JP7561543B2 - Bearing wall structure and its use - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a bearing wall structure in a wooden frame construction method and its use.

As one method of manufacturing wooden buildings, the wooden frame construction method is generally known, in which columns and cross members are assembled into a square frame shape and a structure supported by a frame is constructed. In the wooden frame construction method, for example, in order to improve earthquake resistance, a method is known in which a load-bearing wall structure is constructed by fixing a load-bearing wall panel including a load-bearing surface material to a structural axis member. As load-bearing wall panels, the large wall type and the solid wall type load-bearing wall panels are known as prior art. In the case of the large wall type load-bearing wall panel, the load-bearing surface material is attached to a vertical frame member located approximately in the center, and in the case of the solid wall type load-bearing wall panel, the load-bearing surface material is attached to a frame body consisting of a vertical frame member located approximately in the center, vertical frame members on the left and right, and horizontal frame members on the top and bottom.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes a construction method for a load-bearing wall panel in which the load-bearing wall panel is fixed to a pillar using a drift pin. In this method, through holes for inserting driving pins are provided on the side of the rectangular frame of the load-bearing wall panel, and holes for inserting driving pins are drilled in the side of the pillar. Then, drift pins are driven from the through holes of the load-bearing wall panel to the hole side of the pillar, and the load-bearing wall panel is fixed to the pillar.

JP 2002-88949 A

However, with the technology of Patent Document 1 mentioned above, if the drift pins are driven in too hard, they may sink into the load-bearing wall panel, reducing the strength of the load-bearing wall panel.

One aspect of the present invention aims to provide a bearing wall structure and its use that can prevent the metal fittings from sinking into the bearing wall panel when fixing it to a structural member.

In order to solve the above problems, a bearing wall structure according to one aspect of the present invention is a bearing wall structure for wooden frame construction, comprising a structural axis member, a bearing wall panel, and a metal fitting for joining and fixing the structural axis member to the bearing wall panel, the metal fitting being a columnar structure having a tip portion, a body portion having a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion having a larger diameter than the body portion, and a head portion, in that order, the bearing wall panel having a through hole through which the metal fitting is inserted, the structural axis member having a hole portion through which the metal fitting is fixed, and the through hole having a larger diameter than the hole portion.

In order to solve the above problems, another aspect of the present invention provides a joint for a load-bearing wall panel that joins and fixes a structural member to a load-bearing wall panel, and is characterized in that it has a columnar structure with a tip, a body, a neck, and a head arranged in this order, the tip is tapered, the body has a pull-out prevention structure with multiple projections and recesses, the neck has a larger diameter than the body, the head is larger in diameter than the neck and has a flat shape, the tip, body, and neck are structured to be inserted into a through hole provided in the load-bearing wall panel, and the head has a larger diameter than the through hole.

In order to solve the above problems, a further aspect of the present invention is a load-bearing wall panel that is connected and fixed to a structural shaft by a metal fitting that is a columnar structure having a tip, a body with a pull-out prevention structure, a neck that is larger in diameter than the body, and a head, in that order, and has a through hole through which the metal fitting is inserted, the through hole being larger in diameter than the hole provided in the structural shaft through which the metal fitting is fixed.

In order to solve the above problems, a further aspect of the present invention is a manufacturing method for a load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame construction method, in which a structural axis member and a load-bearing wall panel are joined and fixed by a joint metal fitting, the joint metal fitting is a columnar structure having a tip portion, a body portion having a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion having a larger diameter than the body portion, and a head portion arranged in this order, the load-bearing wall panel has a through hole into which the joint metal fitting is inserted, the structural axis member has a hole portion into which the joint metal fitting is fixed, the through hole is larger in diameter than the hole portion, and the manufacturing method for a load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame construction method is characterized in that it includes a step of joining and fixing the structural axis member and the load-bearing wall panel by inserting the joint metal fitting into the through hole and the hole portion.

According to these aspects of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the metal fittings from sinking into the bearing wall panel when fixing it to the structural axis, improving the construction accuracy at the construction site and thus stabilizing the performance expression of the bearing wall panel. As a result, it is possible to achieve the desired seismic performance, etc.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the schematic configuration of a load-bearing wall structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which the left side shows the configuration of a large-wall type load-bearing wall panel and the right side shows the configuration of a structural axis member. FIG. 20 is an XZ cross-sectional view showing a schematic diagram of a load-bearing wall panel being attached to a structural axis member, where 201 shows the state before the load-bearing wall panel is attached to the column member of the structural axis member, and 202 shows the state after the load-bearing wall panel has been attached to the structural axis member. This figure shows the configuration of the through holes and holes in the load-bearing surface material, as well as the drift pins, where 301 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the load-bearing surface material and the column material are joined and fixed by the drift pin, and 302 is a side view showing the general configuration of the drift pin. 401 to 403 are diagrams showing examples of the structure of frame materials provided on a load-bearing wall panel. Reference numerals 501 to 505 are side views each showing a schematic configuration example of the body of a drift pin. FIG. 6 is an XZ cross-sectional view showing a schematic diagram of assembling a load-bearing wall structure according to embodiment 2 of the present invention, in which 601 shows the state before a solid wall type load-bearing wall panel is attached to a pillar material, and 602 shows the state after the load-bearing wall panel has been attached to the pillar material. FIG. 7 is an XZ cross-sectional view showing a schematic diagram of assembling a load-bearing wall structure according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, in which 701 shows the state before a solid wall type load-bearing wall panel is attached to a pillar material, and 702 shows the state after the load-bearing wall panel has been attached to the pillar material.

[Outline of one embodiment of the present invention]
As described above, the technology of Patent Document 1 has a problem that when a drift pin, for example, is driven as a fastening metal fitting, the drift pin is embedded in the load-bearing wall panel. Patent Document 1 only describes forming a return for the through hole into which the drift pin is inserted when the drift pin is driven in, to make it difficult for the drift pin to come out. In particular, there is no description of how to define the shape and dimensions of the drift pin relative to the dimensions of the through hole. The inventor has conducted extensive research to solve this problem and found that the following (1) and (2) can prevent the fastening metal fitting from embedding in the load-bearing wall panel. (1) The fastening metal fitting that fastens the structural axis member and the load-bearing wall panel is given a specific shape. (2) The through hole into which the fastening metal fitting in the load-bearing wall panel is inserted is designed to match the specific shape of the fastening metal fitting, and a hole portion into which the fastening metal fitting inserted in the through hole is fixed is provided in the structural axis member.

That is, the load-bearing wall structure according to this embodiment is a load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame construction method, and includes a structural axis member, a load-bearing wall panel, and a metal joint that joins and fixes the structural axis member to the load-bearing wall panel. The metal joint is a columnar structure having a tip portion, a body portion with a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion that is larger in diameter than the body portion, and a head portion that is larger in diameter than the neck portion and has a flat shape, arranged in this order. The load-bearing wall panel has a through hole into which the metal joint is inserted, and the through hole has a portion into which the neck portion of the metal joint is fitted, and the structural axis member has a hole portion into which the tip portion and the body portion of the metal joint are fitted and fixed, and the through hole is larger in diameter than the hole portion. Furthermore, the head portion of the metal joint is larger in diameter than the through hole.

According to the above configuration, the joint fitting is inserted into the through hole and driven into the through hole, thereby connecting and fixing the load-bearing wall panel to the structural shaft member. At this time, according to the above configuration, (i) the joint fitting has a columnar structure in which a tip portion, a body portion having a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion having a larger diameter than the body portion, and a head portion having a larger diameter than the neck portion and a flat plate shape are arranged in this order, (ii) the through hole has a portion into which the neck portion of the joint fitting is inserted, the structural shaft member has a hole portion into which the tip portion and the body portion of the joint fitting are inserted and fixed, and the through hole has a larger diameter than the hole portion. With these configurations (i) and (ii), even if the joint fitting is inserted into the through hole and driven into the through hole, the neck portion of the joint fitting comes into contact with a hole portion provided in the structural shaft member that is smaller in diameter than the through hole, so that the joint fitting is engaged. As a result, according to the above configuration, it is possible to prevent the joint fitting from being embedded into the load-bearing wall panel. In addition, the above configuration does not depend on the skill of the installer, and precise control of the driving strength of the metal fittings is not required when using common tools such as hammers for construction. This improves productivity and allows the product to stably demonstrate the designed seismic performance (ability to resist horizontal loads such as earthquakes and wind).

Furthermore, the metal joint is composed of a body with a slip-out prevention structure, a neck with a larger diameter than the body, and a head with a larger diameter than the neck and a flat shape. This improves the joint strength between the load-bearing wall panel and the structural shaft per joint, reducing the amount of other metal joints such as nails that are used.

(Wooden frame construction method)
The wooden frame construction method is one of the wooden structural construction methods used in the architectural structure of wooden buildings, in which columns and cross members are assembled into a square frame shape and supported by a frame (load-bearing surface members, structural axis members).

(Shear wall structure)
The bearing wall structure according to one embodiment of the present invention is a bearing wall structure in a wooden frame construction method. The bearing wall structure includes a structural axis member and a bearing wall panel, and the bearing wall panel is fixed to the structural axis member by a metal joint.

(Structural shaft material)
The structural shaft member is composed of pillars and cross members. The pillars are members that are erected vertically to the ground. The cross members are members such as foundations, beams, girders, and cross members that are installed horizontally to the ground.

Basically, the structural shaft is made by fixing pillars to the foundation in a vertical direction. Then, cross members are hung horizontally on two or more fixed pillars and fixed in place. This forms the structural shaft into a rectangular shape.

The method of assembling the structural shaft members can be any conventional method, and is not particularly limited as long as the assembled structural shaft members satisfy the required strength. The method of assembling the structural shaft members can be, for example, a method in which each member is processed to have a joint to fasten the members together, or a method in which metal fittings are used to fasten the members together.

In one embodiment of the present invention, for example, a metal fitting is inserted into a through hole pre-drilled in the strength face material of the load-bearing wall panel, and the load-bearing wall panel is fixed to the structural shaft member. Therefore, in order to fix the metal fitting that has passed through the through hole, a hole that communicates with the through hole is pre-drilled in the surface of the structural member that faces the load-bearing wall panel.

(Shear wall panel)
A load-bearing wall panel is a reinforcing member that is attached to a wooden frame building to increase the strength of the building's walls and improve the seismic performance and other performance of the wooden building (ability to resist horizontal loads such as earthquakes and wind). Load-bearing wall panels may be of the large wall type or the solid wall type. Load-bearing wall panels are attached to the structural axis members after the building is completed. By fixing the load-bearing wall panel to the structural axis members, a load-bearing wall structure with a specified strength can be manufactured (constructed) without using braces.

The load-bearing wall panel comprises a load-bearing surface material and a frame material. The frame material is mounted on the load-bearing surface material.

A bearing surface material is a component that improves the earthquake resistance and other performance of a wooden building, and is made of, for example, structural plywood, but there are no particular restrictions on the material.

The load-bearing wall panel may be provided with a heat insulating material and/or a sound absorbing material (hereinafter referred to as "heat insulating/sound absorbing material") to enhance the heat insulating effect and/or sound absorbing effect. Preferably, the heat insulating/sound absorbing material is disposed on the surface of the load-bearing face material facing the frame material. The heat insulating/sound absorbing material may be any material having a heat insulating effect and/or a sound absorbing effect, and examples of the material include expanded polystyrene and urethane, but are not particularly limited.

The load-bearing wall panels are manufactured at a wall panel factory that produces the load-bearing wall panels themselves, and then delivered to the building or construction site.

The insulation and sound absorbing material can be attached to the load-bearing wall panels at the construction site, but it can also be done before the load-bearing wall panels are fixed to the structural axis and the load-bearing wall structure is manufactured (constructed). More specifically, the insulation and sound absorbing material can be attached to the load-bearing wall panels in advance at the wall panel factory mentioned above. This can greatly reduce the number of man-hours at the construction site and significantly improve productivity.

In addition, the heat insulating and sound absorbing material can be attached to the inner and/or outer surfaces of the load-bearing face material in the load-bearing wall panel. Here, the "inner surface" of the load-bearing face material refers to the surface that comes into contact with the frame material or frame body, and the "outer surface" refers to the surface facing away from the inner surface. Preferably, the heat insulating and sound absorbing material is attached to the inner surface of the load-bearing face material. In this case, it is more preferable to attach it so that it is flush with the frame body of the load-bearing wall panel or the structural axis material of the load-bearing wall structure.

The number of the through holes and the hole portions is not particularly limited as long as it is possible to fix the load-bearing wall panel to the structural axis so as to obtain a load-bearing wall structure having a predetermined strength, but it is preferable that the number is two or more. In other words, it is more preferable that the load-bearing wall structure has two or more of the connecting metal fittings, and even more preferable that the load-bearing wall structure has four or more. The more connecting metal fittings there are, the more the force acting on the load-bearing wall structure is distributed to each connecting metal fitting, which is preferable. In addition, when two or more connecting metal fittings are used, it is preferable to install them so that the force acting on the fixing points is easily distributed evenly.

(Connecting metal fittings)
The metal joint is a member for fastening the structural shaft member and the load-bearing wall panel. The metal joint is inserted into both the through hole provided in the load-bearing wall panel and the hole provided in the structural shaft member, thereby aligning the through hole with the hole.

The connecting metal fitting is not particularly limited as long as it has a columnar structure in which a tip portion, a body portion having a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion having a larger diameter than the body portion, and a head portion are arranged in this order. The connecting metal fitting is, for example, a drift pin.

The tip of the connecting metal fitting preferably has a tapered shape that narrows toward the tip of the connecting metal fitting. This makes it easier to insert the tip of the connecting metal fitting into the hole of the structural shaft member by striking it with a hammer through a through hole in the load-bearing wall panel. As a result, the connecting metal fitting can be inserted into the hole of the structural shaft member without requiring more force than necessary to strike with the hammer. In addition, the connecting metal fitting can be inserted with less impact noise.

The body of the metal fitting has a structure with multiple projections and recesses to prevent it from falling out. This allows the metal fitting to hook firmly onto the structural shaft. Therefore, even if the structural shaft is subjected to vibrations due to an earthquake or other event, the metal fitting will not fall out of the structural shaft.

In addition, the neck of the connecting metal fitting has a larger diameter than the body. When the connecting metal fitting is inserted into the through hole of the load-bearing wall panel, the neck of the connecting metal fitting is engaged with the through hole, and the body fits into the hole of the structural shaft member. As a result, the load-bearing wall structure in one embodiment of the present invention is structured such that the body of the connecting metal fitting securely connects and fixes the hole of the structural shaft member, while the neck does not enter the hole of the structural shaft member and holds the structural shaft member with the neck. As a result, the load-bearing wall structure in one embodiment of the present invention can prevent the connecting metal fitting from sinking into the load-bearing wall panel, and can reliably fix the position of the connecting metal fitting to the load-bearing wall panel.

The head of the metal fitting has a larger diameter than the neck and is flat, i.e., flat along a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the metal fitting extends. This prevents the metal fitting from sinking into the load-bearing face material of the load-bearing wall panel, suppressing a decrease in the load-bearing strength of the load-bearing wall panel.

The specific configuration of a load-bearing wall structure according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below in embodiments 1 to 3 with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1]
Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the schematic configuration of a bearing wall structure 100 according to this embodiment, with the left side showing the configuration of a large-wall type bearing wall panel 1 and the right side showing the configuration of a structural axis member 3. Fig. 2 is an XZ cross-sectional view showing a schematic view of attaching the bearing wall panel 1 to the structural axis member 3. 201 in Fig. 2 shows the state before the bearing wall panel 1 is attached to the column member 20 of the structural axis member 3, and 202 in Fig. 2 shows the state after the bearing wall panel 1 is attached to the structural axis member 3.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the bearing wall structure 100 of this embodiment includes a bearing wall panel 1 and a structural axis member 3.

The load-bearing wall panel 1 is of the large wall type and comprises a rectangular plate-shaped load-bearing surface material 10, a frame material 11, and a heat-insulating and sound-absorbing material 14. The frame material 11 is provided on the surface of the load-bearing surface material 10 facing the structural axis member 3. The dimensions of the load-bearing surface material 10 are, for example, 2,730 mm in length, 906 mm in width, and 9.0 mm in thickness.

In this embodiment, the short side direction of the rectangular plate-shaped load-bearing surface material 10 is the X direction, the long side direction is the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction. The Z direction can also be said to be the stacking direction of the load-bearing surface material 10 and the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing material 14, or the thickness direction of the load-bearing wall panel 1 or the load-bearing surface material 10.

The structural shaft member 3 comprises pillars 20, a base 21, and a beam 22. Specifically, the structural shaft member 3 is configured such that two pillars 20 are fixed to both ends of the base 21 so that the long sides of the pillars 20 are perpendicular to the long sides of the base 21 (Y direction in FIG. 1), and a beam 22 is fixed to the two pillars 20 so that the long sides of the beams are parallel to the long sides of the base 21 (X direction in FIG. 1).

As shown in 201 and 202 in FIG. 2, in a large-wall type load-bearing wall structure 100, a large-wall type load-bearing wall panel 1 is joined and fixed to a structural axis member 3 by a drift pin 7 (joint metal fitting). A through hole 5 into which the drift pin 7 is inserted is formed in the load-bearing face material 10 of the load-bearing wall panel 1. The through hole 5 is formed in the thickness direction of the load-bearing face material 10, i.e., in the Z direction. In other words, the through hole 5 is configured to penetrate the load-bearing face material 10 in the Z direction.

In addition, a hole 6 is formed in the column material 20 of the structural shaft member 3. A drift pin 7 that passes through the through hole 5 is fixed in the hole 6. For this reason, as shown in 202 in FIG. 2, the hole 6 is provided on the surface of the column material 20 that faces the load-bearing surface material 10. When the load-bearing surface material 10 is joined to the column material 20, the through hole 5 communicates with the hole 6.

The manufacturing method for the load-bearing wall structure 100 according to this embodiment includes a process for joining and fixing the load-bearing wall panel 1 to the structural shaft member 3 by inserting the drift pin 7 into the through hole 5 and the hole portion 6. More specifically, in this process, the drift pin 7 is driven from the through hole 5 of the load-bearing face member 10 into the hole portion 6 of the column member 20, and the load-bearing wall panel 1 is fixed to the column member 20.

When joining and fixing the bearing wall panel 1 and the structural shaft member 3 in this way, the bearing wall structure 100 according to this embodiment has the effect of preventing the drift pin 7 from sinking into the bearing face member 10. The effect of the bearing wall structure 100 will be described below with reference to FIG. 3.

Figure 3 is a diagram showing the through hole 5 of the load-bearing surface material 10, the hole portion 6 of the load-bearing surface material 10, and the configuration of the drift pin 7. 301 in Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the load-bearing surface material 10 and the column material 20 are joined and fixed by the drift pin 7. 302 in Figure 3 is a side view showing the schematic configuration of the drift pin 7.

First, as shown in 302 of FIG. 3, the drift pin 7 has a cylindrical structure with a tip 7a, a body 7b, a neck 7c, and a head 7d arranged in this order. Note that the structure of the drift pin 7 is not limited to a cylindrical structure, and may be any columnar structure. For example, the drift pin 7 may have a rectangular columnar structure.

The tip 7a has a tapered shape that tapers toward the tip. The body 7b has a structure with multiple projections and recesses to prevent it from slipping out. This allows the drift pin 7 to be firmly attached to the load-bearing surface material 10 and the column material 20.

The neck portion 7c has a larger diameter than the body portion 7b. Therefore, a step is formed between the body portion 7b and the neck portion 7c. The step portion is formed in a circular shape around the axis of the drift pin 7. In the configuration shown in 302 of FIG. 3, the step portion is a tapered portion 7c1. The tapered portion 7c1 is configured to become narrower (to have a smaller diameter) from the neck portion 7c toward the body portion 7b.

The step portion may have multiple projections and recesses. By forming multiple projections and recesses in the step portion, the frictional resistance with the pillar material 20 increases, and the structural shaft material 3 can be joined and fixed more firmly.

The head 7d has a larger diameter than the neck 7c and is flat and disk-shaped. This prevents the drift pin 7 from sinking into the load-bearing surface material 10. As shown in 301 of FIG. 3, when the load-bearing surface material 10 and the column material 20 are joined and fixed by the drift pin 7, the head 7d is not inserted into the through hole 5.

The head 7d may have multiple uneven shapes formed on the surface that contacts the load-bearing surface material 10 of the load-bearing wall panel 1. By forming multiple uneven shapes on the head 7d, the frictional resistance between the load-bearing wall panel 1 and the load-bearing surface material 10 is increased, and the load-bearing wall panel 1 can be more firmly joined and fixed.

In order for the drift pin 7 to be fixed within the through hole 5 and the hole 6, it is preferable that the total length of the through hole 5 and the hole 6 is equal to or greater than the length from the tip 7a to the neck 7c of the drift pin 7.

The through hole 5 is configured to fit the shape of the neck 7c of the drift pin 7. In the bearing wall structure 100, the anti-slip structure of the body 7b catches against the hole 6, and the neck 7c, which has a larger diameter than the body 7b, engages with the through hole 5 without entering the hole 6 of the column material 20. Then, by engaging the bearing surface material 10 of the bearing wall panel 1 with the head 7d, the drift pin 7 does not sink into the bearing surface material 10, and the connection with the column material 20 is strong. And even if vibration is applied to the column material 20, the drift pin 7 will not fall out of the bearing surface material 10 and the column material 20.

Here, the through hole 5 has a larger diameter than the hole 6. Therefore, in the load-bearing wall structure 100, when the load-bearing surface material 10 and the column material 20 are joined so that the through hole 5 and the hole 6 are connected, the side walls are not flush with each other between the through hole 5 and the hole 6, and a step occurs. In other words, through the through hole 5, the surface of the column material 20 on the load-bearing surface material 10 side and the edge of the hole 6 can be seen. Therefore, when the drift pin 7 is driven, the step portion between the body 7b and the neck 7c abuts against the column material 20. Since the neck 7c has a larger diameter than the body 7b, the drift pin 7 is prevented from moving toward the column material 20 without entering the hole 6 of the column material 20. As a result, according to the load-bearing wall structure 100 of this embodiment, it is possible to prevent the drift pin 7 from being embedded in the load-bearing surface material 10 of the load-bearing wall panel 1.

Furthermore, in the load-bearing wall structure 100, the shear strength of the joint between the column material 20 and the drift pin 7 is greater than the shear strength of the joint between the load-bearing surface material 10 and the drift pin 7. Therefore, the drift pin 7 has a smaller diameter of the body 7b that contacts the column material 20 compared to the neck 7c that contacts the load-bearing surface material 10, which has the effect of reducing the weight of the drift pin 7.

Specific dimensions of the drift pin 7 are: total length 52 mm, tip 7a: φ10 mm diameter x 5 mm length, body 7b: φ12 mm diameter x 35 mm length, neck 7c: φ15 mm diameter x 9 mm length, head 7d: φ25 mm diameter x 3 mm length; total length 52 mm, tip 7a: φ10 mm diameter x 5 mm length, body 7b: φ12 mm diameter x 35 mm length, neck 7c: φ15 mm diameter x 9 mm length, head 7d: φ19 mm diameter x 3 mm length; total length 70 mm, tip 7a: φ10 mm diameter x 5 mm length, body 7b: φ12 mm diameter x 53 mm length, neck 7c: φ15 mm diameter x 9 mm length, head 7d: φ25 mm diameter x 3 mm length; etc.

(Configuration example of frame material 11)
The frame material 11 provided on the bearing wall panel 1 can have any structure as long as it is a conventionally known structure. 401 to 403 in Fig. 4 are diagrams showing examples of the structure of the frame material provided on the bearing wall panel.

In the load-bearing wall panel 1A shown in 401 of FIG. 4, the frame material is composed of vertical frame members 11a-11c extending in the Y direction and horizontal frame members 11d-11e extending in the X direction. The vertical frame members 11a-11c and the horizontal frame members 11d-11e are configured so that at least the surfaces in contact with the load-bearing surface member 10 are flush with each other.

The vertical frame member 11b is attached to the center of the load-bearing surface member 10. The vertical frame member 11a is attached to the left side of the load-bearing surface member 10 relative to the vertical frame member 11b. The vertical frame member 11c is attached to the right side of the load-bearing surface member 10 relative to the vertical frame member 11b.

The horizontal frame member 11e is attached to the center of the bearing surface member 10 so as to intersect with the vertical frame member 11b. The horizontal frame member 11d is attached to the upper side of the bearing surface member 10 relative to the horizontal frame member 11e. The horizontal frame member 11f is attached to the lower side of the bearing surface member 10 relative to the horizontal frame member 11e.

In the frame material shown in FIG. 4 at 401, a rectangle is formed by vertical frame materials 11a and 11c and horizontal frame materials 11d and 11f. Vertical frame material 11b is an inner frame that connects two sides of the rectangle extending in the X direction and passes through the center of the rectangle. Horizontal frame material 11e is an inner frame that connects two sides of the rectangle extending in the Y direction and passes through the center of the rectangle.

The through holes 5 pass through the ends of the vertical frame members 11a-11c and the horizontal frame members 11d-11e, and are provided outside the rectangular region with the largest area among the rectangles formed by the four line segments parallel to the sides that form the rectangular shape of the load-bearing surface member 10. The through holes 5 are provided in the load-bearing surface member 10 in an area outside the rectangle formed by the frame member. Four through holes 5 are provided on each of the two long sides of the load-bearing surface member 10 that extend in the Y direction.

The rectangular heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 is provided on the surface of the load bearing surface material 10 facing the frame material. The heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 may be provided so as to cover the frame material, but is preferably provided so as to be flush with the frame material. In the configuration shown in 401 of FIG. 4, the heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 is disposed in each of the four rectangular areas formed by the vertical frame materials 11a to 11c and the horizontal frame materials 11d to 11e. The surface of the heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 opposite the load bearing surface material 10 is flush with the vertical frame materials 11a to 11c and the horizontal frame materials 11d to 11e.

In the load-bearing wall panel 1B shown in 402 of FIG. 4, the frame material is composed of vertical frame material 11b and horizontal frame materials 11d and 11f. The rectangular heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 is configured to fit the frame shape formed by the vertical frame material 11b and the horizontal frame materials 11d and 11f. The surface of the heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 opposite the load-bearing surface material 10 is flush with the vertical frame material 11b and the horizontal frame materials 11d and 11f. The heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 is configured to be flush with the end faces of the horizontal frame materials 11d and 11f. The heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 is configured to fit the rectangle whose sides are the two intersecting frame lines in the frame shape formed by the vertical frame material 11b and the horizontal frame materials 11d and 11f.

The through hole 5 passes through the ends of the vertical frame member 11b and the horizontal frame members 11d and 11f, and is provided outside the rectangular region with the largest area among the rectangles formed by the four line segments parallel to the sides that form the rectangular shape of the load-bearing surface member 10. Specifically, it is formed outside the rectangular region whose four corners are the ends of the horizontal frame members 11d and 11f.

In the load-bearing wall panel 1C shown in 403 of FIG. 4, the frame material is composed of vertical frame material 11b and horizontal frame material 11e and 11f. The rectangular heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 is configured to fit the frame shape formed by the vertical frame material 11b and the horizontal frame material 11e and 11f. The surface of the heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 opposite the load-bearing surface material 10 is flush with the vertical frame material 11b and the horizontal frame material 11e and 11f. The heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 is configured to be flush with the end faces of the vertical frame material 11b and the horizontal frame material 11e and 11f. The heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14 is configured to fit the rectangle whose sides are the two intersecting frame lines in the frame shape formed by the vertical frame material 11b and the horizontal frame material 11e and 11f.

The through holes 5 pass through the ends of the vertical frame member 11b and the horizontal frame members 11e and 11f, and are provided outside the rectangular region with the largest area among the rectangles formed by the four line segments parallel to the sides that constitute the rectangular shape of the load-bearing surface member 10. Specifically, they are formed outside the rectangular region that does not have the ends of the horizontal frame members 11d and 11f as its four corners.

In order to ensure sufficient strength of the load-bearing wall panel, it is preferable that the frame material provided on the load-bearing surface material 10 includes at least a vertical frame material 11b. This is because the vertical frame material 11b is attached to approximately the center of the load-bearing surface material 10 and plays an important role in ensuring the strength of the load-bearing wall panel.

(Example of the configuration of the drift pin 7)
In the bearing wall structure 100 according to this embodiment, the structure of the body 7b of the drift pin 7 is not particularly limited as long as it has a pull-out prevention structure in which a plurality of projections and recesses are formed. 501 to 505 in FIG. 5 are side views showing schematic configuration examples of the body 7b.

The drift pin 7A shown in 501 of Figure 5 has a body portion 7b1 with a file structure in which rectangular protrusions are adjacent to each other.

The body 7b2 of the drift pin 7B shown in 502 in FIG. 5 has a structure in which multiple serrated portions are aligned adjacent to each other in the circumferential and axial directions of the drift pin 7. The serrated portions have a sharp edge on the radially outer side of the drift pin 7 and a tapered surface toward the tip 7a.

The body 7b3 of the drift pin 7C shown in 503 of FIG. 5 has a screw-like structure with a continuous spiral of pointed ridges on the outside. The body 7b4 of the drift pin 7D shown in 504 of FIG. 5 has a structure in which the serrated portions are aligned and spaced apart from each other in the circumferential and axial directions of the drift pin 7. The body 7b5 of the drift pin 7E shown in 505 of FIG. 5 has a screw structure in which the ridges are intermittently spiral.

Even with the configuration shown in 501 to 505 in Figure 5, it is possible to prevent the drift pins 7A to 7E from being pulled out of the load-bearing surface material.

(Method of manufacturing the load-bearing wall structure 100)
The manufacturing method for the load-bearing wall structure 100 of this embodiment may include a process of joining and fixing the load-bearing wall panel 1 and the structural shaft member 3 by inserting the drift pin 7 into the through hole 5 and the hole portion 6 as described above (hereinafter referred to as the joining process).

In addition to the joining process, the manufacturing method may include at least one of a through-hole forming process for forming a through hole 5 in the bearing wall panel 1 and a hole forming process for forming a hole 6 in the structural shaft member 3. In this case, the through-hole forming process and the hole forming process may be performed in a factory where the components of the bearing wall structure 100 are manufactured, or may be performed at a construction site where the bearing wall structure 100 is assembled. More preferably, the through-hole forming process and the hole forming process are performed in the factory, and the joining process is performed at the construction site. This reduces the number of steps at the construction site, improving productivity.

[Embodiment 2]
Other embodiments of the present invention will be described below. For ease of explanation, the same reference numerals are given to members having the same functions as those described in the above embodiment, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

Figure 6 is an XZ cross-sectional view showing the assembly of the bearing wall structure 100A according to this embodiment. 601 in Figure 6 shows the state before the solid wall type bearing wall panel 2 is attached to the pillar material 20, and 602 in Figure 6 shows the state after the bearing wall panel 2 is attached to the pillar material 20.

As shown in 601 and 602 in FIG. 6, the load-bearing wall structure 100A of this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the load-bearing wall panel 2 is a solid wall type and that a support member 23 is provided on the column member 20.

When the solid wall type load-bearing wall panel 2 is attached to the pillar 20, the back surface of the load-bearing face material 10 is configured to be approximately flush with the back surface of the pillar 20. The frame material 11 is similar to the configuration shown in 101 in FIG. 1. That is, the frame material 11 is not provided on the edge of the load-bearing face material 10 on the pillar 20 side. Therefore, when the load-bearing wall panel 2 is attached to the pillar 20, a gap is created between the heat insulating/sound absorbing material 14 and the pillar 20. The support material 23 is provided in the gap and is a member for supporting the load-bearing wall panel 2.

The support material 23 is fixed to the pillar material 20 by fastening material 24. Fastening material 24 may be, for example, a nail, a screw, or a screw.

The bearing surface material 10 of the bearing wall panel 2 has a through hole 5 through which the drift pin 7 is inserted. The through hole 5 is formed in the thickness direction of the bearing surface material 10, i.e., in the Z direction.

The hole 6 is formed in the receiving material 23. The hole 6 is provided on the surface of the receiving material 23 that faces the load-bearing surface material 10. When the load-bearing surface material 10 is joined to the pillar material 20, the through hole 5 communicates with the hole 6.

Even with the configuration of the load-bearing wall structure 100A, it is possible to prevent the drift pin 7 from sinking into the load-bearing surface material 10 when the load-bearing wall panel 1 and the structural shaft member 3 are joined and fixed.

[Embodiment 3]
Further, for the sake of convenience, the same reference numerals are given to the members having the same functions as those described in the above embodiment, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

Figure 7 is an XZ cross-sectional view showing the assembly of the bearing wall structure 100B according to this embodiment. 701 in Figure 7 shows the state before the solid wall type bearing wall panel 2A is attached to the pillar material 20, and 702 in Figure 7 shows the state after the bearing wall panel 2A is attached to the pillar material 20.

As shown in 701 and 702 in FIG. 7, the load-bearing wall structure 100B of this embodiment differs from the load-bearing wall panel 2A in structure from embodiments 1 and 2.

The load-bearing wall panel 2A is configured so that when attached to the pillar material 20, the back surface of the load-bearing face material 10 is approximately flush with the back surface of the pillar material 20. The frame material 11 differs from the configuration shown in 101 in FIG. 1. The frame material 11 is provided on the edge of the load-bearing face material 10 facing the pillar material 20. Therefore, when the load-bearing wall panel 2 is attached to the pillar material 20, the frame material 11 is disposed between the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing material 14 and the pillar material 20.

For this reason, the hole 6 is provided on the side surface facing the load-bearing surface material 10. The hole 6 is formed to extend in the X direction. The through hole 5 is provided in the frame material 11. Specifically, the through hole 5 is formed to extend in the X direction in the frame material 11 provided on the edge portion of the load-bearing surface material 10 facing the column material 20. When the load-bearing surface material 10 is joined to the column material 20, the through hole 5 communicates with the hole 6.

Even with the configuration of the load-bearing wall structure 100B, it is possible to prevent the drift pin 7 from sinking into the load-bearing surface material 10 when the load-bearing wall panel 1 and the structural shaft member 3 are joined and fixed.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims. The technical scope of the present invention also includes embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in different embodiments.

(summary)
The load-bearing wall structure 100 according to aspect 1 of the present invention is a load-bearing wall structure 100 in a wooden frame construction method, and comprises a structural axis member 3, a load-bearing wall panel 1, and a connecting metal fitting (drift pin 7) for connecting and fixing the structural axis member 3 to the load-bearing wall panel 1, the connecting metal fitting having a columnar structure having a tip portion 7a, a body portion 7b having a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion 7c having a larger diameter than the body portion 7b, and a head portion 7d arranged in this order, the load-bearing wall panel 1 has a through hole 5 through which the connecting metal fitting is inserted, the structural axis member 3 has a hole portion 6 through which the connecting metal fitting is fixed, and the through hole 5 has a larger diameter than the hole portion 6.

In the load-bearing wall structure 100 according to aspect 1 of the present invention, the load-bearing wall panel 1 comprises a load-bearing surface material 10 and a frame material 11 provided on the load-bearing surface material 10, and a heat insulating material and/or sound absorbing material (heat insulating and sound absorbing material 14) is provided on the surface of the load-bearing surface material 10 facing the frame material 11.

The bearing wall structure 100 according to aspect 3 of the present invention is the same as that of aspect 2, except that the through holes 5 are formed in the bearing surface material 10 in the thickness direction (Z direction) of the bearing surface material 10.

The load-bearing wall structure 100 according to aspect 4 of the present invention is configured as in aspect 3, in that the through holes 5 are arranged in an area on the surface of the load-bearing face material 10 outside the frame material 11.

The joint fitting for a load-bearing wall panel (drift pin 7) according to aspect 5 of the present invention is a joint fitting for a load-bearing wall panel that joins and fixes a structural shaft member 3 and a load-bearing wall panel 1, and has a columnar structure in which a tip 7a, a body 7b, a neck 7c, and a head 7d are arranged in this order, the tip 7a is tapered, the body 7b has a pull-out prevention structure with multiple projections and recesses, the neck 7c has a larger diameter than the body 7b, the head 7d has a larger diameter than the neck 7c and is flat, the tip 7a, the body 7b, and the neck 7c are structured to be inserted into a through hole 5 provided in the load-bearing wall panel 1, and the head 7d has a larger diameter than the through hole 5.

The joint hardware for load-bearing wall panels (drift pin 7) according to aspect 6 of the present invention is configured in such a way that, in aspect 5, a tapered portion 7c1 is provided between the body portion 7b and the neck portion 7c, and the width of the tapered portion 7c1 narrows from the neck portion 7c toward the body portion 7b.

The load-bearing wall panel 1 according to aspect 7 of the present invention is a load-bearing wall panel 1 that is joined and fixed to a structural shaft member 3 by a joint metal fitting (drift pin 7) that is a columnar structure having a tip portion 7a, a body portion 7b with a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion 7c that is larger in diameter than the body portion 7b, and a head portion 7d arranged in this order, and has a through hole 5 through which the joint metal fitting is inserted, and the through hole 5 is configured to be larger in diameter than the hole portion 6 provided in the structural shaft member 3 to which the joint metal fitting is fixed.

The manufacturing method of the bearing wall structure 100 according to aspect 8 of the present invention is a manufacturing method of the bearing wall structure 100 in the wooden frame construction method, in which the structural axis member 3 and the bearing wall panel 1 are joined and fixed by a joint metal fitting (drift pin 7), the joint metal fitting is a columnar structure having a tip 7a, a body portion 7b having a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion 7c having a larger diameter than the body portion 7b, and a head portion 7d arranged in this order, the bearing wall panel 1 has a through hole 5 into which the joint metal fitting is inserted, the bearing wall panel 3 has a hole portion 6 into which the joint metal fitting is fixed, the through hole 5 has a larger diameter than the hole portion 6, and the manufacturing method includes a step of joining and fixing the structural axis member 3 and the bearing wall panel 1 by inserting the joint metal fitting into the through hole 5 and the hole portion 6.

The bearing wall structure and manufacturing method thereof according to one embodiment of the present invention are suitable for use in the construction of wooden buildings, i.e., in the wooden frame construction method for constructing wooden buildings.

1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 2, 2A Load-bearing wall panel 3 Structural axis material 5 Through hole 6 Hole portion 7, 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E Drift pin (joint metal fitting)
7a Tip part 7b, 7b1, 7b2, 7b3, 7b4, 7b5 Body part 7c Neck part 7c1 Taper part 7d Head part 10 Load-bearing surface material 11, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f Frame material 14 Heat insulation/sound absorption material 20 Column material (structural shaft material)
21 Foundation (structural shaft material)
22 Beam (structural shaft material)
23 Support material (structural shaft material)
100, 100A, 100B load-bearing wall structure

Claims (10)

A load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame construction method,
A structural shaft material;
Load-bearing wall panels;
and a joint metal fitting for joining and fixing the structural shaft member and the load-bearing wall panel,
The metal joint has a columnar structure including a tip portion, a body portion having a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion having a larger diameter than the body portion, and a head portion, which are arranged in this order,
The bearing wall panel has a through hole into which the joint metal fitting is inserted,
The structural shaft member has a hole to which the metal joint is fixed,
The through hole has a larger diameter than the hole portion,
A load-bearing wall structure , wherein the joint fitting is a drift pin . A load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame construction method,
A structural shaft material;
Load-bearing wall panels;
and a joint metal fitting for joining and fixing the structural shaft member and the load-bearing wall panel,
The metal joint has a columnar structure including a tip portion, a body portion having a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion having a larger diameter than the body portion, and a head portion, which are arranged in this order,
The bearing wall panel has a through hole into which the joint metal fitting is inserted,
The structural shaft member has a hole to which the metal joint is fixed,
The through hole has a larger diameter than the hole portion,
Regarding the above-mentioned metal fittings,
A load-bearing wall structure, comprising a tapered portion between the body and the neck, the tapered portion being configured to narrow from the neck toward the body. The load-bearing wall panel comprises a load-bearing surface material and a frame material provided on the load-bearing surface material,
3. The load-bearing wall structure according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating material and/or a sound absorbing material is arranged on a surface of the load-bearing face material facing the frame member. The load-bearing wall structure according to claim 3 , wherein the through holes are formed in the load-bearing surface material in a thickness direction of the load-bearing surface material. The load-bearing wall structure according to claim 4 , wherein the through holes are arranged on the surface of the load-bearing face material in an area outside the frame material. A joint fitting for a bearing wall panel , which is a drift pin that joins and fixes a structural shaft member and a bearing wall panel,
A columnar structure having a tip, a body, a neck, and a head arranged in this order;
The tip portion is tapered.
The body portion has a pull-out prevention structure formed with a plurality of projections and recesses,
The neck portion has a larger diameter than the body portion,
The head portion has a larger diameter than the neck portion and has a flat plate shape.
A fastening fitting for a load-bearing wall panel, wherein the tip portion, the body portion, and the neck portion are configured to be inserted into a through hole provided in the load-bearing wall panel, and the head portion has a larger diameter than the through hole. 7. The fastening hardware for a load-bearing wall panel according to claim 6 , wherein a tapered portion is provided between the body portion and the neck portion so that the width of the tapered portion narrows from the neck portion toward the body portion. A joint fitting for a bearing wall panel that joins and fixes a structural shaft member and a bearing wall panel,
A columnar structure having a tip, a body, a neck, and a head arranged in this order;
The tip portion is tapered.
The body portion has a pull-out prevention structure formed with a plurality of projections and recesses,
The neck portion has a larger diameter than the body portion,
The head portion has a larger diameter than the neck portion and has a flat plate shape.
The tip portion, the body portion, and the neck portion are configured to be inserted into a through hole provided in the load-bearing wall panel, and the head portion has a larger diameter than the through hole;
A joint for a load-bearing wall panel, wherein a tapered portion is provided between the body portion and the neck portion so that the width narrows as the member moves from the neck portion to the body portion. A manufacturing method for a load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame construction method, in which a structural member and a load-bearing wall panel are joined and fixed by a joint metal fitting,
The connecting metal fitting is a drift pin having a columnar structure in which a tip portion, a body portion having a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion having a larger diameter than the body portion, and a head portion are arranged in this order,
The bearing wall panel has a through hole into which the joint metal fitting is inserted,
The structural shaft member has a hole to which the metal joint is fixed,
The through hole has a larger diameter than the hole portion,
A manufacturing method for a load-bearing wall structure, comprising a step of joining and fixing a structural axis member and a load-bearing wall panel by inserting the fastening metal fittings into the through holes and the hole portions. A manufacturing method for a load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame construction method, in which a structural member and a load-bearing wall panel are joined and fixed by a joint metal fitting,
The connecting fitting has a columnar structure including a tip portion, a body portion having a pull-out prevention structure, a neck portion having a larger diameter than the body portion, and a head portion, which are arranged in this order, and a tapered portion is provided between the body portion and the neck portion so that the width of the tapered portion narrows from the neck portion toward the body portion,
The bearing wall panel has a through hole into which the joint metal fitting is inserted,
The structural shaft member has a hole to which the metal joint is fixed,
The through hole has a larger diameter than the hole portion,
A manufacturing method for a load-bearing wall structure, comprising a step of joining and fixing a structural axis member and a load-bearing wall panel by inserting the fastening metal fittings into the through holes and the hole portions.

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