JP7204236B2 - 金属積層造形装置及び金属積層造形方法 - Google Patents
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- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
- B23K26/0622—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/042—Built-up welding on planar surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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Description
以下、本発明の実施形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。図1(A)は本発明の第1実施形態に係る金属積層造形装置10のブロック図である。図1(B)は造形工程における金属積層造形物の縦断面図である。図1(C)はその上面図である。
I=P/S=E/τS (1) (P=E/τ,S=πφ2/4)
第2実施形態に係る金属積層造形装置10では、レーザ照射部15が照射するパルスレーザ17は、照射位置におけるパワー密度が1012 W/cm2以上である。このように第2実施形態では、第1実施形態よりもパワー密度が高く設定されたパルスレーザ17が照射されることにより弾性衝撃波に加えて塑性衝撃波が発生するようになる。
(A)凝固部21aに少なくとも弾性衝撃波を誘起させる短パルスレーザの仕様
パルス幅:100[ns]以下
パワー密度:1×107[W/cm2]以上
(B)凝固部21aに弾性衝撃波及び塑性衝撃波を誘起させる短パルスレーザの仕様
パルス幅:100[ps]以下
パワー密度:1×1012[W/cm2]以上
第3実施形態に係る金属積層造形装置10では、パルスレーザ17は、エネルギービーム16と所定の間隔Lを保ちながら走査される。このとき、凝固部21aと溶融部21bとの固液界面22の温度は、造形素材21の融点Tmである。パルスレーザ17が照射される上流端と固液界面22との距離は、L-dと表される。ここで、dはエネルギービーム16の熱源中心と固液界面22との間の距離であり、予め実測される。走査速度vは、パルスレーザ17が未照射の状態で凝固部21aが最良状態となるように決定される。走査速度vに対する凝固部21aの冷却速度g(v)は予め実測される。
T=Tm-g(v)・(L-d)/v (2)
式(2)において、Tm,d,g(v),vは既知であるため、Lを変化させることによって、パルスレーザ17が照射される上流端のTを決定することができる。また、式(2)より、エネルギービーム16を走査させる限りにおいて、パルスレーザ17が照射される凝固部21aは、降温過程にあるといえる。
図4(A)は本発明の第4実施形態に係る金属積層造形装置の構成図であり、図4(B)はその動作説明図である。なお、図4において図1と共通の構成又は機能を有する部分は、同一符号で示し、重複する説明を省略する。なお第4実施形態においてエネルギービーム16は、レーザビーム及び電子ビームのいずれも採用することができる。
Claims (11)
- 造形素材を供給する素材供給部と、
エネルギービームを出力し前記造形素材を溶融させる熱源と、
少なくとも前記エネルギービームを走査させる移動駆動部と、
前記溶融してから凝固後の自然冷却の条件下による降温過程における温度Tが0.4Tm≦T<Tm(融点)の範囲にある前記造形素材の凝固部に対し、透明媒質を介さずにパワー密度が107 W/cm2以上のパルスレーザを照射し金属組織を微細化させるレーザ照射部と、を備えることを特徴とする金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記エネルギービームの出力先に前記造形素材が供給される金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記素材供給部は、
下降する第1ステージに前記造形素材としての粉体を敷き詰めて前記エネルギービーム及び前記パルスレーザを入力する第1容体と、
上昇する第2ステージと共に前記粉体を保持させる第2容体と、
前記第2容体の上部にせり出した前記粉体を前記第1容体の前記第1ステージ上に移行させる移行手段と、を有する金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記エネルギービームの出力と同時に前記パルスレーザの照射が行われる金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記パルスレーザは、照射位置におけるパワー密度が1012 W/cm2以上である金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記パルスレーザは、前記エネルギービームと所定の間隔を保ちながら走査される金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記造形素材は粉体として供給され、
前記エネルギービームは、レーザビーム又は電子ビームである金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項2に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記造形素材は、ワイヤーとして供給され、
前記エネルギービームは、レーザビーム、アーク放電又は電子ビームである金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1から請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
既に形成された前記造形素材の凝固部に対し、さらに前記造形素材の凝固部を形成する
金属積層造形装置。 - 造形素材を供給するステップと、
エネルギービームを走査させながら出力し前記造形素材を溶融させるステップと、
前記溶融してから凝固後の自然冷却の条件下による降温過程における温度Tが0.4Tm≦T<Tm(融点)の範囲にある前記造形素材の凝固部に対し、透明媒質を介さずにパワー密度が107 W/cm2以上のパルスレーザを照射し金属組織を微細化させるステップと、を含むことを特徴とする金属積層造形方法。 - 請求項10に記載の金属積層造形方法において、
前記エネルギービームの出力先に前記造形素材が供給される金属積層造形方法。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018163720 | 2018-08-31 | ||
| JP2018163720 | 2018-08-31 | ||
| PCT/JP2019/033422 WO2020045383A1 (ja) | 2018-08-31 | 2019-08-27 | 金属積層造形装置及び金属積層造形方法 |
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| JPWO2020045383A1 JPWO2020045383A1 (ja) | 2021-09-24 |
| JP7204236B2 true JP7204236B2 (ja) | 2023-01-16 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20210197278A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3845333B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7204236B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2020045383A1 (ja) |
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| UA122437C2 (uk) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-11-10 | Приватне Акціонерне Товариство "Нво "Червона Хвиля" | Пристрій для виготовлення тривимірних об'єктів |
| US11491718B2 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2022-11-08 | Nutech Ventures | Hybrid additive manufacturing method |
| DE102020106823A1 (de) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-09-16 | HPL Technologies GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellung und ggf. Nachbearbeiten von Schichten aufgetragen durch Laserauftragschweißen |
| JP7555241B2 (ja) * | 2020-11-13 | 2024-09-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 付加製造装置および三次元造形物の製造方法 |
| CN113500296A (zh) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-15 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司紧水滩水力发电厂 | 一种脉冲激光与脉冲电弧共同作用的增材再制造方法 |
| EP4466384A1 (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2024-11-27 | Hyperion Materials & Technologies Inc. | Cemented carbide compositions |
| CN114574854B (zh) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-12-02 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种脉冲激光原位冲击辅助激光熔覆装置及使用方法 |
| CN119516890B (zh) * | 2024-11-20 | 2025-09-23 | 清华大学 | 锻造过程内部形变物理模拟方法 |
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| WO2017140994A1 (fr) | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-24 | Safran | Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une pièce par dépôts successifs de couches |
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| JPS6479320A (en) * | 1987-09-19 | 1989-03-24 | Nippon Steel Corp | Improvement of material quality of metal for welding austenitic stainless steel |
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| DE102010008960A1 (de) * | 2010-02-23 | 2011-08-25 | EOS GmbH Electro Optical Systems, 82152 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts, das sich insbesondere für den Einsatz in der Mikrotechnik eignet |
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| CN107186214B (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-06-26 | 江苏大学 | 一种激光热力逐层交互增材制造的方法和组合装置 |
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- 2019-08-27 JP JP2020539464A patent/JP7204236B2/ja active Active
- 2019-08-27 WO PCT/JP2019/033422 patent/WO2020045383A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2019-08-27 EP EP19853563.5A patent/EP3845333B1/en active Active
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- 2021-02-22 US US17/181,211 patent/US20210197278A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150041025A1 (en) | 2012-03-19 | 2015-02-12 | Bae Systems Plc | Additive layer manufacturing |
| JP2012153977A (ja) | 2012-03-21 | 2012-08-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | レーザピーニング処理方法 |
| WO2016027808A1 (ja) | 2014-08-18 | 2016-02-25 | アート金属工業株式会社 | 内燃機関用ピストン及びその製造方法 |
| WO2017140994A1 (fr) | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-24 | Safran | Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une pièce par dépôts successifs de couches |
| US20170252860A1 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2017-09-07 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Micro-forging by a generative manufacturing process |
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| US20210197278A1 (en) | 2021-07-01 |
| EP3845333B1 (en) | 2023-05-31 |
| EP3845333A4 (en) | 2022-05-25 |
| WO2020045383A1 (ja) | 2020-03-05 |
| JPWO2020045383A1 (ja) | 2021-09-24 |
| EP3845333A1 (en) | 2021-07-07 |
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