JP7574681B2 - 軟磁性粉末、圧粉磁心、磁性素子および電子機器 - Google Patents
軟磁性粉末、圧粉磁心、磁性素子および電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7574681B2 JP7574681B2 JP2021018523A JP2021018523A JP7574681B2 JP 7574681 B2 JP7574681 B2 JP 7574681B2 JP 2021018523 A JP2021018523 A JP 2021018523A JP 2021018523 A JP2021018523 A JP 2021018523A JP 7574681 B2 JP7574681 B2 JP 7574681B2
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Description
FexCuaNbb(Si1-yBy)100-x-a-b
[ただし、a、b、xは、それぞれ単位が原子%である数であって、0.3≦a≦2.0、2.0≦b≦4.0、73.0≦x≦79.5を満たす。また、yは、f(x)≦y≦0.99を満たす数であって、f(x)=(4×10-34)x17.56である。]
で表される組成を有する粒子を含み、
前記粒子は、粒径1.0nm以上30.0nm以下の結晶粒を含有し、
前記粒子における前記結晶粒の含有比率は、30体積%以上であり、
Cuが偏析しているCu偏析部を含み、
前記Cu偏析部は、前記粒子の表面から30nmよりも深い位置に存在し、
前記Cu偏析部のCu濃度の最大値は、6.0原子%超であることを特徴とする。
本発明の適用例に係る軟磁性粉末を含むことを特徴とする。
本発明の適用例に係る圧粉磁心を備えることを特徴とする。
本発明の適用例に係る磁性素子を備えることを特徴とする。
実施形態に係る軟磁性粉末は、軟磁性を示す金属粉末である。かかる軟磁性粉末は、いかなる用途にも適用可能であるが、例えば、結合材を介して粒子同士が結着され、圧粉磁心や電磁波吸収材等の各種圧粉体を製造するのに用いられる。
1.1.組成
Fe(鉄)は、実施形態に係る軟磁性粉末の基本的な磁気特性や機械的特性に大きな影響を与える。
実施形態に係る軟磁性粉末の粒子は、結晶粒径1.0nm以上30.0nm以下の結晶粒を含有している。このような粒径の結晶粒は微小であるため、各結晶粒における結晶磁気異方性が平均化され易い。このため、保磁力を低下させることができ、とりわけ磁気的に軟質な粉末が得られる。また、併せて、このような粒径に結晶粒が一定以上含まれている場合、軟磁性粉末の透磁率が高くなる。その結果、保磁力が低く透磁率が高いという軟磁性に富んだ粉末が得られる。また、透磁率が高くなることで、高電流下でも飽和しにくくなるため、軟磁性粉末の飽和磁束密度を高めることができる。
実施形態に係る軟磁性粉末の粒子は、周囲に対して局所的にCuが偏析しているCu偏析部を含む。このCu偏析部は、粒子の表面から30nmよりも深い位置に存在している。また、Cu偏析部のCu濃度の最大値は、6.0原子%超である。
実施形態に係る軟磁性粉末の粒子は、Siが偏析しているSi偏析部を含む。このSi偏析部は、Cu偏析部と粒子の表面との間に存在している。このような位置に存在するSi偏析部を含むことにより、粒子の絶縁性が向上する。これにより、粒子間を経路とする渦電流の発生を抑制することができる。
実施形態に係る軟磁性粉末の粒子では、粒子の表面から12nmの位置におけるFe濃度が、原子濃度比でO濃度より高いことが好ましい。これにより、例えばSiO2等の酸化物を主成分とする酸化皮膜が必要以上に厚くなるのを防止した粒子を実現することができる。すなわち、酸化皮膜の厚さを必要最小限に抑え、酸化皮膜として偏析するSiの濃度を抑えることにより、結晶粒中に分配されるSiの量を確保することができるとともに、結晶粒が占める体積比率を確保することができる。その結果、より高い飽和磁束密度を有する軟磁性粉末が得られる。
実施形態に係る軟磁性粉末は、粒子のビッカース硬度が好ましくは1000以上3000以下とされ、より好ましくは1200以上2500以下とされる。このような硬度の粒子を含む軟磁性粉末は、圧縮成形されて圧粉磁心になるとき、粒子同士の接触点における変形が最小限に抑えられる。このため、接触面積が小さく抑えられることとなり、圧粉磁心における粒子間の絶縁性を高めることができる。
まず、全自動ガス置換式密度計、マイクロメリティックス社製、AccuPyc1330により、軟磁性粉末の真比重ρを測定する。次に、振動試料型磁力計、株式会社玉川製作所製VSMシステム、TM-VSM1230-MHHLにより、軟磁性粉末の最大磁化Mmを測定する。そして、以下の式により、飽和磁束密度Bsを算出する。
Bs=4π/10000×ρ×Mm
次に、実施形態に係る軟磁性粉末を製造する方法について説明する。
回転水流アトマイズ法では、冷却用筒体の内周面に沿って冷却液を噴出供給し、冷却用筒体の内周面に沿って旋回させることにより、内周面に冷却液層を形成する。一方、軟磁性粉末の原材料を溶融させ、得られた溶融金属を自然落下させつつ、これに液体または気体のジェットを吹き付ける。これにより溶融金属が飛散し、飛散した溶融金属は冷却液層に取り込まれる。その結果、飛散して微粉化した溶融金属が急速冷却されて固化し、軟磁性粉末が得られる。
なお、ガスジェット26は、必要に応じて液体ジェットで代替することもできる。
以上のようにして本実施形態に係る軟磁性粉末を製造することができる。
次に、実施形態に係る圧粉磁心および磁性素子について説明する。
3.1.トロイダルタイプ
まず、実施形態に係る磁性素子の一例であるトロイダルタイプのコイル部品について説明する。
図3は、トロイダルタイプのコイル部品を模式的に示す平面図である。
なお、結合材は、必要に応じて添加されればよく、省略されてもよい。
混合物中には、必要に応じて、任意の目的で各種添加剤を添加するようにしてもよい。
次に、実施形態に係る磁性素子の一例である閉磁路タイプのコイル部品について説明する。
図4は、閉磁路タイプのコイル部品を模式的に示す透過斜視図である。
次いで、前記実施形態と同様に、この成形体に熱処理を施す。これにより、結合材を硬化させ、圧粉磁心21およびコイル部品20が得られる。
次いで、実施形態に係る磁性素子を備える電子機器について、図5~図7に基づいて説明する。
5.圧粉磁心の製造
5.1.サンプルNo.1
まず、原材料を高周波誘導炉で溶融するとともに、回転水流アトマイズ法により粉末化して軟磁性粉末を得た。この際、坩堝から流下させる溶融金属の流下量を0.5kg/分、坩堝の流下口の内径を1mm、ガスジェットの流速を900m/sとした。次いで、風力分級機により分級を行った。得られた軟磁性粉末が有する組成を表1に示す。なお、組成の特定には、SPECTRO社製固体発光分光分析装置、モデル:SPECTROLAB、タイプ:LAVMB08Aを用いた。その結果、不純物の含有率の合計は0.50原子%以下であった。
・成形方法 :プレス成形
・成形体の形状:リング状
・成形体の寸法:外径14mm、内径8mm、厚さ3mm
・成形圧力 :3t/cm2(294MPa)
軟磁性粉末の製造条件および圧粉磁心の製造条件を表1に示すように変更した以外は、サンプルNo.1と同様にして圧粉磁心を得た。なお、各サンプルの平均粒径D50は、10μm以上30μm以下の範囲内に収まっていた。
6.1.軟磁性粉末の粒子構造についての評価
各実施例および各比較例で得られた軟磁性粉末を、集束イオンビーム装置により、薄片に加工し、試験片を得た。
各実施例および各比較例で得られた軟磁性粉末の圧粉体について、以下に示す方法で電気抵抗値を測定した。
そして、測定した抵抗値を、以下の評価基準に照らして評価した。
B:抵抗値が3.0kΩ以上5.0kΩ未満
C:抵抗値が0.3kΩ以上3.0kΩ未満
D:抵抗値が0.3kΩ未満
評価結果を表2に示す。
各実施例および各比較例で得られた軟磁性粉末について、それぞれの保磁力を以下の測定装置を用いて測定した。
そして、測定した保磁力を、以下の評価基準に照らして評価した。
B:保磁力が0.90Oe以上1.33Oe未満
C:保磁力が1.33Oe以上1.67Oe未満
D:保磁力が1.67Oe以上2.00Oe未満
E:保磁力が2.00Oe以上2.33Oe未満
F:保磁力が2.33Oe以上
評価結果を表2に示す。
各実施例および各比較例で得られた軟磁性粉末について、それぞれの飽和磁束密度を以下のようにして算出した。
次に、以下の式により飽和磁束密度Bsを求めた。
算出結果を表2に示す。
各実施例および各比較例で得られた圧粉磁心について、それぞれの透磁率を以下の測定条件に基づいて測定した。
・測定周波数 :100MHz
・巻線の巻き数:7回
・巻線の線径 :0.6mm
測定結果を表2に示す。
各実施例および各比較例で得られた圧粉磁心について、それぞれの鉄損を以下の測定条件に基づいて測定した。
・測定周波数 :900kHz
・巻線の巻き数:1次側36回、2次側36回
・巻線の線径 :0.5mm
・最大磁束密度:50mT
測定結果を表2に示す。
Claims (8)
- FexCuaNbb(Si1-yBy)100-x-a-b
[ただし、a、b、xは、それぞれ単位が原子%である数であって、0.3≦a≦2.0、2.0≦b≦4.0、73.0≦x≦79.5を満たす。また、yは、f(x)≦y≦0.99を満たす数であって、f(x)=(4×10-34)x17.56である。]
で表される組成を有する粒子を含み、
前記粒子は、粒径1.0nm以上30.0nm以下の結晶粒を含有し、
前記粒子における前記結晶粒の含有比率は、30体積%以上であり、
Cuが偏析しているCu偏析部を含み、
前記Cu偏析部は、前記粒子の表面から30nmよりも深い位置に存在し、
前記Cu偏析部のCu濃度の最大値は、6.0原子%超であることを特徴とする軟磁性粉末。 - 前記粒子の表面から12nmの位置におけるFe濃度は、O濃度より高い請求項1に記載の軟磁性粉末。
- 前記Cu偏析部のCu濃度の最大値は、10.0原子%以上である請求項1または2に記載の軟磁性粉末。
- Siが偏析しているSi偏析部を含み、
前記Si偏析部は、前記Cu偏析部と前記粒子の表面との間に存在している請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の軟磁性粉末。 - 内径8mm、質量0.7gの円柱状の圧粉体とされ、前記圧粉体が20kgfの荷重で軸方向に圧縮されたとき、前記圧粉体の前記軸方向における抵抗値が、0.3kΩ以上である請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の軟磁性粉末。
- 請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の軟磁性粉末を含むことを特徴とする圧粉磁心。
- 請求項6に記載の圧粉磁心を備えることを特徴とする磁性素子。
- 請求項7に記載の磁性素子を備えることを特徴とする電子機器。
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| EP4044203A1 (en) | 2022-08-17 |
| CN114914050A (zh) | 2022-08-16 |
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