JP6879919B2 - 固体撮像素子、電子機器、及び、固体撮像素子の製造方法 - Google Patents
固体撮像素子、電子機器、及び、固体撮像素子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
1.本技術が適用される固体撮像素子
2.第1の実施の形態
3.第2の実施の形態(絶縁膜を設けた例)
4.第3の実施の形態(固定電荷が異なる固定電荷膜を設けた例)
5.変形例
6.固体撮像素子の使用例
{基本的なシステム構成}
図1は、本技術が適用される固体撮像素子、例えばX−Yアドレス方式固体撮像素子の一種であるCMOSイメージセンサの構成の概略を示すシステム構成図である。ここで、CMOSイメージセンサとは、CMOSプロセスを応用して、または、部分的に使用して作成されたイメージセンサである。
次に、図2乃至図4を参照して、図1のCMOSイメージセンサ10の第1の実施の形態であるCMOSイメージセンサ10Aについて説明する。
図2は、CMOSイメージセンサ10Aの構成例を模式的に示す断面図である。なお、この図には、2つの画素を含む部分の断面が示されているが、他の画素についても基本的に同じ構成を有している。
次に、図6を参照して、図1のCMOSイメージセンサ10の第2の実施の形態であるCMOSイメージセンサ10Bについて説明する。
図6は、CMOSイメージセンサ10Bの構成例を模式的に示す断面図である。なお、図中、図2と対応する部分には同じ符号を付してある。
次に、図7乃至図9を参照して、図1のCMOSイメージセンサ10の第3の実施の形態であるCMOSイメージセンサ10Cについて説明する。
図7は、CMOSイメージセンサ10Cの構成例を模式的に示す断面図である。なお、図中、図2と対応する部分には同じ符号を付してある。
次に、図8及び図9を参照して、CMOSイメージセンサ10Cの固定電荷膜114a及び114bの製造方法について説明する。
以下、上述した本技術の実施の形態の変形例について説明する。
まず、図10乃至図13を参照して、アバランシェフォトダイオードを構成するn+領域102、p+領域103、及び、アバランシェ領域104の平面パターンの変形例について説明する。
上記の実施の形態では、本技術を単位画素が行列状に配置されたCMOSイメージセンサに適用した場合を例に挙げて説明したが、本技術はCMOSイメージセンサへの適用に限られるものではない。すなわち、本技術は、半導体基板の厚さ方向に延びる構造のアバランシェフォトダイオードを備える固体撮像素子全般に適用することが可能である。
図14は、上述の固体撮像素子の使用例を示す図である。
・自動停止等の安全運転や、運転者の状態の認識等のために、自動車の前方や後方、周囲、車内等を撮影する車載用センサ、走行車両や道路を監視する監視カメラ、車両間等の測距を行う測距センサ等の、交通の用に供される装置
・ユーザのジェスチャを撮影して、そのジェスチャに従った機器操作を行うために、TVや、冷蔵庫、エアーコンディショナ等の家電に供される装置
・内視鏡や、赤外光の受光による血管撮影を行う装置等の、医療やヘルスケアの用に供される装置
・防犯用途の監視カメラや、人物認証用途のカメラ等の、セキュリティの用に供される装置
・肌を撮影する肌測定器や、頭皮を撮影するマイクロスコープ等の、美容の用に供される装置
・スポーツ用途等向けのアクションカメラやウェアラブルカメラ等の、スポーツの用に供される装置
・畑や作物の状態を監視するためのカメラ等の、農業の用に供される装置
図15は、本技術を適用した電子機器の一例である撮像装置(カメラ装置)の構成例を示すブロック図である。
それぞれ半導体基板の厚さ方向に延びる、第1の導電型の第1の領域、前記第1の導電型と異なる第2の導電型の第2の領域、及び、前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域に挟まれたアバランシェ領域を有するアバランシェフォトダイオードと、
前記半導体基板の少なくとも一方の面に形成され、金属酸化膜、金属窒化膜、又は、金属酸化膜と金属窒化膜の混晶系の膜からなる膜と
を備える固体撮像素子。
(2)
前記膜と前記半導体基板との間に形成されている絶縁膜を
さらに備える前記(1)に記載の固体撮像素子。
(3)
前記膜は、アルミニウム、タンタル、ジルコニウム、ハフニウム、イットリウム、又は、ランタノイドの酸化膜若しくは窒化膜、又は、アルミニウム、タンタル、ジルコニウム、ハフニウム、イットリウム、又は、ランタノイドの酸化物と窒化物の混晶系の膜からなる
前記(1)又は(2)に記載の固体撮像素子。
(4)
前記膜は固定電荷を有する
前記(1)乃至(3)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
(5)
前記膜は、前記第1の領域の近傍と前記第2の領域の近傍とで固定電荷が異なる
前記(4)に記載の固体撮像素子。
(6)
前記膜は、前記第1の領域が矩形の筒状である場合、前記第1の領域の角周辺を少なくとも覆うように形成される
前記(1)乃至(5)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
(7)
前記第1の領域が筒状であり、
前記半導体基板の一方の面側において、前記第1の領域の上面又は底面に沿って形成され、1つ以上の不連続部を有する電極をさらに備え、
前記膜は、前記半導体基板と前記電極との間において、少なくとも前記電極の不連続部周辺を覆うように形成される
前記(1)乃至(6)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
(8)
1画素内に、前記アバランシェフォトダイオードの構造が2以上繰り返し形成されている
前記(1)乃至(7)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
(9)
それぞれ半導体基板の厚さ方向に延びる、第1の導電型の第1の領域、前記第1の導電型と異なる第2の導電型の第2の領域、及び、前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域に挟まれたアバランシェ領域を有するアバランシェフォトダイオードが形成される前記半導体基板の少なくとも一方の面に、金属酸化膜、金属窒化膜、又は、金属酸化膜と金属窒化膜の混晶系の膜からなる膜を形成する工程を
含む固体撮像素子の製造方法。
(10)
固体撮像素子と、
前記固体撮像素子から出力される信号を処理する信号処理部と
を備え、
前記固体撮像素子は、
それぞれ半導体基板の厚さ方向に延びる、第1の導電型の第1の領域、前記第1の導電型と異なる第2の導電型の第2の領域、及び、前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域に挟まれたアバランシェ領域を有するアバランシェフォトダイオードと、
前記半導体基板の少なくとも一方の面に形成され、金属酸化膜、金属窒化膜、又は、金属酸化膜と金属窒化膜の混晶系の膜からなる膜と
を備える電子機器。
Claims (10)
- それぞれ半導体基板の厚さ方向に延びる、第1の導電型の第1の領域、前記第1の導電型と異なる第2の導電型の第2の領域、及び、前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域に挟まれたアバランシェ領域を有するアバランシェフォトダイオードと、
前記半導体基板の両面に形成され、金属酸化膜、金属窒化膜、又は、金属酸化膜と金属窒化膜の混晶系の膜からなる膜と
を備える固体撮像素子。 - 前記膜と前記半導体基板との間に形成されている絶縁膜を
さらに備える請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記膜は、アルミニウム、タンタル、ジルコニウム、ハフニウム、イットリウム、又は、ランタノイドの酸化膜若しくは窒化膜、又は、アルミニウム、タンタル、ジルコニウム、ハフニウム、イットリウム、又は、ランタノイドの酸化物と窒化物の混晶系の膜からなる
請求項1又は2に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記膜は固定電荷を有する
請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記膜は、前記第1の領域の近傍と前記第2の領域の近傍とで固定電荷が異なる
請求項4に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記膜は、前記第1の領域が矩形の筒状である場合、前記第1の領域の角周辺を少なくとも覆うように形成される
請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記第1の領域が筒状であり、
前記半導体基板の一方の面側において、前記第1の領域の上面又は底面に沿って形成され、1つ以上の不連続部を有する電極をさらに備え、
前記膜は、前記半導体基板と前記電極との間において、少なくとも前記電極の不連続部周辺を覆うように形成される
請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。 - 1画素内に、前記アバランシェフォトダイオードの構造が2以上繰り返し形成されている
請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。 - それぞれ半導体基板の厚さ方向に延びる、第1の導電型の第1の領域、前記第1の導電型と異なる第2の導電型の第2の領域、及び、前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域に挟まれたアバランシェ領域を有するアバランシェフォトダイオードが形成される前記半導体基板の両面に、金属酸化膜、金属窒化膜、又は、金属酸化膜と金属窒化膜の混晶系の膜からなる膜を形成する工程を
含む固体撮像素子の製造方法。 - 固体撮像素子と、
前記固体撮像素子から出力される信号を処理する信号処理部と
を備え、
前記固体撮像素子は、
それぞれ半導体基板の厚さ方向に延びる、第1の導電型の第1の領域、前記第1の導電型と異なる第2の導電型の第2の領域、及び、前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域に挟まれたアバランシェ領域を有するアバランシェフォトダイオードと、
前記半導体基板の両面に形成され、金属酸化膜、金属窒化膜、又は、金属酸化膜と金属窒化膜の混晶系の膜からなる膜と
を備える電子機器。
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| EP3352219A4 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
| JPWO2017047422A1 (ja) | 2018-07-05 |
| CN107924929A (zh) | 2018-04-17 |
| DE112016004224T5 (de) | 2018-06-14 |
| EP3352219A1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
| US20180182789A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
| US10475831B2 (en) | 2019-11-12 |
| WO2017047422A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
| CN107924929B (zh) | 2022-10-18 |
| EP3352219B1 (en) | 2020-11-25 |
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