JP6368246B2 - 被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子の製造方法 - Google Patents
被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6368246B2 JP6368246B2 JP2014546952A JP2014546952A JP6368246B2 JP 6368246 B2 JP6368246 B2 JP 6368246B2 JP 2014546952 A JP2014546952 A JP 2014546952A JP 2014546952 A JP2014546952 A JP 2014546952A JP 6368246 B2 JP6368246 B2 JP 6368246B2
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- barium titanate
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Description
[1]温度200℃以上450℃以下、圧力2MPa以上50MPa以下、反応時間0.1分以上1時間以下で水熱反応することにより得られるチタン酸バリウム微粒子であって、平均粒子径10nm以上1000nm未満、Ba/Ti比0.80以上1.20以下、単位結晶のc軸とa軸との比c/a比が1.001以上1.010以下であり、Mg、Ca、Ba、Mnおよび希土類元素の群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属の化合物を含む被覆層を表面に有することを特徴とする被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子。
[2]被覆層が、Mg、Ca、Ba、Mnおよび希土類元素の群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属の化合物からなる[1]記載の被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子。
[3]被覆層が、Mg、Ca、Ba、Mnおよび希土類元素の群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属の酸化物、水酸化物、及び/又は炭酸塩からなる[2]記載の被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子。
[4]希土類元素が、Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Pm、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、及びLuの群から選択される少なくとも1種類であることを特徴とする[2]又は[3]記載の被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子。
[5]チタン酸バリウム微粒子と被覆層の総質量を基準として、0.01以上20.0質量%以下の被覆層を有する[1]記載の被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子。
[6](1)バリウム水酸化物を含む水溶液とチタン水酸化物を含む水溶液とを、バリウムとチタンのBa/Ti比が0.80以上1.20以下となる割合で混合し、温度200℃以上450℃以下、圧力2.0MPa以上50MPa以下、反応時間0.1分以上1時間以下で水熱反応させてチタン酸バリウム微粒子を得る工程、(2)当該チタン酸バリウム微粒子を水溶液中に均一に分散させる工程、(3)当該チタン酸バリウム微粒子の表面に金属化合物を被覆する工程、を含むことを特徴とする[1]記載の被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子の製造方法。
[7][6]記載の方法によって製造された被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子を500〜1000℃で熱処理することを特徴とする熱処理された被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子の製造方法。
始めに、バリウム及びチタン水酸化物含有水溶液を調製する。調製方法としては、下記の(イ)及び(ロ)の方法が挙げられる。
(イ)先ず、チタン塩水溶液を調製し、このチタン塩水溶液にアルカリ水溶液を添加して、中和反応によりチタン水酸化物を生成させてチタン水酸化物含有水溶液を得る。次に、チタン水酸化物含有水溶液にバリウム塩水溶液を添加してバリウム及びチタン水酸化物を含有する水溶液を得る。
(ロ)先ず、チタン塩水溶液を調製し、このチタン塩水溶液をアルカリ水溶液に添加して、中和反応によりチタン水酸化物を生成させてチタン水酸化物含有水溶液を得る。次に、チタン水酸化物含有水溶液にバリウム塩水溶液を添加してバリウム及びチタン水酸化物を含有する水溶液を得る。
i)で得られたチタン酸バリウム微粒子を金属化合物で被覆する。始めに、チタン酸バリウム微粒子を水中に均一に分散させる。均一にチタン酸バリウム微粒子を分散させるためには、pH調整を行い、超音波ホモジナイザ、遊星ボールミル、ヘンシェルミキサ、コロイドミル、湿式ジェットミル、湿式ビーズミル等の分散機により行うことが望ましい。得られたチタン酸バリウム微粒子スラリーにアルカリを添加して均一に混合した後、金属化合物の水溶液を添加して中和反応させ、チタン酸バリウム微粒子の粒子表面に金属化合物を均一に被覆させる。また、中和反応させる際には、チタン酸バリウム微粒子スラリーに金属化合物の水溶液を添加した後、アルカリを添加してもよく、金属化合物の水溶液及びアルカリを同時に添加してもよい。更に、金属化合物の水溶液及びアルカリを先に中和反応させてから、均一に分散したチタン酸バリウム微粒子スラリーに添加して均一に金属化合物を被覆させてもよく、逆に均一に分散したチタン酸バリウム微粒子スラリーを金属化合物とアルカリの水溶液に添加してもよい。また、チタン酸バリウム微粒子を粉末で添加する場合は、添加後に混合スラリーを均一に分散させる。また、アルカリは水溶液として添加してもよく、粉末、固体および結晶状のまま添加してもよい。
チタン塩水溶液としてチタン水酸化物含有水溶液、バリウム塩水溶液として硝酸バリウム水溶液、アルカリ水溶液として水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を用いて、Ti量が0.43mol、Ba量が0.43mol、アルカリ量が2.58mol[中和度=アルカリ量/(4×Ti量+2×Ba量)=1.0]となるように原料を準備した。次に原料タンク内で、室温、大気下にてチタン水酸化物含有水溶液に水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加後、硝酸バリウム水溶液を添加して、反応前駆体である無定形のバリウム及びチタン水酸化物を含有する水溶液を調製した。調製後の反応前駆体のpH値は13.2であった。調製した反応前駆体を連続式水熱反応装置により温度400℃、圧力25MPa、滞留時間0.4minにて水熱反応を行い、その後、ろ過、水洗、乾燥して50nmのチタン酸バリウム微粒子を得た。
前記チタン酸バリウム微粒子50nmの製造方法において、原料調製時のアルカリ量を5.16mol(中和度=2.0)に変更し、それ以外は同じ条件で100nmのチタン酸バリウム微粒子を調製した。得られた100nmのチタン酸バリウム微粒子は、X線回折、平均粒子径、粒度分布を同様に評価した。また、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)写真(10万倍)を図2に示す。
[チタン酸バリウム微粒子の被覆]
まず、前記チタン酸バリウム微粒子0.150molを純水550mlに超音波ホモジナイザにより単分散液とした。なお、実施例63及び比較例4では100nm、比較例5では市販品(蓚酸塩法、粒子径500nm)、それ以外は50nmのチタン酸バリウム微粒子を使用した。
チタン酸バリウム微粒子の市販品(蓚酸塩法、粒子径500nm)を用いて、実施例1〜63と同様の方法により表面にNd、Gd、Laを被覆し、同様にグレイン成長抑制効果の評価を行った。その被覆条件及び結果を表1〜3に示す。また、比較例6のTEM写真(6万倍)を図8に示す。
本発明の方法により調製したチタン酸バリウム微粒子(50nm)とNd2O3粉末又はHo2O3とを遊星ボールミル(100rpm、3h)を用いて水中で湿式混合し、Nd又はHoの被覆を行った。被覆後に150℃乾燥、解砕して目的の被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子を得た。得られた被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子は、実施例1〜67及び比較例1〜8と同様の方法によりグレイン成長抑制の評価をした。その被覆条件及び結果を表1〜3に示す。また、比較例9のTEM写真(6万倍)を図9に示す。
(1) X線回折(XRD)
ブルカーAXS社製X線回折装置(D8 ADVANCE/V)にて測定し、定性分析、又はリートベルト解析による定量分析(正方晶BaTiO3、立方晶BaTiO3、BaCO3等)、格子定数(正方晶チタン酸バリウムのc/a比)、結晶子径を求めた。
(2) バリウムとチタンのBa/Ti比
ブルカーAXS社製蛍光X線分析装置(S8 Tiger)にて測定した。日本電子材料工業会標準規格EMAS-4202のガラスビード法によりBa/Ti比を算出した。
(3) 比表面積(SSA)
マウンテック社製全自動BET比表面積測定装置(Macsorb HM Model-1210)にて測定した。
(4) 平均粒子径の測定、粒子形状及び均一性評価
日立ハイテク製透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いて、200個以上の粒子を計測し、その平均値を求めた。粒子形状はTEM像の観察より評価し、均一性は平均粒子径の測定値の相対標準偏差より評価した。
(5) 粒度分布
粒子5〜10mgを0.2重量%のヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム水溶液30mlに添加し、超音波ホモジナイザにより分散させた(600Wにて30秒間)。その分散液を堀場製作所製動的光散乱法粒度分布測定装置(LB-550)にて測定し、体積基準のメジアン径とその変動係数を求めた。
(6) 蛍光X線分析(XRF)
ブルカーAXS社製蛍光X線分析装置(S8 Tiger)にて元素分析を行った。化合物中の水素、炭素、酸素については金属含有量から理論計算して算出した。また、Ba被覆に関しては被覆処理なしのチタン酸バリウム微粒子との差から算出した。被覆チタン酸バリウムについては、金属化合物種にて算出し、焼成後では金属酸化物にて算出した。
(7) 熱重量分析
リガク製示差熱天秤TG-DTA(TG-8210)を用いて室温から1200℃の温度範囲を測定した。金属化合物が非晶質状態の場合では、被覆処理なしのチタン酸バリウム微粒子の熱重量減少量との差と焼成前後の蛍光X線分析値から、金属化合物種を確認した。
Claims (7)
- 平均粒子径10nm以上1000nm未満、Ba/Ti比0.80以上1.20以下、単位結晶のc軸とa軸との比c/a比が1.001以上1.010以下であり、Mg、Ca、Ba、Mnおよび希土類元素の群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属の炭酸塩を含む被覆層を表面に有し、前記炭酸塩の被覆量が被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子の全質量を基準として0.01〜20.0質量%であることを特徴とする被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子の製造方法であって、
(1)温度200℃以上450℃以下、圧力2MPa以上50MPa以下、反応時間0.1分以上1時間以下で水熱反応することによりチタン酸バリウム微粒子を得る工程、及び
(2)当該チタン酸バリウム微粒子の表面に、Mg、Ca、Ba、Mn、及び希土類元素の硫酸塩、硝酸塩及び塩化物の群から選択される金属の化合物の水溶液と、Na 2 CO 3 、K 2 CO 3 、NaHCO 3 、KHCO 3 及び(NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 の群から選択されるアルカリとを100℃以下で中和反応させて、前記Mg、Ca、Ba、Mn、及び希土類元素の少なくとも1種類の金属の炭酸塩を含む被覆層を形成する工程、
を含む、方法。 - 前記工程(2)が、当該チタン酸バリウム微粒子を水中に均一に分散させてスラリーを得、当該スラリーと、アルカリと、Mg、Ca、Ba、Mnおよび希土類元素の群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属の化合物の水溶液とを混合することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(2)が、
(a)前記スラリーに、アルカリを加えた後、前記金属の化合物の水溶液を加える、
(b)前記スラリーに、前記金属の化合物の水溶液を加えた後、アルカリを加える、
(c)前記スラリーに、アルカリ及び前記金属の化合物の水溶液を同時に加える、
(d)アルカリ及び前記金属の化合物の水溶液を中和反応させて、中和反応後の水溶液を前記スラリーに加える、又は
(e)アルカリ及び前記金属の化合物の水溶液を中和反応させて、中和反応後の水溶液に前記スラリーを加える、
ことのいずれかを含む、請求項2に記載の方法。 - 希土類元素が、Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Pm、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、
及びLuの群から選択される少なくとも1種類であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記工程(2)におけるアルカリの濃度が0.01〜20.0mol/Lであり、アルカリの添加量が中和度を0.8以上として中和反応させる、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法により得られる金属の炭酸塩を含む被覆層を表面に有する被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子を500〜1000℃で熱処理する工程を含む、Mg、Ca、Ba、Mn、及び希土類元素の少なくとも1種類の金属の酸化物を含む被覆層を表面に有する被覆チタン酸バリウム微粒子の製造方法。
- 工程(1)が、バリウム水酸化物を含む水溶液とチタン水酸化物を含む水溶液とを、バリウムとチタンのBa/Ti比が0.80以上1.20以下となる割合で混合し、温度200℃以上450℃以下、圧力2.0MPa以上50MPa以下、反応時間0.1分以上1時間以下で水熱反応させてチタン酸バリウム微粒子を得る工程を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
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| JP5985134B2 (ja) | 2009-01-23 | 2016-09-06 | 関東電化工業株式会社 | 無機微粒子の製造方法及びその製造装置 |
| JP2011178643A (ja) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-09-15 | Yamagata Univ | 表面改質セラミック粉末の製造方法 |
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2013
- 2013-11-07 CN CN201380059415.XA patent/CN104797531B/zh active Active
- 2013-11-07 US US14/441,888 patent/US9478356B2/en active Active
- 2013-11-07 KR KR1020157014308A patent/KR102020702B1/ko active Active
- 2013-11-07 WO PCT/JP2013/080078 patent/WO2014077176A2/ja not_active Ceased
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104797531B (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
| JPWO2014077176A1 (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
| KR20150084021A (ko) | 2015-07-21 |
| CN104797531A (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
| US20150270067A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
| US9478356B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 |
| KR102020702B1 (ko) | 2019-09-10 |
| WO2014077176A2 (ja) | 2014-05-22 |
| WO2014077176A3 (ja) | 2014-07-10 |
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