—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C68/02—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from phosgene or haloformates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/02—Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/18—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
ln(CCl4)(ppm)=0.0049*Tmax(K)-1.817
したがって、0.5インチの実験室規模のチューブ反応器と比較して、より高い2インチの産業規模の反応器におけるチューブのピーク温度は、複合触媒層が使用されたとしても、四塩化炭素を有意に多く形成する。
チルホスフィン、トリエチルホスフィン、トリブチルホスフィン、トリフェニルホスフィン、トリブチルメチルホスホニウムハライド、トリオクチルブチルホスホニウムハライド及びトリフェニルメチルホスホニウムハライド;ジルコニウム化合物、例えばジルコニウムハライド、ジルコニウムアセチルアセトネート、ジルコニウムアルコキシド及び酢酸ジルコニウムと;鉛及び鉛含有化合物、例えば酸化鉛、例えばPbO、PbO2及びPb3O4、硫化鉛、例えばPbS、Pb2S3及びPbS2、並びに水酸化鉛、例えばPb(OH)2、Pb3O2(OH)2、Pb2[PbO2(OH)2]及びPb2O(OH)2を含む。具体的には、チタン化合物、例えばチタニウムテトラフェノキシド、チタニウムイソプロピレート、チタニウムテトラクロリド、有機スズ化合物並びに銅、鉛、亜鉛、鉄及びジルコニウム化合物、並びに先述の少なくとも1つを含む組合せを含む触媒が挙げられる。具体的には、チタン化合物、例えばチタニウムテトラフェノキシド、チタニウムイソプロピレート、チタニウムテトラクロリド、有機スズ化合物並びに銅、鉛、亜鉛、鉄及びジルコニウム化合物、並びに先述の少なくとも1つを含む組合せを含む触媒が挙げられる。
CO+Cl2→COCl2
のように書くことができ、式中、反応器への供給流は、CO対Cl2のモル比が1:1であるCO及びCl2の混合物を含む。以下を使用して、物質及びエネルギー保存の式に対し、簡潔な1-Dプラグフローモデルを書いた:
ln(CCl4[ppm])=0.0049*Tpeak(K)-1.817(7)
式7から、ピーク温度であるTpeakが上昇するので、指数平均でホスゲン中の四塩化炭素の量が増加すると予測される。類似した関係が持続するとみなせば、産業上の設定で使用される場合、CCl4の形成は実験室規模の事例より300%多く増加するであろう。言い換えれば、0.5インチ外径のチューブ反応器から、産業上の多管式反応器に一般的に使用される2インチのチューブへスケールアップすると、所定の一連の作用条件に対して、ホスゲン中の四塩化炭素が、実験室規模で観察された値より4倍多く増加する。このモデルから、産業規模の多管式反応器において、反応器の設計に、伝熱を改善するように基本設計の変化を行わない限り、ホスゲン中の四塩化炭素は、スケールアップの際に数倍に増えるという筆者らの主張が明らかに確立される。
Claims (10)
- カーボネートを生成する方法であって、
一酸化炭素を含む供給流及び塩素を、反応器のチューブ中で反応させて、ホスゲンを含む生成組成物を生成する工程であり、前記チューブが微粒子触媒を含有し、前記チューブから隔離した熱伝導性材料が、前記微粒子触媒の少なくとも一部に接触し、四塩化炭素がホスゲンの体積に対して0から10体積ppmの量で前記生成組成物に存在し、前記反応器が、1時間当たり2,000キログラム以上の第1の生成物を生成することが可能である工程;並びに、
モノヒドロキシ化合物を前記ホスゲンと反応させて、カーボネートを生成する工程
を含む、方法。 - 前記熱伝導性材料により、前記微粒子触媒及び前記チューブの間に熱伝導経路が設けられる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記熱伝導性材料が、前記微粒子触媒の外面の少なくとも一部、又は前記微粒子触媒の凝集体の外面の少なくとも一部、又はその両方に配置されているコーティングの形態で含まれる、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記熱伝導性材料が、熱伝導性三次元メッシュの形態で含まれ;且つ/又は、前記熱伝導性材料が、微粒子触媒内に分布し、前記微粒子触媒と物理的に接触している微粒子材料の形態で含まれる、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記熱伝導性材料が、微粒子触媒におけるドーパントの形態で、微粒子触媒の質量に対して10,000ppm以上の量で含まれる、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記熱伝導性材料が、2W/(m・K)超の熱伝導率を有する、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記反応器中のピーク温度が、800℃未満であり;且つ/又は、反応器は、250から10,000m2/m 3 の単位容積当たりの伝熱面積を有する、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記カーボネートがジアルキルカーボネートであり、前記モノヒドロキシ化合物がアルキルモノヒドロキシ化合物である、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項8に記載の方法によってジアルキルカーボネートを生成する工程;
エステル交換触媒の存在下で、前記ジアルキルカーボネートを芳香族モノヒドロキシ化合物と反応させて、アルキルアリールカーボネートを生成する工程;並びに、
不均化反応で前記アルキルアリールカーボネートを変換して、ジアリールカーボネートを生成する工程
を含む、ジアリールカーボネートを製造する方法。 - 請求項9に記載の方法によってジアリールカーボネートを生成する工程;及び
芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物を、前記ジアリールカーボネートと重合する工程
を含む、ポリカーボネートを製造する方法。
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| CN105408249A (zh) | 2013-07-26 | 2016-03-16 | 沙特基础全球技术有限公司 | 用于生产高纯光气的方法和装置 |
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| US4792620A (en) | 1983-10-14 | 1988-12-20 | Bp Chemicals Limited | Carbonylation catalysts |
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| JP6316446B2 (ja) | 2014-02-04 | 2018-04-25 | サビック グローバル テクノロジーズ ベスローテン フェンノートシャップ | カーボネートの製造方法 |
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| US9670131B2 (en) | 2017-06-06 |
| EP3024813A2 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
| WO2015119982A2 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
| KR20160119085A (ko) | 2016-10-12 |
| EP3024813B1 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
| JP2017507127A (ja) | 2017-03-16 |
| KR101859209B1 (ko) | 2018-06-27 |
| WO2015119982A3 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
| CN105960389A (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
| US20160347701A1 (en) | 2016-12-01 |
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